Wind power.pptx

7/29/2019 Wind power.pptx

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Wind power


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Wind power

Is the conversion of windskinetic energy other useful kind of

energy like electrical and

mechanical energies.


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Wind turbines (windmills)

It converts the winds kinetic energy

into mechanical and then electrical

energy.

wind energy production was over2.5% of total worldwide electricity

usage, and growing rapidly at more than

25% per annum.


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History

The first practical windmills were in use in middle east at

least by the 9th century and possibly as early as the 7th

century

Windmills were used to pump seawater for salt-making in

China and Sicily

In the US, the development of the water-pumping windmill

was the major factor in allowing the farming and ranching of

vast areas otherwise devoid of readily accessible water.


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In July 1887, a Scottish academic, Professor James Blyth,

built a cloth-sailed wind turbine in the garden of his holidaycottage in Marykirk and used the electricity it produced to

charge accumulators which he used to power the lights in

his cottage.


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US inventor Charles F. Brush produced electricity using a windpowered generator which powered his home and laboratory until

about 1900.

La Cour was the first to discover that fast rotating wind turbines

with fewer rotor blades were the most efficient in generatingelectricity and in 1904 he founded the Society of Wind

Electricians

By the mid-1920s, 1 to 3-kilowatt wind generators developed

by companies such as Parris-Dunn and Jacobs Wind-electricfound widespread use in the rural areas of the midwestern

Great Plains of the US, but by the 1940s the demand for more

power and the coming of the electrical grid throughout those

areas made these small generators obsolete.


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During the 1920s the first vertical axis wind turbine was

built by Frenchman George Darrieus and in 1931 a

100 kW precursor to the modern horizontal wind

generator was used in Yalta

And then wind turbines have increased greatly in size

and capable of delivering up to 7 MW

Wind turbine production has expanded to many

countries and wind power is expected to grow

worldwide in the twenty-first century.


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Horizontal Axis wind turbinevertical axis wind turbine


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Parts of the wind

turbine


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Nacelle is a cover housing that

houses all of the generating

components in a wind turbine,

including the generator, gearbox, drive

train, and brake assembly

Rotor blades collect the wind power and

acts the prime mover which is connected to

the rotor through the gear box

Rotor hub locks the rotor blades

Anemometer measures the winds speed

and it is connected to electronic controller


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Rotor brake controls the rotation of the shaft

Gear box increases the rotation for the generators shaft

Generator is the on that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy.


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Why use wind to produce electricity?

It as an alternative to fossil fuels

Abundant

Renewable

Produces no greenhouse gas emissions during

operation.

Any effects on the environment are generallyless problematic than those from other

power sources.


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Advantages of wind turbines

1. Renewable Energy : Wind energy in itself is a source of renewable

energy which means it can be produced again and again

since it is available in plenty

2. Reduces Fossil Fuels Consumption :Dependence on the fossil

fuels could be reduced to much extent if it is adopted on the

much wider scale by all the countries across the globe. It

could be answer to the ever increasing demand for petroleum

and gas products.

3. Less Air and Water Pollution : Wind energy doesn't pollute at all.

It is that form of energy that will exist till the time sun

exists. It does not destroy the environment or release toxic

gases.


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4. Green House Effect : help to curb harmful gas emissions which

are the major source of global warming.

5. Initial Cost : The main cost is the installation of wind turbines.

Moreover the land used to install wind turbines can also

be used for agriculture purpose.


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Disadvantages of wind turbines

1. Wind Can Never Be Predicted :The main disadvantage of wind

energy is that wind can never be predicted. That is one of the

reasons that most of the companies determine wind turbine

layout, power curve, thrust curve, long term wind speed

before deploying wind turbines.

2. Suited To Particular Region :Wind turbines are suited to the

coastal regions which receive wind throughout the year to

generate power. So, countries that do not have any coastal

or hilly areas may not be able to take any advantage of wind

power

3. Wind is not constant : The strength of the wind is not constant

and it varies from zero to storm force. This means that

wind turbines do not produce the same amount of

electricity all the time. There will be times when they

produce no electricity at all.


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Capacity factor

Since wind speed is not constant, a wind farm's annual energy

production is never as much as the sum of the generator nameplateratings multiplied by the total hours in a year.

Typical capacity factors are 2040%, with values at the upper end of

the range in particularly favourable sites.


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Economics

Wind power has low ongoing costs, but a moderate capital cost.

The marginal cost of wind energy once a plant is constructed is

usually less than other power plants

As wind turbine technology improves, costs are coming down.There are now longer and lighter wind turbine blades,

improvements in turbine performance and increased power

generation efficiency. Also, wind project capital and maintenance

costs have continued to decline.


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Environmental effects

Compared to the environmental impact of traditional energy

sources, the environmental impact of wind power is relatively

minor. Wind power consumes no fuel, and emits no air pollution,

unlike fossil fuel power sources. The energy consumed to

manufacture and transport the materials used to build a wind power

plant is equal to the new energy produced by the plant within a fewmonths. While a wind farm may cover a large area of land, many

land uses such as agriculture are compatible, with only small areas

of turbine foundations and infrastructure made unavailable for use.

There are reports of bird and bat mortality at wind turbines as

there are around other artificial structures.


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Planning aspects

Estimation of wind conditions : An estimation of local windconditions is especially crucial in the selection of the site.

Initial estimates of installed capacity and energy yield: the local gridoperator has to be asked for the maximum possible wind power

feedable into the grid has to, how far away the next feeding point

is, and what the voltage level is for a connection to the grid.

Permit aspects : Local construction law determines what is required

for a wind farm or a single wind turbine to be eligible for apermit.

In addition, the environmental impact of the turbine

generally has to be assessed as early as the planning phase

in most countries. Generally, an environmental impact

assessment is then conducted.


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Economic : The economic feasibility of a wind farm is decisive. If

the wind farm is found not to be economically feasible, the

project should not be begun at all. In calculating the

economic feasibility over a period of around 20 years of

operation, various cost items -- such as actual energy yield,

repairs, etc.

The ecological impact of wind turbines :There must be a

determination of whether the impact that the construction and

operation of wind turbines will have on the environment is

acceptable in terms of nature conservation. Additional reports

may be required to assess the impact in areas where birds build

nests or migrate.

T 10 t i


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Top 10 countries

by nameplate wind power capacity

(2011 year-end)

Country

Windpower capacity

(MW) provisional % world total

China 62,733 26.3

United States 46,919 19.7

Germany 29,060 12.2

Spain 21,674 9.1

India 16,084 6.7

France 6,800 2.8

Italy 6,747 2.8

United Kingdom 6,540 2.7

Canada 5,265 2.2

Portugal 4,083 1.7

(rest of world) 32,446 13.8

World total 238,351 MW 100%
http://www.thewindpower.net/country_en_12_portugal.php?PHPSESSID=51a4e045a4de0a96d42f152f201c04c3http://www.thewindpower.net/country_en_14_canada.php?PHPSESSID=51a4e045a4de0a96d42f152f201c04c3http://www.thewindpower.net/country_en_8_united-kingdom.php?PHPSESSID=51a4e045a4de0a96d42f152f201c04c3http://www.thewindpower.net/country_en_7_italy.php?PHPSESSID=51a4e045a4de0a96d42f152f201c04c3http://www.thewindpower.net/country_en_1_france.php?PHPSESSID=51a4e045a4de0a96d42f152f201c04c3http://www.thewindpower.net/country_en_5_india.php?PHPSESSID=51a4e045a4de0a96d42f152f201c04c3http://www.thewindpower.net/country_en_3_spain.php?PHPSESSID=51a4e045a4de0a96d42f152f201c04c3http://www.thewindpower.net/country_en_2_germany.php?PHPSESSID=51a4e045a4de0a96d42f152f201c04c3http://www.thewindpower.net/country_en_4_usa.php?PHPSESSID=51a4e045a4de0a96d42f152f201c04c3http://www.thewindpower.net/country_en_9_china.php?PHPSESSID=51a4e045a4de0a96d42f152f201c04c3


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Advantages of Wind turbinesagainst other power plant

Compared to other types of Power plants, Wind turbines has the simplest

structure in which in means to have a low initial cost. The wind as the fuel is

renewable and abundant. It is one of the power plants that has the cheapest

operating cost. It needs a small space only for the tower of the wind turbine.

Compared to diesel, coal - fired, and natural gas fired power plants it doesnt

have any solid waste to dispose. Compared to solar it doest consume a largeamount of space. And lastly it is one of the power plants that has a very little

effect on the environment.


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Thank you !!!

Date post:	04-Apr-2018
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