WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA.PPT - sari … RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA 3 Wind Resource...

WIND RESOURCE ASSESSMENT IN INDIA

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E. SreevalsanCentre for Wind Energy Technology

Ch i INDIA Chennai, INDIA

• C-WET was set up in 1998 as an Autonomous Organization under theMinistry. It is registered under the Tamil Nadu Societies Registration Act.

• To serve as a Technical Focal Point for promoting Wind Power development

CWET _OBJECTIVES

To serve as a Technical Focal Point for promoting Wind Power developmentin India.

• To coordinate and support Research and Development programmes in WindPower systems.

• To analyse and assess wind resources and prepare Wind Energy DensityMap, Wind Atlas and reference wind data.

• To develop procedures for Testing & carry out testing; prepare Standards forCertification of Wind Power systems.

• To accord Type Approval / Type Certification conforming to InternationalStandards.

• To undertake Human Resource Development in wind energy sector.


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• Resources

Wind Resource Assessment Unit in CWET

ResourcesExpertise in

Large Scale screening of sites and identifying windy locations

Erection and commissioning of Wind Monitoring Stations

Data Collection and Analysis

Micro level Regional Wind Assessment

Micrositing of Wind Turbine Generators

Design & Layout of Wind farms

Technical due diligence of Production Estimate of energy

Preparation of Tender Documents for Wind farm development

• Resources

Wind Resource Assessment Unit

ResourcesState of the Art tools

Multi level wind masts

Sensors & Data logging systems

Workstation, GPS, Camera, etc.

GSM connectivity

SODAR

Software

Windographer

WAsP, WAsP Engineering, WindPRO, ReSoft WindFarm, Meteodyne, WindSim

Surfur, Origin, MATLAB, ArcView GIS


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Wind Resource Assessment Unit

Major ActivitiesMajor ActivitiesNational Wind Resource Assessment

Micro Survey & Micrositing

Preparation of Indian Wind Atlas

Technical Consultancy

Wind resource assessment techniques can include any or all of the f ll i l tfollowing elements.

• Prospecting (Large area Screening & Field visits).

• Validation (Wind measurements & Data Analysis)

• Micro Survey & Micrositing.


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PROSPECTING – REFERENCES IN INDIA

•STATE WISE METEOROLOGICAL REPORT – PUBLISHED BY INDIA METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT •WIND ENERGY DATA FOR INDIA , ANNAMANI et al. (1983)•SURVEY OF INDIA MAP – TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP ( 1 : 50000 Scale, 20 m contour )20 m contour )•LAND USE LAND COVER MAP, SATELLITE IMAGES From NRSC

VALIDATION

National Wind Resource Assessment Programme – Since 1986Initially 20 m mast heightCurrently 80 m, 100m and 120 m.More than 650 stations •Wind Energy Resource Survey – Volumes I to VII•Wind Power Density map of Measured region •Indian Wind Atlas


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OPIMISATION- MICROSURVEY

Observational wind atlas (WAsP)

InputsMeasured time-series

wind speed

wind direction

Terrain Features

Elevation (Orography)Digitised maps

SRTM

Roughness NRSA satellite imagesGoogle EarthSOImaps & Site visits

ObstaclesNRSA satellite imagesG l E thGoogle EarthSite visits

OutputsRegional Wind Climate for the a given location


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Inputs for WAsP (wind data)

Wind Data

Second wind RAW data

Indigenous Second Wind Software compatible with WAsP

Output of the Second wind software as *.TAB fileOutput of the Second wind software as OWC file

Inputs for WAsP (other inputs)


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WAsP Analysis

Outcome of WRA projects

• 233 potential sites for wind farming are identified• Wind data ( Time series) for more than 500 locations• Wind Energy Resource Survey . 7 Volumes

(Two volumes have been published by CWET. 8th volume is beingpublished )

• IndianWind Atlas• 105 Micro Survey Reports (105) with 1 km resolution• Micrositing & due diligence – More than 2000 MW – 70 projectsg g p j• Numerical Wind Atlas with 5 km resolution ( .lib)


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WIND TURBINE ASSESSMENT

Wind resource assessmentAnnual Energy Estimation

Wind Speed (m/s)

Hours/ Year

0 0.01 434.42 823.43 1,098.64 1,228.7

1 216 1000110012001300

GE 1.5xle - 1.5 MW

1400

1600

5 1,216.56 1,092.37 900.88 687.59 487.9

10 323.011 200.012 115.913 63.014 32.115 15.416 6.917 2.918 1.219 0.420 0.221 0.122 0.023 0.024 0.025 0.0

0100200300400500600700800900

1000

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26

Wind Speed (m/s)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0

Wind Speed (m/s)

Turb

ine

Out

put (

kW)

26 0.0

Speed Frequency Distribution Wind Turbine Power Curve: Output As a Function of Speed

Wind Direction Rose

Annual capacity factor = (Actual energy produced during year) / (capacity * 8760)


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Prevalent wind direction – the key

Turbines closer

Turbines fartherTurbines farther

WRD 17

Turbines closer

Micrositing


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Standard correction factors 1 Grid availability2 Machine availability 3 Electrical losses

The annual energy production

4 Air density correction

Uncertainty factors)1 Wind Measurement ( sensors, mounting etc), 2 Inter annual variation3 Extrapolation (vertical l)4 Extrapolation (horizontal)5 Input file accuracy ( Orography + Roughness)5 Input file accuracy ( Orography + Roughness) 6 Power curveRSS Value 7-20 %

Wind Power Class ( SITE ASSESSMENT)

A way of quantifying the strength of the wind at a project site based on power densityat an elevation of 50 m agl..

The Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory defines thewind class at a site on a scale from 1 to 7 (1 being low and 7 being high) based onaverage wind speed and power density to offer guidance to potential developers as towhere wind projects might be feasible.


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WIND POWER

RESOURCE POTENTIAL ( UTILITY SCALE)

WPD at 50m

m/s at 50m

SITE ASSESSMENT –WIND POWER CLASS

POWER CLASS

( UTILITY SCALE) 50m

1 POOR 0‐200 0.0 5.62 MARGINEL 200‐300 5.6‐6.43 MODERATE 300‐400 6.4‐7.04 GOOD 400‐500 7.0‐7.55 EXCELLENT 500‐600 7.5‐8.06 EXCELLENT 600‐800 8.0‐8.87 EXCELLENT >800 >8.8

WPD W/m2 CF %

200-250 17-22

250-300 22-26

300-400 26-30

WPD VS ENERGY

450

500

R² = 0.4994

R² = 0.4688

R² = 0.5088

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

WPD

Series1

Expon. (Series1)

Linear (Series1)

Power (Series1)

00 10 20 30 40

CF


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• MODELING Techniques

• Physical Modeling

• Numerical Modeling

–Meso ( spatial resolution, 5‐2000 km,) MesoMap, KAMM. MM5, MC2)p, , )

–Micro ( less than 1 km),

– ( WAsP, WindSim, Meteodyn, SiteWind)

Wind Potential of the Country at 50 m level with 5 km resolution ( Meso Scale

Indian Wind Atlas

Assessment) Windy states are validated ( Available for public) 49 GW – with 0.5 to 2 % land availabilty

Wind Potential of the Country at 80 m level with 5 km resolution ( Meso Scale Assessment)) 100 GW with 1 to 2 % land availabilty Not Validated ‐So not made available for public.

‐METHODOLOGY

KAMM Mesoscale model: Simulated Wind Climates‐Numerical Wind Atlas.

WAsP Microscale model : Observed Wind Climates –Observed Wind Atlas.

OUTCOMEOUTCOME

1. Wind Atlas – Book ( Meso scale wind resource map, Micro scale details of 50 stations, Details of wind characteristics of 517 locations, details of cyclones, Long term NCEP/NCAR data etc.,)

2. Simulated Wind Climates‐Numerical Wind Atlas file for every 5 km. in Digital form.


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WIND RESOURCES IN INDIA

Output of KAMM Analysis (.lib file)


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2. OBJECTIVES:

ASSESSMENT OF WIND ENERGY POTENTIAL AT 100m level in INDIA

1. Wind speed map at 100 m level

2. Wind power density map at 100 m

3. Wind energy (kWh or CF) map at 100 m

4. Estimate Installable ( Constrained Technical ) Potential

5. Investment grade potential Assessment

3. METHODOLOGY • Preparation of State Wise Wind Atlas & Estimation of potential at 80/100 m level.

ASSESSMENT OF WIND ENERGY POTENTIAL AT 100 m level in INDIA

• Phase 1. Using existing Numerical wind atlas ( .lib file) and Observed Wind Climate (.lib file or any other similar files) generate micro scale wind atlas with higher resolution. One year ( Interim report )

• Phase 2. Using GIS tools , estimate technical potential, constrained potential ‐1Year, 4 months ( Interim report )

• Phase 3. Validation of the results with actual measurements. For that it is proposed to install 75 numbers of 100 m anemometry with GPRS systems across 7 states .

Duration ‐ 2 to 2 1/2yearsDuration ‐ 2 to 2 1/2years

• Micro level – Investment grade potential Assessment) Energy maps for selected sites.

Domain size with maximum required spatial and vertical resolution.


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WIND POWER DENSITY MAP AT 80 M LEVEL

3A METHODOLOGY- Phase 1

• Preparation of State wise Wind atlas higher spatial resolution ( Meso Scale Map + Surface level measured data

• Methodology for Realistic Assessment with GIS tool

RAW / METEOROLOGICAL

3 B. METHODOLOGY- Phase 2

RAW / METEOROLOGICAL POTENTIAL

TECHNICAL POTENTIALCONSTRAINED POTENTIAL ECONOMICALLY COMPETATIVE POTENTIAL


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• Methodology for Realistic Assessment with GIS tool



• Validation of the results with actual measurements.


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• Thank you

Date post:	31-Mar-2018
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