Women's Role in Peace Processes India

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Womens Role in Peace Processes

India.

.


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Introduction to the studyEvery state in the northeast region is currently affected byinsurgent violence and four of these Assam, Manipur,

Nagaland and Tripura witness scales of conflict that can be

categorized as low intensity wars with fatalities over 100 but

less than 1000 er annum

(Source: South Asia Terrorism Portal).


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Idea behind the study Gendered impacts of conflict .

- Women involvement in the peace process.


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Goals of the study The study will be a useful tool to further interventions aligned to

address womens needs and interest in the region.

- the inclusion of women in formal peace processes which would

ensure the textual inclusion of gender related content of peace

agreements thereby addressing gender related issues arising as a

result of the conflict.

- the inclusion of women in peace processes would pave the way

for opportunities to increase womens political participation and

representation in elections, appointments of women in decisionmaking bodies post conflict.


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The study

Composed of three cases: Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh and

Northeast India.

The study was divided into three parts for each case. The

parts included background of conflict, peace process andwomens role in the eace rocess.


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Major Findings

A. With regards to the formal peace process, women in

Northeast India participated mainly as mediators. The women

who participated were:

Mamoni Raisom Goswami was the chief interlocutor in theeace dialo ues between the ULFA the Peo les

Consultative Group and the Government of India .

Pranati Deka, ULFA Cultural Secretary participated in the

peace talks between the ULFA and the Government of India,

in February, 2011.


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Contd..

The Naga Mothers Association mediated between the

Government of India and the NSCN and facilitated the cease-

fire agreement which began in 1997and has been extended

indefinitely on 8 September 2005.


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Contd..

B.With regards to informal peace process women have been

involved in activities such as:

Naga Mother Association- campaigns to stop killing- Shed

No More Blood and public peace rally Human Integrityand Conse uences of Killin .

Thangkul Shanao Long lobbying to prevent human rights

violations and organising of a rally. Its unit in Shirui and

Lunghar have been instrumental in redefining conflict

prevention and peace.


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Contd..

Watsu Mongdung has tried to mobilize social groups in

Mokochung town to negotiate peace. They have spoken and

influenced the army to release civilians where there have been

indiscriminate arrests.They have led protest against almost every.

Naga Women Union of Manipur (NWUM) has also been

engaging in on-the-spot fact finding investigations, together with

other NGOs and CSOs involved in human rights issues.TheUnion was to initiate three dialogues with the Kuki women but

no conclusive results were obtained.


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Contd

The Meira Paibies have become night patrollers of their local

neighbourhoods, sounding the alarm on search and cordon

operations by the state security forces; protecting young men

from recruitment by insurgents; raising an alarm against a

or interceding with insurgent leaders to secure the release of

recruits or hostages.

The BodoWomens Justice Forum is a group that concerns itselfwith issues of peace and human rights. The group has initiated

many state, regional and national level meetings on issues of

human rights. Golapi Basumatary was active in trying to organize

an Assames- Bodo dialogue on peace.


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Contd..C. With regards to women political participation there is scope for

further study on the Moyen Sanuw Ruwrkheh. The study will help inunderstanding the dynamics of womens entry into political decisionmaking bodies in a conflict affected area since Moyen women werethe first to be given right to vote in legislative councils as well as to

participate as speaker of the Assembly of the Naga Moyen Council,traditionally considered as mens arena.

They called for equal right of women to inherit property.

They began agitation for women to be in decision making bodies.

They tried to initiate dialogue with Kuki women living in proximity.

They established networks with other Naga groups and are trying to

organize a womens dialogue between the Issac-Muvah and Khaplangfactions of the NSCN.


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Limitations of the study

Reliability of data especially with regards to womens

involvement in formal peace processes.

Lack of knowledge of women organisations working towards

peace due to exhaustible literature.


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References The Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue and Delhi Policy Group. Conflict

resolution: Learning lessons from dialogue processes in India. Edited by CateBuchanan. Geneva: Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue, 2011.

Ario, MaraVillellas. The Participation of Women in Peace Processes.The Other Tables.ICIP WORKING PAPERS: 2010/05, Barcelona: Institut Catal Internacionalper la Pau, 2010, 56.

Banerjee, Paula. "The Naga Women's Interventions For Peace." Canadian Womanu es , n . : - .

Bhaumik, Subir. Insurgencies in India's Northeast: Conflict, Co-option & Change. East-West Centre Washington Working Papers No. 10, Washington: East-WestCentre, 2007, 64.

Diaz, Pablo Castillo. Womens Participation in Peace Negotiations: Connections between

Presence and Influence. United Nations Development Fund for Women, 2010, 27. Fisas, Vicenc. 2011 Yearbook on Peace Processes. sixth edition. Icaria editorials/

Escola de Cultura de Pau, UAB, 2011.


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Contd.. Haan, Lisa de. "India at war with itself. The Naxalite movement in India: the biggest

internal security threat or a call for an alternative development paradigm?" UniversityUtrecht> UU Home> Igitur> Igitur Archive .August 12, 2011. http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/student-theses/2011-0824-202437/finalthesislisadehaan.pdf(accessed February 28, 2012).

Heymann, Karen. "Earned Sovereignty for Kashmir: The Legal Methodology to Avoiding

a Nuclear Holocaust."American University International Law Review 19, no.1, 2003: 153-200.

a apatra, e i atta . an e awat eema. e eace rocess an rospects orEconomic Reconstruction in Kashmir." Peace & Conflict Review3, no. 1 (2008).

Manchanda, Rita. "Northeast India." Chap. 6 in Peacemaking in Asia and the Pacific: Womensparticipation perspectives and priorities, edited by Cate Buchanan, 120. Centre forHumanitarian Dialogue, 2011.

Mentschel, Binalakshmi Nepram. "Armed Conflicts and Small Arms Proliferation inNortheast India." Chap. 7 in Search for Peace with Justice: Issues Around Conflicts in NortheastIndia, by Walter Fernandes, 176. Guwahati: North Eastern Social Research Centre,2008.


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Contd.. Nations, United. Women, Peace and Security: Study Submitted by the Secretary-

General Pursuant to Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000). UnitedNations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2002.

Paula Banerjee, Pirkko Poutiainen, Ishita Dey, Shiva Dunghana, WanzaKioko, Ms Pivi Mattila, Martin Muhindi. Women, Peace and Security.Implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1325 in the Context fFinnis Deve opment Po icy wit case stu ies rom Kenya, Nepa an Nort -EastIndia. Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, 2010, 304.

Rajagopalan, Swarna. "Peace Accords in Northeast India: Journey overMilestones." East-West Centre PolicyStudies (East-West Centre), no. 46

(2008): 92. Wasim, Hussain. Kashmiri Women Deserve Better Recognition. February 14,

2010. kashmirforumorg.blogspot.in/2010/02/kashmiri-women-deserve-better.html (accessed February 27, 2012).


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Women's Role in Peace Processes India

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