Wood Solutions to Satisfy Energy Codes in Building ... · 2015 SWST International Convention, Grand...

Wood Solutions to Satisfy Energy Codes in Building Construction

2015 SWST International Convention, Grand Teton, Wyoming, June 11, 2015

Robert Knudson, Research Leader Jieying Wang, Senior Scientist

Jean-Frédéric Grandmont, Research Scientist

© 2015 FPInnovations. All rights reserved. Copying and redistribution prohibited. ® FPInnovations, its marks and logos are trademarks of FPInnovations.

Outline

Need Energy Codes and Programs FPInnovations’ Response

▫ Publish design guides to assist architects, engineers and builders ▫ Identify emerging products and technologies ▫ Develop new wood-based products and technologies

Summary

2


Need

Approximately 40% of primary energy consumption and 30% of CO2 emissions in North America from building sector

New building codes in Canada and US to improve energy efficiency

3


Need (cont.)

Develop cost competitive, technically sound, wood-based solutions to meet changing Canadian and US building energy codes

Avoid market loss of up to 20% (1 billion ft² 3/8” basis; 885 million m³) from substitution of OSB and plywood sheathing panels by rigid plastic foam*

*APA – The Engineered Wood Association, 2011

4


New Energy Codes in Canada

Large buildings ▫ National Energy Code for Buildings (NECB) published in November 2011

- Updated from MNECB 1997 with 25% increase - Most provinces expected to adopt it - 2 by 6 + batt won’t meet requirements even in coastal British Columbia

▫ Some provinces (e.g., BC) also adopts ASHRAE 90.1

Part 9 House ▫ New requirements in NBC 9.36

- 2 by 6 + batt will not meet requirements in most areas - Extra insulation required for colder climates

5


New Energy Codes in USA

Residential: International Residential Energy Code (IECC) 2012 ▫ West coast (Climate area 4), minimum 2 by 6, or

2 by 4 +1 inch extra insulation

Commercial/ large residential: ASHRAE 90.1 2010 ▫ Continuous (exterior preferable) insulation required in most climates

6


Major Energy-related Programs/Labelling Systems

Energy Star– 20-25% better than local code ▫ A USA EPA voluntary program ▫ In Canada partnered with and promoted by NRCan

R-2000 ▫ Promoted by NRCan aiming to reduce energy use by 50%

compared to a code-built home

7


Energy-related Programs/Labelling Systems (Cont.)

Passivhaus (Passive House) ▫ A labelling program originating in Germany based on concepts developed for R-

2000 in Canada in 1970s ▫ Requirements including space-heating load less than 15 kWh/m2; airtightness

less than 0.6 air changes per hour @ 50 Pa etc.

Net Zero Energy Building Certification ▫ A program operated by the International Living Future Institute ▫ Requires a building has a net-zero energy consumption for 12 consecutive

months

8


Guide for Designing Energy-Efficient Building Enclosures for Wood-Frame Multi-Unit Residential Buildings in Marine to Cold Climate Zones in North America

For large buildings, guide focusing on energy and durability of building envelope, published in 2013 with RDH, BC Housing, and CWC ▫ Downloads/on-line views over 20,000 in past 2 yrs ▫ “It looks like it has been a massive project… and probably the most

comprehensive and up-to-date resource that I have seen” -Mark Gauvin, a highly knowledgeable practitioner based in Coquitlam, BC

9


Pathways to High-Performance Housing in British Columbia

10

For houses, guide focusing on whole-house energy performance, published in 2014 with BC Housing, BC Hydro, FortisBC, City of Vancouver ▫ Solutions applicable in most climates ▫ “This is an excellent design guide, the best I have come across for modern high

performance housing. It was an enjoyable, engaging read. I am looking forward to having this as a resource for both my staff and clients” - Bob Deeks, Technical Research Chair of CHBA


Emerging Products and Technologies: Wood Fiber Insulation Boards (WFIB)

New manufacturing process ▫ Dry based ▫ Developed and growing in Europe ▫ Increased manufacturing flexibility ▫ Alternative use for pulp wood chips ▫ No manufacturing capacity in North America

11


The Products

Flexible boards (batts) ▫ 25-70 kg/m3

▫ Nonwoven textile technology - No adhesives - Bico Fibre

▫ 20 to 200 mm thickness

12


The Products

Rigid boards ▫ 80-250 kg/m3

▫ MDF panel based technology

- MDI adhesives

▫ 20 to 300 mm thickness

13


WFIB : The Competition

Wood fiber insulating boards (wet process) Fiberglass batts Cellulose Rockwool batts Expanded polystyrene(EPS) Extruded polystyrene (XPS) Polyisocyanurate Polyurethane …

14


WFIB : Property comparison

R value ≈ fiberglass

15



Specific heat→ Best product to limit temperature variations (dephasing)

16



Installed cost ≈ Expanded polystyrene (EPS)

17


WFIB : Property comparisons

Compressive strength (rigid) ≈ extruded polystyrene (XPS) ▫ → The best

Linear expansion ≈ rockwool batts ▫ → Competitive

Embodied energy ▫ → Competitive

18


WFIB : Raw Material

Flexible boards ▫ Long and flexible fibers of various nature

- Wood: fiber length is a deterministic property

Rigid boards ▫ Best results obtained using pulp and paper coniferous woodchips ▫ Possibility of mixing wood species

19


WFIB : Manufacturing Process

Dry Process

20

Dry process, courtesy of Gutex®


WFIB : Utilization

21

Source: courtesy of Gutex ™


WFIB : Utilization

22

Source: FPInnovations CLT Handbook

Vertical furring screwed through rigid insulation boards

Vapour permeable rigid wood fiber insulation board

Vapour permeable rigid wood fiber insulation board

© 2015 FPInnovations. All rights reserved. Copying and redistribution prohibited. ® FPInnovations, its marks and logos are trademarks of FPInnovations. 23

WFIB – FPInnovations Assessment

Dry process WFIB meets market needs ▫ Continuous insulation barrier ▫ Affordable ▫ Heat and cold insulation with promising acoustic properties ▫ Vapor permeable ▫ Environment: embodied energy, global warming, renewable

resource, carbon storage, etc. ▫ Additional functions possible

Proven and mature manufacturing technology Complementary applications outside the construction sector

possible Challenge: finding right combination of location and industry

partner to start production line and grow the market


New Wood-Based Products and Technologies – Ultra Low Density Composite

Ultra low density composite (ULDC) is about 90% wood or bio-based fibre and has the characteristics of: ▫ Low density: 10 ~ 120kg/m3 ▫ Low heat conductivity with R value of >3.5 per inch ▫ High sound absorption coefficient ▫ High impact resistance capacity

The product can be used as insulation or packaging to replace styrofoam or other types of insulation or packaging materials

24


New Wood-Based Products and Technologies – Multi-Functional Panels

Panels combining the following performance attributes: ▫ Structural strength ▫ Thermal insulation ▫ Moisture control ▫ Effective attachment to the wood structure frame ▫ Effective attachment for exterior cladding ▫ Fire resistance and acoustic insulation ▫ Compatible with current construction practices

25


Multi-Functional Panels – Combining Currently Available Elements

26

R – value 5


Multi-Functional Panels – Combining Currently Available Elements Multi-Functional Panel Structural Testing

27


Multi-Functional Panels Lateral Static Tests


Multi-Functional Panels – Combining Currently Available Elements

Hygro-Thermal Simulations: Predicted moisture content of OSB layers different for panels with wood fibre vs. XPS insulation core (Climate Zone 7 – Edmonton)

29

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000

MC

Time (h)

XPS - Outer OSB XPS - Inner OSB

WF - Outer OSB WF - Inner OSB


Multi-Functional Panels – Combining Currently Available Elements Multi-Functional Panel Demonstration Buildings

30

Multifunctional panel

1” XPS Insulation

2’ x 6” Framing

¼” OSB on both sides of XPS Insulation

Nails to attach Multifunctional panel to framing


Multi-Functional Panels – Exploratory New Concepts

Strand technology based Veneer technology based Wood-plastic technology based

31


Summary

Changing energy codes in North America present challenges/opportunities for wood products

FPInnovations working with partners has responded by ▫ Publishing design guides ▫ Identifying emerging products and technologies ▫ Developing new wood-based products and technologies

32

www.fpinnovations.ca

Follow us on


Thanks!

Robert M. Knudson Research Leader, Engineered Wood Products

Jieying Wang Senior Scientist, Advanced Building Systems

Jean-Frédéric Grandmont Research Scientist, Engineered Wood Products

http://www.fpinnovations.ca/

Date post:	07-Jul-2020
Category:	Documents
Upload:	others
View:	3 times
Download:	0 times

Wood Solutions to Satisfy Energy Codes in Building ... · 2015 SWST International Convention, Grand...

Documents