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philip a. hallwork
university of cincinnatimaster of architecturemaster of community planning
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Since 1950, Detroit has lost over 50% of its population, 165,000 industrial jobs, and 150,000 housing units. The depopu-lation that the city has experienced over the last sixty years created a fractured and dislocated urban environment di-vided by over 66,000 vacant lots. Gener-ated by default rather than intent, these discarded, neglected, and forgotten spaces evoke strong memories of past turmoil and abandonment within the city. My thesis investigation uncovers the his-toric factors and city-responses associ-ated with the extensive suburbanization and the subsequent emergence of urban empty space in Detroit. Emphasizing the historic formation and strange identity of Detroit’s vacant land becomes the de-sign measure in which to re-imagine and regenerate these urban conditions.1
Interventions occur at each point along the project transect (left): highway, high-way edge and access road, large clearing, streetfront, sidewalk, and street.
The vacant, oversized, and decaying remnants of Detroit’s booming in-dustrial past are transformed into a community centerpiece that catalyzes neighborhood growth and activity. Inspired by the melancholic and found beauty of post-industrial urban voids, design preserves the unique char-acteristics of the site by amplifying changes to urban form and context that have surfaced over time. The design project transforms a broken and discontinuous Neighborhood Business District into the face of an urban farming operation.
The design project works at three scales:1. Neighborhood / Community2. Building Site3. Construction Detail
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site plan - urban farming district
building site plan - three interventions2
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E A TTHEFARMCAFE
THEFARMCAFE
Design intervention preserves the streetscape as a series of solid and void spaces that form connections between urban street front and green space farming activities. The Neighbor-hood Business District becomes a transitional space that mediates between mineral and vegetative elements of the project site. The design project maintains the street’s historic function as a Neighborhood Business District, yet, inserts new urban forms, functions, ma-terials, and uses into the surrounding voids.
Building Section
streetfront elevation (intervention 3)
site plan
FarmingActivity
StreetActivity
3
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A building system was developed to fit the economic limitations of the neighborhood. Construc-tion materials were selected based on their precast, modular, and recyclable qualities. The primary building components include premium ground concrete modular units (CMU), precast concrete floor and ceiling planks, reclaimed wood, and glass. Double concrete block bearing walls are used in some instances to provide desired wall thicknesses and insulation space.
Each CMU wall is stained a different color that is inspired by the vibrancy of the fruits and veg-etables grown at the farm. The colorfully stained concrete signifies a departure from the city’s industrial past and also provides visual vitality to the neighborhood.
end condition hvac conditionstandard condition basement
roof
2nd floor /roof deck
Double CMUWall Section
Double CMUWall Plans
intervention 1 images (above)
construction materials
4
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The existing street section of Michigan Avenue is 9 traffic lanes wide and largely devoid of pedestrian activity. The sidewalks are broken, crumbling, and absent of trees and other pedestrian amenities. The broad streets are impersonally scaled and difficult to cross on foot.
The streets and sidewalks are re-scaled by creating discrete spaces for pedestrian, bicycle, and automotive traffic that are separated by vegeta-tive buffers. The vegetative buffers, with curb cuts, serve as an organic alternative to traditional urban drainage infrastructure.
proposed street section (above)
existing street section (below)
5
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The extensive highway network within the city of Detroit is well known for its adverse effects on city neighborhoods and street connectivity. Proposed dense vegetative plantings shield highway views and noise from the farm and create a pleasant vegetative edge at the northern boundary of the project site. Over time, increasing the urban tree canopy creates shade and evaporative cooling, processes stormwater, and produc-es oxygen.
The Farm Boardwalk and path network introduce pedestrian activity into the heart of the agricultural farm. The materiality of the boardwalk and paths transition from the hard concrete edges of the project site into the soft green nature of the farm-ing environment.
central bio-swale & pedestrian path network
farm boardwalk
urban farm section
highway & farm buffer section
6
stud
ios
arch
itect
ure
[new
yor
k, n
ew y
ork]
STUDIOS Architecture teams-up with the New York Jets to create the corporate head-quarters and training center for the NFL team. The design gives special attention to the visual and physical connection between the playing fields and the interior office space. The parallel nature and close proximity of the practice fields to the office space allows for field-yard-lines to be carried into the interior space through lighting and carpentry. Careful placement of office windows, transparent walls, and photography visually connect the administration staff with the playing field.
I gained further knowledge of graphic layout and design techniques for computer rendering. The project required an extensive use of Adobe Creative Suite applica-tions and ArchiCAD. I was also involved with material selection and creating material display boards and physical study models.
conference room
administrative office spacepractice field corridor
office plan
practice field
7
stud
ios
arch
itect
ure
[new
yor
k, n
ew y
ork]
LIGHTING DESIGN:
World Wide Store Planning685 Fifth AvenueNew York, NY 10022
588 Broadway, Suite 702 ~ New York, NY 10012
(212) 431 4512fax: (212) 431 6042
1/24/07
Copyright - STUDIOS Architecture
ISSUE
JOB NO.
PRINT DATE
DATESCALE
CoMoS
Cooley Monato Studio
665 Broadway, 706ENew York, New York 10012
Elevation RTW-1
ARCHITECT:CLIENT:
01
PROGRESS SET
06725.00
GL-1 PX (M)
PX (W)
WD1
MX
2
02
3
02
1c
02
1b
02
1a
02
1 Front Elevation
EQ. B 750 EQ. B
4,300
4,300 (Varies)
2,0
30
3,1
00 (
Varies)
150
min
152 1,300 (Varies) 152 750 152 1,300 (Varies) 152
150
1,6
26
1 : 30
LIGHTING DESIGN:
World Wide Store Planning685 Fifth AvenueNew York, NY 10022
588 Broadway, Suite 702 ~ New York, NY 10012
(212) 431 4512fax: (212) 431 6042
1/24/07
Copyright - STUDIOS Architecture
ISSUE
JOB NO.
PRINT DATE
DATESCALE
CoMoS
Cooley Monato Studio
665 Broadway, 706ENew York, New York 10012
Finish Schedule & Axon RTW-1
ARCHITECT:CLIENT:
00
PROGRESS SET
06725.00
C-02
GL-01A
C-01
GL-04A
GL-02B
GL-03
GL-02A
C-08
GL-04B
GL-01B
GL-05
FR-01
C-07
C-06
C-05
C-04
GL-07
GL-06
GL-08
C-03
C-09
C-10
MT-08
MR-02
MR-03
MR-05A
MR-05B
MR-04
MR-06
MR-07A
MR-06B
LQ-01
LQ-02
MR-01
LQ-03
LQ-04
LQ-05
MR-08
MR-07B
MT-02
MT-03
MT-01
MT-04
MT-05
MT-06
MT-09
MT-07
PT-01
PT-02
WD-01
ST-02A
ST-01B
ST-01A
ST-02B
ST-04
ST-05
ST-03
PT-03
PT-04
-X
Description:Symbol:
Porcelli Marmi, Dark Grey Onyx - veined
Finish Schedule
Gold Tinted Mirror
Bronze Mirror with Ribbed Glass - smallscale
Small Ribbed Glass
Large Ribbed Glass
Carpet
Small Ribbed Glass Laminated with FR
Clear Low Iron Glass with Fabric Interlayer
Glass Rods
Polished Siliver - Platinum color
Satin Silver - Platinum color
Brushed Silver - Platinum color
Custom Pattern Screen - Silver
Bronze Low Iron Glass with Gold FabricInterlayer
Fabric
Kinon, Ivory Gloss, 031-X0268 Brown Base
Kinon, Silver, 012-X0659
Silver Mirror
Bronze Tinted Mirror
Glazing
Bronze Mirror with Ribbed Glass - largescale
Silver Mirror with Ribbed Glass - small scale
Silver Mirror with Ribbed Glass - large scale
Gold Mirror with Ribbed Glass - small scale
Laquer
RoseGold Metal (#814) Satin
Metal Paint to match Bronze Glass
Description:Symbol:
Tinted Bronze Mirror
Custom Pattern Screen - Gold
Rosewood - PolishedGold Mirror with Ribbed Glass - large scale
Kinon, Pearl Speckled Gloss, 031-X0681Speckled
Kinon, Champagne Pattern Gloss, 031-X0744
RoseGold Metal (#814) Polished
MIrror
Metal
Benjamin Moore, "Pearlescent White" -white-01
Benjamin Moore, "Liquid Silver" - PT-100
Benjamin Moore, "white" - INT. RM. flat
Benjamin Moore, "black" - 2130-10 flat
Porcelli Marmi, Off White Stone - RosaAurora - Honed
Porcelli Marmi, St. Laurent Stone Polished(new lighter shade)
Porcelli Marmi, St. Laurent Stone Honed
Porcelli Marmi, St. Laurent Stone, DarkBrown
Porcelli Marmi, Off White Stone - RosaAurora-Polished
Porcelli Marmi, Viking Black
Paint
Scott Group, Dark Brown Loop
Scott Group, Dark Brown Cut Pile
Scott Group, Dark Brown Diamond Pattern
Scott Group, Light Grey Loop
Scott Group, Light Grey Cut Pile
Scott Group, Light Grey GG Pattern withGold
Scott Group, Dark Grey Loop
Scott Group, Dark Grey Cut Pile
Scott Group, GG Pattern with Gold
Scott Group, Dark Grey Diamond Pattern
Mohair, Vison Color
Kinon, Silver Horizontal Stripe, 027-X0659LNX0866
24mm Web Glass - Laminated Glass"Bronze" (8mm Bronze + 8mm Clear + 8mmBronze)
36mm Web Glass - Laminated Glass"Bronze" (12mm Bronze + 12mm Clear +12mm Bronze)
RoseGold Metal (#814) Brushed
20mm Laminated Glass "Bronze" (10mm +10mm)
20mm Laminated Glass "Bronze" (6mm +6mm)
Ultra Clear Low Iron Glass
Wood
Stone
Hallf-Silvered Mirror
Selection TBD by Gucci
1 : 5
LIGHTING DESIGN:
World Wide Store Planning685 Fifth AvenueNew York, NY 10022
588 Broadway, Suite 702 ~ New York, NY 10012
(212) 431 4512fax: (212) 431 6042
1/24/07
Copyright - STUDIOS Architecture
ISSUE
JOB NO.
PRINT DATE
DATESCALE
CoMoS
Cooley Monato Studio
665 Broadway, 706ENew York, New York 10012
NIche Details RTW-1
ARCHITECT:CLIENT:
05
PROGRESS SET
06725.00
GL7
WD1
WD1
GL7
PX
1 Plan Detail of Niche Finishes
13
45
03
8
50 25 50
94
56
0
46
0
250
27
9m
in
25
0
50
61
0
13
10 Vent Hole @ 120 OC
Track Mounted
Metal HalideFixtures @ 90 O.C.TYPE LR3
2 Ceiling slot - Section
1 : 5
LIGHTING DESIGN:
World Wide Store Planning685 Fifth AvenueNew York, NY 10022
588 Broadway, Suite 702 ~ New York, NY 10012
(212) 431 4512fax: (212) 431 6042
1/24/07
Copyright - STUDIOS Architecture
ISSUE
JOB NO.
PRINT DATE
DATESCALE
CoMoS
Cooley Monato Studio
665 Broadway, 706ENew York, New York 10012
Plan & Section RTW-1
ARCHITECT:CLIENT:
02
PROGRESS SET
06725.00
3
02
2
02
1
05
2
06
3
02
2
02
3
02
1
06
Height of
Ceiling
Height of
Ceiling
GL7
2
02
GL7
WD1 WD1
GL1
WD1
2
05
2
06
2
06
2
041
04
1
03
2
03
Section Detail Plan DetailSection Detail23 1a
1c RCP Plan Detail
Plan Detail1b
61
0
EQ
EQ
250
2,0
30
(Varies)152
56
02
50
250
15
01
,62
64
60
46
0
81
0
LED Light FixtureTYPE LR4
Fluorescent LightTYPE LR1 (TYP)
Metal Halide Fixtures @ 900 O.C.TYPE LR3
Beyond Beyond
1 : 30
The project brings together an assemblage of high-end materi-als (woods, resins, tiles, glass, leathers, and fabrics) under an innovative lighting design.
Working with Gucci gave me additional experience with in-terior architecture projects. I worked with project architects to create axonometric drawings, elevations, sections, plans, and details for in-store shelving units, fitting rooms, and lighting design. The project required the use of ArchiCAD and col-laboration with designers.
lighting design detailplans and sections
axonometric drawing
elevation
STUDIOS Architecture partners with Gucci to design layout, fitting rooms, cashier space, and clothing, hand bag, and accessory display shelving for the international designer’s North American retail stores.
8
dlr g
roup
[ph
oeni
x, ar
izona
]
RIGHT: DLR Group collaborates with the state of Wyoming to design the new Wyoming Medium Correctional Institution. The design and con-struction of the correctional institution requires special considerations not given to more conventional building types.
I worked in AutoCAD and Adobe Creative Suites to create and modify plans, sections, elevations, details, and diagrams of the facility. The proj-ect introduced me to security wall types and requirements. I developed security wall typologies in plan and section, diagramed security zones, and designated security wall type and placement according to area se-curity levels, adjacencies, and necessity.
9
LEFT: DLR Group partners with the city of Phoenix, AZ to design Betty H. Fairfax High School. The new high school is a multiple award-winning facility, published by Architectural Record as an exemplary “School of the 21st Century.” The 345,000 sf campus serves 2,400 students and clus-ters classrooms into small learning communities (SLC) on a unified site. Large gathering and collaborative spaces are provided for students and staff. I collaborated with architectural designers to construct physical site and building models and create presentation images.
com
preh
ensi
ve p
lann
ing
stud
io [x
enia
, ohi
o]The University of Cincinnati School of Planning was commis-sioned by the Green County Regional Airport to create a pre-liminary comprehensive plan for airport expansion. Students were divided into three analysis teams: regional, district, and site. As a member of the site team, I focused on site strategy and design.
The close proximity of the airport to Dayton, OH, a national hub for avionics research and development, catalyzes site devel-opment. Runway extensions accommodate and attract avion-ics related businesses.
The project emphasizes ecologically sensitive site and wa-tershed management. Numerous street typologies were developed that include networks of pedestrian and bicycle pathways, bio-filtrations swales, rain gardens, and additional recreation and green space. In addition to airport expansions, the site plan includes light industry and office space, residen-tial units, a town square, and small organic farming operations.
The studio furthered my ability to create hand rendered maps, develop conclusions, and suggest solutions from real-world research.
10
urba
n ho
usin
g st
udio
[cin
cinn
ati,
ohio
]
Findlay Market is Ohio’s oldest continuously operated public market and one of Cincinnati’s most cherished institutions. The Market is located just blocks from downtown Cincinnati in Over-the-Rhine, a dense historic neighborhood rich in 19th century architecture. It is a gathering place for people from all over the city and routinely attracts perhaps the most socially, economically, racially, and ethnically diverse crowds found anywhere in Cincinnati.
Once a vibrant and densely populated urban neighborhood, Over-the-Rhine is now plagued with poverty, vacancy, and demolition. The project site is located on a series of vacant parcels directly south of the Market. The proposed mixed-use structure (retail + housing) and community gardens are transected by Republic Street. Urban gardens complement nearby market activities, stimulate community pride and involvement, and catalyze food and health related businesses. Wide side-walks and angled building set-backs provide outdoor public space for cafes, markets, retail, and other community activities. Faux balconies connect residential users with street and gardening activities below.
mixed-use retail + housingcommunity gardens & green space
faux balconies
wide flexible-use sidewalk
residential unitsretail
11
findlay market
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]
The proposed mixed-use structure provides underground parking, street level retail, and three floors of 1, 2, and 3-bedroom mixed-income residential apartments. The curved shape of the front facade emphasizes the street and garden as a centerpiece of community activity. Angled residential faux balconies give residents street-length and garden views and the chance to directly interact with activities below. Rear residential units offer tenants increased privacy, still with the benefits of nearby market and retail amenities.
wide flexible-use sidewalk
community garden and green space
12
mixed-use retail + housing plan
faux balconies
trans
ition
stu
dio
[lexin
gton
, ken
tuck
y]
The project site for the 12,000 square foot spa is located on the edge of a small shaker village near Lex-ington, Kentucky. Designing in section only, the studio explores the spa building as a timeline for physi-cal replenishment. Material and structural changes unfold as spaces transition vertically from above to below the ground. As the spa patron travels through the structure, he or she will experience transforma-tions from light (brightness) to dark, light (weight) to heavy, new to old, and public to private.
Parallel and evenly spaced poured concrete bearing walls project deep from the cut earth. Reminiscent of traditional shaker dry-stack stone construction, the thick and heavy concrete walls mediate between the formerly shaker-owned landscape and the contemporary structures above. The bearing walls extend to various heights in order to support light geometric shapes that are in stark contrast to the surrounding historic village. A vertical stairwell acts as a central spine that penetrates deep into the earth, connecting a series of thresholds that mark changes in the user’s experience.
yoga studio cantilevered lap poolmassage roomssun deck
vertical circulation stair lap pool roomstudy model on site
dry-stack stone walls
lobby
shaker village project site
13
trans
ition
stu
dio
[lexin
gton
, ken
tuck
y]
Private guest rooms, bathing pools, and changing rooms sit on the cut earth at the lowest level (C). The semi-private massage rooms, yoga studio, relaxation room, zen garden, and sun deck are located at the intermediate level (B). The public lobby and lap pool is located at the uppermost level (A). Large louvered window open-ings frame the view of the surrounding shaker farmland at a variety of heights.
longitudinal section
study model on clay landscape (left)
longitudinal section
lateral section
A B C
loby / main entrance
vertical circulation stair
lap pool room
guest rooms
yoga studio
sun deck
massage and relaxation rooms
changing rooms bathing pools
14
urba
n de
sign
stu
dio
[cin
cinn
ati,
ohio
]
The brownfield redevelopment project site is the former Nutone door chime factory in the neighborhood of Madisonville, Cincinnati, Ohio. The studio client, MedPace, is currently engaged in negotiations with city officials to relocate its world headquarters to this site. The Med-Pace campus design is inspired by the detail between the “natural” and the urban environment (see photographs above). Design objectives include:
1) Enhance the interaction between man and nature2) Utilize natural functions of the land3) Incorporate environmentally conscious building design
Key design elements include a central bio-filtration swale, parking wrapped by a secondary network of rain gardens and bio swales, a strong urban edge at the street front, plaza surfaces that transition from grey to green, green roofs, sun shading devices, permeable pave-ments, native vegetation, pedestrian pathways, and ecological-friendly building materials.
parc de la villette, paris, bernard tschumi
musée du quai branly, paris, jean nouvel
louvers, overhangs, and balconies
central bio-filtration swale
green roofspermeable parking
secondary network of rain gardens and bio swales
transitional plazas
15
stai
rwel
l rep
licat
ion
[form
z]
This exit-only stairway is located on the west end of the Design, Art, Architecture, and Planning (DAAP) building at the University of Cincinnati, Main Campus. The exterior stairwell provides nec-essary egress in case of an emergency. The stairwell connects three floors and departments with the ground level. Careful mea-surements, sketching, and photography aided in recreating the stairwell using Form Z 3D modeling, rendering, and animation software.
stairwell photo
16
med
ium
exp
lora
tion
[dra
wing
and
pai
ntin
g]
The selected images are examples of artwork that I produced from personal or published photographs. Special con-sideration is given to light, shadows, and reflections.
vontz center by frank gehry, colored pencil and water color
streetscape in mexico, india ink
vontz center by frank gehry, oil pastel
boathouse, water color
17
The concept of the dérive was established and practiced in the 1960s by Situationists in Paris. The term literally translates, to drift, and is notably different from a journey or stroll. In his 1956 essay, Theory of the Dérive, Guy Debord explains that “in a dérive one or more persons during a cer-tain period drop their relations, their work, and leisure activities and all their other usual motives for movement and action, and let themselves be drawn by the attractions of the terrain and the encounters they find there.”
The photo exploration above was inspired by the theory of the dérive. It documents the current conditions of depopulation and decay within the city of Detroit.
dériv
e [p
hoto
grap
hy]
18