Working Together for a Good Working Environment · Proud history, bright future. ©2019 KBR Inc....

Proud history, bright future.©2019 KBR Inc. All Rights Reserved.

David Edwards, KBR; Mette Mathiesen, Equinor

Working Together for a Good Working Environment

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Johan Sverdrup Living Quarters Sailaway & Installation

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Johan Sverdrup Living Quarters Topsides

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▪ Johan Sverdrup (JS) field development& Living Quarters (JSLQ) design and construction project

▪ What is Working Environment (WE)?▪ Why is WE important?

▪ Health & Safety Executive (HSE) statistics▪ Human Error

▪ Definition & Aspects of WE, JSLQ Challenges▪ Meeting the Challenges:

▪ Communication - WE Awareness and Mindset▪ Co-operation with the eventual Operators▪ Collaboration with Contractors and Client

▪ Aspects of the WE▪ Working with the Disciplines using the 3D model▪ Monitoring construction – inspection and fixing problems.

Agenda

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▪ The LQ platform is westernmost, connected to the Process platform

▪ Design & construction by K2JV:joint venture - KBR and Kværner

▪ Engineering Procurement & Construction (EPC) began June 2015, installation 22 March 2019

▪ Integrated project team:KBR, Kværner, Equinor, Leirvik

The Johan Sverdrup Field Development, Phase 1▪ Large oil field:

▪ 2.1 – 3.1 billion barrels oil equivalent

▪ Norwegian North Sea

▪ ~140 km west of Stavanger

▪ Equinor (40%), Lundin (23%), Petoro(17%), AkerBP (12%), Maersk Oil (8%)

▪ 4 bridge-linked platforms in Phase 1

▪ East: Drilling and Riser platforms

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https://leirvik.com/


Johan Sverdrup Living Quarters

LQ Utility Module systems,which serve the whole field:▪ 3 of 5 field firewater pumps▪ Fresh water▪ Diesel storage & filtration▪ Emergency compressed air▪ Emergency power▪ Evacuation helicopter & lifeboats▪ Search & rescue helicopter hangar▪ Central Control Room – field operation ▪ Telecommunications functions▪ 450 cabins, for 560 personnel on board▪ Field Centre workshops & stores

LQ platform topsides consists of two modules:▪ Utility Module (K2JV) – lower 3 decks▪ Accommodation Module (Leirvik subcontract) – upper 7 levels

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What is Working Environment (WE)?

Jobs with a Bad Working Environment

Deep Sea Fishing Coal mining

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Why is coal mining so bad?

Major hazards:▪ Fire, explosion – dust or gas, asphyxiation, drowning

▪ Thousands die in China every year – but improving

Occupational Health:▪ Cramped working conditions

▪ Exposure to dust – respiratory disease

▪ Many thousands die in China every yearmany more than due to major hazards

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Workplace deaths & injury (HSE)

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Work-related ill health 2017/18 (HSE)

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Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (HSE)

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Occupational lung disease (HSE)

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Costs to Britain (HSE)

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Human Error

▪ The most common contributory cause of accidents and exposures to hazardous substances is human error [HSE, 2019]

▪ ‘Not very helpful – it’s a bit like saying falls are due to gravity’ – Trevor Kletz

▪ Inherent safety tries to eliminate hazards

▪ Remove / reduce the opportunities for error by considering Human Factors & the WE

▪ ‘Try to change situations, not people.’ – Kletz

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It was a hard job for hard men

Now we recognise that:▪ human performance is enhanced

▪ human error is reduced(a root cause of major accidents)

by providing a good WE.

It was difficult enough to build and operate the facilities safely

Operator involvement in design is crucial.

Mandatory in Norway – by Act of Parliament

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Working Environment Definition

The totality of all physical, chemical, biological and

psychological factors at work that may affect the

employees’ health and wellbeing through acute

trauma or lasting exposure. The influences from

lasting exposure may be positive and / or negative.

Norwegian standard, Norsok S-002

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Aspects of Working Environment

▪ Access / Arrangement

▪ Biological

▪ Chemical

▪ Climate (indoors/outdoors)

▪ Ergonomics

▪ Human Factors

▪ Lighting

▪ Machinery

▪ Manual Handling

▪ Noise & Vibration (whole body, hand-arm)

▪ Organisational

▪ Phsychosocial

▪ Radiation (heat, electromagnetic and ionising

▪ Other (do not fit in to the above categories)

During construction and in the completed object

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WE Challenges on the JS ULQP

Designing and building a ‘hotel’ for a maximum POB

(Personnel On Board) of 560, including 110 cabins with

‘turnable’ beds and all rooms with en suite bathrooms and

a full field control suite for 5 platforms, all of which sits on

top of 3 decks of utility equipment but with noise levels

below 40dBA and 45 dBA, respectively.

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Meeting the Challenges

▪ Project 3Cs ethos:Communication, Co-operation & Collaboration

▪ Operator involvement throughout the project

▪ Human-centred design

▪ Multi-discipline reviews

▪ Using the 3-D model

▪ Work with the design disciplines

▪ WE Analyses

▪ Monitor construction

▪ Don’t try to please everyone!

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▪ You are designing a working facility and placing equipment that works in it

▪ ALSO, you are designing a place where people work

▪ The implications of an unsatisfactory Working Environment may be more serious than you might think

▪ As for Safety, you can’t rely on:“but they must follow procedures”

▪ WE awareness presentations were made to personnel in the various project centres:▪ Could you work there?

▪ Would you like to work there?

▪ Could you make it better?

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Communication - WE AwarenessDetector Access

Instil a WE mindset


▪ Provides guidance on Working Environment requirements in design.

▪ Summarises and ‘visualises’ Norsok S-002 and other standards requirements.

▪ Is not a substitute for these standards, which should be used for definitive requirements.

▪ Embedded Norwegian cultural values

Working Environment Engineering Handbook

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WE Yard Handbook

Fits into overall pockets

Concise representation of requirements,reference to applicable standards

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Co-operation with Operators - Who Do You Trust?

Graham Dalzell, ex BP23


Co-Operation with Operations

▪ S-002: There shall also be worker participation (the safety representative).

▪ Use employee knowledge and experience:▪ to highlight potential health, environment and safety issues, before decisions are taken▪ for employees to influence their future WE

▪ Equinor Operations personnel, many located in the project offices:▪ participated in all WE reviews of:

▪ the platform areas▪ equipment packages▪ specific items, eg lighting, fire and gas detectors access

▪ involved in WE inspections and verifications of the platform build

▪ Shared aim – the best possible WE on the platform:▪ K2JV because we wanted to do a good job and get further work▪ Equinor Operators, because they would have to operate the platform.

Close co-operation between operators and designers was part of the project execution plan and not just to satisfy regulatory requirements.

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Collaborative Working

▪ JSLQ detail design and construction project was set-up with an integrated team of K2JV, Leirvik AS and Equinor personnel

▪ Shared aim of designing and building a great platform

▪ Mutual respect between people from the 3 organisations developed through the project

▪ We all trusted each other, and many friendships were forged across the organisational boundaries

▪ Many workshops:▪ multi-disciplinary team from contractors and client;▪ review the 3D computer model and documents for:

▪ technical safety,▪ Working environment,▪ layout, etc.

▪ The availability of the 3D model to all and the ability of disciplines to use it in their work was very powerful.

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(Bad) Valve / Instrument Access

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Human-Centred Design

Human-centred design is an approach to interactive systems development that aims to make systems usable and useful by focusing on the users, their needs and requirements, and by applying human factors / ergonomics, usability knowledge, and techniques. This approach enhances effectiveness and efficiency, improves human well-being, user satisfaction, accessibility and sustainability; and counteracts possible adverse effects of use on human health, safety and performance.ISO 9241-210:2010(E)

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▪Highlight requirements, which the supplier may have missed

▪Stop serious issues making it through to fabrication

▪An opportunity to ensure that company, contractor and supplier are aligned on how the package is to be operated / maintained

Equipment Package WE Reviews

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▪ Complete and detailed area review, focusing on:▪ Access & ergonomics

▪ Personnel occupational safety

▪ More in-depth review of maintenance tasks than WEHRA

▪ Why is it important?▪ Provides a much more in-depth review than

the 30 / 60% model reviews made by Layouts

▪ Early reviews are a good introduction for discipline designers to WE access requirements

WE 3D Model Review

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▪ Sampling

▪ Floor screed – application & maintenance

▪ Hypochlorite

▪ Detergent

▪ Biocide

▪ Radiation▪ Electromagnetic; and

▪ Ionising

▪ Biological

Chemical (and other) Exposure

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Use closed systems


If wind chill is too high, work stops

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Noise contours – detail on facilityWill it be noisy?

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WE Inspections - Equipment

▪ What is a WE Inspection?▪ Formal confirmation of WE requirement

compliance▪ Examines equipment once it is mechanically

mostly complete to ensure that key requirements are met

▪ Why is it important?▪ It can be difficult to judge the acceptability of

complex arrangements on a screen▪ Smaller elements, such as tubing or cable

trays are not always included in computer models but can affect maintainability

▪ It ensures that actions from the 3D review are completed

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Platform Inspection Findings▪ Majority of the remaining issues in the WE

of the built ULQP were about:▪ Access or the lack of it, caused by obstructions

▪ Trips and strikes, mostly on protruding objects

▪ Pinches and sharp edges, with most pinches due to valve handles

▪ Gaps for things or people to fall through or causing trips

▪ Many more issues caused by valves than any other equipment type.

▪ Issues were fixed as discovered,verified by Equinor Operations personnel.

No major issues discovered

– good design work!34


▪ You can’t have everything

▪ What’s wrong with the‘Pompidou Centre’ solution?

▪ However, ceilings should:▪ Meet fire rating – non-negotiable

▪ Accommodate required lighting

▪ Absorb noise

▪ No exposure to e.g.: fibres & glue

▪ Allow access, through hatches or demountable panels

▪ Look good

▪ Many conflicts, need to prioritise

Don’t Try To Please Everybody

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THE ENDQuestions?

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Date post:	29-May-2020
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