Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor

WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION LEGISLATION IN THE UNITED STATESSource: Monthly Review of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Vol. 1, No. 3 (SEPTEMBER,1915), p. 45Published by: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of LaborStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/41823873 .

Accessed: 19/05/2014 03:00

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.

.

Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve andextend access to Monthly Review of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

http://www.jstor.org

This content downloaded from 193.104.110.11 on Mon, 19 May 2014 03:00:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL FEATURES FEATURES PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL FEATURES FEATURES < PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL FEATURES FEATURES PRINCIPAL PRINCIPAL FEATURES FEATURES <

How election is made. States, etc. Industri« covert. eS^d^Ä^t. Suit» lor damage« ar* Specii Hy employer.

j I?y employee.

I'-omprnamtion, mÍ0ctip«. Alaska. Ch. 71. Approved Minine operations (in- I*resumed in ri!> Presumed in ab- Assumed risks, fellow Not permitted after elee- W&ivei Apr. ?.), 1915. In effect July eluding mills, ovens. sence of written senee of written service, contributory tkm under the act. den. 28. 1915. and reduction wortrs) notice filed with notice served on negligence unless willful in which 5 or more United States employer and or due to intoxication. pernos are employed. commissioner filed with United States commis- sioner. Colorado (compulsory as to All except domestic und Presumed in ah- Presumed in a 1> - Assumed risks, fellow do Act I State and municipalities). Ch. farm labor in which 4 sence of written sence of notice to service, and contribu- wh er Approved Apr. 10, 1015. or more persons are notice to commis- employer in writ- tory negligence. In effect Aug. 1, 1915. employed (casual em- sion; notice of ac- ing. ployees excepted).1 ceptance or rejec- tion to be posted. Connecticut. Ch. 138. Ap- All in which 5 or more Presumed in ab- Presumed in ab- do Not permitted after elect- Appro proved May 29. 1913. In ef- persons are employed sence of written sence of written ing compensation. may fee t Jan. 1, 1914. Amended, (outworkers and cas- notice. notice. ted. ch. 288, 1915. uai employees ex- cepted).' ntimoia (compulsory as to State All (casual employees Presumed as to I 'resumed in ab- Assumed risks, fellow serv- do Empio and municipalities). 1'. 314. and those not exposed employers in des- sence of written ice, and contributory sure« Approved «June 10,' 1911. In to hasards of employ- ignated extrahas- notice, if employ- negligence, as to em- ben el effect May 1, 1912. New act, men ts excepted). ardous employ- er elects. ployers in designated ex- may June 28, 1913. Amended, p. - , menta in absence tra haaardous enroloy- liabil 1915. of written notice; - ments(all work on (arms, law. other employers etc.,exoepted). file notice. ladiaaa (compulsory as to State All except domesUb and Presumed in ab- Presumed in ab- Contributory negligence, do do. and municipalities). Ch. 106. farm labor (casual sence of written sence of written fellow service, and as- Approved Mar. 8, 1915. In employees excepted). notice, posted or notice served on sumed risks. effect Sept. 1, 1915. served, and flled employer and filed with industrial with industrial board. board. Iowa (compulsory as to Sute do Presumed in ab- Presumed in ab- Assumed risks and fellow do Appro and municipalities). Ch. 147. sence of notice sence of written service; contributory may Approved Apr. 18, 1913. In posted in estab- notice to e m - negligence unless will- ted, 1 effect July 1, 1914. lishment and ployer and in- ful. tion flled with indus- dustrial commis- allow trial commis- sioner. sioner. Kansas. Ch. 218. Approved " Especially dangerous" Presumed in ab- Presumed in ab- Assumed risks and fellow do Appro May II. 1911. In effect Jan. 1 , (enumerated list) sence of notice sence of written service; contributory may , 1913. Amended, ch. 216, 1913. where 5 or more posted in estab- notice filed with negligence to be meas- tuted I workmen are e m - lishment and secretary of ured. ployed.1 filed with secre- state. tary of state. Tunisian« (compulsory as to "Hazardous" (enumer- Presumed in ab- Presumed in ab- Assumed risks, fellow do No co State and municipalities). No. ated I ist, or as agreed sence of written sence of written service, and oon tribu- reliei 20. Approved June 18, 1914. or decided by court); notice to em- notice to em- tory negligence. bil it j In effect Jan. h 1915. others by. voluntary ployee. ployer. contract. Maine (compulsory as to State, All except domestic and Writing filed with Presumed if em- As above, except for em- do Existir cilios, and counties). Ch. 295. agricultural labor commission and ployer elects; in ployers of not over 5 per- schei Approvod Apr. 1, 1915. In (casual employees ex- posted in estab- absence of written sons, and in logging op»- conti effect Jan. 1, 1916. oepted). lishment. notice to employ- e rat ions waivi er filed with com- ' mission. Michigan (compulsory as to All (casual employees Writing flled with Presumed in ab- Assumed risks, fellow serv- Not permitted after elect- Forbid Statf and municipalities). No. excepted). accident board. sence of written ice, and contributory Ing compensation, un- 10. Approved Mar. 20, 1912. In notice, if em- ; negligence, except in less employer is in de- effoct Sept. 1, 1912. Amended ployer elects. suits by aomestic and fault on insurance pre- Noe. 50,^9. 156, 2S9, 1913; 10«, ! farm Úboren. i miums. 153. 170, 171, 1915. ' ' Minnesota. Ch. 4G7. Approved AU except st eu in rail- Presumed in ab- Presumed in ab- Assumed risks and fellow Not permitted after elect- Empio Apr. 24, 1913. In effect Oct. 1, roads and domestic sence of notice sence of notice service; contributory ing compensation. sure« 1913. Amended, Chs. 198, 209, and agricultural labor pasted in estab- to employer and negligence unless will- benei 1915. (casual employees ex- lishment and filed with com- ful. may cepted). filed with com- ' missiõner of la- liabil missioner of la- ' bor. law. bor. Montana (compulsory as to pub- " Inherently hacardous" Writing flled with Presumed in ab- Contributory negligence, do Waivei lie corporations and contractors (extensive list); agri- accident board sence of written : fellow service, and a»- den; therewith). Ch. 96. Approved cultural, domestic, and and posted in notice to em- ¡ sumed risks. may Mar. 8, 1915. In effect July 1, casual employees ex- place of business. ployer and flled i taine 1915. cepted. with board. | Vebraska. Ch. 198. Approved All employing 5 or more Presumed in ab- Presumed in ab- Assumed risks and fellow do Forbid Apr. 21,1913. Inéffect/uly 17, workmen, except rail- sence of notice sence of notice to service; contributory 1913. roads in interstate posted in estab- .employerand filed negligence unless willful. commerce and domes- lishment and flled wiui insurance tic and agricultural with insuranoe commissioner. labor (casual employ- commissioner. ees and outworkers excepted). Mew Hampshire. Ch. 163. Ap- "Dangerous" (enumer- Writing filed with By accepting com- None (assumed risks, fel- Permitted in lieu of com- proved Apr. 15, 1911. Is effect ated list). commissioner of pensatlcn or be- lowserrice,andcontrib- pensa tion. Jan. 1, 1912. labor. ginning proceed- utory negligence re- mgs under the stricted by liability pro- act. visions of statute). Mew Jersey (compulsory as to All (casual employees Presumed in absence Presumed in absence Assumed risks and fellow Not permitted after elect- No sub S tat« and municipalities). Ch. excepted). of written notice of written notice service; contributory ing compensation. ment 95. Approved Apr. 4, 1911. In to employees. to employer. negligence unless will- effect J«ly 4, 1911. Amended, . ful. ch. 174, 1913; 244, 1914. Penns7tatnla (compulsory as to All exoeot agricultural Presumed in ab- Presumed in ab- Fellow service, assump- do Forbid* State and municipalities), No. and domestic labor sence of notice sence of written tion of risk, contribu- 338. Approved June 2, 1915. (casual employees ex- posted in estab- notice to employer tory negligcnce unless In efffcet Jan. 1, 1916. oepted). lishment, given and flled with due to Intoxication or employee, and compensation bu- recklessness.* filed with com- reau. pensa tion bureau. Khode Island. Ch. 8S1. Ap- All employing more Writing flled with Presumed in ab- Assumed risks, fellow do Approv proved Apr. 20, 1912. In effect than 5 workmen, ex- commissioner of sence of written service, and contribu- may Oct. 1, 1912. Amended, ch. cept in domestic serv- industrial statis- notice, if em- tory negligence. tuted 937, 1913; 1268, 191& ice and agriculture tics. ployer elects. tion ( casual employees and allow* those earning over $1,800 exoeptea). Tuaoit Ch. 164. Approved All in which more than Presumed in ab- Presumed in ab- do do No co Apr. 1, 191&. Ik effect July 1, 10 persons are em- sence of written senc4 M written rei lev 1915. ployed (domestic and agreement or no- agreement or no- casuál employees and nee IS the con- tice. those earning over' trary; municipal- Si ,500 annually ex- ities vote. cep ted). > Wisconsin (compulsory as to the All (casual employees Presumed as to Presumed in ab- Assumed risks; also fellow do Insurai State and municipalities). Ch. excepted). employers of 4 or sence of written service and contributory scher 50. Approvod May 3, 1911. In more persons notioe to em- negligence unless will- ted, I effect same date. Amended, (except farmers ployer, if em- ful, if 4 or more employ- tion< chs, 599,707,1913:121,241,316, and railroads) in ployer elects, ex- ees (does not apply to lowe<

This content downloaded from 193.104.110.11 on Mon, 19 May 2014 03:00:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

3PAL FEATURES OF LAWS RELATING TO WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION AND INSU1

pflfi Suits for damafts ar#- Special contracts. Security of payments. contínua- Death. Total disability.

Not permitted after elee- Waivers are forbid- Employ« Attachment may be had Mora than 2 week», 13,000 to widow or minor <3,000, 11,900 additi« tkm under the act. den. pending result of action, but if for 8 weeks orphan; 9000 to each wile, and WOO for or employer may de- or more, payments child under 16 and to de- child under 16. I posit cash or bona with ran from date of pendent parents, 16,000 married, WOO for oourt. injury- maximum. If single, dependent parent. <1,300 to each dependent total to WToeed <6,0 parant; no dependent«. not over <300 funeral and other expenses. do Act is exclusive do Employer must insure in More than 3 weeks.. 80 per cent of weekly 50 per oent of w< where available. State fund or stock or wages, <8 maximum, for wages during ten mutual tympany, or 6 years, total not above maximum, <S i give proof of solvency. <2,500 nor less than mum; füll wages i <1,000; no dependants, than«. <100. Not permitted after elect- Approved schemes do Employer must give More than 10 days... <100 funeral expenses; 60 SO per cent of earning ing compensation. may be subrtitu- proof of solvency or in- per cent of wages for 312 not over 530 week ted. sure risks. weeks; <6 minimum, <10 minimum, <10 i maximum. mum. do Employer may in- do Employer must rive M?re Ü»«*» • *Sfk* 4 years' earamn; <1,650 50 per cent of weekly sure or maintain a proof of financial ability, mg days; men minimum, <3,500 maxi- ings for 8 years; <6 benefit fund, but furnish security, insure, compensation mum; no dependents, mum, <12 maxii may not reduce or make other provision. from eighth day; uso. up to <3,500.' liability fixed by from second day of law. disability If total and permanent. do do do Employ« must insure In w <100 funeral expenses; 50 55 per cent of wagi absence of proof of sol- More w than 2 weeks. . per cent of wages tor 300 500 weeks; <5 minta vency. weeks; <5 minimum, <12 <12 maximum; toti maximum. over <5,000. do Approved schemes do Employer must give Funeral expenses not 50 per cent of wages ü may be substitu- proof of solvency or in d0 over <100; 50 per cent of weeks: <5 mtnlmni ted, but no reduc- sure risks. wages for 300 weeks; <5 maximum. t ion of liability minimum, <10 maxi- allowed. mum. do Approved schemes do Bond may be required to . 3 years' earnings; <1.200 50 per cent of wt may be substi- secure lump sums ao minimum, <3.600 max- earnings; <6 minii tu ted. awarded by court. In- imum; no dependents, <15 maximum, foi surers have rights and <100. more than 8 years- duties of insured em- ployers. do No contract may do Claims have same prefer- . <100 funeral and last sick- 50 per cent of w relieve from lia enee as wage debts. ao ness; 25 to 50 per cent of wages; <3 minimus bility. weekly wages until maximum, for not death or remarriage of 400 weeks. spouse, or child reaches age of 18. do Existing approved do Employer must insure or . 50 per cent of wages for 50 per cent of wag« schemes may be give proof of solvency ao 300 weeks; <4 minimum, ! 500 weeks; <4 minu continued; n o and make deposit or <10 maximum; no de- ; <10 maximum; toti waivers allowed. give bond. pendents, <200. over <3.000. Not permitted after elect- Forbidden do Employer must give proof „ ̂ .. „ 50 per cent of wares for 50 per cent of wag« ing compensation, un- of financial ability or „ ̂ 300 weeks; <4 minimum, ¡ not over 500 weel less employer is in de- procure State, mutual. (payment nrom no maximum; no de- minimum, <10 i fault on Insurance pre- or private insurance, if ííífv.ní.j à 8 pendents, <200. , mum. total not t m turns. insolvent, claims are a weeks 8 ceed >4,000. first lien. weeks or more). Not permitted after elect- Employer may In- do If insu ed employer is in- M__ lMn t. „ WMI . . <100 funeral expenses; 25 I 50 per cent of wages f< ing compensation. sure or maintain a solvent, claimants have M__ t. lMn „ WMI . - to 60 per cent of wages weeks; <6.50 minii I benefit fund, but lien on proceeds of for 300 weeks; <6.50 mini- <11 maximum; noi may not reduce policy. mum, <11 maximum. < <6.50 thereafter fo liability fixed by weeks; total not law. 85,000. d® Waivers are forbid- On employer, ex- Employer must give proof A- a <75 funeral expenses; 30 to ¡ 50 per cent of wagest den; hospital fund cept that hospital of solvency or insure in a A- 50 per cent of wages for weeks; Wmlnunui may be main- fund may be joint. company or with State 400 weeks, <6 minimum, maximum; <5 ther tained. fund. <10 maximum. if permanent. do Forbidden Employer If insured employer is Unra thš_ « <100 funeral expenses; 50 50 per cent of wag« insolvent, claims are per cent of wages for 350 300 weeks; SSminir enforceable directly L. Il ,f weeks; <5 minimum, <10 <10 maximum, thi against the company. dlsabilitv lasts 8 maximum. per cent of wages d

Permitted in lieu of com- do Employer must give proof Mcr" * 0 k. 150 times weekly earnings, 50 per cent of av pensa tion. of financ ial ability or Mcr" u"n * 0 k. • not more than <3,000; no weekly earnings; i give bond. dependents, <100. mum. <10 for not than 300 weeks. Not permitted after elect- No substitute agree- do Compensation pavments <100 funeral expenses; 35 50 per cent of wages ft ing compensation. ments valid. are preferred claims on to 60 per cent of wages weeks; <5 minimun assets of employer. for 3CĎ weeks; <5 min- maximum. imum, <10 maximum. do Forbidden do Employer must insure in ¿ 0 <100 funeral expenses; 15 50 per cent of wage State fund, stock or to 60 percent of wages 500 weeks; <5minii mutual company, or for 300 weeks; basic <10 maximum; toti give proof or financial wages not less than <10 over <4,000. ability. nor more than <20 per week. do Approved schemes do Payments are a claim su- j0 50 per cent of weekly 50 per cent of earn ini may be substi- perior to unsecured wages for 300 weeks; <4 not over 500 weel tu ted; no reduc- debts. - minimum, <10 maxi- minimum, <10 m tion of liability mum; no dependents, mum. allowed. $300. do No contract may do Employer must insure, do <75 funeral expenses; 15 50 per cent of wages fc relieve of liability. give security, or proof ol to 45 per cent of wages weeks (board may financial ability. for 2»>0 weeks, total not 52); <3 minimum, I ovar $2.500: basic wages maximum ; total not less than <5 nor more i over<4,00U. than <25. 1 do Insurance or other do Employer must give proof More than 1 week •• y®ars' earnings, but | 05 per cent oř wag« schemes permit- offinancial ability or in- (navment for first amount added to prior nurse is required, ted, but no reduc- sure risks. week if fiisahilitv disability payments per cent after 90 < tion of liability at- lasts week more if fiisahilitv than 4 may not exceed payments b years ' | per no total to exoe< <

lowed. earn in es: no denend- : vears' earnines.

This content downloaded from 193.104.110.11 on Mon, 19 May 2014 03:00:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

ATION AND INSURANCE.

Compensation for - NonmHeot alien i j Tim« for notice and claim. Disput«* settled by- bmActeto of de- ath. Total disability. Partial disability. j I Medical and surgical aid. OMMd workman.

low or minor <3,000, 11,300 additional if Fixed sums for specified Notice in 130 days; claim Courts MOO to each wile, and W00 for each injuries, varying with in 3 years. rl6andtode- child ander 10. If un- conjugal condition and •raits, 96,000 married, WOO for each number of children. i. If aingle, dependent parent. No ich dependent total to exceed 16,000. ►dependents. <300 funeral <300 funeral expenses. t of weekly 60 per cent of weekly 50 per cent of wage loss; Durine first SO days, not Notice in 30 days; claim in Industrial oommia- One-third benefits, naximum, for wages during term, S8 $8 maximum; total not over <100 unless existing 1 year. sion; limited ap- not over tl ,000. ital not above maximum, SS mini- over <3.080: fixed scale approved hospital peal to oourts. f lesa than mum; füll wages if leas for specified injuries. scheme is continued. > dependents, than <S. expenses; 50 50 per cent of earnings for 50 per cent of wage de- Such as physician may Notice at once; claim in 1 Compensation com- Half rates, except m F wages for 313 not over 530 weeks: <5 crease; <10 maximum, dean reasonable and year. missioners; appeal to residents of Can- minimum, <10 minimum, <10 maxi- for not over 313 weeks; necessary. to oourts. ada or dependan- i. mum. fixed rates for specified ries of the United injuriM. Statte. rumas; 11,650 50 per cent of weekly earn- 50 per cent of wage de- During first 8 weeks, not Notice as soon as prac- Arbitrators for each , <3,500 maxi- ings for 8 years; M mini- crease; <12 maximum, over <200; physician or ticable. not later than 30 case, subject to re- dependents, mum, <13 maximum, for not more than 8 surgeon during disa- days; claim in 6 months. view by industrial up to <3,500.* years: fixed rates for bility unless employee board and appeal specified injuries. prefers his own. to courts.

expenses; 50 55 per cent of wages for 50 per cent of wage loss for During first 30 days Notice in 30 days; claim Industrial board; r wages for 300 500 weeks; <5 minimum, not over 300 weeks; no in 2 years. limited appeal to minimum, $12 <13 maximum; total not wagea considered as courts. i. over <6,000. above <24 nor less than <10; schedule for speci- fied injuries. (penses not 50 per cent of wages for 400 Fixed rates for specified During first 2 weeks; not Notice in 15 days; if in 30 Industrial oommia- 50 per cent of weeks: <5 minimum, <10 injuries; proportionate over <100, including bur- days, not barred except sioner and two 300 weeks; <5 maximum. for others; <5 minimum, ial if iqjury was fatal. as to extent employer others as arbitra- , <10 maxi- <10 maximum. was prejudiced; bar ab- tors; limited ap- solute after 90 days. peal to oourts. rnings; <1.300 50 per cent of weekly 25 to 50 percent of weekly Only if employee dies Notice in 10 days; claim Local committees or <750 ex- . <3,600 max- earnings; <6 minimum. earnings; <3 minimum. leaving no dependents. in 6 months. arbitrators; court cept to residents » dependents, <15 maximum, for not <12 maximum, for not review allowed. of Canada. more than 8 years- more than 8 years. and last sick- 50 per cent of weekly 50 per cent of wage de- During first 2 weeks; not Notice of accident in 15 Courts; agreements 1 50 per cent of wages; <3 minimum, <10 crease: <10 maximum, over <100. days, of death in 30 days; between employ- wages until maximum, for not over for not over 300 weeks: claim in 6 months. er and employee remarriage of 400 weeks. Axed rates for specified must be approved child reaches injuries. by courts. of wages for 50 per cent of wages for do During first 2 weeks not Notice in 30 days; claim in Industrial accident Half rates except m <4 minimum, ! 500 weeks; <4 minimum, over <30 unless ordered 1 year. commission; limi- to residents ofCan- num; no de- ; <10 maximum; totalnot by commission. ted appeal to ada. <300. over <3.000. courts. of wares for 50 per cent of wages for 50 per cent of wage de- During first 3 weeks Notice in 3 months; claim Industrial accident Included. <4 minimum, not over 500 weeks; <4 crease, <10 maximum, in 6 months. board; arbitration; mum; no de- minimum, <10 maxi- for not over 300 weeks; appeal to su- <200. ! mum, total not to ex- fixed rates for specified preme court. !

j ceed <4,000. injuries.

I expensee; 25 j 50 per cent of wages for 400 | 50 per cent of wage de- During first 90 days; not Notice in 14 days: if in 30 Courts Included. cent of wages weeks; <6.50 minimum, crease for 300 weeks: over <100, or by order of days, not baned except ks; <6.50 mint- »11 maximum; not over j <6.50 minimum, <11 court, <300. as to extent employer maximum. <6.50 thereafter for ISO maximum; fixed rates was prejudiced; barab- weeks; total not over 1 for specified injuries. soluto after 90 days. : <5,000. X penses: 30to : 50 per cent of warns tor 400 50 per cent of wage loss for ¡ During first 2 weeks, not Notice in AO days, claim in Industrial accident Excluded, except ;t of wages for weeks; <6 minimum, <10 150 weeks: benefits and over <50 unless there is 6 months. board; apieal * to half benefits to wife $6 minimum, maximum; <5 thereafter wages to be not leas than hospital fund. courts. * or children under íum. if permanent. <6; fixed rates for speci- ¡ 16 yean, fled injuries. , treaty provides expenses; 50 50 per cent of wages for 50 per cent of wage de- During first 3 weeks; not Notice as soon as prac- Arbitrators or dis- Included (widows, ' wages for 350 300 weeks; <5 minimum crease: <10 maximum. to exceed <200. ticable; claim in fi trict court of children, and par- ninimum, <10 <10 maximum, then 40 for 300 weeks: fixed months; petitions filed county. ents only). per cent of wages during rates for specified in- in court i£ 1 year. life; <4 minimum, $8 juries. 1 maximum. skly earnings, 50 per cent of average ; 50 per cent of wage loss: j Only if employee dies Notice as soon as prac- Proceedings in Beneficiaries must be han <3,000; no weekly earnings; maxi- maximum. »10 per week, ¡ leaving no dependents. ticable and before leav- equity. residents of State. £,<100. mum, <10 for not more I not more than 300 weeks. < ing service; claim in 6 than 300 weeks. ( ! months. expenses; 35 50 per cent of wages for 400 Fixed scale for specified During first 2 weeks; not Notice in 14 days; if in 30 Judges of court of Excluded. cent of wages weeks; <5 minimum, »10 Injuries: others prcpor- | over <50. days not barred except common pleas; »ks; <5 min- maximum. j tionate. as to extent employer limited appeal to maximum. i was prejudiced, but ab- supreme court. solute after 90 days; ! I claim in 1 v ear expenses; 15 50 per cent of wages for 50 per cent of wage loss; During first 14 days, not Notice in 14 days; claim in Workmen's com- Two-thirds baefits sent of wages 500 weeks; <5 minimum. <10 maximum, for not over »25, unless major 1 year. pensation board to widows and weeks; basic <10 maximum; total not over 300 weeks; fixed I operation, then <75. and referees; ap- children ;othen ex- leas than <10 over <4,000. scale for specified in- ! peal to courts. eluded. than <30 per juries. , t of weekly 50 per cent of earnings for do Reasonable services for Notice in 30 days; claim Courts in summary 300 weeks; »4 not over 500 weeks; »4 first 2 weeks; maximum in 1 year. proceedings. <10 maxi- minimum, <10 maxi- <200 in fatal cases with dependents, mum. no dependents, includ- ing burial. expenses; 15 50 per cent of wages for 200 j 50 per cent of wage loss; »10 j During first 14 days, not Notice as soon as practi- Industrial accident tent of wages weeks (board may add maximum, for 5 yrars: I over »75. cable; claim in 6 months. board; appeal to eks, total not 52); »3 minimum, »12..V) | fixed scale for specified courts. I: basic wages maximum ; total not ' mjuriis. 1 m <5 nor more j over<4,U0U. ' | arnings, but ¡ («ó per cent of wages; if | G5 per oent of wage de- ¡ For not more than 90 Notice in 30 days; claim in Industrial commis- Included. ided to prior nurse is required, 100 crease; no total to ex- : days. 2 years. sion; appeal to payments per cent after «0 days; I ceed 4 years' earnings; ! courts. ïceed t> years' | no total to exceed 6 I fixed rates for specified ¡ no denend- vears' earnines. I injuries. i

This content downloaded from 193.104.110.11 on Mon, 19 May 2014 03:00:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

proved Apr. SO, 1912. In effect than 5 workmen, ex- commissioner of sen ce of written service, and con tribu- may Oct. 1, 1912. Amended, ch. cept in domestic serv- industrial statis- notice, if em- tory neeligeooe. tu ted 937, 1913; 1288, 191& ice and agriculture tics. ployer elects. tion ( casual employees and allow* those earning over S1.M0 excepted). Vermont. Ch. 164. Approved All in which more than Presumed in ab- Presumed in ab- do do No co Apr. 1, 1916. Di effect July 1, 10 persons are em- sence of written senc4 M written reliev 1915. ployed (domestic and agreement or no- agreement or no- rasiiãT employees and tne 15 lhe con- tice. those earning over' trary; municipal- It, 500 annually ex- i ties vote. cep ted). ' Wisconsin (compulsory as to the All (casual employees Presumed as to Presumed in ab- Assumed risks; also fellow do Insurai State and municipalities). Ch. excepted). employers of 4 or sence of written service and contributory scheu M. Approved May 3, 1911. In more persons notioe to em- negligence unless will- ted, t effect same date. Amended, , (exoept farmers ployer, if em- ful, if 4 or more employ- tion < chs, 599, 707, 1913: 121, 241, 316, and railroads) in ployer elects, ex- ees (does not apply to lowe< 369, 378, 462, 1915. absence of notice cept on railroads, farm labor). filed with indus- where aoeeptance trial commission; must be in writ- other employers ing. file notice. Compensation, compulmorg. Alteon*. Ch. 14 (extra ses- "Especially dangerous" Permitted in lieu of com- Permit sion). Approved Jane 8, 1912. (enumerated list); pensa tion. pense In effect Sept. 1, 1912. New elective as to all vided act, May 13, 1913. others. ^ that < California. Ch. 399. Approved All exoept domestic and Permitted in lieu of com- Empio1 Apr. 8, 1911. In efisot Sept. l, agricultural labor pensa tion if employer sure' 1911. New act. May 26, 1913. (casual employees ex- was personally grossly aben Amended, chs. 541, 007, 662, oqpted); elective as to negligent. may 1915. excepted abuses. liabil ||W Canal Zoa*. Executive Order, All employees on Pana- Not permitted Mar. 20, 1914. In effeot Apr. L ma Canal or Railroad. 1914. Hawai. No. 221. Approved All industrial employ- Forbidden No wat Apr. 28, 191&. In effect July i, ment (casual employ- IMS. «es exoepted). ■aiylaad. Ch. SOO. Approved Extrahazardous («u- Permitted in lieu of cran- Forbid« Apr. 10, 1814. In efleot Nov. mera ted list); elective pensation if accident 1914. as to others. Farm caused by deliberate in- and domestic labor, tent at employer. country blacksmiths, etc.; casual employees and those reoeiving * over $2,000 excluded. MewTork. Ch. 816. Approved Hazardous em ploy- Permitted if employer do. Dec. 16. 1913. In effect July 1, ments (extensive list); fails to secure payment 1914. Amended, chs. 41, 316, domestic and agricul- of compensation; de- 1914; 167, 168, 615, 674, 1915. turai labor excluded. fenses of fellow service, assumed risks, and con- tributory negligence ab- rogated. OUahoauu Ch.-. Approved "Haxardous" (enume- do Waiver Mar. 22, 1915. In effect Sept. rated list and general lowed 1, 1915. clause) in which more sehen than 2 persons are em- ployed (nonfatal acci- dents only). United States. 35 Stat.. 556. Artisans and mechanics Government can not be Waiver Approved May 30, 1908. In In certain classesof em- sued. effect Aug. 1, 1908. Amended, ployments; all persons chs. 57, 255, 390, 1911-1?. In hazardous employ- ment In certain outers.

/neurone«, «tecMce. Massachusetts. Ch. 751. Ap- All (employees not in By subscribing to Presumed in ab- Assumed risks, fellow Not permitted after elee- Employ proved July 28, 1911. In effect usual course of trade, State associa- sence of written service, and contribu- tion of Insurance ays- sure July 1, 1912. Amended, chs. etc., excepted). tion or insuring notice, if em- tory negligence, except tem. ized < 671, 1912; 696, 746, 1913;338,708, in other com- ployer insures. in *nd farm State; 1914;123,275,314,1915. pany. labor. Varada (compulsory as to State All except domestic and Presumed, in ab- Presumed, in ab- Assumed risks and fellow Not permitted after em- Forbidd and municipalities). Ch. 183. agricultural labor. sence of notice sence of notice servioe; contributory plover's election, unless Approved Mar. 24, 1911. In posted in eetab- to employer and negligence except will- ne is in default on pre- «fleet July 1, 1911. New act, lishment and filed with com- fuT mhims. Mar. 15, 1913. Amended, oh. filed with com- mission. 190, 1915. mission. Ot»foi. Ch. 112. Approved Hazardous (enumerated Presumed in hazard- Presumed in ab- do Permitted if injury was Feb. 25. 1913. In effect July 1, list).' ous employments sence of written due to employer's fail- 1913. Amended, oh. 271, 1915. in absence of no- notice, if em- ure to comply with tice posted in ployer elects. safety laws or his inter- est a b 1 1 s hment tion to injure, or em- and filed with ployer is m default on commission; tnsuranoe premiums. Other employers file acceptance. Tasas. Ch. 179. Approved Apr. Employers of more than Bv subscribing to No option Assumed risks and fellow Not permitted against No wai' 16,1913. In effect dept. 1,1913. 5 persons, exoept rail- State association service; contributory employers accepting in- ted: ways, cotton gins or insuring in negligence to be meas- surance system except with and domestic and other company ured. for willful or gross neg- panies agricultural labor and notifying em- ligence causing death. formt (casual employees ex- ployees. cepted). West Virginia. Ch. 10. Ap- AU except domestic and By payment of Remaining in serv- Assumed risks, fellow serv- Not permitted after em- Not pen proved Feb. 22, 1913. In effect agricultural labor (cas- premium and ice with notice of ice, contributory negli- plover's election, unless appro1* Oct. 1. 1913. mended, chs. ual employees ex- posting notice. employer's elee- gence, and negligence of ne Is in delimit on pre- ersma ,-,1915. cepted). tion. statutory employee. m turns or injury was and < due to his intent to in- risk, jure. Inaurane*, compulsory.

Ohio. P. 524. Approved June All employing 5 or more Permitted if injury was Approve 15,1911. In effect Jan. 1, 1912. workmen; elective as due to willful act of em- or insi Amended, pp. 72, 396, 1913; 193, to others (casual em- ployer, his failure to mitted "M4- ployees excepted). comply with safety law, tribute or if hie is in default on fund ol premiums. Washington. Ch. 74. Approved "Extrahazardous" Permitted in addition to Forbidd* Mar. 14. 1911. In effect Oct. 1, (enumerated list); insurance benefits if ln- 1911. Amended ch. 148, 1913; elective as to all jury resulted from de- ch. 188, 1915. others. liberate Intention of employer. Wromiag. Ch. 124. Approved "Extrahazardous" Not permitted No redu* Pteb. 27, 1915. In effect Apr. l, (enumerated list) in bilityi 1915. which 5 or more per- sons are employed.

■ Other employers may elect, bat lose no defenses if they do not. 4 418 -15. (To face page 45.) 1 If complete disability still contkmes ttasn a compensation during life, equal annually to 8 per cent of the death b

This content downloaded from 193.104.110.11 on Mon, 19 May 2014 03:00:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

«« Approvo« noma uo i-aymenis are a ciaun su- j0 oh per ceni 01 weemy au per cent 01 earn mi may be substJ- perior to unsecured wages for 300 weeks; $4 not over 500 weel tuted; no reduc- debts. - minimum, tlO maxi- minimum, S10 m tion of liability mum; no dependents, mum. allowed. S 300. No contract may do Employer must insure, do $75 funeral expenses; 15 50 per cent of wages fc relieve of liability. give security, or proof of to 45 per cent of wages weeks (board may financial ability. for 2»-0 weeks, total not 52); S3 minimum, I •v«f $3.500: basic wages maximum; total not less than 15 nor more over$4,uuu. than <25. 1 do Insurance or other do Employer must give proof More than l week * years' earnings, but ¡ (>5 per cent of wag< schemes permit- offinancial ability or in- (navment for first amount added to prior nurse is required, ted, but no reduo sure risks. week if dis*hilitT disability payments per cent after «0 < ted, tion of liability no al- sure risks. ÄmoÄ^ week if dis*hilitT 4 disability may not exceed payments b years' per no total cent after to exoe. «0 <

lowed. weeks* earnings; no depend- years' earnings. ente, $100.

Permitted in lieu of com- Permitted if com- do Judgments awarding com- * least 2 weeks- 2.400 times one-half the 50 per cent of avi pensa tion. pensa tion is pro- pensa tion have same * then "tfrmnna- daily wages; $4,000 max- semimonthly earn vided not less than preference as wage debts. »ion from daüTof imum; no dependents, during disability, that of the act. accident. medicai and burial ex- to exoeed $4,000. Permitted in lieu of com- Employer may in- do Payments have same pref- More than 2 weeks 3 ̂ars' earnings; $1,000 65 per cent of wages h pensa tion if employer sure or maintali erence as wage debts. minimum. $5,000 max- weeks, then 40 per was personally grossly a benefit fond, but imum; no dependents, for life. negligent. may not reduce lioo. »ability fixed by Not permitted do Government funds and 7 fnii ctnsacutiv« Burial or transportation 75 per cent of earning supervision. days then pay of body; 25 to 50 per cent 3 months, then 5< from'fifth day of earnings for 8 years, cent for 8 years; schi total not over $5,000. for fractures. Forbiddoa No waiver allowed.. .. • ..do Employer must insure, Mem 14 days ® 00 funeral expenses, 25 60 per cent of wages ft give guaranty, or proof to 60 per cent of wages weeks; $3 minimun Of financial ability. for 319 weeks; not over maximum; total $5,000. Basic wajres not over $5,000. less than $5 nor more than $36. Permitted in lien oř 00m- Forbidden do Employer must insure in More 2 weeks- *~5 fune«' expenses un- . 50 per cent of wages ponsaticn if accident State fund, insurance 1 week if disability less no dependents and | years; $5 minimum caused by deliberate m- company, or give proof u nermanMit sufficient estate to «le- maximum; total tent 0# employer. of financial ability. fray same; 50 per cent of over $5,000. wages for 8 years; ? 1,000 minimum, $4,250 maxi- mum. Permitted if employer do do Employer must give proof More than 2 weeks $100 funeral expenses; 66Ü per cent during fails to secure payment or financial ability (de- widow or dependent tinuance, $5 minai of compensation; de- posit of securities may widower, 30 per cent of $15 maximum, tenses of fellow service, be required) or procure wages until death or re- assumed risks, and con- State, mutual, or pri- marriage; 10 per cent tributary negligence ab- vate insurance. additional for each child rogated. under 18 years, total not over 66 j per cent. 1 do Waivers not al- do Employer must insure. do Fatal accidents not cov- I .50 per cent of wage lowed; approved maintain approved ered. i 500 weeks; $i¡ mintn schemes permitted. scheme, or give proof of 1 $10 maximum: one solvency. ! of present worth to resident aliens. Ooveniment can not be Waivers forbidden do Payments are made from More than 15 days .. 1 year's earnings Same pay as if empie «u*a. regular appropriations. not to exceed 1 yeai

Not permitted after elee- Employer most io- do State control of Employ- More than 2 weeks 66) per cent of wages for 66$ per cent of wage tion of insurance ays- sure in author- ees' Insurance Associa- 500 weeks, $4 minimum, not over 500 weck- ten. i»ed company or tion. $10 maximum; no de- minimum, $10 n State association. pendents, $200. mum, total not to Not permitted after em- Forbidden Employer, except Insurance is under State More than 1 week $125 burial expenses; 40 to 50 per cent of earning plover s election, unless for medical, etc., control. (payment from 60 per cent of earnings 100 months $20 r he is in default on pre- services, to which 0f jnjury i( for 100 months, $20 mum, $60 maxim nuums. employee may disabilitylasts 3 minimum, $60 maxi- not to exceed Só.'Xxi give $1 per month. weeks or more). mum, total not to ex- Permitted if injury was Employee 1 cent for do Anytime ' $100 burlai expenses: M0 per month if sii due to employer's fail- each day worked; ' widow or invalid wid- $.15 if dependent spc ure to comply with employer fixed ower, $30 per month $6 additional for « safety laws or his taten- premiums; Stete until death or remar- child, total not to tion to injure, or em- subsidy. riage, $6 additional for ceed ?5<> during ployer is in default on each child under lrt, abilitv insurance premiums. total not to exceed $50. Not permitted against No waiver permit- Employer do More than 1 week .. . 60 per cent of wages for 60 pei cent of wages employers accepting in- ted- insurance .. . 360 weeks, $5 minimum, , not over 400 week? turance system except with other com- $15maximum;nobenefl- ¡ , minimum, $15 ni for willful or gross neg- panics must con- ciarles or creditors, $100. ! ¡ mum. ligence causing death. form to law. Not permitted after em- Not permitted, but Employer, 90 per do do $75 burial expenses: widow ' 50 per cent of w plover's election, unless approved employ- cent; employees, or invalidwidower, $20 1 until death: S4 ir hejs in default on pre- ers may give bond 10 per cent. monthly until death or ! mum, $8 maximum miums or injuij was and carry own remarriage; $5 addi- due to his intent to in- risk. tional lor each child lure- under 15, total not to exceed $35. I I Permitted if Injury was Approved schemes Employer dio do $150 funeral expenses; 661 66» per cent of wages u due to willful act of em- or insurance 1 per- . per cent of expenses; wages fori death, per if permane! wages ployer, his failure to tribute mitted; must cot- years; per tl ^00 wages mhimum , disabled, $Fminimi permane! C0l?^lyTrlÍ!?flty,řw' if he is in default fund tribute to surplus $3,750 maximum. , $12 maximum. or if he is in default on fund of State. premiums. 1 Permitted ta addition to Forbidden do d0 "Loss of earning $75 funeral expenses; $20 per month if sin insurance benefits if in- power shall exceed widow or invalid wid- $25 1 married; fore iury resulted from de- ¡percent."« ower receives $20 month- child under 16 years liberate intention of ly until death or remar- per month, not over employer. riage; each child under in all. to be paid dui 16, $5 per month; total disability. Not permitted No reductionof lia- do d0 More than 10 days... $50 funeral expenses; $1,000 $1,000 if single. $1,2« bOity allowed. to widow or invalid wid- wife or invalid husba ower, $00 per year for $60 per year for e each chila ander 16, chila under 16; total total not over $2,000 for over $3,000 for all. _J _ 1 1 ,, . . . * Abrogation is absolute and does not depend 1 I annually ,, to . 8 . per cent . of the death benefit, not toss than $10 per month. « Ccostroed by Industrial insurance deputine

This content downloaded from 193.104.110.11 on Mon, 19 May 2014 03:00:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

i ot weexiy au per cent 01 earnings ror ao imhqmdu services (or in ouc« in so days; claim courts m sommar? 300 weeks; 14 not over 800 weeks; $4 first 2 weeks; maximum in 1 year. proceedings. 910 maxi- minimum, <10 maxi- *300 in látal cases with dependents, mum. no dependents, includ- ing burial. expenses; 15 60 per cent of wages for 200 SO perçait of wage losi; <10 During first 14 days, not Notice as soon as practi- Industrial accident sent of wages weeks (board may add maximum, for 6 years; over $75. cable; claim in 6 months. board; appeal to sks, total not 53); S3 minimum, 112.50 fixed scale for specified ¡ courts. basic wages maximum ; total «ot-1 tajad*. in SS norman over $4,U0U. unings, but 05 per cent of wages; if 65 per oent of wage de- For not mon than 90 N'otioe in 30 days; claim In Industrial commis- '»«Hfil Ided to prior nurse is required, 100 crease; no total to ex- days. 2 years. sion; appeal to payments per oent after 90 days; oeed 4 years' earnings: courts. Eoeed 0 years' no total to exoeed 6 fixed rates for specified no defend- years' earnings. injuries.

one-half the 50 per oent of average 50 per oent of wage de- Only if employee dies Notice in 2 weeks; none Arbitration, refer- «; $4,000 max- semimonthly earnings, crease until recovery, leaving no dependents. required in case of enoe to attorney dependents, during disability, not not to exoeed <4,001. death or incompetence. general, or appeal ad burial ex- to exoeed <4,000. Action on claim within lo courts. mings; <1,000 65 per cent of wages for 240 65 per cent of wag« de- During first 00 days; NotJoHn 30 days; claim Industrial accident , <5,000 max- weeks, then 40 per cent crease for fixed periods longer if commission in 6 months for dis- commission; 11m- ' dependents, for life. proportionate to dbabil- orders. ability, 1 year for death. i ted appeal to Ity. courts. »asportation 75 per cent of earnings for 75 per oent of «amines for Reasonable services Notice immediately; claim Governor of Panama i to 50 per cent 3 months, then 50 per 3 months, then 50 per for injury in 00 days, for Canal. i for H years, cent for 8 yean; schedule cent for not more than death in 1 year. wer <5,000. for fractures. 5 vean; schedule for maimings; if at work, 75 per ant of wage lots. expenses, 25 00 per cent of wans for 312 50 percent of wage less for During first 14 days, not Notice as soon as practi- County industrkl Excluded. *nt of wages weeks; <3 minimum, <18 not over 312 weeks; <12 over <50. cable; claim in 3 months. accident boards; Bks; not over maximum; total not maximum; total not ■pr««l I« ««- ■. isle wages not over <5/100. over <5,000; fixed scale <5 nor more for specified injuries. expenses un- 50 percent of wages for 8 50 per cent of wage loss; As required by commis- Notice of accident in 10 Industrial accident Excluded. pendents and years; <5 minimum, <12 <12 per week maxinum; sion, not over <150. days, of death in 30days, commission or astate to de- maximum; total not total not over $1.000: unless sufficient reason; arbitrators ap- 50 per cent of over <5,000. schedule for specified claim in 30 days. pointed by it; ap- I years; 81,000 i injuries. peal to courts. <4,250 maxi- | d expenses; 66§ per cent during con- 86] per oent of wags de- During Arst 60 days Notice of injury in 10 days, Industrial commis- Included. ■ dependent tinuance, <5 minimum, crease, fixed seal» for of death In 30 days, un- sion; limitad ap- to per cent of <15 maximum. specified injuries <5 less excused for cause; peal to courts. 1 death or re- minimum, <15 naxi- claim in 1 year. 10 per cent mum; for certain iiaim- for each child i tags, <20 maximura. tars, total not >r cent. I ints not cov- 50 per cent of wages for 50 per cent of wag* loss During first 15 days Notice in 30 days, claim Industrial commis- Fatal aoddents not 500 weeks; $»> minimum, for 300 weeks: fixed scale in 1 year. sion. covered. <10 maximum: one-half for specified injures. i of present worth to non- resident aliens. tags Same pay as If employed, All benefits cease when Claim (or disability in Secretary of Labor.. not to exceed 1 year. able to resume work. ¡ reasonable time; death in 90 days.

of wages for 66] per cent of wages for 66] per cent of wage loss; During first 2 weeks Notice as soon as prac- Arbitrators for each <4 minimum, not over 500 week», <4 »10 maximum, for not ticable; claim in 6 case; industrial so- lum; no de- minimum, <10 maxi- more than 500 weeks: month*. cident board; ap- (200. mum, total not to ex- fixed rates for specified peal to courta on ceed $1.000. injuries. points of law. cpenses; 40 to 50 per cent of earnings for 50 per cent of wag.' de- Reasonable services for Applications must be Industrial commis- Included, t of earnings 100 month?; $20 mini- crease; $40 maximum. first 4 months. made and claims en- sion. nonths, <20 mum, $60 maximum, for not more than 60 forced in 1 year. <60 maxi- not to exceed $5,000. months; fixed rates for J not to ex- specified injuries. i expenses; $30 per month if single, Proportionate benefits for Not to exceed <250 Claim ini year Industrial accident Parents, widow. invalid wid- <35 if dependent spou.se, not over 2 years if tem- commission; ap- widower, ana per month <6 additional for each porarv; fixed rates for peals to courts. children in- 11 or remar- child, total not to ex- specified injuries. eluded. dditiooal for ceed 850 during dis- i under 16, ability. i exceed <50. of wages for 60 per cent of wages for 60 per cent of wage de- During first week Notice as soon as practi- Industrial accident 15 minimum , not over 400 weeks; <5 crease; <15 maximum, cable; claim in 6 months. board; appeals to im ; no benefl- minimum, <15 maxi- for not over 300 weeks: courts. editors, <100. mum. fixed rates for specified injuries. mses; widow 50 per cent of wages 50 per cent of wage de- Not to exceed <150; may Claim in 6 months; proof Compensation com- Included. irido wer. $20 until death; $4 mini- crease, $4 minimum , be <300 in special cases. of dependency m 9 missioner; limited itil death or mum, <8 maximum. <8 maximum, for 30 to months. appeal to courts. <5 addi- 210 weeks; 70 to 85 per each child cent disability, 40 per total not to cent of wages for life. [ «penses: 68) 661 per cent of wages until 66J per cent of wage de- Not to exceed <200 To be fixed by board Industrial commis- wages for 6 death, if permanently crease; <12 per week sion; limited ap- J minimum, disabled; <5 minimum, maximum; not over peal to courts, mum. <12 maximum. <3,750 in all; fixed rates for specified injuries. expenses; <20 per month if single, Proportionate; not over 50 per cent of benefits Claim in 1 year Industrial insor- Only bther and n valid wid- <25 i married; for each <1,500. added for first 6 months ance department; is <20 month- child under 16 years, <5 of total temporary disa- appeal to courts. except where th or remar- per month, not over <35 bility: not more than 60 otherwise pro- chlkl ander m all, to be pakl during per cent of wages in all. v ided by treaty, nonth; total disability. d <35. temes; <1 /XX) <1,000 If single. <1,200 if Fixed lump sums for Courts invalid wid- wife or invalid husband; specified injuries; others wr year for <60 per year for each in proportion. ander 16, chM under 16: total not er <2,000 lor over <3,000 for all.

I ilon is absolute mih does not denend unon the reiectioa ef theaet. ilon lod by is industrial absolute mih Insurance does not department denend unon to exctaoTcasse the reiectioa ef ta theaet. wfcfab Ism than 5 percent of a working month was lost.

This content downloaded from 193.104.110.11 on Mon, 19 May 2014 03:00:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION LEGISLATION IN THE UNITED STATES.

The chart following is an attempt to show in summary, comparable form the principal features of the laws included under the above title. The form of the chart varies slightly from that heretofore followed by the bureau, in that the system of compensation provided for, i. e., whether simple compensation or also requiring insurance in connection therewith, and also whether elective or compulsory, is indicated by the grouping of the States instead of by using a separate column with heading. As will be observed, several of the compensation laws and one of the insurance laws that are elective or optional in their applica- tion to private employments are compulsory as to the State and its municipalities. Of the 31 States and 2 Territories having compensa- tions laws, all but Alaska, Arizona, New Hampshire, Oregon, Rhode Island, Texas, and West Virginia include public employees within their scope; while the Canal Zone order and the Federal statute relate, the former principally and the latter exclusively, to public employees.

The question of election by employers and employees, or their expression of choice to accept or reject the act, is placed on the footing of either a passive acceptance by one or both parties, or of an ex- pressed choice on the part of the employer, with presumption of the employee's acceptance or an inference to that effect from his act in continuing in service.

The headings used in the chart are believed to be self-explanatory. It may be said, however, that under the term " Special contracts" notice was taken of provisions as to waivers, substitutes, or restrictive contracts. Of necessity only general provisions are here shown, qualifications and exceptions not being in place in this attempt to show in comparable form the chief aspects of this class of legislation, for the details of which recourse may be had to Bulletin No. 126, giving text and discussion of laws up to January 1, 1914, and to a forthcoming bulletin of this bureau, which will bring the laws on this subject up to date.

The groups of States having compensation and insurance laws, elective and compulsory, are as follows:

Compensation , elective. - Alaska, Colorado, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Mon- tana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Wisconsin.

Compensation , compulsory. - Arizona, California, Canal Zone, Hawaii, Maryland, New York, Oklahoma, United States.

Insurance , elective . - Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon, Texas, West Virginia.

Insurance , compulsory . - Ohio, Washington, Wyoming. „ - , 45

This content downloaded from 193.104.110.11 on Mon, 19 May 2014 03:00:15 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions