Works Cited

Achinstein, P. and Barker, S.F. (eds.) (1969) The Legacy of Logical Positivism. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Adorno, T.W. and Horkheimer, M. (1990) Dialectic of the Enlightenment. J. Cumming (trans.). New York: Continuum.

Agassi, J. (1988) The Gentle Art of Philosophical Polemics. LaSalle, IL.: Open Court.

Alston, W.P. (l967a) Language, philosophy of. In P. Edwards (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Vol. IV, 384-386.

Alston, W.P. (1967b) Bertrand Russell. In P. Edwards (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Vol. VII, 235-258.

Anscombe, G.E.M. (1959) An Introduction to Wittgenstein's Tractatus. London: Hutchinson & Co.

Apel, K-O. (1967)Analytic Philosophy of Language and the Geisteswissen­schaften. Dordrecht: Reidel.

Apel, K-O. (1975) The problem of philosophical foundations in light of a transcendental pragmatics of language. Man and Warldviii, 239-275. Reprinted in Baynes, Bonham, and McCarthy (eds.), Philosophy: End or Transformation.

Archard, D. (1996) Political and social philosophy. In Bunnin and Tsui-James (eds.) The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy. pp.257-289.

Armstrong, D.M. (1961) Perception and the Physical World. New York: Humanities Press.

Armstrong, D.M. (1968) A Materialist Theory of Mind. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Armstrong, D.M. (1983) What is a Law of Nature? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Austin, J.L. (1962) Sense and Sensibilia. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Avineri, S. and de Shalit, A. (eds.) (1992) Communitarianism and Individualism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Ayer, A.J. (1950) [1936] Language, Truth, and Logic. New York: Dover.

Works Cited 471

Ayer, A.J., Kneale, W.C., Paul, G.A., Pears, D.F., Strawson, P.F., Warnock, G.J., and Wolheim, R.A. (1956) The Revolution in Philosophy. With an introduction by Gilbert Ryle. London: Macmillan.

Ayer, A.J.(ed.) (1959) Logical Positivism. Glencoe: Free Press.

Ayer, A.J. (1982) Philosophy in the Twentieth Century. New York: Random House.

Ayers, M., Ree, J., and Westoby, A. (1978) Philosophy and Its Past. Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities Press.

Baier, K. (1961) The Moral Point of View. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Baillie, J. (1950) The Belief in Progress. London: Oxford University Press.

Baldwin, T. (1984) Moore's Rejection of Idealism. In R. Rorty, lB. Schneewind, and Q. Skinner (eds.), Philosophy in History. New York: Cambridge University Press, 357-374.

Bar-Hillel, Y. (1967) Types, theory of. In Edwards (ed.) Encyclopedia of Philosophy. viii, 168-172.

Barnes, W.F.H. (1950) The Philosophic Predicament. London: A & c. Black.

Barrett, W. and Aiken, H.D. (eds.) (1962) Philosophy in the Twentieth Century. New York, Random House.

Barrett, W. (1978) The Illusion of Technique. Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Press.

Barry, B. (1990) Political Argument: A Reissue. Hemel Hempstead: Wheatsheaf.

Baynes, K., Bonham, J., and McCarthy, T. (eds.) (1991) After Philosophy: End or Transformation? Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

Bealer, G. (1987) The Boundary between philosophy and cognitive science. Journal of Philosophy lxxxiv, 553-55.

Beck, L.W. (ed.) (1969), Philosophy and the history of philosophy. Monist, 53, 523-53l.

Becker, C.L. (1962) [1932] The Heavenly City of the Eighteenth Century Philosophers. New York: Yale University Press.

Beiser, F.C. (ed.) (1993) The Cambridge Companion to Hegel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

472 Works Cited

Bell, D. and Cooper, N. (eds.) (1990) The Analytic Tradition. Oxford: Blackwell.

Bennett, J. (1988) Response to Garber and Ree. In P.H. Hare (ed.), Doing Philosophy Historically. Buffalo: Prometheus. pp. 62-69.

Bentham, J. (1948) An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. New York: Hafner.

Bergmann, G. (1967) The Metaphysics of Logical Positivism. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

Bergson, H. (1911) Creative Evolution. New York: Holt.

Berlin, I. (1993) The Magus of the North: J.G. Hamann and the Origins of Modern Irrationalism. London: John Murray.

Bhaskar, R. (1975) A Realist Theory of Science. Leeds: Leeds Books.

Bhaskar, R. (1979) The Possibility of Naturalism. Brighton: Harvester.

Bhaskar, R. (1989) Reclaiming Reality. London: Verso.

Black, M. (1939) Relations between logical positivism and the Cambridge school of analysis. Erkenntnis (Journal of Unified Science) viii, 24-35.

Blackburn, S. (1996) Metaphysics. In Bunnin and Tsui-James (eds.), pp. 64-89.

Blanshard, B. (1962) Reason and Analysis. LaSalle, IL.: Open Court.

Block, I. (ed.) (1982) Perspectives on the Philosophy ofWittgenstein. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

Block, N. (1986) Advertisement for a semantics for psychology. In Peter A. French, Theodore E. Uehling, Jr., and Howard K. Wettstein (eds.), Studies in the Philosophy of Mind, Midwest Studies in Philosophy, Vol. 10. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 615-678.

Bloom, A. (1975) review of Rawls' Theory of Justice in American Political Science Review lxix, 648-662.

Bloom, A. (1987) The Closing of the American Mind. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Bloom, H. (1975) A Map of Misreading. New York: Oxford University Press.

Works Cited 473

Bloor, D. (1976) Knowledge and Social Imagery. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Bloor, D. (1983) Wittgenstein: A Social Theory of Knowledge. New York: Columbia University Press.

Boole, G. (1948) [1847] Mathematical Analysis of Logic. New York, Philosophical Library.

Boole, G. (1951) [1854] An Investigation of the Laws of Thought. New York: Dover.

Borradori, G. (1994) The American Philosopher. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Boyd, R. (1993) Realism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Boyd, R. Gasper, P. and Trout, J.D. (eds.) (1991) The Philosophy of Science. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

Braithwaite, R.B. (1955) Scientific Explanation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Based on Tamer Lectures, 1946.

Brentano, F. (1862) Von der Mannigfachen Bedeutung des Scienden nach Aristotle.

Brentano, F. (1867) Die Psychologie des Aristotles.

Brentano, F. (191Ia) Aristotles Lehre vom Ursprung des menschlichen Geistes.

Brentano, F. (1911b) Aristotle und seine Weltanschauung.

Broad, C.D. (1957) The local historical background of contemporary Cambridge philosophy. In C.A. Mace (ed.), British Philosophy in the Mid-Century. London: AIIen & Unwin, 13-61.

Brouwer, L.EJ. (1913) Intuitionism and formalism. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society xx.

Brown, R. (1967) Broad, Charlie Dunbar. In P. Edwards (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Vol. J, 396-399.

Brown, l.R. (1984) Scientific Rationality: The Sociological Turn. Dordrecht: Reidel.

474 Works Cited

Bunnin, N. And Tsui-James, E.P. (eds.) (1996) The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy. Oxford: Blackwell.

Burge, T. (1982) Other Bodies. In A. Woodfield (ed.), Thought and Object. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 97-120.

Burge, T. (1986a) Individualism and psychology. Philosophical Review xcv, 3-46.

Burge, T. (1986b) Cartesian error and the objectivity of perception. In P. Pettit and J. McDowell (eds.), Subject, Thought, and Context. pp. 117-136.

Burge, T. (1989) Individuation and causation in psychology. Pacific Philosophical Quarterly lxx, 303-322.

Burge, T. (1990) Frege on sense and linguistic meaning. In Bell and Cooper (eds.), The Analytic Tradition. pp. 30-60.

Burge, T. (1992) Philosophy of language and mind, 1950-1990. Philosophical Review ci, 3-51.

Bury, lB. (1932) The Idea of Progress. London. Macmillan.

Cabanis, P. J. G. (1805) Rapports du physique et du moral de l'homme. 2d ed, vol 1.

Capaldi, N. (1970) The Copernican revolution in Hume and Kant. Proceedings of the Third International Kant Congress. Dordrecht: D. Reidel. pp. 234-240.

Capaldi, N. (1973) Mill's Forgotten Science of Ethology. In Social Theory and Practice ii, 409-420.

Capaldi, N. (1975) David Hume: The Newtonian Philosopher. Boston: Twayne.

Capaldi, N. (1983) The libertarian philosophy of J.S. MIL. Reason Papers ix, 3-19.

Capaldi, N. (1984) Exploring the limits of analytic philosophy: a critique ofNozick's 'Philosophical Explanations'. Interpretation vi, 107-125.

Capaldi, N. (1985) Hume's Theory of the Self. In A.J. Holland (ed.), Philosophy, Its History and Historiography. Dordrecht: Reidel. pp.271-285.

Capaldi, N. (1987) Copernican Metaphysics. In R.C. Neville (ed.), New Essays in MetaphysicsAlbany, NY : SUNY Press. pp. 45-60.

Capaldi, N. (1989) Hume's Place in Moral Philosophy. New York: Peter Lang.

Works Cited 475

Capaldi, N. (1990) Liberal values versus liberal social philosophy. In Philosophy and Theology iv, 283-296.

Capaldi, N. (1992) The Dogmatic Slumber ofHume Scholarship. Hume Studies xviii, 117-135.

Capaldi, N. (1993) Analytic philosophy and language. In R. Harre and R. Harris (eds.), Linguistics and Philosophy: The Controversial Interface. pp. 45-107.

Capaldi, N. (1995) What's wrong with solidarity? Rechtsphilosophische Hefte, iv, 65-80.

Capaldi, N. (1998) The enlightenment project in twentieth century philosophy. In John McCarthy (ed.), Modern Enlightenment and the Rule of Reason. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press.

Camap, R. (1928) Der Logische Autbau der Welt. Berlin: Welkreis. Translated (1967a) by Rolf A. George as The Logical Structure of the World.

Carnap, R. (1932/33) Psychology in physical language. In Ayer (ed.), Logical Positivism. pp. 165-198.

Camap, R. (1937) [1934] The Logical Syntax of Language. London: Kegan Paul Trench, Trubner & Co.

Camap, R. (1935) Philosophy and Logical Syntax. London: Kegan Paul.

Camap, R. (1936) Testability and meaning. Philosophy of Science iii, 419-471.

Camap, R. (1939) Foundations of Logic and Mathematics. International Encyclopedia of Unified Science, vol. I, no. 3. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Carnap, R. (1942) Introduction to Semantics and Formalization of Logic. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Camap, R. (1943) Formalization of Logic. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Camap, R. (1947) Meaning and Necessity: A Study in Semantics and Modal Logic. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Camap, R. (1950) Empiricism, semantics, and ontology. Revue Internationale de Philosophie iv, 20-40.

476 Works Cited

Camap, R. (1959) [1932/33] Psychology in physical language. Translated by G. Schick in A.J. Ayer (ed.), Logical Positivism. Glencoe, Ill: Free Press.

Camap, R. (1959) The elimination of metaphysics through the logical analysis of language. In A.J. Ayer (ed.) Logical Positivism. pp. 60-81.

Carnap, R. (1963) My philosophical development. In P.A. Schilpp (ed.), The Philosophy ofRudolfCarnap. LaSalle, IL.: Open Court.

Camap, R. (1967a) The Logical Structure of the World. Translated by Rolf A. George. Second edition. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Camap, R. (1967b) On the character of philosophical problems. In R. Rorty (ed.), The Linguistic Turn. pp. 54-62.

Carruthers, P. (1989) Tractarian Semantics. Oxford: Blackwell.

Carruthers, P. (1990) The Metaphysics of the Tractatus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Cartwright, N. (1983) How the Laws of Physics Lie. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Cassirer, E. (1955) The Philosophy of the Enlightenment. Boston: Beacon Press.

Castaneda, H.N. (1980) On Philosophical Method. Bloomington. Nous.

Charlton, w. (1991) The Analytic Ambition. Oxford: Blackwell.

Chisholm, R.M. (1957) Perceiving: A Philosophical Study. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Chisholm, R.M. (1982) The Foundations of Knowing. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Chomsky, N. (1959) Review ofB.F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior. Language xxxv, 26-58. Reprinted in Fodor and Katz (eds.), The Structure of Language (1964) Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall.

Chomsky, N. (1966) Cartesian Linguistics. New York: Harper and Row.

Chomsky, N. (1980) Rules and Representation. New York: Columbia University Press.

Church land, P.M. (1979) Scientific Realism and the Plasticity of Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Works Cited 477

Churchland, P.M. (1981) Eliminative Materialism and the Propositional Attitudes. Journal of Philosophy lxxviii, 67-80.

Church land, P.M. (1984) Matter and Consciousness: A Contemporary Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Churchland, P.S. (1980) A perspective on mind-brain research. Journal of Philosophy lxxvii, 185-207.

Churchland, P.S. (1986) Neurophilosophy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Clark, R.W. (1975) The Life of Bertrand Russell. New York: Knopf.

Cohen, A. and Dascal, M. (eds.) (1989) The Institution of Philosophy. LaSalle, IL.: Open Court.

Cohen, L. (1986) Doing philosophy is doing its history. Synthese lxvii, 51-55.

Cohen, L.J. (1986) The Dialogue of Reason: An Analysis of Analytical Philosophy. Oxford: Clarendon.

Collingwood, R.O. (1933) An Essay on Philosophical Method. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Collingwood, R.O. (1957) [1945] The Idea of Nature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Collins, H. (1985) Changing Order. London: Sage.

Condillac, E. B. (1798) La Logique Oeuvres. Houel (ed.).

Condillac, E.B. (1921) Extrait raisonne du Traite des Sensations. Paris.

CondiIIac, E.B. (1970) Oeuvres Completes. Oeneve: Slatkine. Traite des systemes [1746] is vol. II; Traite des sensations [1758], with Dissertation sur la Liberte is vol. III.

Condorcet, A.N. de (1955) Sketch for a Historical Picture of The Progress of the Human Mind. New York: The Noonday Press. Translated by June Barraclough.

Consuegra, F.A. Rodriguez (1996) Russell's perilous journey from atomism to holism 1919-1951. In Monk and Palmer (eds.), pp. 217-243.

Copleston, F.C. (1956) Contemporary Philosophy. London: Burns and Oates.

478 Works Cited

Cornforth, M.C. (1971) Marxism and the Linguistic Philosophy. New York: International Publishers.

Corrado, M. (1975) The Analytic Tradition in Philosophy. Chicago: American Library Association.

Creat, R. (1985) Carnap's scientific realism: irenic or ironic? In N. Rescher (ed.) The Heritage of Logical Positivism. pp. 117-131.

Cranston, M. (1986) Philosophers and Pamphleteers. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Cummins, R.C. (1989) Meaning and Mental Representation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Curley, E. (1986) Dialogues with the dead. Synthese lxvii, 33-49. This special issue is entitled 'The Role of History in and for Philosophy'.

D'Alembert, 1. (1759) Metanges de philosophie, IV.

D'Alembert, 1. [1751 (1963)] Preliminary Discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot. Indianapolis: Bobbs-MerrIL.

Danto, A.C. (1985) Narration and Knowledge. New York: Columbia University Press. Includes text of Analytical Philosophy of History.

Dartnall, T. (ed.) (1993) Artificial Intelligence and Creativity. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press.

Darwall, S. (1983) Impartial Reason. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Darwall, S., Gibbard, A., and Railton, P. (1992) Towardfin de siecle ethics: some trends. Philosophical Review ci, 115-189.

Dauenhauer, B.P. (ed.) (1987) At the Nexus of Philosophy and History. Athens: The University of Georgia Press.

Davidson, D. and Hintikka, 1. (eds.) (1969) Words and Objections: Essays on the Work ofW.V. Quine. Dordrecht: Reidel.

Davidson, D. (1970) Mental Events. In L. Foster and J.W. Swanson (eds.), Experience and Theory. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.

Davidson, D. (1974) On the very idea ofa conceptual scheme. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society xlvii, 5-20.

Works Cited 479

Davidson, D. (1976) The Method of Truth in Metaphysics. In P.A. French, T.E. Uehling, Jr., and H.K. Wettstein (eds), Midwest Studies in Philosophy. Moris, MN.: University of Minnesota Press. pp. 244-254.

Davidson, D. (1983a) A Coherence theory of truth and knowledge. In D. Henrich (ed.), Kant oder Hegel. Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta.

Davidson, D. (1983b) Analytische Philosophie ohne empiristische Dogmen. Interview with Dirk Koppelberg in Information Philosophie I, 18-21, and ii, 18-25.

Dennett, D.C. (1969) Content and Consciousness. New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Dennett, D.C. (1978a) Brainstorms. Montgomery, VT.: Bradford Books.

Dennett, D.C. (1978b) Artificial intelligence as philosophy and as psychology. In M. Ringle (ed.), Philosophical Perspectives in Artificial Intelligence. Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities Press. pp. 57-80.

Dennett, D.C. (1 978c) Toward a cognitive theory of consciousness. In C.W. Savage (ed.), Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, vol. IX. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. pp. 201-228.

Dennett, D.C. (1980) Reply to Stich. Philosophical Books xxi. 65-76.

Dennett, D.C. (1981) Three kinds of intentional psychology. In R. Healy (ed.), Reduction Time and Reality. New York: Cambridge University Press. Reprinted in Boyd, Gasper, and Trout (eds.) The Philosophy of Science, pp. 631-649.

Dennett, D.C. (1984) Elbow Room. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Dennett, D.C. (1987) The Intentional Stance. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Dewey, 1. (1896) The concept of the reflex arc in psychology. Psychological Review iii, 13-32.

Dewey, 1. (1938) Logic: The Theory ofInquiry. New York: Holt.

Oilman, I. (1984) Quine on Ontology, Necessity, and Experience. Albany, N.Y.: SUNY Press.

Dodds, E.R. (1973) Progress in classical antiquity. In P.P. Wiener (ed.), Dictionary of the History of Ideas, iii, 623-633.

Donagan, A. (1977) The Theory of Morality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

480 Works Cited

Donagan, A. (1988) Spinoza. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Donagan, A. (1992) Twentieth Century Anglo-American Ethics. In L.C. Becker and c.B. Becker (eds.), A History of Western Ethics. New York: Garland. 142-154.

Double, R. (1991) The Non-Reality of Free Will. New York: Oxford University Press.

Dray, W. (1957) Laws and Explanation in History. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Duhem, P. [1906 (1954)] The Aim and Structure of Physical Theory. Translated by P.P. Wiener. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Dummett, M. (1959) Wittgenstein's philosophy of mathematics. Philosophical Review lxviii, 324-348.

Dummett, M. (1960) Oxford philosophy. Black/riars xli, 74-80.

Dummett, M. (1967) Gottlob Frege. In P. Edwards (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Vol. III, 225-237.

Dummett, M. (1974) The significance of Quine's indeterminacy thesis. Synthese xxvii,351-97.

Dummett, M. (1975) What is a theory of meaning? In S. Guttenplan (ed.), Mind and Language. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Dummett, M. (1978) Can analytic philosophy be systematic, and ought it to be? Truth and Other Enigmas. London: Methuen. pp. 437-458.

Dummett, M. (1993) Origins of Analytical Philosophy. London: Duckworth.

Dupre, L. (1987) Philosophy and its history. In Dauenhauer (ed.), At the Nexus of Philosophy and History, pp. 20-41.

Dupre, L. (1989) Is the history of philosophy philosophy? Review of Metaphysics xlii, 463-82.

Dworkin, R. (1978) Liberalism. In S. Hampshire (ed.), Public and Private Morality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Reprinted in M. Sandel (ed.), Liberalism and Its Critics. 60-79.

Eames, E.R. (1989) Bertrand Russell's Dialogue with His Contemporaries. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.

Works Cited 481

Edwards, P. and Pap, A. (eds.) (1965) A Modern Introduction to Philosophy. New York: Free Press.

Edwards, P. (ed.) (1967) The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. New York: MacMillan.

Feigl, H. and Sellars, W. (eds.) (1949) Readings in Philosophical Analysis. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

Feigl, H. (1949) Logical empiricism. In H. Feigl and W. Sellars (eds.), Readings in Philosophical Analysis.

Feigl, H. and Brodbeck, M. (1953) Readings in the Philosophy of Science. New York: Appleton.

Feigl, H. (1967) The Mental and the Physical: The Essay and the Postscript. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Feigl, H., Sellars, W., and Lehrer, K. (eds.) (1972) New Readings in Philosophical Analysis. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

Feinberg, J. (ed.) (1965) Reason and Responsibility. Belmont, CA.: Dickenson Publishing Co.

Feuer, L. (1958) Spinoza and the Rise of Liberalism. Boston: Beacon Press.

Feyerabend, P. (1975) Against Method. London: New Left Books.

Feyerabend, P. (1978) Science in a Free Society. London: New Left Books.

Feyerabend, P. (1981) Philosophical Papers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Field, H. (1972) Tarski's theory of truth. Journal o/Philosophy lxix, 347-375.

Fleck, L. (1981) Genesis and Development ofa Scientific Fact. Trenn, Thaddeus 1. And Merton, Robert K (eds.); Bradley, F. tr. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Fl0istad, G. (ed.) (1981) Contemporary Philosophy. Hague: Nijhoff.

Fodor, J. (1968) Psychological Expalantion. New York: Random House.

Fodor,1. (1979) The Language of Thought. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

482 Works Cited

Fodor, 1. (1980) Methodological solipsism considered as a research strategy in cognitive psychology. Behavioral and Brain Sciences iii, 63-73.

Fodor, J. (1987) Psychosemantics: The Problem of Meaning in the Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Fodor, 1. (1994) Fodor, Jerry A. In Guttenplan (ed.), A Companion to the Philosophy of Mind, pp. 292-300.

Frankena, W. (1967) Value and Valuation. In P. Edwards (ed.), Encyclopedia of Philosophy. vol. viii, pp. 229-232.

Frankena, W. (1983) Review of MacIntyre's 'After Virtue.' Ethics, xliii, 579-587.

Frege, G. (1879) Begriffsschrift. Halle: Nebert.

Frege, G. (1962) [1893/1903] Die Grudgesetze der Arithmetic. Hildesheim: Olms.

Frege, G. (1952) Translations from the Philosophical Writings. P. Geach and M. Black (eds.). Oxford: Blackwell.

Frege, G. (1956) The thought. Translated by A. and M. Quinton. Mind lxv, 289-311.

Frege, G. (1959) The Foundations of Arithmetic. Translated by J.L. Austin. Oxford: Blackwell.

Gabbey, A. (1987) Listening to the ungrateful dead - The problem of the history of philosophy. British Society for the History of Philosophy ii, 12-23.

Gadamer, H-G. (1975) Truth and Method. New York: Seabury Press.

Gauthier, D.P. (1987) Morals by Agreement. New York: Oxford University Press.

Gay, P. (1966) The Enlightenment: An Interpretation, The Rise of Modern Paganism. New York: Knopf.

Gellner, E. (1959) Words and Things. London: Victor Gollancz.

Gellner, E. (1985) Relativism and the Social Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gergen, K.J. and Gergen, M.M. (1982) Explaining human conduct: form and function. In P.F. Secord (ed.), Explaining Human Behavior. Beverly Hills: Sage. pp.127-154.

Gewirth, A. (1978) Reason and Morality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Works Cited 483

Gibbard, A. (1980) Wise Choices, Apt Feelings. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Gildin, H. (ed.) (1975) Political Philosophy, Six Essays by Leo Strauss. New York: Pegasus.

Ginet, C. (1966) Might we have no choice? In Lehrer (ed.), Freedom and Determinism, pp. 87-104.

Ginsburg, M. (1973) Progress in the modern era. In P.P. Wiener (ed.), Dictionary of the History of ideas, iii, 633-650.

Godel, K. (1933a) Zur intuitionistischen arithmetik und zahlentheorie. Ergebnisse eines mathematischen Kolloquiums iv.

Godel, K. (l933b) Eine interpretation des intuitionistischen aussagenkalkuls. Ergenbnisse eines mathematischen Kolloquiums iv.

Godel, K. (1933c) Zum intuitionstischen aussagenkalkul. Ergenbisse eines mathematischen Kolloquiums iv.

Godel, K. (1962) On Formally Undecidable Propositions of Principia Mathematica and Related systems. Translated by B. Meltzer. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.

Golding, M.P. (1978) The concept of rights: a historical sketch. In Bioethics and Human Rights. Boston: Little, Brown.

Goldman, A. (1967) A causal theory of knowing. Journal 0/ Philosophy lxiv, 357 -72.

Goldman, A. (1987) Foundations of social epistemics. Synthese lxxiii, 109-44.

Goodin, R.E. and Pettit, P. (eds.) (1993) A Companion to Contemporary Political Thought. Oxford: Blackwell.

Goodman, N. (1947) On infirmities of confirmation theory. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research viii, 149-151.

Goodman, N. and Quine, W.V. (1947) Steps toward a constructive nominalism. Journal o/Symbolic Logic xii, 105-122.

Goodman, N. (1955) Fact, Fiction, and Forecast. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

484 Works Cited

Goodman, N. (1966) [1951] The Structure of Appearance. Indianapolis: Bobbs­Merrill.

Goodman, N. (1972) The way the world is. In Problems and Projects. New York. Bobbs-Merrili. 24-32.

Goodman, N. (1978) Ways of World making. Indianapolis: Hackett.

Gourevitch, V. (1975) Review of Rawls' 'Theory of Justice'. Review of Metaphysics xxviii, 485-519.

Gower, B. (ed.), (1987) Logical Positivism in Perspective: Essays on 'Language, Truth, and Logic'. London: Croom Helm.

Gracia, J.J.E. (1988) Philosophy and its history: Veatch's Aristotle. In Peter H. Hare (ed.), Doing Philosophy Historically, pp. 92-116.

Gracia, J.J.E. (1992) Philosophy and Its History. Albany: State University of New York Press.

Gray, J. (1993) Post-Liberalism. London: Routledge.

Gray, J. (1995a) Agonistic Liberalism. Social Philosophy & Policy, xii, 111-135.

Gray, J. (1995b) Enlightenment's Wake. New York: Routledge.

Grice, H.P. and Strawson, P.F. (1956) In defense ofa dogma. Philosophical Review lxv, 141-158.

Grice, H.P. (1989) Studies in the Way of Words. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press.

Griffin, N. (1996) Denoting Concepts in The Principles of Mathematics. In Monk and Palmer. pp. 23-64.

Guttenplan, S. (ed.) (1974) Mind and Language. New York: Oxford University Press.

Guttenplan, S. (Ed.) (1994) A Companion to the Philosophy of Mind. Oxford: Blackwell.

Gutting, G. (1982) Can philosophical beliefs be rationally justified? American Philosophical Quarterly xix, 315-30.

Haack, S. (1977) Lewis' Ontological Slum. Review of Metaphysics xxx, 415-429.

Works Cited 485

Haack, S. (1978) Philosophy of Logics. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Habermas, J. (1968) Knowledge and Human Interests. Boston: Beacon Press.

Hacker, P.M.S. (1996) Wittgenstein's Place in Twentieth-century Analytic Philosophy. Oxford: Blackwell.

Hacking, I. (1984) Five parables. In Rorty, Schneewind, and Skinner (eds.), Philosophy in History, pp. 103-124.

Haller, R. (1988) Questions on Wittgenstein. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Hampshire, S. (1972) Review of Rawls' 'Theory of Justice.' New York Review of Books xviii, 34-39.

Hanfling, O. (1981) Logical Positivism. New York: Columbia University Press.

Hanson, N.R. (1958) Patterns of Discovery. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hao Wang, (1986) Beyond Analytic Philosophy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Harding, S. and Hintikka, M. (eds.) (1983) Discovering Reality. Boston: Kluwer.

Hare, P.H. (ed.) (1988) Doing Philosophy Historically Buffalo: Prometheus.

Hare, R.M. (1960) Philosophical discoveries. Mind lxix, 145-62.

Hare, R.M. [1952 (1972)] The Language of Morals. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Harman, G. (ed.) (1974) On Noam Chomsky. Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Press.

Harman, G. (1977) The Nature of Morality. New York: Oxford University Press.

Harre, R. (1971) Joynson's dilemma. Bulletin of the British P~ychological Society xxiv, 115-119.

Harre R. and Secord, P.F. (1972) The Explanation of Social Behavior. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield.

Harre, R. and Madden, E.H. (1975) Causal Powers. Totowa, N.J.: Littlefield Adams.

Harre, R., Manicas, P.T., Margolis, J., and Secord, P.F. (1986) Psychology: Designing the Discipline. New York: Blackwell.

486 Works Cited

Harre, R. and Harris, R. (eds.) (1993) Linguistics and Philosophy. Oxford: Pergamon Press.

Hart, H.L.A. (1961) The Concept of Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Hartle, A. (1996) Self-Knowledge in the Age of Theory. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.

Hartley, D. (1791) [1741] Observations on Man.

Hasnas, 1. (1995) From cannibalism to caesareans: two conceptions of fundamental rights. In Northwestern University Law Review, Ixxxix.

Haugeland, 1. (1978) The nature and plausibility of cognitivism. Behavioral and Brain Sciences I, 215-226.

Haugeland, 1. (1981) Mind Design. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Hayek, F.A. (1944) The Road to Serfdom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Hayek, F.A. (1960) Constitution of Liberty. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Hayek, F.A. (1973) Law, Legislation, and Liberty Vol. I Rules and Order. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Hegel, G.W.F. (1955) Lectures on the History of Philosophy. Translated by E.S. Haldane and F.H. Sinson. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Heidegger, M. [1935/36 (1967)] What is a Thing. Chicago: Regnery.

Heisenberg, W. (1958) The Physicist's Conception of Nature. Translated by A.J. Pomerans. New York: Harcourt Brace.

Helvetius, C.A. (1774) Oeuvres. Liege.

Hempel, e.G. and Oppenheim, P. (1948) Studies in the logic of explanation. Philosophy o/Science xv, 135-175. Reprinted in Feigl, H. and Brodbeck, M. (eds.), Readings in the Philosophy of Science. pp. 319-352.

Hempel, C.G. (1942) The function of general laws in history. Journalo/Philosophy xxxix, 45-48. Reprinted in Feigl, H. and Sellars, W. (eds.), Readings in Philosophical Analysis. pp. 459-471.

Hempel, C.G. (1952) Fundamentals of concept formation in the Empirical Sciences. Vol. II, No.7 of the International Encyclopedia of Unified Science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Works Cited 487

Hempel, e.G. (1963) Typological methods in social sciences. In M. Natanson (ed.), Philosophy of the Social Sciences: A Reader. New York: Random House.

Hempel, C.G. (1965a) Aspects of Scientific Explanation. New York: Free Press.

Hempel, C.G. (1965b) Empiricist criteria of cognitive significance: problems and changes. In Aspects of Scientific Explanation, pp. 101-122.

Hempel, C.G. (1965c) The theoretician's dilemma: a study in the logic of theory construction. In Aspects of Scientific Explanation, pp. 173-226.

Hesse, M. (1974) The Structure of Scientific Inference. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Hesse, M. (1980) Revolutions and Reconstructions in the Philosophy of Science. Bloomington: University of Indiana Press.

Hintikka, J. (1981) Semantics: a revolt against Frege. In G. Fl0istad (ed.), Contemporary Philosophy, pp. 57-77.

Hjelmslev, L. (1969) Prolegomena to a Theory of Language. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

Hobbes, T. (1983) De Cive. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Holton, G. (1970) Mach, Einstein and the search for reality. In R.S. Cohen and R.J. Seeger (eds.), Ernst Mach, Physicist and Philosopher. Dordrecht: Reidel. pp. 165-199. Originally in Daedalus, 1968.

Holton, G. (1988) Thematic Origins of Scientific Thought. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Honderich, T. (1988) A Theory of Determinism. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Hook, S. (1967) Marxism. The Dictionary of the History ofIdeas, III, pp. 146b-161a.

Hooker, C.A. (1987) A Realistic Theory of Science. Albany: SUNY Press.

Hospers, J. (1953) An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis. New York: Prentice Hall.

Hottois, G. (1983) Heidegger et Wittgenstein. Independent Journal of Philosophy iv, 125-130.

488 Works Cited

Hubner, K. (1983) Critique of Scientific Reason. Translated by P.R. Dixon, Jr. and H.M. Dixon. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Hull, D.L. (1988) Science as Process. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Hull, D.L. (1989) The Metaphysics of Evolution. Albany: SUNY Press.

Humphreys, P. (1989) The Chances of Explanation. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Husserl, E. (1968) Logical Untersuchunger. Tubingen, M. Niemeyer.

Husserl, E. (1970) The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology. Evanston: Northwestern University Press.

Hylton, P. (1984) The nature of the proposition and the revolt against idealism. In R. Rorty, J.B. Schneewind, and Q. Skinner (eds.), Philosophy in History, 375-397.

Hylton, P. (1990a) Russell, Idealism, and the Rise of Analytic Philosophy. New York: Oxford University Press.

Hylton, P. (1990b) Logic in Russell's logicism. In D. Bell and N. Cooper (eds.) The Analytic Tradition. pp. l37-172.

Hylton, P. (1993) Hegel and analytic philosophy. In F.C. Beiser (ed.) The Cambridge Companion to Hegel. pp. 445-485.

Hymes, D. (1974) Review of Noam Chomsky. In G. Harman (ed.) On Noam Chomsky. pp. 316-333.

Jackson, A. (1990) For the love ofwhizdom. Critical Review iv, 345-364.

Jacobs, S. (1993) Science and British Liberalism: Locke, Bentham, Mill and Popper. Gower.

Janik, A. and Toulmin, S. (1973) Wittgenstein's Vienna. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Joad, C.E.M. (1950) A Critique of Logical Positivism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Johnson, W.E. (1892) The logical calculus. Mind.

Joergensen. J. (1951) The Development of Logical Empiricism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Works Cited 489

Kanbartel, F. and Schneider, H.J. (1981) Constructing a pragmatic foundation for semantics. In G.Fl0istad (ed.), Contemporary Philosophy, pp. 155-74.

Kekes,1. (1980) The Nature of Philosophy. Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Littlefield.

Kekes, 1. (1985) The Context of justification. In N. Rescher (ed.) The Heritage of Logical Positivism. pp. 67-81.

Kim, J. (1967) Explanation in science. In P. Edwards (ed.) Encyclopedia of Philosophy, vol. III, 159-163.

Kim, J. (1984) Epiphenomenal and supervenient causation. Midwest Studies 9, pp. 257-70.

Kitcher, P. (1992) The naturalists return. Philosophical Review ci, 53-114.

Kneale, W. (1948) Boole and the revival of logic. Mind lxii, 149-175.

Kneale, W. (1949) Probability and Induction. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Kneale, W. and Kneale, M. (1962) The Development of Logic. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Kornblith, H. (ed.) (1985) Naturalizing Epistemology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Kraft, V. (1952) The Vienna Circle. New York: Philosophical Library.

Kripke, S. (1972) Naming and Necessity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Kripke, S. (1982) Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language. Oxford: Blackwell.

Kuhn, T. (1962) The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Second edition with postscript (1970).

Kukathas, C. and Pettit, P. (1990) Rawls: A Theory of Justice and its Critics. Oxford: Polity Press.

Lakatos, 1. and Musgrave, A. (eds.) (1970) Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

LaMettrie, J. O. [1747 (1960)] L'Homme machine. A. Vartanian (ed.). Princeton: Princeton University Press.

490 Works Cited

Laslett, P. (ed.) (1956) Philosophy, Politics, and Society. Oxford: Blackwell.

Latour, B. (1987) Science in Action. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Laudan, L. (1977) Progress and Its Problems. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Laudan, L. (1984) Science and Values. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Lehrer, K. (ed.) (1966) Freedom and Determinism. New York: Random House.

Lepenies, W. (1984) 'Interesting questions' in the history of philosophy and elsewhere. In R. Rorty, J.B. Schneewind, and Q. Skinner (eds.), Philosophy in History. 141-172.

Levin, M. (1979) Metaphysics and the Mind-Body Problem. New York: Oxford University Press.

Levin, M. (1982) The Nozick phenomenon. Fortune (February 8, 1982), 113-16.

Lewis, C.I. (1918) A Survey of Mathematical Logic. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Lewis, D. (1966) An argument for the identity theory. Journal of Philosophy, lxiii, 17-25.

Lewis, D. (1973) Counterfactuals. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Lewis, D. (1983) New work for a theory of universals. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, Ixi.

Lewis, D. (1986) On the Plurality of Worlds. Oxford: Blackwell.

Lewis, D. (1989) Dispositional theories of value. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society lxiii, 113-137.

Livingston, D. (1984) Hume's Philosophy of Common Life. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Livingston, D. (Forthcoming 1998) Philosophical Melancholy and Delirium: A Study in Hume's Pathology of Philosophy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Locke, J. [1690 (1975)] An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. P.H. Nidditch (ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Works Cited 491

Losee, J. [1972 (1993)] A Historical Introduction to the Philosophy of Science. New York: Oxford University Press.

Lukes, S. (1973) Individualism. Oxford: Blackwell.

Lycan, W.G. (1996) Philosophy of Mind. In Bunnin and Tsui-James (eds.) The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy. pp.167-197.

Lyons, D. (1965) Forms and Limits of Utilitarianism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Lyons, J. (1970) Chomsky. Glasgow: Fontana.

Mably, G.B. (1776) De la legislation, Bayet et Albert (eds.).

MacIntyre, A. (1970) The idea ofa social science. In B.R. Wilson (ed.), Rationality, pp.I-17.

MacIntyre, A. (1981) After Virtue. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press. (1984) 2nd ed.

MacIntyre, A. (1984) The relationship of philosophy to its past. In R. Rorty, 1B. Schneewind, and Q. Skinner (eds.), Philosophy in History, 31-48.

MacIntyre, A. (1988) Whose Justice? Which Rationality. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.

MacIntyre, A. (1990) Three Rival Versions of Moral Enquiry. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.

Mackie, 1L. (1976) Problems from Locke. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Magee, B. (1982) Men ofIdeas. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Malcolm, N. [1958 (1970)] Ludwig Wittgenstein, A Memoir. London: Oxford University Press.

Mandelbaum, M. (1967) Historicism. In P. Edwards (ed.), Encyclopedia of Philosophy, IV, 22-25.

Manicas, P.T. and Secord, P.F. (1983) Implications for psychology of the new philosophy of science. American Psychologist, April, xxxviii, 399-413.

Manicas, P.T. (1987) A History and Philosophy of the Social Sciences. Oxford: Blackwell.

492 Works Cited

Manser, A. (1983) Bradley's Logic. Oxford: Blackwell.

Marcus, RB. (1987) The New York Times (December 29,1987), AI.

Margolis, J. (1984) Philosophy of Psychology. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice­Hall.

Margolis, J. (1986) Pragmatism without Foundation: Reconciling Realism and Relativism. Oxford: Blackwell.

Margolis, J. (1987) Science without Unity: Reconciling the Human and Natural Sciences. Oxford: Blackwell.

Margolis, J. (1988) In defense of relativism. Social Epistemology ii, 201-225.

Margolis, 1. (1993) The Flux of History and the Flux of Science. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Maxwell, G. and Feigl, H. (1961) Why ordinary language needs reforming. Journal o/Philosophy lviii, 488-98.

McCarthy, J. (ed.) (1998) Modern Enlightenment and the Rule of Reason. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press.

McDonough, R.M. (1986) The Argument ofthe 'Tractatus'. Albany, N.Y.: SUNY Press.

McDonough, R.M. (l993a) Linguistic creativity. In R Harre and R Harris (eds.) Linguistics and Philosophy.

McDonough, RM. (1993b) Machine Predictability vs. human creativity. In T. Dartnall (ed.), Artificial Intelligence and Creativity. pp. 117-135.

McDonough, R.M. (1994) Wittgenstein's reversal on the 'language of thought' doctrine. Philosophical Quarterly xliv, 482-494.

McDonough, R.M. (1995a) Kant's argument against the possibility of cognitive science. Proceedings of the Eight International Kant Congress, Hoke Robinson (ed.), (Milwaukee: Marquette University Press) Vol. II, Part I, pp.37-45.

McDonough, RM. (1995b) Kant's 'historicist' alternative to cognitive science. Southern Journal o/Philosophy xxxiii, No.2, 203-219.

McDonough, RM. (1995c) Leibniz's opposition to mechanistic cognitive science. Idealist Studies., xxv, No.2, 175-194.

Works Cited 493

McGinn, C. (1984) Wittgenstein on Meaning. Oxford: Blackwell.

McGinn, C. (1989) Mental Content. New York: Blackwell.

McMullin, E. (1960) The analytic approach to philosophy. Proceedings of the American Catholic Philosophical Association xxxiv, 50-79.

Mill, 1.S. (1960) On Liberty. London: Oxford University Press.

Mill, 1.S. (1969) Autobiography. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Mill, 1.S.(1974) [1843] A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Miller, R. (1983) Fact and method in the social sciences. In D. Sabia and 1. Wallulis (eds.), Changing Social Science. Albany: SUNY Press. pp. 73-101. Reprinted in Boyd, Gasper, and Trout (eds.), The Philosophy of Science. pp. 743-762.

Millikan, R. G. (1984) Language, Thought, and Other Biological Categories. Cambridge, Ma.: MIT Press.

Monk, R. And Palmer, A. (1996) Bertrand Russell and the Origins of Analytical Philosophy. Bristol: Thoemmes.

Monk, R.(1996) What is analytical philosophy? In Monk and Palmer(eds.). pp. 1-21.

Montaigne, M. (1943) Apology for Raymond Sebond. In The Complete works of Montaigne. Translated by D.M. Frame. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

Moore, G.E. (1899) Review of Bertrand Russell, An Essay on the Foundations of Geometry (Cambridge 1897). Mind viii, 420-22.

Moore, G.E. (1903) The Refutation ofIdealism. Mind xii, 433-53.

Moore, G.E. [1903 (1956)] Principia Ethica. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Moore, G.E. (1925) A defense of common sense. In J.H. Muirhead (ed.), Contemporary British Philosophy, pp. 193-223.

Moore, G.E. (1951) [1922] Philosophical Studies. New York: Humanities Press.

Moore, G.E. (1954) Wittgenstein's Lectures in 1930-33. Mind lxiii, 289-316. Reprinted in G.E. Moore, Philosophical Papers.

494 Works Cited

Moore, G.E. (1959) Philosophical Papers. London: Allen & Unwin.

Morris, C.W. (1937) Logical Positivism, Pragmatism, and Scientific Empiricism. Paris: Hermann.

Muirhead, lH. (ed.) (1925) Contemporary British Philosophy. London: Allen & Unwin.

Mulvaney, RJ. and Zeltner, P.M. (eds.) (1981) Pragmatism: Its Sources and Prospects. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press.

Mundie, C.W.K. (1979) A Critique of Linguistic Philosophy. London: Glover & Blair.

Munitz, M.K. (1981) Contemporary Analytic Philosophy. New York, Macmillan.

Mure, G.R.G. (1958) The Retreat from Truth. Oxford: Blackwell.

Nagel, E. (1936) Impressions and appraisals of analytic philosophy in Europe. Journal of Philosophy xxxiii, 5-53. Reprinted in E. Nagel, Logic without Metaphysics.

Nagel, E. (1956) Logic without Metaphysics and Other Essays in the Philosophy of Science. Glencoe, IL.: Free Press.

Nagel, E. (1961) The Structure of Science. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World.

Nagel, T. (1965) Physicalism. Philosophical Review lxxiv, 339-356.

Nagel, T. (1970) The Possibility of Altruism. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Nagel, T. (1986) The View from Nowhere. New York: Oxford University Press.

Neurath, 0., Camap, R. and Morris, C. (eds.) (1955) [1938] International Encyclopedia of Unified Science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Neurath, O. (1973) Empiricism and Sociology. Dordrecht: Reidel.

Neville, R.C. (1981) Reconstruction of Thinking. Albany: SUNY Press.

Nielsen, K. (1967) Ethics, Problems of. In P. Edwards (ed.), Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Vol. III, 117-134.

Noonan, H. (1996) The 'Gray's Elegy' argument - and others. In Monk and Palmer. pp.65-102.

Works Cited 495

Novak, M. (1993) The Catholic Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. Glencoe: Free Press.

Nozick, R. (1974) Anarchy, State and Utopia. New York: Basic Books.

Nozick, R. (1981) Philosophical Explanations. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Nozick, R. (1990) The Examined Life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Oakeshott, M. (195111989) "Political Education" reprinted in T. Fuller (ed.), The Voice of Liberal Learning. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Oakeshott, M. (196111991) "The Masses in Representative Democracy" reprinted in T. Fuller (ed.), Rationalism in Politics and Other Essays.

Oakeshott, M. (1991) Rationalism in Politics and Other Essays. T. Fuller (ed.), Indianapolis: Liberty Press.

O'Hear, A. (1991) Wittgenstein and the transmission oftraditions. In A. Phillips Griffiths (ed.), Wittgenstein: Centenary Essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 41-60.

Ortega Y Gasset ([1946] 1963) Concord and Liberty. New York: Norton.

Ortega Y Gasset ([1932] 1985) The Revolt of the Masses. Translated by Anthony Kerrigan. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.

Pap, A. (1949) The Elements of Analytical Philosophy. New York: Macmillan.

Papineau, D. (1996) Philosophy of science. In Bunnin and Tsui-James (eds.)pp.290-324.

Passmore, J. [1957 (1966)] A Hundred Years of Philosophy. Baltimore: Penguin.

Passmore, J. (1967) Philosophy, historiography of. In P. Edwards (ed.) The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, vol. VI, pp. 226-30.

Passmore, J. (1985) Recent Philosophers. LaSalle, IL.: Open Court.

Paul, E.F., Miller, F.W., Jr., Paul, J. and Ahrens, 1. (eds.) (1988) The New Social Contract. Oxford: Blackwell.

Pears, D. (1971) Wittgenstein. London: Fontana.

496 Works Cited

Pears, D. (1987) The False Prison: A Study of the Development of Wittgenstein's Philosophy. New York: Oxford University Press.

Perry, T.D. (1986) Professional Philosophy. Dordrecht: Reidel.

Pettit, P. and McDowell, J. (eds.) (1986) Subject. Thought, and Context. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Pettit, P. (1993) The contribution of analytical philosophy. In R.E. Goodin and P. Pettit (eds.), A Companion to Contemporary Political Thought, pp. 7-38.

Pettit, P. and Goodwin, R. (eds.) (1993) A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy. Oxford: Blackwell.

Philips Griffiths, A. (1991) Wittgenstein: Centenary Essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Polanyi, M. (1958) Personal Knowledge. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Popkin, R. (1964) The History of Scepticism. New York: Harper.

Popper, K. (1950) The Open Society and Its Enemies. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Popper, K. [1934 (1959]) The Logic of Scientific Discovery. New York: Basic Books.

Popper, K. (1962) Conjectures and Refutations. New York: Basic Books.

Popper, K. (1982a) Quantum Theory and the Schism in Physics. Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Littlefield.

Popper, K. (1982b) The Open Universe. Totowa: Rowman and Littlefield.

Popper, K. (1983) Realism and the Aim of Science. Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Littlefield.

Powers, L.H. (1986) On philosophy and its history. Philosophical Studies I, 1-38.

Prichard, H.A. (1912) Does moral philosophy rest on a mistake? Mind.

Price, H.H. (1940) Hume's Theory of the External World. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Putnam, H. (1960) Men and machines. In S. Hook (ed.) Dimensions of Mind. New York: New York University Press, 138-64.

Works Cited 497

Putnam, H. (1962) The analytic and the synthetic. Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science iii. 358-397.

Putnam, H. (1974) The refutation of conventionalism. Nous viii, 25-40.

Putnam, H. (1975a) [1967] The mental life of some machines. In Mind, Language, and Reality. Philosophical Papers, Vol. II. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 408-428.

Putnam, H. (1975b) Is semantics possible? In Mind, Language, and Reality. Philosophical Papers, vol. II. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 139-152.

Putnam, H. (1975c) The meaning of 'meaning'. In Mind, Language, and Reality. Philosophical Papers, vol. II New York: Cambridge University Press.

Putnam, H. (1981) Truth and History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Putnam, H. (1983) Realism and Reason: Philosophical Papers, vol. 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Putnam, H. (1985) After empiricism. In J. Rajchman and Cornel West (eds.), Post­Analytic Philosophy, pp. 20-30.

Putnam, H. (1987) The Many Faces of Realism. LaSalle, IL.: Open Court.

Quine, W.v.O. (1948) On what there is. Review of Metaphysics ii, 21-38. Reprinted in From a Logical point of View, pp 1-19.

Quine, V.V.O. (1951) Two dogmas of empiricism. Philosophical Review_Ix, 20-43. Reprinted in From a Logical Point of View, pp. 20-46.

Quine, W.V.O. (1953) From a Logical Point of View. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Quine, W.V.O. (1960) Word and Object. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Quine, W.V.O., (1969a) Ontological Relativity. New York: Columbia University Press.

Quine, W.v.O. (1969b) Epistemology naturalized. In Ontological Relativity, pp. 69-90.

Quine, W.V.O. (1969c) Natural kinds. In Ontological Relativity, pp. 114-138.

498 Works Cited

Quine, W.V.O. and Ullian, 1.S. (1970) Web of Belief. New York: Random House.

Quine, W.V.O. (1973) The Roots of Reference. LaSalle, Canada: Open Court.

Quine, W.V.O. (1975) Nature and natural knowledge. In S. Guttenplan (ed.) Mind and Language. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Quine, W.V.O. (1979) Has Philosophy lost contact with people? Newsday (November 18,1979).

Quine, W.v.O. (1981a) Theories and Things. Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press.

Quine, W.v.O. (1981 b) The Pragmatists' place in empiricism. In R.1. Mulvaney and P. M. Zeltner (eds.), Pragmatism: Its Sources and Prospects. , pp. 23-39.

Quinton, A. (1964) Contemporary British Philosophy. In D.l. O'Connor (ed.), A Critical History of Western Philosophy. Glencoe: Free Press, 530-56.

Railton, P. (1984) Marx and the objectivity of science. Philosophy of Science Association ii, 813-825. Reprinted in Boyd, Gasper, and Trout, The Philosophy of Science.

Railton, P. (1986) Moral realism. Philosophical Review xcv, 163-207.

Rajchman,1. and West, C. (1985) Post-Analytic Philosophy. New York: Columbia University Press.

Ramsey, F.P. (1925) The Foundations of Mathematics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Randall, 1.H. (1958) Nature and Historical Experience. New York: Columbia University Press.

Randall, 1.H. (1962) The Career of Philosophy. New York: Columbia University Press.

Rasmussen, D.B. and Den Uyl, D.l. (1991) Liberty and Nature: An Aristotelian Defense of Order. La Salle, IL.: Regnery.

Rasmussen, D.B. and Den Uyl, D.l. (1997) Liberalism Defended: The Challenge of Post-Modernity. London: Elgar.

Rawls, 1. (1971) A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Works Cited 499

Rawls, 1. (1974-75) The independence of moral theory. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Association, xlviii, 5-22. Presidential Address.

Rawls, J. (1980) Kantian constructivism in moral theory. Journal of Philosophy Ixxvii,515-572.

Rawls, J. (1985) Justice as fairness: political, not metaphysical. Philosophy and Public Affairs xiv, 223-251.

Rawls, 1. (1993) Political Liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press.

Ree, J., Ayers, M., and Westoby, A. (1978) Philosophy and Its Past. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press.

Reichenbach, H. (1951) The Rise of Scientific Philosophy. Berkeley: University of Californ ia Press.

Rescher, N. (1973a) The Coherence Theory of Truth. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Rescher, N. (1973b) The Primacy of Practice. Oxford: Blackwell.

Rescher, N. (1977) Methodological Pragmatism. Oxford: Blackwell.

Rescher, N. (1978) Scientific Progress. Oxford: Blackwell.

Rescher, N. (ed.) (1985a) The Heritage of Logical Positivism. Lanham: University Press of America.

Rescher, N. (1985b) The Strife of Systems: An Essay on the Grounds and Implications of Philosophical Diversity. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.

Rescher, N. (1992) Human Knowledge in Idealistic Perspective. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Resnick, M. (198 I) Frege and analytic philosophy: facts and speculations. In P.A. French, T.E. Uehling, Jr., and H.K. Wettstein (eds.), The Foundations of Analytic Philosophy. Volume VI of Midwest Studies in Philosophy. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. 83-103.

Romanos, G. (1983) Quine and Analytic Philosophy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Rorty, R. (ed.) (1967) The Linguistic Turn. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Rorty, R. (1972) The world well lost. Journal of Philosophy lxix, 649-665.

500 Works Cited

Rorty, R. (1979) Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Rorty, R. (1982a) The fate of philosophy. The New Republic (Oct. 18, 1982),28-34.

Rorty, R. (1982b) Consequences of Pragmatism. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Rorty, R., Schneewind, lB., and Skinner, Q. (eds.) (1984) Philosophy in History. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Rorty, R. (1984) The historiography of philosophy: four genres. In Rorty, R., J.B. Schneewind, and Q. Skinner (eds.), Philosophy in History, 49-76.

Rorty, R. (1985) Solidarity or objectivity. In J. Rajchman and C. West (eds.), Post­Analytic Philosophy.

Rosen, S. (1980) The Limits of Analysis. New York: Basic Books.

Rosenthal, D.M. (1989), Philosophy and its history. In Cohen and Dascal (eds.) The Institution of Philosophy. pp. 141-176.

Ruben, D.H. (1990) Explaining Explanation. London: Routledge.

Rudner, R.S. (1966) Philosophy of Social Science. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall.

Russell, B. (1896) German Social Democracy. London: Longmans, Green.

Russell, B. (1897) An Essay on the Foundations of Geometry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Russell, B. (1905) On denoting. Mind xiv, 479-493. Reprinted in Russell, R.C. Marsh (ed.).

Russell, B. and Whitehead, A.N. (1910-1913) Principia Mathematica. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Russell, B. (1910) The elements of ethics. Philosophical Essays. London: George Allen & Unwin. Reprinted in Sellars and Hospers (eds.) Readings in Ethical Theory. pp. 1-32.

Russell, B. (1912) Our Knowledge ofthe External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy. Chicago: Open Court.

Russell, B. (1917) Mysticism and Logic. London: Longmans Green.

Works Cited 501

Russell, B. (1918) Roads to Freedom: Socialism, Anarchism and Syndicalism. London: George Allen & Unwin.

Russell, B. (l920) Bolshevism: Practice and Theory. New York: Harcourt, Brace.

Russell, B. (1927) The Analysis of Matter. London: Kegan Paul.

Russell, B. (1928) Sceptical Essays. London: Allen and Unwin.

Russell, B. (1935) Religion and Science. New York: Oxford University Press.

Russell, B. (1937a) [1903] Principles of Mathematics. New York: W.W. Norton.

Russell, B. (1937b) [1900] A Critical Exposition of the Philosophy of Leibniz. London: Allen & Unwin.

Russell, B. (1938) Power: A New Social Analysis. London: Allen & Unwin.

Russell, B. (1940) An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth. New York: W.W. Norton.

Russell, B. (1945) History of Western Philosophy. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Russell, B. (1956) [1918/1919] The philosophy oflogical atomism. Monist xxviii, 495-552; xxix, 33-63, 190-222,344-80. In R.C. Marsh (ed.) Logic and Knowledge. Essays, 1901-1950. London: Allen & Unwin.

Russell, B. (1959a) My Philosophical Development. London: Allen & Unwin.

Russell, B. (1959b) [1912] The Problems of Philosophy. New York: Oxford University Press.

Russell, B. (1959c) Common Sense and Nuclear Warfare. London: George Allen & Unwin.

Russell, B. (1961) [1921] Analysis of Mind. London: Allen & Unwin.

Russell, R. (1967-69) The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell. London: Allen & Unwin.

Russell, B. (1967) War Crimes in Vietnam. With Christopher Farley, Ralph Schoenman, and Russell Stetler. London: George Allen & Unwin.

Ryan, A. (1988) Bertrand Russell: A Political Life. London: Allen Lane.

502 Works Cited

Ryle, G. (1928) Heidegger's 'Sein und Zeit'. Mind xxxviii. Reprinted in Ryle, Collected Papers, vol. I, pp. 197-214.

Ryle, G. (1932) Systematically misleading expressions Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society xxxii, 139-170. Reprinted in Collected Essays (I 971), vol. 2, pp. 39-62. Reprinted in R. Rorty (ed.) The Linguistic Turn.

Ryle, G. (1949a) The Concept of Mind. New York: Barnes and Noble.

Ryle, G. (1949b) Discussion ofRudolfCarnap: 'Meaning and Necessity' Philosophy xxiv, 69-76. Reprinted in Collected Essays (1971), vol. 1, pp. 225-235.

Ryle, G. (1961) Use, usage and meaning. Proceedings of the Aristotelian society, Supplementary Volume xxxv, 223-230.

Ryle, G. (1971) Collected Papers vol. I. New York: Barnes and Noble.

Sacks, M. (1989) The World We Found. LaSalle, IL.: Open Court.

Sacks, M. (1990) Through a glass darkly: vagueness in the metaphysics of the analytic tradition. In D. Bell and N. Cooper (eds.) The Analytic Tradition. pp. 173-196.

Sainsbury, M. (1979) Russell. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Sainsbury, M. (1996) Frege and Russell. In Bunnin and Tsui-James. pp.662-677.

Salmon, W. (1984) Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Salmon, W. (1985) Empiricism: the key question. In N. Rescher (ed.) The Heritage of Logical Positivism. pp. 1-21.

Salmon, W. (1990) Four Decades of Scientific Explanation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Sandel, M. (1982) Liberalism and the Limits of Justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Sandel, M. (ed.) (1984) Liberalism and Its Critics. New York: New York University Press.

Santayana, G. (1936) The Last Puritan. New York: Scribners.

Works Cited 503

Santayana, G. (1940) [1913] The philosophy of Bertrand Russell. Winds of Doctrine. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. Reprinted in Sellars and Hospers (eds.), Readings in Ethical Theory as "Hypostatic Ethics", pp. 263-271.

Scharff, R.C. (1995) Comte After Positivism. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Schiller, F.S.C. (1929) Logic for Use. AMS Press.

Schilpp, P.A. (ed.) (1942) The Philosophy of G.E. Moore. The Library of Living Philosophers. New York: Tudor.

Schilpp, P.A. (ed.) (1961) The Philosophy of Bertrand Russell. The Library of Living Philosophers. New York: Tudor.

Schilpp, P.A. (ed.) (1963) The Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap. The Library of Living Philosophers. LaSalle, IL.: Open Court.

Schilpp, P.A. (ed.) (1974) The Philosophy of Karl Popper. The Library of Living Philosophers. LaSalle IL.: Open Court.

Schilpp, P.A., and Hahn, L. (eds.) (1986) The Philosophy ofW.V.O. Quine. The Library of Living Philosophers. LaSalle, IL.: Open Court.

Schlick, M. (1930) The turning point in philosophy. Erkenntnis i, 4-11.

Schlick, M. (1932) The future of philosophy. College of the Pacific Publications in Philosophy i, 45-62. Reprinted in R. Rorty (ed.) The Linguistic Turn. pp. 43-53.

Schlick, M. (1936) Meaning and verification. Philosophical Review xlv, 339-369.

Schlick, M. (1938) The Problems of Ethics. New York: Prentice Hall.

Schlick, M. (1965) When is a man responsible? In Edwards and Pap (eds.), A Modern Introduction to Philosophy, pp. 51-58.

Schneewind, J. (1987) Sidgwick's Ethics and Victorian Moral Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Schneewind, 1. (1992) Seventeenth and eighteenth century ethics. In L.c. Becker and c.B. Becker (eds.), A History of Western Ethics.

Schorske, C.E. (1979) Fin-de-siecle Vienna. New York: Knopf.

504 Works Cited

Scriven, M. (1977) Increasing philosophy enrollments and appointments through better philosophy teaching. Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association I.

Scruton, R. (1995) Modern Philosophy. London: Allen Lane/Penguin.

Searle, J.R. (1980) Minds, brains and programs. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences iii,415-457.

Searle, J.R. (1990) Analytic philosophy and mental phenomena. In J-c. Smith (ed.), Historical Foundations of Cognitive Science, pp. 243-265. This article appeared originally in Midwest Studies in Philosophy 6 (1981), pp. 405-423.

Searle, J.R. (1995) The Construction of Social Reality. New York: Free Press.

Searle, J.R. (1996)Contemporary Philosophy in the United States. In Bunnin and Tsui-James. pp. 1-24.

Sellars, W. and Hospers, J. (1952) Readings in Ethical Theory. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

Sellars, W. (1956) Empiricism and the philosophy of mind. In H. Feigl and M. Scriven (eds.), Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, vol. I. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 253-329.

Sellars, W. (1963) Science, Perception and Reality. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Sellars, W. (1968) Science and Metaphysics. New York: Humanities Press.

Sen, A. and Williams, B. (eds.) (1982) Utilitarianism and Beyond. London: Cambridge University

Seung, T.K. (1992) Intuition and Construction: The Foundation of Normative Theory. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Seung, T.K. (1994) Kant's Platonic Revolution in Moral and Political Philosophy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Shapere, D. (1983) Reason and the Search for Knowledge. Dordrecht: Kluwer.

Shapin, S. and Schaffer, S. (1985) Leviathan and the Air-Pump. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Shotter, J. (1975) Images of Man in Psychological Research. London: Methuen.

Works Cited 505

Skolimowski, H. (1967) Polish Analytical Philosophy. New York: Humanities Press.

Skorupski, 1 (1990) The intelligibility of scepticism. In D. Bell and N. Cooper (eds.) The Analytic Tradition.

Skyrms, B. (1967) The explication of 'x knows that p'. Journal of Philosophy lxiv, 373-89.

Sleigh, R.C. (1990) Leibniz and Arnauld: A Commentary on Their Correspondence. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Sluga, H. (1980) Gottlob Frege. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Sluga, H. (1984) Frege: the early years. In R. Rorty, lB. Schneewind and Q. Skinner (eds.), Philosophy in History, 329-356.

Smart, J.J.C. (1963) Philosophy and Scientific Realism. New York: Humanities.

Smith, B. (1987) Austrian origins of logical positivism. In B. Gower (ed.), Logical Positivism in Perspective: Essays on 'Language, Truth, and Logic'. pp. 35-68.

Smith, lC. (ed.) (1990) Historical Foundations of Cognitive Science. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Smith, P. (1991) Review ofBjom Ramberg's book Donald Davidson's Philosophy of Language. Philosophical Investigations xiv, 280-81.

Sober, E. (1993) Philosophy of Biology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Sorabji, R. (1969) Aristotle and Oxford philosophy. American Philosophical Quarterly vi, 127-135.

Sorell, T. (1991) Scientism. London: Routledge.

Sosa, E. (1987) Serious philosophy and freedom of spirit. Journal of Philosophy lxxiv, 707-726.

Stevenson, C.L. (1937) The emotive meaning of ethical terms. Mind xlvi,

Stevenson, C.L. (1943) Ethics and Language. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Stich. S. (1983) From Folk Psychology to Cognitive Science: The Case Against Belief. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

506 Works Cited

Stockman, N. (1983) Antipositivist Theories of the Sciences. Dordrecht: Reidel.

Strauss, L. (1953) Natural Right and History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Strauss, L. (1959) What is Political Philosophy. Glencoe, IL.: Humanities Press.

Strauss, L. (1989) An Introduction to Political Philosophy. H. Gildin (ed.). Detroit: Wayne State University Press.

Strawson, G. (1991) Freedom and Belief. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Strawson, P.F. (1950) On referring. Mind lix, 320-44.

Strawson, P.F. (1959) Individuals. London: Methuen.

Strawson, P.F. (1963) Camap's views on constructed systems vs. natural languages in analyticphilosophy. In P.A. Schilpp (ed.), The Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap, 503-18.

Strawson, P.F. (1974) Freedom and Resentment and Other Essays. London: Methuen.

Strawson, P.F. (1975) The Bounds of Sense. London: Methuen.

Stroud, B. (1984) The Significance of Philosophical Scepticism. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Tarski, A. (1944) The Semantic conception of truth and the foundations of theoretical semantics. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research iv, 341-376. Reprinted in Feigl and Sellars (eds.) Readings in Philosophical Analysis.

Tarski, A. (1956) Logic, Semantics Metamathematics. Tr. J.H. Woodger. London: Oxford University Press.

Taylor, C. (1975) Hegel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Taylor, C. (1982) The diversity of goods. In A. Sen and B. Williams (eds.), Utilitarianism and Beyond. pp. 129-144.

Taylor, C. (1984) Philosophy and its history. In Rorty, Schneewind, and Skinner (eds.) Philosophy in History. pp. 17-30.

Taylor, C. (1992) Ethics of Authenticity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Works Cited 507

Toulmin, S.E. (1972) Human Understanding. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Trout, J.D. (1991) The philosophy of Psychology. In R. Boyd, P. Gasper, and J.D. Trout (eds.), The Philosophy of Science. pp. 605-614.

Turing, A.M. (1950) Computing machiney and intelligence. Mind Iix, 433-460.

Turnbull, R. (1979) Philosophy in higher education. Teaching Philosophy iii, 23-35.

Turnbull, R. (1988) Aristotle and philosophy now. In P.H. Hare (ed.), Doing Philosophy Historically. pp. 117-126.

Unger, P. (1968) An analysis of factual knowledge. Journal of Philosophy lxv, 157-70.

Unger, R. (1986) The Critical Legal Studies Movement. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Urmson, 1.0. (1956) Philosophical Analysis. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Van Fraassen, B.c. (1980) The Scientific Image. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Van Fraassen, B.C, (1989) Laws and Symmetries. New York: Oxford University Press.

Van Fraassen, B.c. (1990 unpublished) Against naturalized empiricism. Paper read at the Quine Conference in San Marino, CA.

Van Heijenoort, J. (1967) Godel's theorem. In P. Edwards (ed.), Encyclopedia of Philosophy, III, 348-357.

Voegelin, E. (1952) The New Science of Politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Von Mises, R. (1951) Positivism, A Study in Human Understanding. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Von Wright, G.H. (1971) Explanation and Understanding. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

Von Wright, G.H. (1989) The Philosophy of Georg Henrik Von Wright. P.A. Schilpp and L.E. Hahn (eds.). La Salle, IL.: Open Court.

508 Works Cited

Von Wright, G.H. (1993) Analytic philosophy: a historico-critical survey. In The Tree of Knowledge and Other Essays. Leiden: Brill.

Warnock, G.1. (1958) English Philosophy Since 1900. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Watkins, 1.W.N. (1957) Historical explanation in the social sciences. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science viii, 104-117. Reprinted in Boyd, Gasper, and Trout (eds.), The Philosophy of Science, as Methodological individualism and social tendencies. pp. 733-742.

Watson, R.A. (1993) Shadow history in philosophy. Journal of the History of Philosophy xxxi, 95-123.

Wedberg, A. (1984) A History of Philosophy, III (Bolzano to Wittgenstein). Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Weinberg, J. (1936) A Critical Examination of Logical Positivism. London: Kegan Paul.

Weingartner, R.H. (1961) The quarrel about historical explanation. Journal of Philosophy lviii, 29-45.

Welchman,1. (1989) G.E. Moore and the revolution in ethics: a reappraisal. History of PhilosophyQuarterly vi, 317-329.

Weldon, T.D. (1953) The Vocabulary of Politics. Baltimore: Penguin Books.

West, C. (1985) The politics of American neo-pragmatism. In 1. Rajchman and C. West (eds.), Post-Analytic Philosophy, pp. 259-275.

Wiener, P.P. (ed.) (1967) Dictionary ofthe History ofIdeas. New York. Scribner's.

Wiggins, D. (1976) Truth, invention and the meaning of life. Proceedings of the British Academy Ixii.

Wilson, B.R. Rationality. Oxford, Blackwell.

Wilson, M.D. (1992) History of philosophy in philosophy today; and the case of the sensible qualities. Philosophical Review ci, 191-243.

Winch P. (1958) The Idea ofa Social Science and its Relation to Philosophy. New York: Humanities Press.

Wittgenstein, L. (1958a) Philosophical Investigations. Oxford: Blackwell.

Works Cited 509

Wittgenstein, L. (I 958b) The Blue and Brown Books. New York: Harper & Row.

Wittgenstein, L. (l96la) Tractatus-Logico-Philosophicus. New York: Humanities Press.

Wittgenstein, L. (l961b) Notebooks. New York: Harper.

Wittgenstein, L. (1965) A lecture on ethics. Philosophical Review lxxiv, 3-11.

Wittgenstein, L. (1969) On Certainty. Oxford: Blackwell.

Wittgenstein, L. (1973) Letters to c.K. Ogden. Ed. and trans. by G.H. von Wright. Oxford: Blackwell.

Wittgenstein, L. (1974) Letters to Russell, Keynes, and Moore. Ed. and trans. by G.H. von Wright. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.

Wittgenstein, L. (1980) Culture and Value. Oxford: Blackwell.

Woodfield, A. (ed.) (1982) Thought and Object. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Worrall, 1. (1989) Fix it and be damned. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science xxxix, 376-388.

INDEX

A

a priori ..... 3,6,9,10,26,29,58,78,79,81,82,84,85,89,91,125, 128, 129, 154,155,169,173,179,185,197,201,261,276,456

absolute idealism .............. 0 ••••• 0 0 •••••• 0 0 •••••• 0 27, 31, 112, 423 abstract ......... 6,29,46,47,55,57,77,78,80,82,112, 114, 139, 141, 156,

157,167,172,175,187,194,195,210,226,253,262, 274,297,349,377,379,380,425

abyss of exploration ...... 0 4, 8-11,170,172,173,186,187,215,337,371,375 Achinstein, P .... 0 ••••••• 0 0 • 0 •••••••••• 0 ••••••••• 0 •••• 0 0 • • • • • • •• 470 active intellect ........... 0 •••• 19,52, 157, 159-161, 164, 179, 194,249,251 Adorno, ToW .................................... 00 •••••••• 00 17,470 Agassi, J. . 0 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0 0 • • • •• 59, 122,470 agency .. 5, 13,29,30,57,78,79,83,84,97, 115, 118, 126, 174,200-202,204-

206,209,225,247,257,279,296,299,301,302,308,310,331, 333,335,338,354,358,363,366-368,394,405,426,

428,429,445,450,455,458 Ahrens, Jo 0 ••••• 0 ••••••• 0 0 ••••••• '0' •• 0 ••••••••• 0 ••• 0 •••• 0 0 319,495 Aiken, H.D .............. 0 •••••••••••••••••••••• 0 •••••••• 000 31,471 Alston, WoP ...................................... 0 •••••• 94,451,470 American Philosophical Association ... 0 ••••••• 0 0 •••• 41,402,455,499,504 analysis .. 0 0.0 ••••••••• 12, 17, 19,27-29,43,47,52,66,68,79-81,84,92-95,

97-99,101,112,122,127,129,162,165-167, 169,170,180, 181, 194, 196, 199,200,202, 206,207,210-213,217,224-228,230,245, 246,249,251,252,255,259,266,268,295, 308,317-320,322-324,326,327,334,337, 350,357,364,365,367-371,376,377,402, 425,444,447,449,450,456,457,472,473,

476,477,481,486,487, 500,501,506,507

analytic conversation .. 1-4,6-11,30,63,65,67,76,93,98, 103, 120, 142, 144, 201,245,320,424,446,449

analytic philosophy 000. 1-4,6,7,9-11, 19,27-31,33,41,44,48,50,55,56,59-61,65-68,75,76,78-81,83,86,88-93,95,97,98,

100-103,112, 114,118-126,128,130-133,135, 137-139,142-144,153,162,166,170,172,174, 180,183-186,185,194-204,206,208-210,212,

215-216,218,219,221,222,225-227,229,230, 245,249,250,253-255,257,258,264, 265,267,268,271-274,277,279,292,

294-298,300-302,306,308-310,318-321,324,326,327,329,331,336, 349, 358-363, 366, 373, 393-399, 401-408,413,414,417-429,442-450,452-459,470,474,475,480, 485,488,494, 497-500, 504, 508

analytic-synthetic distinction .......... 0 0 0 •• 61,127,136,142, 195,203,227 Anscombe, G.E.M ................. 0 •• 0 0 •••••••• 0 0 ••••••• 123,174,470 anti-agency ... 13,30,57,79,83,84,97,126,174,200,201,204,205,209,225,

247,257,296,331,335,358,366,367,394,405,426,428,429,

Index 511

445,450,455 anti-realism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 210 anti-systematic philosophy .................................... 121, 122 Apel, K-O. .................................................... 470 applied ethics ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 337,338 Aquinas, St. Thomas .............................. 47,78, 113, 159, 160 Archard, D ................................................. 381,470 Arendt, H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .467 Aristotelianism ... 44,48,77,80,83,97, 112-119, 126-129, 131, 135, 142, 144,

153,155,156,187,201,221,227,229,275,358,379,426 Aristotle ... 18,44-46,50,113-115,123,126,132,134,155-159,164,178,179,

197,225,272,298,337,369,381,395,398,399,407,412,415, 425,473,484,505,507

Armstrong, D.M ..................................... 49,251,257,470 artificial intelligence (AI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 255, 260 atomism. 12,28,88,97,161,162,181,182,251,253,294,295,297, 319, 353,

477,501 Aufbau ......................................... 31,95,249,265,475 Augustine, St. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 112, 159,275 Austin, J.L. ................... " 93, 123,227,229,245,364,373,470,482 autonomy of science .................... 19,20,65,76,85,88,90,102,245 A verr/)es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18 Avineri, S ................................................. 381,470 axiology ............. 13,19,27,200,295,306,367,378,379,445,448,455 axiom of infinity .............................................. 87,86 axiomatization ............................................... 50, 58 Ayer, A.J .. 30,172,183,227,229,250,319,333,399,427,449,470,471,475,

476 Ayers, M .............................................. 403,471,499

B

Bacon, F ........................................ 19-21,44,47,54,351 Baier, K. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 325, 326,471 Baillie, 1. .................................................. 24, 471 Baldwin, T .............................................. 28,205,471 Barker, S.F. . .................................................. 470 Barnes, W.F.H .............................................. 471, 502 Barrett, W. ............................................... 1,31,471 Barry, B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 362,404,471 Bar-Hillel, Y ............................................... 211,471 Baynes, K. .............................................. 1,470,471 Bealer, G .................................................. 259,471 Beck, L.W ..................................................... 471 Becker, C.L. ................................... " ... 17,471,480,503 behaviorism ................... 202,209,230,250,251,256,259,272,279 Beiser, F.C ................................................. 471,488 Bell, D .......................... 1, 194,423,426,472,474,488,502,505 Bennett,J ........................... 394,400,402-405,410,427,448,472 Bentham,J ........................ 23,31,292,317,354-356,361,472,488 Bergmann, G ............................................ 30,452,472

512 Index

Bergson, H ................................................ 135,472 Berkeley, G ............ 44, 164, 165, 169,227,257,307,396,405,476,487,

490,492,499 Berlin, I. ......................................... 17,18,30,472,475 Bhaskar, R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 269, 298, 300, 305, 472 Biro, J ........................................................ 402 Black, M .............................................. 471,472,482 Blackburn, S ......................................... 42,44,330,472 Blanshard, B ................................................... 472 Block, N. ................................................. 312,472 Block, I. ........................................................ 472 Bloom, A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 17, 369, 388, 472 Bloor, D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 92,473 Bonham, J ............................................... 1,470,471 Boole, G ...................................... 79,81,82,86,473,489 Borradori, G .............................. 1, 102, 103,349,377-380,473 Boyd,R .................... 44,261,320,473,479,483,493,498,507,508 Bradley,F.H .................... 27,28,77,79,80,119,227,427,444,481 Braithwaite, R.B ............................................. 55,473 Brentano, F ..................................... 170-172,175,176,473 Broad, C.D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . ............................. 473 Brodbeck, M ........................................... 292,481,486 Brouwer, L.E.J ......................................... 133,206,473 Brown, J.R. ................................................ 92,473 Bunnin,N ............................. 470,472,474,491,495,502,504 Burge, T ........................ 81,256,268-270,274,279,373,426,474 Bury, J.B ................................................... 24,474

c

Cabanis, P.J.G ............................................ 17,19,474 Capaldi, N ........ 28,51,58, 113, 139,207,303,317,358,382,400,474,475 Camap, R. ............... 29-32,42,44,53,54,57,60,76,81,95, 122, 127,

137, 186, 195, 197,200,201,203,210,211, 249-251,265,319,358-360,395,445,453,

454,475,476,494,502,503,506 Carroll, L. ..................................................... 206 Carruthers, P. .......................................... 425, 426, 476 Cartesian ...................... 102, 130,207,227,246,257,258,474,476 Cartwright, N ............................................... 67,476 Cassirer, E. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20, 22, 476 Castafieda, H.N .............................................. 42,475 casuistry .................................................. 321,338 causal theory of meaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 213 causality ................... 14,44,45,47,48, 50, 78, 79, 268, 298, 300, 330 causation ...................... 46-52, 55, 112, 165,272,298,301,474,489 Charlton, W ........................... 1, 194, 199,444,447-449,455,476 Chisholm, R.M ...................................... 43,251,333,476 ChomskY,N ............... 92,135,201,209,210,227,251,252,258,260,

273,402,453,476,485,488,491 Christian ............... 17,25,31,32,39,163,247,323,349,351,382,411

Index 513

Churchland, P.M ................................. 276-279, 287, 290, 291, 476,477

Churchland, P.S .................................. 276-279,287,290,477 Clark, R.W. . ............................................... 29,477 classical liberalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 354,355, 370 cognitive science ................... 181,255,259,457,471,492,504,505 Cohen, A ................................................ 1,477,500 Cohen, L.J. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 216,229,361,362,445,447,458,

476,487,500 Cohen, L. .................................................... 395, 476 coherence problem .................................. 162,164,166,177 coherence theory of truth ...................... 27, 142, 182,381,479,499 collectivism ....................................... 143,274,303,379 Collingwood, R.G ............................ 44,226,227,404,416,477 Collins, H ..................................................... 477 common law ............................................... 411,417 common sense 3,22,28,31,53,77,83,91,93,98,99, 101, 102, 115, 130, 132,

143, 157, 165, 171, 196, 199,201,205,208,222,224-226,249, 257,261-264,270-274,276,277,293,294,296,299, 302,305,308,321-323,325,331,332,338,362,366,

442,455,493,501 communitarian ......................................... 374,377,381 Comte, A ............................................. 21,30,31,503 Condillac, E.B .............................. 17-21,26,121,246,352,477 conditionals ...................... 29,49,51,52,80,81,86,126,213,301 Condorcet, A.N. de .................................... 17,21,22,477 Constant, B .................................................... 385 Consuegra, F.A. Rodriguez .................................... 88,477 Continental philosophy ...................................... 336, 449 convention ............................................ 159,178,212 Cooper, N ................................... 1,472,474,488,502,505 Copernican .......... 26-29,43,44,51,58,62,77-79,84,85,93,96,97,101,

113-115,117-119,122,132,158,161,169,171, 176,178,179,194,196,200,202,205-209,

212,214,224-229,249,256,266,336, 394,397,400,404,452,474

Copernican revolution in philosophy ...... 26,44,58,78,79,85, 113, 161, 169, 176,194,205,214,225-229,

256,394 Copleston, F.C .................................................. 477 Cornforth, M.C. ........................................ 373,379,478 Corrado, M ................................................ 443,478 correspondence theory of truth .................. 67,82, 136, 182,216,278 cosmic order. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5,6,375 counterfactual ........................................... 49,212,213 covering law model of explanation ............................. 292, 393 Cranston, M ................................................ 351,478 Creat, R ....................................................... 478 Creighton, I.E ................................................... 41 critical legal studies ......................................... 373, 507 Croce, B. ..................................................... 404

514 Index

Cummins, R.C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 255, 478 Curley, E .................................................. 404,478

D

D'Alembert, J. . ................................. 16, 18-20,30,350,478 D'Amico, R. .................................................. 407,435 D'Holbach, P.H.D ................................... 16,19,20,25,316 Danto, A.C .......................................... 1,408,418,478 Dartnall, T ................................................. 478,492 Darwall, S ...................... 319,320,323,325,329,330, 333-336,478 Darwin, C. ............................................ 126, 319, 395 Dascal, M. .............................................. 1,477,500 Dauenhauer, B.P ............................................ 478,480 Davidson, D. ... 66,95, 102, 123, 128, 167,202,216,219,220,257,261,268,

400,453,478,479 dedicto ................................................... 131,215 de re ................................................. 131,215,220 deduction .......................... 27,45,48,49,51,54-56, 79, 155,336 definition .... 8, 17,24,29,79,94, 112,223,226,308, 367, 396, 397, 405, 413,

423,443-446,449,450,453 deism ...................................................... 18, 20 democracy .. 23,31,246,302,319,320,351,352,354-356,358,359, 363,494,

500 Den Uyl, D.l. .............................................. 382, 498 Dennett, D.C ............ 245,251,255,257,261-263,265,267,268,279,479 Descartes, R. 19-22,25,44,47,50, 112, 114, 116, 161, 163, 164,246,247,258,

264,270,273,275,307,395,417,419,427,450,451 determinism ....... 14,19,23,31,131,200,210,230,264,272,296,299,303,

322,323,328,331,332,352-354,363,367,369,443,483, 487,490

Dewey, J ................................... 77,201,253,413,451,479 Diderot, D .................................... 17,21,31,246,351,478 Dilman, I. ..................................... 202,204,219,220,479 Dilthey, W ................................................. 112,307 Dodds, E.R. ................................................ 24, 479 Donagan, A .................................... 323,325,397,479,480 Double, R ................................................. 331,480 Dray, W ................................................... 293,480 dualism ........... 20, 113, 114, 122, 130, 140, 182, 183,227,248,249,257,

259,263,264,301,302,307,332 Duhem, P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 31,59, 127,480 Dummett,M .... 1,29,42,44, 125,206,208,210,214,229,230,278,425-427,

452,480 Dupont de Nemours, H.A .......................................... 351 Dupre, L. ................................................. 393,480 Durkheim, E. ................................................... 92 Dworkin, R ............................. 366,369,372,373,377-379,480

Index 515

E

Eames, E.R .......................................... 28,76,181,480 Edwards,P ............. 470,471,473,480-482,489,491,494,495,503,507 efficient causation ............................................... 51 Einstein, A ............................. 30,50,61,64, 126,359,457,487 elimination .... 2-4 (defined), 6, 7, 90-95, 97, 99, 100, 127, 129, 130, 132, 136,

137,184,198-202,208-210,215,217,219,227,247, 249-251,257,258,264,267,270,274,276-279,

293,296,301,304-306,309,318-321,337,361, 362,366,383,393,395,408,450,453,454,

457,476 emotivism ..................... 319,320,324,325,327,329,337,362,363 empiricism ...... 18, 19,25,27,28,30,43-45,54,55,57,59,81,97,125,128,

142,164,169,195,201,203,204,209,212,215,217, 218,227,228,259,266,321,350,357,360,361,363,

374,379,396,416,428,449,453,475, 481,488,494,497,498,502,504,507

empiricist ... 12,26,48,55,65,82, 119, 125, 126, 128, 129, 194,202,209,212, 216,229,249,257,258,266,309,361,401,453,487

Enlightenment .................... 2,3,5-12, 143, 144,218,279,349-360, 457-459,470,476,482,492

Enlightenment Project ..... 2,3,5-12,16,17,18,20-28,30-33,41,44,48,50, 51,63-68,75-77,83,88,89,93,99-102,112,114,

119-121,124,153,159,170,174,186,194,209, 229,245-249,253,259,269-271,292,

295,307,308,317-319,321,326, 329,331,332,336,349-353, 355-359,362,371,373,374, 376,377,382,393,395-397, 407,408,422,442-444,446,

450,451,455,457,475 Epimenides ................................................ 133, 136 epiphenomena .............................................. 13,353 epistemological agenda .......................... 194,215,218,219,256 epistemological realism ..... 114, 117, 118, 132, 158, 171,271,272, 303,307,

360,455 epistemology ... 2,4,8, 12-14, 19,25-27,29,43,44,47,50,55,57,63,77,78,

80,81,88,99, 102, 113-119, 124, 125, 128, 132, 142, 143, 153-180,183-187,194,195,197-199, 202-204,206,211,218,219,225,226, 228,229,245,247,248,250,254-260,

264,265,268,274,275,295-298, 300,306,307,321,328,330,

357,358,371,373,377, 382,401,404,407,415,

444,448,450,455, 489,492,497

equality ........................ 23,246,352,356,357,368,369,372,380 essentialism ................................... 131,134,212,216,381 evolutionary epistemology ................................ 142,170,186

516 Index

explanandum ......................................... 48,49,98,254 explanans ............................................ 48,49,98,254 explication ............... 5-7 (defined), 90, 93, 97-103,171,173,187,198,

200,201,204,205,207,208,210,214,215,219, 221,222,224,227-229,263,266,267, 270-

273,276-280,292,293,300,306-310, 333-338,366,369,377,378,380,

382, 383, 398, 408-423, 428, 447,449,450,454,

457-459, 505 exploration.. . .. 3,4 (defined), 6-11, 90-103, 122, 128, 130-132, 135-137, 139,

142, 166-168, 170-173, 177, 186, 187, 198-203, 208-212,214-217,219,221,224,227-230,247, 250,251,256-259,261,263-265,267,268,270,

272,276-279,292,296,298-307, 309, 318,320,321,323-325,327,329,

330,335,337,349,361,364-366, 368-371,375,377,378,380-383,

396-402, 404-406, 408, 410-414,416-424,427, 443,445-450,453-459

exploration presupposes explication ...... 97-98,262,266,276,409,415,418, 420

extension ............................. 137, 198,201,211,253,268,276 external world ......... 29,30,53,78,165,167,179,247,260,261,496,500 externalism ............................................. 268-270, 373

F

fallibilism . .. . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. 304, 305, 363 falsification ................................ 27,28,57,60, 134,360,361 fecundity ............................................... 58,57,361 Feigl, H ..................... 28,30,137,264,292,481,486,492,504,506 Feinberg, J. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 333,481 Feuer, L ....................................................... 481 Feyeraben~P ................. 61,62,66,128,298,299,374,375,421,481 Fichte, J.G ................................................. 169,179 Field, H ........................................... 214,238,281,481 Fleck, L ..................................................... 9,481 Fl0istad, G ............................................. 480,486,488 Fodor,L ...... 101,135,200,201,209,210,257-262,268,275,279,293,476,

481,482 folk psychology ............................................ 276, 505 form ........... 3,5,8,9,20,21,23,24,29,30,32,44-47,50,53,57,67,78,

80,81,87-93, 95,96,99, 100, 102, 112-114, 117-119, 123, 124, 127, 129- 132, 135, 140, 142-144, 154-158,

162-170,172,173,175-183,186,187, 194-198, 202,203,205-207,209,210,214-217,222, 223,226,228-230,246,248,250,251,253,

255,257,258,260-262,264-267,270, 272-275,280,295,298,299,301,310,

Index 517

317-320,324,325,331-333,335,336, 338,349,351-353,356-359,361,363,

365-367,370,382,383,393-397, 402,404,411,419,423,427,429,

442-447,450,452-454,456, 457,482

Foucault, M ........................................ 227,308,375,408 foundationalism ........................... 4,43, 172, 173,213,297,298 Frank, P ............................................... 17,30,31,76 Frankena, W ........................................... 319,393,482 Frankfurt School ............................................... 358 free market economy ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 349, 382 free will ........................... 19,263,266,328,331,332,355,480 freedom ....... 8,9, 13, 14,22,25,64,143,230,262,296,301-303,307,329,

331,332,337,351,353,360,362,363,377,483, 490,501,505,506

Frege, G ............... 28,30,31,77,79,81-85,94,95, 112, 122, 127, 129, 203,206,210,308,424-427,453,474,480,482,

487,499,502,505 French, P.A. .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 17, 18,22,277,375,472,479,499 Freud, S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 92, 250, 360, 395 Fuller, T ....................................................... 495 functionalism ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 142,257,261

G

Gabbey, A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 395, 482 Gadamer, H-G .................................. 201,207,308,410,482 Galileo, G ....................................... 50,61, 102,399,457 Gasper, P .............................. 260,473,479,493,498,507,508 Gassendi, P. .................................................... 50 Gauthier, D.P ........................................... 319,326,482 Gay, P ..................................................... 17,482 Gellner, E. . ........................................... 127,229,482 Gergen, K. ................................................ 301,482 Gergen, M.M .................................................. 301,482 Gewirth, A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 323,482 Gibbard,A .............. 319,320,325,326,329,330,333-336,402,478,483 Gibson, R ..................................................... 126 Gildin, H .............................................. 452,483, 506 Ginet, C ................................................... 331,483 Ginsburg, M. ............................................... 24, 483 gnosticism .................................................... 351 God ... 18,19,21,25,31,32,42,47,83,121,159-161,163-165, 179, 183, 197,

252,253,328,350-353,411,450,451 Godel, K. ..................... 30,87,96,97, 127, 134, 135, 137,206,483 Goethe, J.W. von ............................................... 207 Golding, M.P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 353, 483 Goldman, A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 184,274,483 Goodin, R.E. .............................................. 483, 496 Goodman, N ............................. 31,49,139,212,454,483,484

518 Index

Goodwin, R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 496 Gourevitch, V .................................................. 484 Gournay, A. de ................................................. 351 Gower, B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 484, 488, 505 Gracia, J.J.E. .......................................... 394, 395, 484 Gray, J ................................................ 373,389, 391, 483 Greco-Roman ............................................... 25,351 Grice, H.P ..................................... 216,227,230,279,484 Griffm, N ................................................... 93,484 Guttenplan, S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 480, 482, 484, 498 Gutting, G. ................................................ 454, 484

H

Haack, S. ......................................... 132, 134, 484, 485 Habermas, J ........................................ 358,363,377,485 Hacker, P.M.S ........................... 1,28,29,31,219,225,424,485 Hacking, I. ................................................ 394, 485 Hahn, H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 30, 503, 507 Haller, R ................................................... 31,485 Hampshire, S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 366, 480, 485 Hanfiing, O ................................................. 31,485 Hanson, N.R. .................................................. 485 Harding, S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 449, 485 Hare, P.H ......................................... 394, 430, 484, 485, 507 Hare, R.M ......................... 228,318,322,323,325,326,472,484 Harman, G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 320, 325, 422, 485, 488 Harre, R. ................................... 297-305,475,485,486,492 Harris, R .............................................. 475,486,492 Hart, H.L.A ......................................... 364-366,373,486 Hartle, A. ..................................................... 486 Hartley, D. .......................................... 23, 24, 350, 486 Hasnas, J. ................................................. 353,486 Haugeland, J. ...................................... 255, 258, 259, 486 Hayek, F.A. ................................... 337,351,356,363,486 Hegel, G.W ..... 7,25-29,43,63,64,79,80,97,112,113,117-119,121,122,

127,128,131,132,135,137-140,142,143,153,169,170, 174,179,180,182,183,186,197,199,225,227,267, 279,300,302,303,305-307,320,327,329,358,368,

372,377,381,383,394,398,404,413, 415,429,444,471,479,486,488,506

Hegelian Argument ..................................... 120, 136, 141 Heidegge~M ........... 87,201,227,228,279,307,449,451,452,486,487 Heijenoort, J. Van .......................................... 135, 507 Heisenberg, W. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 64, 486 Heivetius, C.A ......................... 17,19,23,246,317,350,352,486 Hempel, C.G ....................... 30,48,49,54,293,300,307,486,487 Hesse, M ................................................... 67,487 hidden structure. . . . . . . .. 4,8,9,90-94,98-100, 130, 131, 161, 199,201,209,

210,212,218,220-222,224,257,258,264,271, 278,298-300,302,304,308,321,323,335,

Index 519

366,369,381,397,401,402,408,416, 419,421,428,451,456-459

Hintikka, J ...................................... 83, 129,218,478,487 Hintikka, M ............................................... 449, 464, 485 historicism ... 21,32,52, 124, 142, 186, 197,303,306,329,375,381,382,407,

491 historicist .. 21,25,52,64,88,137,139,142,173,186,202,329,360,418,452 Hjelmslev, L ............................................... 268,487 Hobbes, T ................ 19,20,44,47, 163, 164, 181,256,263,292,295,

332,373,399,487 holism ........ 27-29, 59, 66, 122, 126, 127, 129, 135, 136, 181, 183, 185, 186,

202-204,210,211,213,218,268,270,278,363,416,477 Holland, A.J. . ................................................. 474 Holt, E.B .............................................. 250,472,479 Holton, G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 64,65,487 Honderich, T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 331,487 Hook, S ........................................... 357,446,487,496 Hooker, C.A. .............................................. 363, 487 Horkheimer, M .............................................. 17,470 Hospers, J ..................................... 319,487,500,503,504 Hottois, G ................................................. 201,487 Hubner, K .......................................... 1,44,61,67,488 Hull, D.L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 65, 488 Hume, D .... 7,17,20,26,31,44,51,52,58,79,113,114,116,165,168,169,

194,222,227,248,249,254,264,270,272,273,279,298, 301,330,337,349,350,354,358,378,396,400,403-405,

407,419,427,451,474,475 Humphreys, P. . ............................................. 44,488 Husserl, E .................................. 79, 137,269,279,449,488 Hylton, P ................... 28,29,81,84,88,319,424,426,444,453,488 Hymes, D. .................................................... 488 hypothesis .... 4,32,51,53,54,59,60,62,67,90,91,93,94,98,99, 101, 102,

120, 122, 127, 129, 130, 136, 138, 162, 166, 170, 171, 181, 184,203,209,212, .214,216,220,224,225,257,260,

263-267,275,276,279,294,307,309,322,328, 331,337,358,361,364,368,370,379,381,

397,398,400-403,405,414,416,418, 420,424,426,428,442,443,445-449,

453,454,457

I

I Do ........................... 28,81,206,224,272,298,320,405,443 I Think ..... 27,96, 103,206,246,247,249,263-265,269,271-273,294,297,

304,318,333,371,376,417,450 idealism ........ 27,28,31,44,55,84,112,117-119,139,143,170,172,179,

183,194,197,227,249,274,298,360,363,394,423,471, 488,493

idealist ....................................... 27,64,79,81,179,492 identity theory ..... 130,251,252,257,259,260,266,275,279,296,328,490 Incivility thesis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 376

520 Index

incoherence ......... 98-100,103,138,167,202,204,217,221,222,224,310 Incommensurability thesis ........................................ 376 individual rights ............................... 27,28,296,349-351,370 individualist epistemology .................................... 371,382 infinite ...... 54,83,87,133-135,141,154,173,183,211,214,223,224,251,

265, 305, 310, 332 intension .............................................. 198,201,212 internal relations .................................... 135, 168, 182, 183 International Encyclopedia of Unified Science ..................... 31, 486 introspection .................... 181, 194,246-250,255,261,295,297,379

J

Jackson, A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 488 Jacobs, S. ..................................................... 488 James, VV ........... 23,317,331,350,413,470,472,474,491,495,502,504 Janik, A. ........................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 30, 228, 424, 488 Joad, C.E.M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 488 Joergensen, J. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 488 Johnson, VV.E. ........................................... 79, 80, 488 Judeo-Christian ...................................... 17,25,323,351

K

Kanbartel, F. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 222, 489 Kant, I. .. 7,17,20,25-29,31,44,51,55,58,78,79,81,84,113, 114, 119, 169,

194,258,275,279,307,323,325,337,349,354,358,368, 377,378,394,398,399,403,406,451,474,479,492

Kantian Turn ............ 4,6,53,54,59,62,64,75,88, 100, 118, 130, 140, 154,159,184,186,194,200,208-211,215,

218,226,232,238,255-258,265,266, 276,277,284,296,297,299,308, 321,322,324-326,342,343,360,

363,367,370,396,399,400, 404,407,418, .420, 423,

427,435 Katz, J ............................................ 201,209,210,476 Kekes, J ..................................................... 1,489 Kim, J. ................................................... 264, 489 Kitcher, P. . ......................... 62,99, 185,270,400,402,427,489 Kneale, VV.C ................................... 54,77,80,81,471,489 Kneale, M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75, 79, 80, 488 Kornblith, H. .............................................. 186, 489 Kraft, v .................................................... 30,489 Kripke, S ................ 42,95, 123, 127-137, 168, 186, 187, 195, 197,200,

201,203,208,210-220,222-224,228,229,257, 269,398,405,448,454,489

Kuhn, T ....... 60,62,65,66,128,220,298,299,374,375,403,421,445,489 Kukathas, C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 368, 489 Kuntz, P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 452

Index 521

L

Lakatos, I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 62, 489 LaMettrie, J.~. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 489 Las1ett, P. ................................................. 363, 490 Latour, B. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 490 Laudan, L. ................................................. 62, 490 Lehrer, K .......................................... 402,481,483,490 Leibniz, G.W ............ 20,21,28,44,96,112,116,161,163,179,257,307,

395,396,398,400,405,451,501,505 Lepenies, W. .............................................. 396, 490 Levin, M. ................................................. 266, 490 Lewis, C.l. ............................................. 58, 128,214,490 Lewis, D ........... 44,69,129,132,206,212,215,237,251,280,320,325,

341,490 liar paradox ................................... 133, 136,214,218,446 liberal culture .... 11,349-352,354,356,358,362,363,366,371-374,376-378,

380,382,456,458 liberal social theory ..................... 369,371,373,374,377,381,382 liberalism .. 14, 134,349-352,354-358,360,361,363,366,369,370,372,377,

378,381,480,481,484,488,498,499,502 liberty ....... 15,17,317,331,337,351-354,368-370,382,486,493,495,498 limited government ..................................... 351,363,382 Livingston, D. ............................................. 349,490 Locke,1. 17-20,23,25,26,28,31,44,47,52,113,118,119,162-164, 168, 176,

178,194,227,246,258,273,272,337,349,350,352,353,373, 377,380,396,404,450,488,490,491

logic ......... 3,28-30,41,44,47,52-54,57,75-85,87-97,99-102, 123, 127, 129-132,137,139,140,142,170,175-178,181,183,195-197, 199,202,203,205,206,208,211-213,215-217,219,226,230, 263,310,319-325,363-365,371,394,406,413,423,425,445,

446,448,452-454,456,457,459,470,473,475,479,483, 486-490,492-494,496,500,501,503,506

logical empiricism .......................................... 481, 488 logical positivism. 11,28, 128,446,470-472,475,476,478,484,485,488,489,

494,499,502,505,508 logicism ........ 79,81-93,95-97,101,128,133,134,196,425,426,444,488 Losee, 1. ................................................... 44, 491 loss of philosophical consciousness ............. 137, 144,338,427,443,450 Lotze, R.H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 82, 122 Lukasiewicz, J ................................................... 30 Lukes, S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 295,491 Lycan, W.G ................................................ 246,491 Lyons, 1. .............................................. 355,451,491

M

Mably, G.B. ............................................... 352,491 Mach, E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 30, 31, 487 Machiavelli, N. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 295 MacIntyre, A .......... 11, 17,308,327,329,330,349,377-382,393,404,491

522 Index

Mackie, J.L. ............................................... 404,491 Madden, E.H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 298, 300, 485 Magee, B. .......................... 93,325,326,332,366,369,372,491 Malcolm, N ................................................ 229,491 Mandelbaum, M ............................................ 394,491 Manicas, P.T ........................... 297,298,300,301,303,485,491 Manser, A. ................................................. 28, 492 Marcus, R.B ................................... 129,215,216,451,492 Margol~,J ...................... 64,245,280,300,308,404,410,485,492 Maritain, J. .................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 358 Marxism .. 14,15,57,60,255,269,292,306,331,349,351,352,357, 358, 360,

363,371,373,374,381,478,487 material implication ............................... 85,86, 129,215,226 materialism .... 18-20,27,42, 142, 143, 197,261,269,276,332,357,363,373,

377;394,477 Maxwell, G. ................................................... 492 McCarthy,J .............................................. 1,17,475,492 McCarthy, T. . ............................................. 470,471 McDonough, R.M. ........... 30, 176, 178, 219, 268, 400, 424, 425, 429, 492 McDQwell, J. . ............................................. 474,496 McGinn, C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 205, 245, 269, 276, 493 McMullin, E. .................................................. 493 McTaggart, J.M.E. ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 119 meaning terminus ........................ 155, 157, 158, 177-180, 183,210 mechanism ..... 25, 114, 115, 162, 163, 166, 168, 197, 199,203,209,215,245,

253-255,257,259,261,262,266,268,269,271,272, 275,295,296,299,401,414,450

metaphysics ... 2, II, 17, 19,21,25,27,32,44,47,50,77,78,80,81,88,101, 112-124,127,128,130-133,135-139,142-144,153,155-162,

165-167,170,174,178,183,186,187,194-197,203,219, 225,228,246,248,258,264,265,274,275,303,306,

309,320,328,363,371,375,398,403,404,412, 415,442,444,453,455,459,472,474,476,

479,480,484,488,490,494,497, 502,504

meta-ethics ............................. 320-325, 327, 337, 338, 364, 365 meta-language ............................. 134,181, 211, 215, 217, 222 methodological individualism .. 13, 143,292-296,298,299,303,305,350,353,

378,508 Mill, James .................................................... 23,316 Mill, John Stuart ......... 31,80,303,317,318,320,325,331,337,342,344,

347,474,488,493 Miller, F., Jr ................................................... 319,495 Miller, R. . ................................................. 307,493 Millikan, R.G. . ................................................ 493 mind-body problem ..................... 229,247,250,272,275,443,490 Afind ....... ... 228,242,482,485,488,489,493,496,500,502,505,506,507 mind. 9, 19,21,23,26,28,29,32,42-44,46,52,55,58, 77-79,81,84,93,102,

116, 117, 120, 125, 129, 131, 134, 135, 139, 140, 142, 143, 154, 156, 157, 159, 160, 163, 164, 166, 167, 169-171, 173, 176-179,

194,197,200,202,225,226,229,230,245,247,249-251,

Index 523

253,255,257-261,264,268,269,271,272,274,275, 292,296-298,306,319,325,327,328,332,350,

352,360,366,381,399,401,423,424,427, 443-446,448,450,453,456,459,470,

472,474,476,477,480,483,489, 496, 500, 503

Mises, 1. von .................................................. 507 modal logic ........ 127,129,131,132,137,203,212,213,215,216,394,475 model J •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 165,166,168, 177-177, 181, 186 model2 ••••••••.•••.••••••• 165,166,68,170,171,175-177,,179-181,186 modem Aristotelian .. , 48,54,68,80,82,86,114-118,123, 124, 127, 128, 130,

161,162,164,166,170,179,194, 226,228,245,247,264,425

modem epistemological predicament ............................. 25, 116 modem liberalism ....................................... 354-356, 366 modem naturalist epistemology ..... 163-166,168-170,172-174,176,180,183,

184, 194 modernity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 26, 124, 349, 498 monism .................. 11,43,80, 115, 122, 163, 184,261,264,292,307 Monk, R ................................ 79,94,423,477,484,493,494 Montaigne, M ............................................... 21,493 Montesquieu, B. de ...................................... 17,349,350 Moore, G.E .......... 28,29,135,171,172,205,225-229,228,318-320,323,

325,493,494,503,508,509 Morrell, O. ..................................................... 88 Morris, C.W ............................................. 24,31,494 Muirhead, lH .......................................... 317,493,494 Mulvaney, R.I . ............................................. 494,498 Mundie, C.W.K ............................................. 427,494 Munitz, M.K. .................................................. 494 Mure,G.R.G ................... 112,127,228,249,398,404,449,459,494 Musgrave, A. ............................................... 62, 489 mysticism .............................................. 29,411,500

N

Nagel, E .................. 30,51,57,91,122, 163, 188,257,293,300,303, 311,314,323,452,465,494

Nagel, T .............................................. 283, 349, 383, 494 natural law ............ 5, 17, 19,295,323,327,330,335,353,354,379,380 naturalism .. 11,18,20,27,30,57,62,67,97,112-114,119,123,165, 168, 170,

174,178,179,187,194,196,197,204-206,210,217,245,270, 303,318,319,326,331,335,366,379,425,442,450,472

naturalist .... 67, 119, 160, 163-180, 183-187, 194, 195,200,202-204,206,208, 210,216,217,224,245,249,255,258,259,266,274,275,

325,327,368,379,414,428,429,445,450,452 naturalistic fallacy ...................................... 318, 322, 364 naturalized epistemology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 99, 186, 187, 195 Nazi ..................................................... 359, 449 necessary connection ..................................... 50, 298, 30 I

524 Index

negation ................................. 80,86,127,130,160,182,183 neo-Carnapians ....... 95,186,187,204,205,208,211,214,215,217-219,228 neo-classical economics .................................. 296,326,361 Neurath, O ............................ 30,31,60,122,195,360,363,494 Neville, R.C ................................................ 474,494 Newton, I. ....... 17,20,21,42,44,50,52,58,61,96,126,161,163,399,457 Nielsen, K. ................................................ 323,494 Nietzsche, F ................................................ 395,449 nihilism ............. 7, 11,264,305,306,320,327,329,330,337,338,358,

363,373,376,377,379,396,408,409,413,421,450 Noonan, H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 93,494 Notebooks . ..................................... , ... 122,181-183,509 Novak, M ................................................. 382,495 Nozick, R. ......... 126, 140-143,327-329,333,366,369-371,377-379,381,

382,448,449,454,490,495

o

O'Hear, A. ................................................ 376,495 Oakeshott, M ....................... 307,354,358,366, 380, 383, 456, 495 Ockham, W ............................................. 78,159,178 Ogden, C.K. ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 96, 509 ontological realism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 118, 139,295, 303, 307 ontological relativity ......................... 65, 127, 125,202,203,497 open question argument .......................................... 334 Oppenheim, P ............................................ 48,49,486 ordinary language philosophy ............... 93, 225-230, 279, 318, 425, 427 organic ........ , 21,28,45,46,50,65, 114, 115, 119, 120, 140-142, 155-158,

160-163,187,194,199,247,252-255,257,258,260, 261,275,328,329,370,371,381,450

original position ............................................ 368, 369 Ortega y Gasset ............................................ 358, 495 other minds ........................ 249,250,253,273,296,373,407,450 Owen,R ...................................................... 356

p

Palmer, A. ..................................... 94,477,484,493,494 Pap, A .......................................... 76,77,481,495,503 Papineau, D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 54, 495 paradigm ., 10,60,61,66,93, 138, 140, 142, 144, 154, 155,216,219,258,273,

275,279,302,311,320,329,375,376,382,403,408,425, 446-448, 452, 455

Pareto, V. ..................................................... 326 passive intellect ........................................ 157, 159, 160 Passmore, J. ........................ 94, 123, 142,225,404,428,445,495 Paul. E.F .................................................. 340,374,494 Paul, G.A .................................................... 452, 471 Paul, J. . .............................................. 340, 374, 494 Peano, G ....................................................... 31 Pears, D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 183,204,471,495,496

Index 525

Peirce, C ......................................... 63,80,81,201,413 perception ........ 28,52,83,121,156, 157, 159-161, 164, 182,297,334,357,

470,474,504 Perry, T.O ............................... 1, 199,428,445,448,452,496 personal identity ........................ 250,258,272,273,297,306,398 Pettit, P. . ................................. 349,368,474,483,489,496 phenomenalism ........... 31,52,53,118,119,162,172,194,195,298,394 phenomenology ................................ 227,269,279,337,488 Philips Griffiths, A. ............................................. 496 philosophes .... 17,18,20-24,31,52,62-64,247,248,253,270,277,292,349-

351 Philosophical Investigations ..... 181,200,201,204,210,211,219,221,228,

371,505,508 philosophical psychology .......... 2, 8, 143, 171, 230, 245, 248-259,262-271,

273-275,278,279,296,297,322,323, 326,336,337,367,373,372,397,

401,451 physical science 3,4,6,8,9,12,21,22,25,27,28,33,41,43,44,50,52,53,59,

68,75,76,90-93,99-101, 114, 118, 122, 138, 160,161, 163, 196, 198,216,254,270,299,

300,302,307,311,327,337,354,375, 396,397,414,443,446,448

physicalism ...... 8, 12,31,42,67, 134, 143, 163, 194, 195,245,250,257,258, 266,271,274,279,280,306,350,395,494

Plato ... 45,112,153-155,158,227,270,275,307,331,395,399, 407, 412, 451 Platonism ............. 44,80,82-85,112-116,122,127,135, 153, 154, 159,

160,170,197,206,258,274,336 Plotinus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 112 Polanyi, M ................................................. 102,496 Popkin, R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 21, 496 Popper, K ... 29,44,48,54,57,59-61,63,64,94, 102, 134, 143, 167,205,292,

294,303,331,358,360,362,363,420,449,488,496,503 Porphyry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 112 positivism ..... , 2-4,11,28-31,42,44,78,89,91,93,128,137,184,186,195,

198,199,201,225-228,311,319-321,329,351, 362-364,379,381,394,396,423,425,428, 445,446,453,454,470-472,475,476,478,

484,485,488,489,494,499, 502,503,505,507,508

possible worlds .................................. 140,212-214,328,405 postmodem .................................................... 381 Powers, L.H. ................................... 171,269,421,485,496 practical knowledge ...... 5,6,98,101,224,247,273,334,335,383,442,455 practical reason ............................................ 205,443 practice ..... 1,5,6, 11,20,26,29,44,55,58,62,67,90-93,98-102,122,139,

142,200,202,205,206,209,215,219-222,224,229,263-265,270-272,280,307-310,326,329,333,334,

336-338,355-357,362,366,368,373,374, 376-378,380,382,383,393,397,399,

404,408-416,418-422,427,429, 449,451,453-459,474,

526 Index

499,501 pragmatic a priori ................................................ 58 pragmatics .. 97,181,197-201,205,208,210,211,213,214,216,230, 257, 470 pragmatism ..................... 169,201,307,413,492,494,498-500,508 pre-Socratics ................................................... 412 pre-theoretical ........... 65-66, 97, 112-115, 121, 123, 126-127, 130, 134, 136,

146-148,150,167,186,195,196,200-204,207-211,213,214,217,218,220-222,225-228,

233,244,252,254,258,269-271,276-277,321,331,333,345,374,417,454

Price, H.H ...................................... 27,326,354,404,496 Prichard, H.A .......................................... 317,323,496 Principia Mathematica . .... 28,29,31,53,85,86,88,91,95-97, 119, 178, 180,

196,199,208,275,483,500 private language ........................ 206,222,229,273,308,377,489 problem of other minds .................................. 250, 273, 450 progress ... 10, 11, 17,21,22,24-27,31,32,42,43,52,56,61-64,67,97, 121,

123,136,137,166,173,185,186,202,218,225,245,262,267, 270,305,363,372,373,377,380,396,398,399,416,426,428,

445,447-449,471,474,477,479,483,490,499 Protagoras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 154, 169 psychologism .................... 79,80, 101, 197,209,213,249,254,394 Ptolemy ................................................... 61, 126 Punishment .................................................... 333 Putnam, H ... 1, 11,21,29,44,61, 103, 126, 139, 142,216,257,259,269,381,

446,496,497 Pyrrhonians ................................................... 158

Q

quantification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 127, 129, 130 quantifier ......................................... 127, 129, 132,216 Quesnay, F. . .................................................. 351 Quine. W.V.O ..... 30,42,55,59,60,66,79,88,90,93-95,101,102,123-131,

133, 136, 139, 181, 185-187, 195, 197, 199-205,207, 208,210,212,213,215-220,228,250,257,332,374,

375,393,394,396,399,415,419,445,448, 453,478,479,483,497-499,503,507

Quinton, A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 482, 498

R

Railton,P ................... 270,319,320,325,329,330,333-336,478,498 Rajchman, J ................................... 1,31,497,498,500,508 Ramsey, F.P. . ........................................... 75, 76,498 Randall, J.H ............................. 18,112,246,247,317,350,498 Rasmussen, D.B. ........................................... 382,498 rational reconstruction ................................ 374,400,402-404 rationalism ...................................... 22, 23, 258, 455, 495 rationalists ..................................................... 31 Rawls, J .. ..................... 23,323-325,332, 333, 335, 349, 366-372,

Index 527

377-379,448,454,489,498,499 real definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 226 realism ............ 12, 14,27,28,44,55,62,63,67, 114, 117, 118, 129, 132,

133,139,142,144,156,158,162,169-172,182,183, 194,200,204~10,217,218,223,225,226,228,

229,255,256,266,271,272,274,275,295, 298,300,301,303,304,307,318,329,330,

360,362,363,375,394,397,404-406, 419,425,428,429,444,445,449,

450,452,454,455,458,473, 476,478,492,496-498,505

reductionism ...................... 3,90,143,195,198,203,307,320,328 Ree,I. . .......................................... 403,471,472,499 Reichenbach, H ...................................... 30, 360, 363, 499 relativism ..... 14,61,63-67,128,136,139,154,168,178,204,295,298,301,

303,330,338,363,374,375,378,397,407,458,482,492 Renouvier, C. .................................................. 331 Rescher, N .............. 11,26,63,62,99,112,218,413,478,489,499,502 research program .............................. 62,85,94, 137,275,407 Resnick, M. ........................................... 443, 445, 499 rights ... 15,27,28,295,296,319,327,330,332,349-351,353-356, 358, 362,

370,371,374,377,379,483,486 rigid designator ............................................ 130, 213 Romanos, G ......................... 95, 136,201,202,217,361,452,499 Rorty, R ... 1,4,11,21,31,42,132,257,320,349,360,361,374,396, 399, 427,

471,476,485,488,490,491,499,500,502,503,505,506 Rosen, S. . .................................................. 1,500 Rosenthal, D.M .......................... 397-399,403,418,423,426,500 Rousseau, 1.1 . ........................................... 17,352,377 Royce, 1 . .................................................. 413,452 Ruben, D.H. ................................................ 44, 500 Rudner, R.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 293, 294, 303, 500 rule of law ................................................ 349, 351 Russell, B. . .... 3,27-31,41,42,53,75,76,79-81,83-89,91,93-96, 100, 113,

117-119,122,127,133,143,171-176,180,181, 183, 194,198,201,212,225,227-229,249,275,

318-320,325,359,398-400,423-427,452, 453,470,477,488,493,500-503,509

Ryan, A ............................................... 320,359,501 Ryle, G .................................... 123,227-230,404,471,502

s

Sacks, M ................... 1,42,55,92, 128, 139,223,225,250,270,502 Sainsbury, M ............................................ 81,211,502 Salmon, W. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 44, 502 Sandel, M ......................................... 349,381,480,502 Santayana, G. ...................................... 359,452, 502, 503 Scharff, R.C ................................................ 21,503 Schiller, F.S.C. ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 77, 503 Schilpp, P.A. ...................... 126, 127, 320, 359, 476, 503, 506, 507

528 Index

Schlick, M ............................. 29,30,42,78,319,331,427,503 Schneewind,l.B .... 317,325,404,471,485,488,490,491,500,503,505,506 Schneider, H.l. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 222, 489 Schorske, C.E. ................................................. 503 Scriven, M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 423, 502, 504 Scruton, R. .................................................. 1, 504 Searle,l.R. ....................... 1, 75, 245, 246, 254, 255, 260, 402, 504 Secord, P.F ..................................... 298-303,482, 485, 491 self ................ 1, 11-13, 18-20,24,25,27,29-31,33,41,44,45,57,58,

63,65,66,68,78,79, 82-84,93, 100, 112, 113, 116-120, 122-124, 128, 132-137, 139-144, 1~1~1~1~16~1~1~17~1~

183, 184, 186, 197,201,215,216,219, 221,225,227,228,245-250,253,257,

258,264,268,273-275,296,297,300, 302-306, 308, 317, 323, 328, 329, 332,

337,350,351,355-357,364,368, 369,371-373,375,378,380-382,

393-396,399,401,409,412, 426-429,442-447,450,451,

454,474,486 self-reference .............. 117,132-137,140,144,163,166,184,197,248,

264,274,275,429,443,446 self-referential ..................................... 140,177,179,180 self-subsuming explanation ....................... 139,140,142,179,328 Sellars, W ........ 41,42,65,257,292,319,402,481,486,500,503,504,506 semantics ............ 30,78,83,88, 127, 129, 130, 134, 135, 180, 181, 187,

195-203,208-212,215, 216, 227, 228, 230, 257, 324, 365,459,472,475,476,487,

489,497,506 Sen, A. ............................................... 326, 504, 506 sense data ........................... 53,57,172,185,196,202,227,364 set theory ..................................... 82,83,85,86,133,211 Seung, T.K. . .............................................. 377, 504 Sextus Empiricus ............................................... 158 Shalit, A. De ............................................... 381,470 Shapere, D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 62, 66, 504 Shapin, S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 504 Shoemaker, S. ................................................. 398 Shotter, J. ............................................. 253, 295, 504 showing .............. 55,129,131,134,135,137,164,176,180,184,195,

198,221,223,320,335,349,393 Sidgwick, H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 325 simplicity ....................................... , 50,58,57,202,361 skepticism .......... 67,157-159,165,167-170,172,178,185,187,222,223,

263,271,375,380,407,458 Skinner, B.F ........................................ 251,252,279,475 Skinne~Q ............................ 471,485,488,490,491,500,505,506 Skolimowski, H ....................................... 30,41, 101,505 Skorupski. J ................................................ 112,505 Skyrms, B. ................................................ 184, 505

Index 529

Sle:igh, R.C ........................................ 398,404,427,505 Smith, A .......................................................... 20 Smith, lC .................................... .402,407,432,435, 504, 505 Smith, P ................................................. .453,466, 505 Sober, E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 65, 505 social engineering ......................... 8, 14,306,332,356,360,363 social epistemology .. , 14,63, 143,255,274,295,298,300,307,330,357,358,

377,401,492 social science ... 4,8,13,22,92,93,99,100,102,138,199,203,205,212,217,

292-304,306-310,321-324,326,337,350,354,365,379,443, 455,491,493,500,508

social technology ..... '" 8,14,17,20,22,25,27,51,68,124,143,144,185, 246,269,279,292,296,306,317,319,320, 330,351,352,358,360,363,377,379,380

socialism ............... 14, 15,30,32,331,349,352,356-359,363,380,501 Socrates .......................................... 211,270,412,448 solipsism .......................... 183,195,249,250,261,273,360,482 Sorabji, R. ............................................ 123,225,505 Sosa, E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 185,457,505 Spinoza, B ....... 44,47,113,131,163, 164, 169,210,295,397,451,480,481 Stalnaker, R.C. ................................... . . . . . . . . .. 293, 402 Stevenson, c.L. ........................................ 318, 333, 505 Stich, S. . ......................................... 277,279,479,505 Stockman, N ........................................ 67,303,307,506 Strauss, L. ................................ , 320,358,380,452,483,506 Strawson, G ................................................ 332, 345, 506 Strawson, P. F ... 79, 116, 123,227-229,257,258,264,263,400,427,471,484,

506 Stroud, B .......................................... 167,403,404,506 Suilrez, F. ..................................................... 159 subject . 3,5, 13, 17, 18,26-29,53,57,59,64,75,77,79-82,84,88,94,97,99,

113-118, 122, 124, 127-130, 132, 135-139, 142, 158, 162,166-172,174,175,178-180,182,183,185,194-

196, 197,203,204,210,211,213-215,217,218, 226,228,229,247-253,255,256,258-261,

263,265,266,268,269,274,275,298, 304-306,308,331,338,351,355,

357,367,372,380,397,452, 456,457,474,496

sub-structure ........ 12-14,56,90,252,266,296,330,331,354,371,378,411 supervenience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 264, 320, 325 symbolic logic ........................................ 87,95,97,483 syntax ........ 76,78,83,88, 127, 135, 137, 180, 181, 196, 198-202,208-211,

227,257,324,365,459,475 synthetic a priori. . . .. 6,26,29, 78, 79, 81, 84, 85, 125, 129, 169, 173, 179, 197

T

tabula rasa .............................................. 22,23, 352 Talk! .. 128,129,131,135,137,162,166, 196, 197,203,212,213,216,217,247 T~k2"""'" 128-133,135-137,162,166,179,180,196,197,203,211-213,

530 Index

216,217,247 tautology .............................................. 176-178, 206 Taylor, C ............................... 21,358,377,381,382,404,506 technocracy ............................................... 326,458 technology .......... 8,14,17,19-22,24,26,30,31,41,42,51,68,101,124,

143,144,174,185,246,269,279,292,296,306, 317,319,320,330,351,352,354,358,360,

363,377,379,380,452,456 teleological biology .......................................... 46, 155 teleology ....... 6,19,21,97,114,115,117,131,138,156,160,163,194,197,

210,247,275,319,322,323,329,367-371,379,450 theism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20, 44, 52, 442 theoretical knowledge ...... 5, 13,98, 100,224,247,253,258,273,319,334,

335,383,442 theory of descriptions ....................... 53,93,94,124,125,212,213 theory of types ................................... 86,87,133, 173,446 theory-laden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 60, 297 Thomistic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 19 toleration ......................................... 349,351,378,379 total conceptualization .......... 50, 66, 88, 122, 131, 133, 137, 142, 168,255-

257,259,264,266,275,303,305,306, 332,334,372,457

Toulmin, S ........................ 30,45,65, 101,228,325,424,488,507 Tractatus ..... 28,30,31,51,75,79,87,91,122,130,135,170,174-184,187,

186,195,196,199,201,203-206,210,211,219,225,260,425, 426,470,476,509

transcendental argument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 173, 337 Trout, J.D ......................... 261,269,473,479,493,498,507,508 Tsui-James, E.P ......................... 470,472,474,491,495,502,504 Turgot, A.R.J. ............................................ 17,21,351 Turing, A.M. . ............................................. 255, 507 Turnbull, R .................................... 123,225,402,445,507 two dogmas of empiricism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 123,497 two-tier ............ 13,14,230,257,258,261,299,317,320,321,325,326,

328,331,367,401

u

Uehling, T.E., Jr ........................................ 472,479,499 underdetermination ......................................... 203,270 Unger, R .......................................... 184,349,373,507 unified science ... 31,60,292,294,306,307,311,443,445,472,475,486,494 unity of science ................ 12,31,32,42,50,51,66,92, 134,292,446 Urmson, J.O. .............................................. 227, 507 utilitarianism .... 14,31,317,318,320,325-327,330,331,333,337,350,354,

362,364,368,377,491,504,506

v

values ......... 7, 8,13,14,19,20,23,24,31,51,68,100-102,125,153,176, 216,262,275,295,299,302,318-324,326-330,334,337,

Index 531

352-354,358,360-362,370,371,373-377,379, 449,456,458,459,475,490

value-free . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 205, 295, 325, 445, 449 van Fraassen, B ....................................... 63,67,453,507 Van Heijenoort, 1. .......................................... 135, 507 veil ofignorance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 367 verifiability criterion of meaning .................................... 53 verification ......... 44,53,137,162,163,166,177,184,185,196,264,326,

362,363,503 verification problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 162, 163, 166, 177 Vico, G ....................................................... 404 Vienna Circle .......... 3,29-31,53,57,91, 198,216,225,250,359,425,489 virtue .. 17,57, 112,269,276,306,329,351,357,372,373,381,426,444,455,

459,482,491 Voegelin, E .................................... 320,351,358,380,507 Voltaire ................................................. 17,18,351

W Waismann, F .................................................... 30 Wang, H ......................................... 1,96, 135,210,485 Warnock, G.J ........................................... 227,471,508 Watkins, J.W.N .......................................... 293-295,508 Watson, J.B ................................................ 250,508 We Do ..... 6,10,26,51,55,76,89,96,98,101,132,160-162,166,183,194,

199-201,204,210,220,221,223,263,264,271,272,301, 302,308,309,333,337,359,362,376,401,409,

412,414,415,420,442,452 We Think .......... 13,26,43,65,76,89,114,117,134,187,206,227,257,

259,267,269,273,298,304,320,324,333,336,412 Weber, M ................................................. 307,354 Wedberg, A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 178, 360, 395, 508 Weinberg, J. ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 508 Weingartner, R.H. ...................................... 293, 294, 508 Welchman, J ............................................... 318,508 West, C ............................. 1,2,18,31,101,497,498,500,508 Westoby, A ............................................ 403,471,499 Wettstein, H.K .......................................... 472,479,499 Whitehead, A.N ............................... 28,31, 115, 119,427,500 Wiener. P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 30, 479, 480, 483, 508 Wiggins, D. ............................................... 330, 508 Williams, B. ............................................... 504, 506 Wilson, M ................. 397,403,404,408,422,427,428,448,491,508 Winch, P. ............................................. 307,308, 508 Wittgenstein, L. .... 11,28-30,42,51,67,75,76,79,84,87,93,96,122,128,

135,162, 168, 169, 174-184, 187, 195-197, 200,201,203-208,210-212,214,219-224,

226-229,256,260,271,275,278,279, 307,308,334,404,417,424-426,

451-453,472,473,485,487, 489,491,493,495,496,

532 Index

508,509 Wolheim, R .................................................... 471 Woodfield, A ............................................... 474, 509 Worrall, J. .................................................. 63, 509 Wright, G.H. von ................................. 1, 11,96,97,507-509

x y

Z

Zeltner, P.M. . ............................................. 494,498 Zettel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 178

Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture

H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr., Series Editor

Kevin William Wildes, S.J., Associate Editor

1. G. Motzkin: Time and Transcendence. Secular History, the Catholic Reaction and the Rediscovery of the Future. 1992 ISBN 0-7923-1773-4

2. H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. and T. Pinkard (eds.): Hegel Reconsidered. Beyond Meta-physics and the Authoritarian State. 1994 ISBN 0-7923-2629-6

3. L.B. McCullough: Leibniz on Individuals and Individuation. The Persistence of Pre-modern Ideas in Modem Philosophy. 1996 ISBN 0-7923-3864-2

4. N. Capaldi: The Enlightenment Project in the Analytic Conversation. 1998 ISBN 0-7923-5014-6

KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS - BOSTON / DORDRECHT / LONDON