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1Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
The JRC Laboratory ofNeutron Physics
Peter Rullhusen
2Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
Nuclear activities at IRMM
Unit for Isotopic Measurementssafeguardsradionuclide metrologynuclear targets preparation
Unit for Neutron Measurementsneutron-induced reactions
cross sections, resonance parametersfission fragmentsfission neutron multiplicities and spectrastandard cross sections
modelling of the fission processtechnical developments:
data acquisition using fast signal digitisersFrisch-gridded ionisation chambers, time-projection chambersdetector arrays for n, measurements
3Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
direct actions in FP7 - Euratom
Basic Research in Nuclear Physics and Neutron Data Standards Standard cross-sections Theory / modelling Exploratory research, technical developments
Neutron Data for Waste Transmutation andSafety of Different Reactor Systems
transmutation of long-lived radioactive waste Accelerator-driven systems U-Pu and Th-U fuel cycles Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems
4Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
IAEA-CRP F4.10.20“Evaluated Data for the Th-U Fuel Cycle”
Th-U fuel cycle:
232Th(n,) measurements in the Resolved Resonance Region:
0.0
0.5
1.0
Cap
ture
Yie
ld
0 200 400 600 800 10000.0
0.5
1.0
Tra
nsm
issi
on
Energy / eV
0.0
0.5
1.0
Cap
ture
Yie
ld
0 200 400 600 800 10000.0
0.5
1.0
Tra
nsm
issi
on
Energy / eV
5Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
n measurements with very high energy resolution using time-of-flight technique
The Geel Linear Accelerator GELINA
22
T
Lmv
2
1E
Le-
150 MeV
n
U Le-
150 MeV
n
U
6Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
7Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
8Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
neutron production target: depleted uranium, Hg cooled
9Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
GELINA - Main operating modes
ELECTRON BEAM NEUTRON BEAM
Pulse Length
(ns)
RepetitionRate(Hz)
PeakCurrent
(A)
MeanCurrent
(A)
MeanEnergy(MeV)
Mean Power(kW)
Peak productionrate during
pulse(n/s)
Mean production
rate(n/s)
Without compression
10 800 10 85 105 8.5 3.8 1018 3.0 1013
With compression
< 1 800 > 100 80 105 8.0 3.5 1019 2.8 1013
< 1 50 > 100 5 105 0.5 3.4 1019 1.8 1012
10Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
New detector arrays
(n,n’) detector setup: 8 x HPGe @ 110° and 150° Digitized acquisition
(n,) detector setup:
10 x C6D6 @ 60° and 120°
= 0.8
Digitized acquisition
11Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
7 MV Van de Graaff accelerator
• Belt-charged CN Van de Graaff from High Voltage Engineering (installed 1978, new accelerator tube installed 1999)
• Radio frequency ion source. ECR ion source to be installed late 2007• Proton-, deuteron- and alpha beams• DC and pulsed mode• 10-50 A DC beam current dependent on ion and beam line• Fast pulsing, fwhm 2.0 ns at 2.5 MHz, 1.25 MHz or 0.625 MHz,
and 0.1 A average current• Slow pulsing, minimum width of 10 s,
continuously adjustable frequency up to 5 kHz.• ~108 neutrons/s/cm2, 1 cm from target (DC mode)• 6 beam lines (on 2 levels)• Operated 24 hours/day, 7 days/week in periods of 4 weeks
12Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
13Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
Neutron field production
Ion beam
7Li(p,n)7Be En: 0 - 5.3 MeV
T(p,n)3He En: 0 - 6.2 MeV
D(d,n)3He En: 1.8 - 10.1 MeV
T(d,n)4He En: 12.1 - 24.1 MeV
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
En (MeV)
Neu
tro
ns/
106 i
on
s
20 cm
• nuclear reaction,• neutron emission angle, • ion energy.
0 deg.
80 deg.
40 deg.
14Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
Neutron field characteristicsReaction <En> En <Ep> Ip Target Target thickness Neutron fluence rate
(at 10 cm distance)
MeV MeV MeV A mg/cm2 cm-2 s-1
Li(p,n) 0.25 0.075 2.047 25 LiF 0.5 5.03E+05
Li(p,n) 0.565 0.061 2.321 20 LiF 0.5 2.00E+06
T(p,n) 1.2 0.05 2.022 25 TiT 2.0 3.23E+06
T(p,n) 2.5 0.137 3.351 15 TiT 2.0 3.89E+06
D(d,n) 5.0 0.356 1.943 25 TiD 2.0 2.82E+06
D(d,n) 8.0 0.171 4.841 10 TiD 2.0 1.97E+06
T(d,n)* 14.8 0.428 0.964 50 TiT 2.0 4.22E+06
T(d,n) 16.2 1.049 0.966 50 TiT 2.0 4.62E+06
T(d,n) 19.0 0.338 2.679 20 TiT 2.0 7.58E+05
*Neutron fluence in 74 deg. Angle.
15Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
0 5 10 15 20
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
61Ni(n,p)61Co
Paul (1953)
Cross (1963)
Preiss (1960)
Qaim (1977)
Bahal (1984)
Qaim (1984)
Viennot
Ribansky (1985)
Viennot (1991)
Molla (1991)
Osman (1996)
Val'ter (1962)
Levkovskiy (1969)
ENDF/B-VI
JENDL-3.2
EFF-2.4 (EAF-99)
this work
(m
b)
En (MeV)
12 16 200
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
61Ni(n,x)60mCo
this work
Preiss (1960)
Qaim (1976)
JENDL-ACT
EAF-99 (0.6*EAF-2.4))
(m
b)
En (MeV)
Activation cross-sections
shielding materials:
activation
structural materials:
radiation damage
charged-part.
prod.
modelling:
adapt parameters
16Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
16O(n,)13C30% uncertainty 100 pcm in keff for UOX,MOX fuel accounts for 25% of total He production
inferred frominverse reaction:
13C(,n)16O
4,8 5,0 5,2 5,4 5,6 5,8 6,0 6,2 6,4 6,6 6,8 7,0 7,2 7,4 7,6 7,80,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
0,45
reaction: D(d,n)3Hetarget: D gas, 20 kPawindow: 5 m Mo
Neutron sourceENDF/B-VIIb2
IRMM2006JULY data: PRELIMINARY !!!Giorginis, Khryachkov, Corcalciuc, Kievets
ENDF/B-VI 16O(n,
0)13C 1990
16O(n,0)13C 2001
16O(n,0)13C 2005
16O(n,0)13C DAVIS1963
16O(n,0)13C HARISSOP2005 InverseR
16O(n,0)13C SEKHARAN1967 InverseR
16O(n,0)13C IRMM2006JULY
Cro
ss S
ect
ion
(b
)
Neutron Energy (MeV)
Preliminary data IRMM 2006
4,8 5,0 5,2 5,4 5,6 5,8 6,0 6,2 6,4 6,6 6,8 7,0 7,2 7,4 7,6 7,80,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
0,45
reaction: D(d,n)3Hetarget: D gas, 20 kPawindow: 5 m Mo
Neutron sourceENDF/B-VIIb2
IRMM2006JULY data: PRELIMINARY !!!Giorginis, Khryachkov, Corcalciuc, Kievets
ENDF/B-VI 16O(n,
0)13C 1990
16O(n,0)13C 2001
16O(n,0)13C 2005
16O(n,0)13C DAVIS1963
16O(n,0)13C HARISSOP2005 InverseR
16O(n,0)13C SEKHARAN1967 InverseR
16O(n,0)13C IRMM2006JULY
Cro
ss S
ect
ion
(b
)
Neutron Energy (MeV)
Preliminary data IRMM 2006
inferred frominverse reaction:
13C(,n)16O
4,8 5,0 5,2 5,4 5,6 5,8 6,0 6,2 6,4 6,6 6,8 7,0 7,2 7,4 7,6 7,80,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
0,45
reaction: D(d,n)3Hetarget: D gas, 20 kPawindow: 5 m Mo
Neutron sourceENDF/B-VIIb2
IRMM2006JULY data: PRELIMINARY !!!Giorginis, Khryachkov, Corcalciuc, Kievets
ENDF/B-VI 16O(n,
0)13C 1990
16O(n,0)13C 2001
16O(n,0)13C 2005
16O(n,0)13C DAVIS1963
16O(n,0)13C HARISSOP2005 InverseR
16O(n,0)13C SEKHARAN1967 InverseR
16O(n,0)13C IRMM2006JULY
Cro
ss S
ect
ion
(b
)
Neutron Energy (MeV)
Preliminary data IRMM 2006
4,8 5,0 5,2 5,4 5,6 5,8 6,0 6,2 6,4 6,6 6,8 7,0 7,2 7,4 7,6 7,80,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
0,45
reaction: D(d,n)3Hetarget: D gas, 20 kPawindow: 5 m Mo
Neutron sourceENDF/B-VIIb2
IRMM2006JULY data: PRELIMINARY !!!Giorginis, Khryachkov, Corcalciuc, Kievets
ENDF/B-VI 16O(n,
0)13C 1990
16O(n,0)13C 2001
16O(n,0)13C 2005
16O(n,0)13C DAVIS1963
16O(n,0)13C HARISSOP2005 InverseR
16O(n,0)13C SEKHARAN1967 InverseR
16O(n,0)13C IRMM2006JULY
Cro
ss S
ect
ion
(b
)
Neutron Energy (MeV)
Preliminary data IRMM 2006
17Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
NEPTUNE: New pulsed and tunable neutron source
beam chopper at VdG for measurements in the s to ms range
18Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
VERDI: Velocity for direct particle identification
fission fragment properties: Z, A, Ekin
identification of pre-cursors for delayed neutron emission
16 fission fragment detectorstwo-arm spectrometer
n
FP
19Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
NUDAMETransnational Access to IRMM neutron data facilities• FP6 EURATOM programme
• 3000 supplementary data-taking hours for external users• 18 experiments approved by PAC, April 1, 2005 – March 31, 2008
20Workshop on European Small-Scale Accelerator Facilities, Aghios Nikolaos, Crete 7-8 September 2007
• positive evaluation contract negotiations
• 4 years (2008 – 2012)
• 5600 supplementary data-taking hours for external users
• start-up probably April 2008
EUFRAT:new TA proposal for Euratom FP7 programme
if you are interested:check out our websitehttp://www.irmm.jrc.be