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Workshop
THE EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY
February 2010
The development of EEE components forfuture space projects
Mikko Nikulainen
Head of Materials and Component Technology Division, ESA
Workshop
Overview of the Presentation
• Introduction to ESTEC/TEC service model• New organisation of TEC-Q• Strategic development lines in the areas of EEE-
components• Future challenges
Workshop
ESTEC : Technical Heart of ESA
ESA is based on the Cooperation of 18 European Member States working together in the European Space Agency and its membership continues to grow
The ESTEC workforce builds on this multi-nationality and forms the technical heart of ESA’s space efforts for over 40 years
ESTEC houses the core of ESA space project management (science, human & robotic exploration, earth observation, telecommunication and navigation) in close proximity to the technical expertise and laboratories of the Directorate of Technical & Quality Management (D/TEC)
ESTEC is also the driving force behind ESA’s technology development programmes stimulating R&D efforts in support of space systems and launchers for Europe
Workshop
ESTEC in Noordwijk, The Netherlands
ESTEC 1•40 hectares, built-up area 110,000 m2
•1/3 offices, •1/3 Technical
including Test Centre,•1/3 Circulation
corridor, restaurant, ESCAPE.
ESTEC 2•4.5 ha for new buildings, facilities and other business-related services outside the estate. •Regulated by an agreement with the Dutch government (1962) updated in November 2006
Workshop
1. Prepare for the Future
• Technology R&D studies
• Phases A
• Concurrent Design Engineering
• Technical Infrastructure
2. Manage the
Present Programmes
• Most ESA programmes (all except Ariane 5 Launchers)
• For TEC : Technical support to all projects, incl. PA and safety
3. Cooperate with European Industry
• ESTEC Test Centre
• Cooperation with other Technical Facilities in Europe
• Support to Industry
Roles of ESTEC
Workshop
ESA Matrix Structure
Mechanical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Product Assurance andSafety
Mission Operations
Ground SystemsEngineering
Project Support
TEC
LAU HSFTIAEOPSRE
Project Management Teams
Programme Directors
Director General
OPS
RES, LEX
SW, Systems and Technology
GAL
Workshop
Product Assurance and Safety Department
Requirements & Standards Division
TEC-QR(Luciano Balestra)
Quality, Dependability& PA Support Division
TEC-QQ(Roberto Ciaschi)
Materials & Components Space Evaluation Division TEC-QE (Ralf de Marino)
Materials & Components Technology Division
TEC-QT(Mikko Nikulainen)
Head of the Product Assuranceand Safety Department
TEC-Q (Jack Bosma -1.4.2010)
Quality Assurance & Management Section
TEC-QQM (open)
Dependability & Safety Assurance
SectionTEC-QQD (Luigi
Bianchi)
Software ProductAssurance SectionTEC-QQS (Lothar
Winzer)
Components Space Evaluation &
Radiation Effects Section
TEC-QEC (Ali Zadeh)
Materials Technology Section
TEC-QTM (Ton de Rooij)
Materials Space Evaluation &
Radiation Effects Section
TEC-QEM (Marc van Eesbeek)
• Project PA Managers & Engineers
• Quality Managers
• Manufacturing Technology Advisor
ESCC Components Standardisation Section TEC-QES (Tony
Gouder)
Components Technology SectionTEC-QTC (Laurent
Marchand)
QMS OfficeTEC-QP (Thoma Deak)
QMS OfficeTEC-QP (Thoma Deak)
Planetary Protection Officer(Gerhard Kminek)
Independent Safety Office
TEC-QI (Tomasso Scobba)
Independent Safety Office
TEC-QI (Tomasso Scobba)
Workshop
Preparing for the Future in EEE-component Domain
• EEE-components are the fundamental building blocks of the spacecraft system.
• Since 2006, ESA together with the European stake holders have focussed on building-up end-to-end strategies for critical technologies in the EEE-component domain.
• The goals are to: – Increase European non-dependence– Increase European industry global competitiveness by accelerating the
development of breakthrough technologies– Maintain the viability of the European EEE-component industry.
• The following areas have been addressed:– ECI with an objective to increase ITAR-free EEE-component supply for the
European industry by establishing European qualified components and collaborating with non-European partners.
– GaN program with a goal of space qualified supply chain by 2014.– Deep submicron technology (DSM) with a goal to have European space
qualified DSM technology available for the industry by 2013-2014– FPGA with a goal to establish a wide offering of non-ITAR FPGAs to match the
current US supply by 2012.
Workshop
European Components Initiative ECI)ECI target by 2013 is to have an average of 50% EEE component procurements from European or ECI global partnership sources
Between 2000 and 2006 the number of European components used in European satellites had steadily declined to as low as 30%. Today the Trend is turning: e.g. European (47%) to non-European (53%) EEE parts used on the ESA SWARM project.
All product domains addressed, since 2005 total of 20 MEu+ has been used to develop European EEE-components to replace US-sourced technologies (ESA-DLR-CNES).
Preparation of the workplans with end users, agencies and manufacturers (ESCC)
M&P to be included to ECI phase 3?0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
% E
urop
ean
part
s
Number of parts
Value of parts
METOP Herschel Planck
JWST
SWARM
European Space Qualified Components
2030405060708090
100110120130140
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
QualifiedCertificates
Qualifiedmanufacturers
Forecast data
Start of ECI 1
Start of ECI 2
Proposed start of ECI 3 ECI 2
Workshop
Deep SUB-MICRON (DSM) Technology for Space Applications
• 2006: Analysis of the DSM capabilities showed that the European manufacturers were approximately 5 years behind their US counterparts.
• Export licence-free access to these DSM technologies would improve and sustain European competitiveness
• Goal is to challenge US space qualified DSM technology by 2014 to enable next generation telecom payloads (“flexible payloads”) and high end earth observation missions.
• 2007: Three key technologies identified: – High speed/low power Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) – High speed/low power Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)– DSM radiation-hardened Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) technology
and high speed serial links (HSSLs)
• 2008: Phase 1 development was started under ESA funding (4 MEu)• Second phase of the development from EC FP7 program• Technology qualification phase foreseen from ECI-program.• High pin-count packaging issues are becoming critical (short-pin, six-sigma, polymer
balls…)
Workshop
FPGA for Space Applications Today • Market leadership from US on space qualified devices.• The smaller capacity European ATMEL AT40K device became available in 2004
based on the 0.35µm Atmel technology node. • European 280K FPGA development: ATF280 prototypes are today available.• Fully qualified devices are now expected by Q4 2010.
Ongoing Development• ITAR free 450Kgates Silicon on Insulator (SOI) development between ATMEL (F),
OKI Semi-Conductor (OSC) and HIREC of Japan. – ESCC Qualification 2011.– Possible candidate for a joint ESA-JAXA In Orbit Demonstration opportunity
(SDS5).Future • MCM activities planned to boost the capacity of the existing devices.• Next generation FPGAs ranging up to 2.5 MGates is investigated. • FPGA development impact on testing, assembly and packaging is mapped.• 450 kGates FPGA a candidate for In Orbit Demonstration onboard Japanese
SDS5.• European ITAR-free portfolio of space qualified ITAR free FPGAs is achievable in
a medium term but requires further collaboration with manufacturers, end users and agencies.
Workshop
Solar cells
DC power conditioning
Novel sensors
High RF power
Radiation hard
High intensity blue LEDs
High temperature operation
Why GaN?
• 5 to 10 times higher RF power• High voltage breakdown• High temperature operation• Radiation hard
Workshop
GaN Component Development for Space Applications
• GREAT2 (GaN Reliability Enhancement And Technology Transfer Initiative)
aims to have an evaluated and reliable GaN process available for project insertion by 2013 (ongoing)
• EuSiC (High Quality European GaN-Wafer on Silicon Carbide Substrates for Space applications) currenntly no high quality substrate available; aims to establish an independent and purely European supplier of high-quality semi-insulating substrate (kick-off during 2010).
• The development of highly manufacturable processes for Wide Band Gap technology compatible with a silicon production line aim is to start a work program in conjunction with a major European production manufacturer which will establish, validate and qualify a European source of GaN power switching transistor on silicon technology (ongoing).
Workshop
GaN Component Development for Space Applications (Continued)
• AGAPAC (Advanced GaN Packaging) GaN is operated at high junctions temperature; aim to establish a space compatible European supply chain for packaging (ongoing)
• ESA epitaxy benchmarking project Europe/Japan/ US suppliers (activity complete) , report still under review.
• In Orbit Demonstration for the European GaN-technology on PROBA-V (X-band transponder) in 2012.
Workshop
Future Challenges
• Europe has been investing extensively during the past 5 year to EEE-component technologies and this investment is seen to continue for the coming years.
• The ongoing EEE Component development activities and the established Roadmaps play a major role in establishing an ITAR-free EEE-component supply chain benefiting the space industries of Europe as well as opening markets for the European technology is the emerging space countries such as Japan, China and India.
• Objective to demonstrate the advanced technologies in space before entering to the commercial market.
• Space requires long-term investment, product cycles a slow when compared to the consumer market. Financial crisis has impacted the industrial structure, a continuous dialogue with all layers of the supply chain is required to maintain the industrial capabilities.
• Major challenges in establishing full supply chain for space including chip technology, packaging, assembly, testing and workmanship at all levels. Strategic work and dialogue with the industry on-going.
• ESA role is to (a) facilitate the co-operation, (b) provide technical support and know-how and (c) co-invest to promising technologies.