VIET NAM MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND INVESTMENT
NORTHERN MOUNTAINS POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT 2
ADDITIONAL FINANCING
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT
FRAMEWORK
September, 2014
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CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................................ II
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................... II
ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................................. III
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 1 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................... 2
1.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................................. 2 1.2 PROJECT COMPONENTS ........................................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER 2 - PROJECT BASELINE DATA .............................................................................................. 4
2.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................................................ 4 2.2 BY PROVINCES ........................................................................................................................................ 5
CHAPTER 3 - POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .......................................... 9
3.1 NATIONAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS ............................................................................................................ 9 3.2 APPLICABLE WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ...................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER 4 - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGAMENT FRAMEWORK ................................................... 12
4.1 GENERAL ..................................................................................................................................................... 12 4.2 SCREENING OF SUBPROJECTS ....................................................................................................................... 12 4.3 POTENTIAL IMPACT OF TYPES OF SUBPROJECTS .......................................................................................... 14
4.2.1 Rural roads/bridges ............................................................................................................................. 14 4.2.2 Rural water supply ............................................................................................................................... 15 4.2.3 Small-scale irrigation .......................................................................................................................... 16 4.2.4 Small-scale buildings ........................................................................................................................... 17 4.2.5 Small-scale agriculture livelihood ....................................................................................................... 17
CHAPTER 5 - MEASURES TO MANAGE POTENTIAL NEGATIVE IMPACTS .................................. 19
5.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS INSTRUMENTS ........................................................................................... 19 5.2 SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS INSTRUMENTS ........................................................................................................... 19 5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS INSTRUMENTS FOR EACH COMPONENT ...................................................... 20
CHAPTER 6 - INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR SAFEGUARDS IMPLEMENTATION ...... 24
6.1 IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... 24 6.2 TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING .................................................................................................... 26 6.3 COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ....................................................................................................................... 27 6.4. CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE .............................................................................................................. 27 6.5 MONITORING AND SUPERVISION PLAN ........................................................................................................ 27 6.6 COST ESTIMATES FOR SAFEGUARDS IMPLEMENTATION ............................................................................... 29
CHAPTER 7 - PUBLIC CONSULATION AND INFORMATION DISCOLOSURE................................. 30
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................................... 31
ANNEX 1: TEMPLATE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST ............................................................. 32
ANNEX 2. LIST OF BANNED PESTICIDES IN VIETNAM ...................................................................................... 35
ANNEX 3: EXCLUSION LIST FOR COMPONENT 1 .............................................................................................. 38
– DISTRICT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENTS ................................................................................... 38
ANNEX 4. EXCLUSION LIST FOR COMPONENT 2 .............................................................................................. 39
– COMMUNE DEVELOPMENT BUDGET ............................................................................................................ 39
ANNEX 5. ENVIRONMENTAL CODES OF PRACTICE (ECOP) ............................................................................... 40
ANNEX 6. TEMPLATE ON MONITORING AND REPORTING ............................................................................... 44
ii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: World Bank Safeguard Policies Triggered ................................................................ 11
Table 2: Responsibility for Safeguards Implementation ......................................................... 24
Table 3: Cost Estimates for Safeguards Implementation ........................................................ 29
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 NMPRP-2 AF Provinces location ............................................................................... 8
Figure 2 Diagram of screening process .................................................................................. 13
Figure 3 Environmental and Social Safeguards for each component ....................................... 21
Figure 4 Structure of communication and reporting .............................................................. 26
iii
ABBREVIATIONS
CDB Commune Development Board
CDBC Commune Development Budget Component
CPC Commune People’s Committee
CPO Central Project Coordination Office
CPRGS Comprehensive Poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy
CSC Construction Supervision Consultant
DA Designated Account
DONRE Provincial Department of Natural Resources and Environment
DPC District People’s Committee
DPI Provincial Department of Planning and Investment
DPMU District Project Management Unit
ECOP Environmental Codes of Practice
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EPC Environmental Protection Commitment
EMDP Ethnic Minority Development Plan
EM Ethnic Minorities
ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework
IP Indigenous people
LEP Law on Environmental Protection
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
MOF Ministry of Finance
MPI Ministry of Planning and Investment
NMPRP-1 1st Northern Mountains Poverty Reduction Project (2002-2007)
NMPRP-2 2nd Northern Mountains Poverty Reduction Project (2010-2015)
NTP National Target Program
O&M Operation and Maintenance
P135-II Program 135 - phase 2
PAP Project Affected People
PIM Project Implementation Manual
PPC Provincial People’s Committee
PPMU Provincial Project Management Unit
PPSC Provincial Project Steering Committee
SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment
SEDP Socio-Economic Development Plan
WB The World Bank
1
INTRODUCTION
Although several given progress in socio-economic development in recent years, the northern
mountainous region is still the poor one with the highest poverty rate among other regions in
the country. In consequence of the dissected topography, various ethnic groups, languages,
society and economy, local people’s livelihood is easily affected by natural disasters and
risks. Recent researches showed that the actual benefits of economic growth hardly reach the
disadvantaged groups. This is also the experiences of other developing countries.
To ensure sustainable and fair development targets, the Government of Vietnam has
continuously executed many poverty reduction projects and programs. The main poverty
reduction programs in the northern mountainous region are the Program 135 phase 1 and
phase 2, the 1st Northern Mountains Poverty Reduction Project (2002 – 2007), and the recent
launch of Support program for fast and sustainable poverty reduction in 61 poorest districts all
over the country. NMPRP-2 aims to improve upon the livelihoods models currently being
implemented under various NTPs and to enhance integration of the diverse investment
initiatives by improving the local-level economic development planning process. On behalf of
the GoV, Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI) has sent the request to the World Bank
for continuous support for livelihood improvement and poverty reduction in northern
mountainous region. Second Northern Mountains Poverty Reduction Project (NMPRP-2) AF
is proposed and prepared.
The project conforms to the Comprehensive Poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy
(CPRGS) and other National Targeted Programs to strengthen and improve poverty reduction
and economic growth achievements in supported regions.
The NMPRP-2 AF has the same primary objective with NMPRP-2: To enhance the living
standards of the Project beneficiaries by improving: (i) their access to productive
infrastructure; (ii) the productive and institutional capacities of local governments and
communities; and (iii) market linkages and business innovations. This will be achieved by
increasing the capacity of the community to plan and manage their own activities within a
program of decentralized development. Agricultural production will be improved by building
and upgrading small-scale irrigation systems, supporting sustainable rural upland farming and
animal husbandry through applied demonstrations and training and providing a larger range of
options through applied on-site research. Access to seeding, agricultural inputs, technology
and information will be gained through improving the roads network (road, bridges and
culverts) from district to commune or/and from village to village as well as by building and
upgrading the local rural markets. Different from the 1st Project, NMPRP-2 AF encourages
the sustainable agriculture practice such as practicing the free chemical production and
reusing/recycling the agriculture waste, the people’s health will be improved through
improving village’s water supply. A community budget will be managed by the commune to
directly target investment for the needs of the poorest. Through successful project
implementation, technical and administrative capacity will be built at all levels for future
development.
This Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) analyzes the potential
environmental impacts of the NMPRP-2 AF in the provinces of Son La, Lao Cai, Lai Chau,
Dien Bien, Yen Bai and Hoa Binh. Mitigation measures are proposed for the anticipated
negative impacts and to further increase project benefits. The ESMF is prepared in accordance
with OP/BP 4.01 (Environmental Assessment), as well as National Law on Environmental
Protection (LEP) 2005, and other relevant legal documents under the LEP such as decree
#29/2011/ND-CP dated 18 April 2011 on regulation on SEA, EIA and EPC. The report is
based on field observations, literature review and discussions with government officials,
international and national experts working in Vietnam in development and environmental
organizations and villagers.
2
CHAPTER 1 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION
1.1 Project Objectives
The NMPRP-2 AF development objective is to enhance the living standards of the project
beneficiaries by improving their access to productive infrastructure, the productive and
institutional capacity of local governments and communities, and market linkages and
business innovations. This will be achieved through increasing the capacity at all levels for
decentralized planning and implementation of poverty reduction projects in remote upland
and ethnic minority areas while providing the essential community-based physical and social
infrastructures in those communes. The NMPRP-2 AF proposes to implement in 259
communes, 29 districts in 6 provinces of Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Son La, Hoa Binh, Dien Bien and
Lai Chau. The NMPRP-2 AF provinces include approximately 174,000 households with
approximately more than 83,000 poor households, about 90 - 95% of which are ethnic
minorities. The project will be implemented over three years (2015-2018) with total project
costs of approximately US$110 million.
1.2 Project Components
The parent project has four components:
(i) Component 1 - District Economic Development (45%): The objective of
this component is to provide investment support to the District Socio-
Economic Development Plans (SEDPs), focusing on productive and
economic infrastructure for increased agriculture productivity, direct local
employment, and income generation, and to explore market linkages for
livelihood opportunities for the poor. The component finances commune-
level infrastructure works managed by Districts (Subcomponent 1.1); and
Diversification opportunities for market linkages and business innovation
support (Subcomponent 1.2).
(ii) Component 2 - Commune Development Budget (40%): This component
finances small-scale public infrastructure subprojects for which villages and
communes take direct responsibility. These include village infrastructure
improvements (Subcomponent 2.1); Livelihoods support and production
services (Subcomponent 2.2); Support for women’s social and economic
development activities (Subcomponent 2.3); and Community Operation and
Maintenance (O&M) (Subcomponent 2.4).
(iii) Component 3 - Capacity Building (7.5%): This component supports
various capacity building efforts including: Socio-economic development
planning (Subcomponent 3.1); commune and village cadre training
(Subcomponent 3.2); District cadre training (Subcomponent 3.3);
Employment-related skills training (Subcomponent 3.4); and Natural disaster
risk mitigation for communities and households (Subcomponent 3.5).
(iv) Component 4 - Project Management (7.5%): This component covers
operating costs for facilitation and for the project implementation units at
various levels, monitoring and evaluation, governance and anti-corruption
efforts, and communication.
The current design of the NMPRP-2 has proven to be effective and no radical changes are
needed. The AF would extend the existing project modalities to additional Communes and
3
Districts and would contribute to their long term sustainability through the further testing of
integrated planning at the local level to (a) realize immediate efficiency gains in terms of
lower transaction and overhead costs; (b) inform the dialogue at the national level on the
integration of NTPs; and (c) encourage provinces to further devolve investment ownership to
communes as appropriate. These changes can be accommodated within the existing four
components with the following modifications (the distribution of the AF financing over the
project components will be worked out during project preparation):
i. Component 1: District Economic Development: Subcomponent 1.1 would (a)
continue activities in the locations where the project is currently active; and (b) expand
to new communes and districts, to be identified during preparation, with a poverty
incidence of more than 48 percent;1 Subcomponent 1.2 would (a) continue develop
and strengthen business partnerships between CIGs and agro businesses; and (b)
establish a competitive mechanism to promote innovative partnership between CIGs
and private sector.
ii. Component 2: Commune Development Budget: All three Subcomponents (village
infrastructure improvements; livelihoods support; and support for women’s social and
economic development activities) would continue in the existing project areas as well
as in the new communes and districts to be included in the program. This component
would support the further devolution of responsibilities by way of increasing the
budget to be managed at the commune level (from currently 40% to around 58%), and
proportionally reduce the budget managed at the district level. The livelihoods support
would include support for climate change adaption technology.
iii. Component 3: Capacity Building: In addition to the continuation of the existing
activities, this component would support the mainstreaming/ institutionalization of the
SEDP process both in Communes/Districts where block grants are financed from the
proceeds of the Credit, and from the National Budget. Successful SEDP will need to
be accompanied by further decentralization of budget to the commune level in the
Government’s programs. This component will contribute to promote such
decentralization, including through incentives for local governments. This component
will include an additional subcomponent on “Institutional Development” to help
deepening policy dialogues with the project provinces and the GoV on poverty
reduction.
iv. Component 4: Project Management: There would be no changes to this component.
1 New poverty data for 2013 shows that the poverty rates in the non-project communes in a number of project districts are
very high (e.g. 50.2% in Muong Cha district, Dien Bien province, 55.5% in Van Ho district, Son La province or 46.8% in
Tram Tau district, Yen Bai province), compared to averaged poverty rate of project districts of 47.9%.
4
CHAPTER 2 - PROJECT BASELINE DATA
2.1 General
Geographical features of northern mountainous region are not propitious; topography is rather
complex and partitioned by high mountains and high-sloping rivers and streams. This is an
obstacle for socio-economic infrastructure development (particularly inter-village roads and
inter-commune or inter-district roads) because of significant investment cost norms, limited
mobilization and people’s contributions. This is the biggest barricade for the northern
mountainous provinces to integrate into the socio-economic development process of the
neighboring provinces.
Generally, natural resources as land, forest, river and streams, minerals in these provinces are
fairly abundant but not brought into play due to lack of investment capitals, backward
technologies, lack of high-qualified human resources. Industry is in small scale, mainly
individuals, poor products, no master products, quality and unit prices of industrial products,
therefore, are less competitive in the markets. Many valuable natural resources, not only for
minerals but also potentials for tourism, geographic position, potential energy, have not been
exploited scientifically and effectively. Local products have not been taken their advantages
and commercial values, mainly local consumption
Although there are many potentialities and advantages, 6 project provinces are still the poor
ones of the country at all indexes from agriculture, industry, construction to services and
tourism. Poverty rate of this region is the highest one.
The efficiency and competition of the economy is low, production and business meets many
difficulties; economic structure slowly transfers. Physical and spiritual lives of local people
are hard, particularly ones of the poor, low income people, ethnic minority people who live in
remote and hazardous-potential areas. The gap in socio-economic development between
regions is increasing. Quality of human resources does not meet the requirements. Poverty
rate is still high; the risk of coming back to poverty is great. The access of ethnic minority
people to basic social services is limited. The State support in some place is somehow
inefficient.
Agriculture, forestry and aquaculture are mainly in household scale, not market-oriented and
demand-based. Production is scattered, technology is generally underdeveloped in many
highland communes. Shifting cultivation, forest firing for kaingin, monoculture and extensive
farming is widespread in the region. Forests are destroyed, including watershed and protection
ones, which causes high and increasing ratio of land erosion, barren hills.
Infrastructure in the project area is very difficult; school facilities are temporary and poor
conditions; health care services are limited; rural transportation is not fully invested,
particularly village roads, inter-village roads, commune roads are mainly pathways which is
very difficult travelling in the rainy season; lots of supplementary items as sewerage, drainage
system are not invested so that commodity exchanges and transportation. Although irrigation
system in recent years has been much invested by the Government but it is downgraded and
insufficient. Education level is low, the region has the highest rate of illiteracy, Lai Chau
(31.17%); Son La more than 10% (Aug 2008). Local cadres are insufficient in both quantity
and quality, especially technical - scientific staff, good economists, teachers at all levels
(schools, colleges and universities). Proportion of ethnic people graduated universities is quite
small while lowland cadres do not relieve their mind for long-term contribution.
5
2.2 By provinces
2.2.1 Dien Bien province
Dien Bien province has 348,049 hectares of forest with many precious and high-valued
timbers and some special plants. In additions, there are 61 kinds of animal, 270 kinds of bird,
27 kinds of amphibian animals, 25 kinds of reptiles, 50 kinds of fish.
Topography is complex and composed by long mountain range running from the Northwest to
the Southeast with elevation changing from 200 m to over 1,800 meters. The topography is
lower from the north to the south, and inclined gradually from the west to the east. High
mountains are intermixed by valleys, narrow and sloping rivers and streams which are located
all over the province. Provincial socio-economic infrastructures are underdeveloped,
especially district transportation network, inter-commune and inter-village roads are pathways
in poor quality, bridges system (including suspension bridges over the streams) is not
invested or seriously degraded that greatly affects to the district socio-economic
development.
Dien Bien province is also quite suitable for a variety of plants and animals such as industrial
trees, fruit trees, medicinal plants, breeding cattles and forest regeneration. Muong Thanh vast
field with fertile soils is considered as the granary of the Northwest. If it is adequately
invested and applied science and technology, it will become the high-quality rice producing
area for exports. Particularly, the diversification of Dien Bien’s topography, landscape and
ecological system is an advantage for the development of agriculture and forestry production
towards diversified crops and animals, natural conservation zone expansion associated with
ecotourism development. Dien Bien has also owned a number of minerals such as coal,
kaolin, black stones, gold, sand, gravel and other construction materials, but the reserves are
not large, but these are quite important resources to develop local industries. Dien Bien also
has the relics of Dien Bien Phu battlefield, several other places of scenic beauty, and specific
cultural characteristics of 21 ethnic minorities groups in the province (Thai dancing,
traditional wine (rượu cần), bamboo-tube rice, traditional food (nậm pịa), etc.) which could
attract international and domestic tourists to visit and ecotourism. In additions, Dien Bien
province has border lines with Laos and China and some border gates as Tay Trang, Pa Thom,
Muong Loi, A Pa Chai, etc. which is important for economic development and exchanges.
Besides, Dien Bien airport has been upgrading and expanding. The province has potential for
hydropower and other electrical energy sources development.
2.2.2 For Hoa Binh province
Compared to other project provinces, Hoa Binh province has the most convenient
transportation system connecting to neighboring areas. Da River with the length of 151
kilometers is the largest river in the province, its capacity is 9.5 billion m3. Besides there are
some other rivers such as Buoi River, Boi River, Bui River, Lang River which are favorable
conditions for hydroelectricity, water transportation and aquaculture development. Hoa Binh
province has many potentialities for tourism such as cultural tourism; ecotourism and places
of scenic beauty as Kim Boi mineral spring, Tien pagoda - Lac Thuy district, Song Da lake
with many majestic landscapes and mountains, Lac village - Mai Chau district with the
Thai’s cultural beauty and the special use forest and conservation zones, etc.
Hoa Binh has relatively good conditions for agricultural production with annual average
temperature is over 23°C. The temperature is highest in July with the average of 27 - 29°C,
conversely it is lowest in January with the average of 15.5 – 16.5°C.
There are many commodities specializing areas such as the orange area in Cao Phong district;
purple sugarcane in Tan Lac and Cao Phong districts; timber and big bamboos in Da Bac and
Mai Chau districts; peanut and bean area in Lac Son and Yen Thuy districts; watermelon in
6
Lac Thuy and Kim Boi districts; medicine plants in Tan Lac and Lac Son district; tea in
Luong Son, Mai Chau and Da Bac districts.
2.2.3 For Lai Chau province
Lai Chau has alpine terrains. There is more than 60 % of the area with the height of over
1,000 m, and more than 90% of the area with the slope of over 25o. Lai Chau is seriously
divided by mountain chains along to the Northwest-Southeast direction and inserted by quite
plain valleys. The density of rivers and streams in Lai Chau is rather high (5.5 – 6/ km2). Its
rivers have a lot of waterfalls and high-discharged flows which is potentiality for
hydroelectricity. The density of rivers and streams in Lai Chau is rather high (5.5 – 6/ km2).
Lai Chau is riverhead of Da river. Besides, there are three main rivers with the first-grade
valleys of Da River, including: Nam Na river, Nam Ma river and Nam Mu river.
Due to the complicated and strongly-partitioned topography, large natural area but low
population density and uneven distributions which is mainly gathered in the towns and
specializing area of rice production, it is very difficult for transportation and commodities
exchanges between regions within the provinces and from province to other ones.
Besides above-mentioned difficulties and limitations, the province has great potentialities for
economic development such as reforestation, ecotourism, small and large-scale
hydroelectricity in sloping terrains and rivers and streams. Lai Chau has two border economic
zones with China and Laos, in association with the “growth triangle” of Hanoi - Hai Phong-
Quang Ninh by the national highways No. 4D, No. 70, No. 32 and Da River waterway. There
are several landscapes and historic sites, and many ethnic minority groups with specifically
cultural characters and traditions. Lai Chau province also has some such precious minerals as
gold, metals, rare soils, hot mineral spring, etc., however they are not appropriately explored
and assessed. In case it is done rationally, Lai Chau province would become a regional
commercial-service-tourist center.
2.2.4. Lao Cai province
Lao Cai province has more than 200 km of border lines with Van Nam province of China.
There are 25 ethnic groups, in which ethnic minorities account for 64.09% of the population:
The topography of Lao Cai province is very complex and has highly-layered altitudes. Most
of provincial area is from 300 to 1,000 meters high. Socio-economic infrastructure does not
meet the development requirement which is an inherent difficulty of a highland province.
Lao Cai province has abundant mineral resources, which is the basis for the development of
mineral exploiting and processing industries. Lao Cai has a tourist resort in Sa Pa district
located on the average elevation of 1.200m - 1,800m, and with all-year-round fresh climate
with average temperature of 15oC - 20
oC in the highland (for Sa Pa, it is 14
oC - 16
oC and not
over 20oC), which is very good for tourism development with rocky-mountain and forest
landscapes, waterfalls, and many traditionally cultural activities are gathered as highland
market-days, Sa Pa lover’s market, etc. Hoang Lien Son mountain range with Fansipan peak
is considered as the housetop of Vietnam and Hoang Lien conservation zone attracts many
scientists and tourists. The province also has many historic sites, natural caves and
agricultural specialties as plums, temperate vegetables, precious medicine plants, salmon
(Finland), sturgeon (Russia), etc. Lao Cai is located in the “economic corridor” of Con Minh -
Lao Cai - Ha Noi - Hai Phong, which is the gateway to Van Nam province and western China.
Forest in Lao Cai is abundant in number of species and typicalness. The province has a dense
system of river and stream which are fairly placed with two major rivers as Red river and
7
Chay river. In addition, there are thousands of large and small-scale river and stream, that is a
favorable condition for Lao Cai to develop small and medium-scale hydroelectricity plants.
2.2.5 Son La province
Son La province's topography mostly has mountains and plateaus with the average elevation
of 600 - 700m. It is divided into three ecological zones: the area along the national highway
No. 6, the area along Da River and the upland border.
Son La has the border lines with Laos with the length of 250 km and 2 national border gates
with Laos. The province has nearly one million hectares of forests and forests land, which has
had great role for human ecology, environment and watershed protection for Da River, for
regulating water resources for Hoa Binh hydropower plant and Son La hydropower plant. Son
La province has two plateaus as Moc Chau (1,050 m) and Na San (800m) which have
typically nearby temperate climate with average temperature of 21 o
Cand fertile soils for tea,
coffee, fruit plants (plum, peach), silkworm breeding and silk weaving, dairy farming. It could
develop mining industry, tea and agricultural products processing. Son La has Ban Flower
Festival of the Thai people, Hin village, Yen Chau landscape, Tham Tet Toong cave and
transportation system (National highways No. 6, No. 37, No. 43, No. 279 and No. 46) ,
waterways (Da and Ma rivers), air-route Na San – Hanoi on small-scale and for tourism and
service development.
2.2.6 Yen Bai province
Geographical location, economic and natural conditions of some areas are not favorable;
mountainous terrain is not flat, transportation from the major centers to provincial center has
not been timely upgraded. Yen Bai is frequently affected by natural disasters such as floods,
drought which causes the difficulties for agricultural production.
Forests and forest land offer potential natural resources that could be exploited in a
sustainable way. Plants are abundant diversified: precious medicine plants, forest trees as
bamboo, neohouzeaua, etc.
Yen Bai province has many minerals such as iron, copper, lead, zinc, gold, rare soil, non-
metallic minerals such as pyrite, barite, kaolin, quartz. Yen Bai has two big rivers as Red and
Chay rivers with tens of billions m3 of water per year, with large water surface, of which Thac
Ba reservoir is the largest one with total area of 19,050 ha, supplying water for agricultural
production, forestry and residential living and creating good conditions for aquaculture. The
province has the potential for small and medium-scale hydropower.
8
Dien Bien
Provinces considered in NMPRP-2 AF:
Son La
Lao Cai
Lai Chau
Dien Bien
Yen Bai
Hoa Binh
Figure 1 NMPRP-2 AF Provinces location
9
CHAPTER 3 - POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
3.1 National Laws and Regulations
In Vietnam the Law on Environmental Protection (LEP) passed by the National Assembly on
29 November 2005. This LEP stipulates environmental protection action; policy, measure and
resources for environmental protection; right and responsibility of organization, household,
and individual for environmental protection. This LEP stipulates Strategic Environmental
Assessment (SEA) for strategies, master plans and plans of five (5) years, Environmental Impacts
Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Protection Commitment (EPC), both of them applicable
to projects.
Depending on the type, location, sensitivity and the scale of proposed project, each proposed
project is classified into one of two categories including (a) project triggers EIA and (b)
project triggers EPC. Decree 29/2011/ND-CP dated 18 April 2011 provides details about EIA
and EPC requirements. A detailed list of projects subject to EIA is presented in Appendix II
and III to this decree.
In case environmental impacts are less significant than for those projects subject to EIA, an
environmental protection commitment (EPC) is required to ensure comprehensive
development and sustainability.
Other laws, legal documents under the laws and national technical regulations will be applied
to the project, including:
Laws:
Law on Construction No.16/2003/QH11
Law on Land No.13/2003/QH11
Law on Water Resources No.08/1998/QH10
Law on Biodiversity No.20/2008/QH12
Law on Forest Development and Protection No. 29/2004/QH11
Law on Plants Quarantine and Protection No. 41/2013/QH13
Law on Labour 2012
Law on Cultural Heritage No. 28/2001/QH10
Law on Road Traffic No. 26/2001/QH10
Decrees
- Government Decree No. 34/2005/ND-CP dated 17/03/2005 regarding regulations on
fines applied to violation to water resources legislations
- Government Decree No. 80/2006/ND-CP dated August 9th
, 2006 by Vietnamese
Government on detail regulations and guidance on the implementation of some
Articles of the Environment Law.
- Government Decree No. 21/2008/ND-CP dated 28 February 2008 on amendment to
some articles of Decree 80/2006/ND-CP
- Government Decree No. 29/2011/ND-CP dated 18 April 2011 on regulation on
SEA, EIA and EPC
- Government Decree No. 81/2006/ND-CP dated August 9th
, 2006 by Vietnamese
Government on administrative fine applicable to environmental Law violations.
10
- Government Decree No. 34/2005/ND-CP dated 17 March 2005 regarding
administrative fines applicable to violations to the Law on Water resources.
Circular and Decision
- MONRE Circular No. 26/2011/TT-BTNMT dated 18 July 2011 on detailed
regulation on some articles of Decree 29/2011/ND-CP.
- MARD Decision No. 23/2007/QĐ-BNN dated 28 March 2007 by MARD on the
lists of usable/banned pesticides in Vietnam
- MARD Circular No. 21/2013/TT-BNNPTNT dated 17 April 2013 on the
promulgation of the list of acceptable, restricted and banned agrochemicals, and the
additional lists of plant varies allowed be producing and trading in Vietnam.
National technical regulation
- QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT – national technical regulation on surface water quality
- QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT – national technical regulation on groundwater quality
- QCVN 15:2008/BTNMT – national technical regulation on the pesticides residues
in the soils
- QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT – national technical regulation on noise
- QCVN 05:2008/BTNMT – national technical regulation on ambient air quality
- QCVN 02:2009/BYT – national technical regulation on domestic water quality
- QCVN 01:2009/BYT – national technical regulation on drinking water quality
- Other existing Vietnamese environmental standards
International conventions on environmental protection signed by Government of Viet Nam
- Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar, Iran 1971)
- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
(CITES)
- Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
11
3.2 Applicable World Bank Safeguard Policies
Table 1: World Bank Safeguard Policies Triggered
Safeguards Policies
triggered
Explanation
OP/BP 4.01
(Environmental
Assessment)
This policy is triggered due to project environmental
and social impacts. Nevertheless, the project is expected
to have a low environmental and social impact since the
investments are mostly of small-scale in both budget
and scope. This provides a low-risk opportunity to better
integrate environmental issues within development
project work and to raise awareness and capacity among
all stakeholders. The project would have positive
environmental and social impacts by improving
agriculture production, mobility and basic connection of
rural road networks. The negative impacts are expected
to be minor and site specific and easily mitigated by
applying tangible mitigation
OP 4.09 (Pest
Management)
This policy is triggered due to potential increased use of
chemicals including fertilizers and pesticides for
agricultural livelihood activities.
OP/BP 4.12 (Involuntary
Resettlement)
This policy is triggered due to potential land acquisition.
The project will invest in upgrading small-scale rural
infrastructures (e.g. access roads, irrigation, water
supply and market) and therefore some level of land
acquisition is anticipated. Experience from the NMPRP-
1 confirmed that each of these small infrastructure
improvements would have a low-intensive impact
OP/BP 4.10 (Indigenous
Peoples)
Since the overwhelming majority of project
beneficiaries are ethnic minorities (94-100%), this
policy is triggered. However, a stand- alone Ethnic
Minority Development Plan is not required as the entire
project is considered as an EMDP
The World Bank Policy on
Access to Information
This policy applies to the project in order to ensure that
key stakeholders, especially locally-affected peoples can
(i) access project information, (ii) participate in project
identification and preparation and (iii) monitor project
implementation
12
CHAPTER 4 - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGAMENT FRAMEWORK
4.1 General
The main objective of the ESMF process is to ensure that the subprojects and activities to be
financed under the Project would not create significant adverse impacts on the local
environment and local communities and that the residual and/or unavoidable impacts will be
adequately mitigated in line with the WB’s safeguard policy and national laws. Based on the
potential negative impacts and mitigation measures described in Chapter 4 and 5, the ESMF
process has been designed for three key actions: (a) screening for the subprojects, (b)
implementation arrangements, and (c) responsibility of relevant agencies. This ESMF process
is included in the Project Implementation Manual (PIM).
This ESMF is elaborated in response to the Bank’s EA as well as the Government
requirements to examine environmental and social issues when a project includes subprojects
that are not yet been identified and therefore the impacts cannot be determined in a specific
way.
This ESMF provides the process to:
Verify that the selected activities within the project, taking into account the
environmental regulations of Vietnam and the Bank's safeguard policies.
Establish environmental measures to reduce the negatives impacts and enhance
positive impact.
Establish a control mechanism to verify the proper implementation of the
environmental measures
4.2 Screening of Subprojects
For proposed subprojects of the Project, the following screening process will be adopted to
ensure that the subprojects fulfill the requirements of the WB and the Gov and non-significant
social and/or environmental impacts would be caused:
13
Figure 2 Diagram of screening process
In order to ensure that the sub projects won't cause significant impacts, any proposed
subproject falling within Appendix II and III of Decree 29/2011/ND-CP that would trigger a
full EIA will not be financed under the project.
Regarding Component 1 and Component 2, an exclusion list will also apply to determine
ineligible subprojects (see Annex 3 and Annex 4). Any proposed subproject falling within this
exclusion list will not be financed under the Project.
In addition to the screening process, this ESMF presents in Annex 1, an EA checklist to
screen out:
The location of the investments– whether the investments are planned within a
protected area, whether there is involvement of unexploded ordnance (UXO), and
potential impacts on cultural heritage, etc.
SUBPROJECT
Is the subproject falling within activities from Appendix II
and III of Decree 29 / 2011 / ND - CP
Ineligible Subproject
WB requirements
Is the subproject falling within Annex 3 or
4 of the ESMF ?
Ineligible Subproject
YES
NON
WB requirements
NON
YES
GoV requirements
Environmental Issues
Component 1 : ECOPs , consider Annex 5 Component 2 : ECOPs , consider
Social Issues
Component 1 & 2 : Annual RPs
Environmental Issues
Component 1 : EPC / Article 30 Decree 29 / 2011 Component 2 : EPC / Article 30
Annex 5 Decree 29 / 2011
14
Environmental issues as well as climate change and disaster risk issues to ensure long-
term sustainability of the investments
Social issues such as potential resettlement, conflict over land tenure.
It is important to mention that NMPRP-2 AF would have environmental and social impacts
similar to NMPRP-2 because the Project objective remains unchanged, like it was explained
in Chapter 1.
NMPRP-2 AF is not expected to cause significant environmental and social impacts. The
Project would not invest in any infrastructure in protected areas such as nature reserve,
national parks, primary forests, important wetland, protection or special use forests.
The potential environmental and social impacts of NMPRP-2 AF have been anticipated based
on review of impacts from the parent Project. The Project continues to emphasize bottom-up
participatory planning as the basis for its implementation. The environmental assessment is
based on review of a number of typical sub-projects observed in several different Project
areas that will be broadly representative of the future investments. The environmental
assessment is thus applicable to these investments while the specified mitigation and
monitoring measures can be used as guidelines with adjustments according to the local
situation.
4.3 Potential Impact of Types of Subprojects
Although NMPR-2 AF will result in both positive and negative effects; overall, the Project is
seen as being generally positive with respect to its impact on the environment. Where there
are some negative impacts foreseen, mitigation and monitoring measures are expected to be
sufficient to reduce or eliminate them. The sub-projects that will be implemented are
relatively small in scale and scope – they are thus not likely to have a significant
environmental impact on an individual basis. The process of their implementation offers a
low-risk opportunity to integrate environmental issues within the development process and to
build capacity for environmental assessment, management and monitoring at all levels. Some
mitigation and monitoring measures will be required and these are outlined in the standard
mitigation measures.
4.2.1 Rural roads/bridges
Inspection of a number of rural roads/bridges identified as possible sub-projects showed many
existing problems, particularly a lack of cross-drainage, land slips and slide especially on the
upper slopes above the roads and poor disposal of spoil from the construction works. In
addition, the roads were in poor condition, with rutted surfaces of varying quality, a lack of
proper guttering, no signs indicating potentially dangerous locations and broken bridges
requiring nervous crossings over single wooden planks. NMPRP-2 AF project will continue
to support the proper rehabilitation of these roads including provision of adequate cross-
drainage, soil compaction, gutters, surface, signing, new embankments, bridges and erosion
protection. Roads/bridges will be rehabilitated in locations where there are existing tracks, so
no natural habitats or cultural/historical/burial sites will be impacted. A focus of the project
will be on organizing and training local villagers for recurrent maintenance of the completed
roads/bridges. This will keep the roads/bridges in good condition for a long period of time and
include education on the dangers to pedestrians of higher-speed traffic. This investment will
thus result in a broadly positive impact on the environment for the repaired or upgraded
roads/bridges. Some negative environmental impacts associated with rehabilitation of the
15
existing rural roads/bridges such as small-scale land acquisition and loss of assets, dust, noise,
wastes, accident risk and movement disturbance have been anticipated, yet these impacts are
negligible as seen in the parent Project
Positives impacts
Environmental factor Impacts
Social environment Improve the daily life of the village
Help to improve the safety of people´s life
Negatives impacts
Environmental factor Impacts Remarks
Social environment Land acquisition, Land area to be used for the
infrastructure is small.
Air quality Air pollution by dust
Noise nuisance
Due to the work scale, the impact
on the air quality will be small
and insignificant
Soil quality
Water quality
Soil affected due to
waste
Water quality affected
due to waste
Due to the work scale, the waste
volume will be small but it is
important to implement a measure
due to the topographic and
hydrologic characteristics of the
area.
4.2.2 Rural water supply
The Project intends to construct a number of sanitary water points in the project villages
including mainly shallow wells and piped water systems from spring sources. These water
points will be a significant improvement over the existing water sources of the villagers and
so will have a positive impact on human health. The water points will be constructed using
best practice, including proper well sitting with no unsealed openings and adequate drainage
and disposal of wastewater. Another concern in terms of sanitation and hygiene are behavioral
practices to ensure that the benefits of clean water in terms of improved health are obtained.
Even a proper water point will have a limited impact if there is poor handling and use of the
water. Thus, this project component includes an emphasis on water use education to address
the root cause of poor hygienic practice. An additional concern is the possibility that the water
source may be contaminated with some contaminants, especially bacteria. Thus a program of
initial testing and on-going monitoring is suggested to ensure that the water source is
providing the positive impact intended. The shallow well and running piped water supply are
not habitat for dengue mosquitoes, however collection points with tanks and rain water jars
are. It is important that these are covered to prevent them becoming breeding grounds for the
dengue mosquitoes. Therefore with proper design it is anticipated that the subproject will not
result in an increase in dengue fever incidence and this is not a significant impact.
Implementation of rural water schemes may involve small-scale land acquisition for placing
water tanks.
16
Positives impacts
Environmental factor Impacts
Social environment Improve the daily life of the people
Improves the health, sanitation and hygiene
of the communities.
Community members with better health
education
Negatives impacts
Environmental factor Impacts Remarks
Social environment Land acquisition for placing
tanks, shallow wells and piped
water systems
Land area to be used for
the infrastructure is
small.
4.2.3 Small-scale irrigation
The upgrading and construction of small-scale irrigation systems will mainly consist of
building small weirs and improving the canal systems for water distribution. More
importantly, farmers will be trained and organized to properly manage their irrigation systems
to improve the water use efficiency and to maintain the infrastructure. The more intensive use
of the existing agricultural land will increase local people’s incomes, intensify agricultural
activity within the lowlands and provide them with more food. As a result they will have less
time and reason, to go hunting or to expand upland agriculture that would degrade the
catchment. Their increased dependence on lowland agriculture will provide an incentive for
maintaining the upper catchment in good condition under local management. The major
impact of the irrigation investment is the positive benefit of increased food production and
higher household incomes. This will improve household food security and produce a surplus
that can be sold or traded for needed cash or other goods. It will have numerous multiplier
benefits such as improved education for children who will also study better because of being
well-fed. Families will be able to purchase needed preventative and curative medicines and
make longer-term investments that they would otherwise not be able to make because of
living day-to-day. The government will benefit by generating overall rice surpluses and not
having to invest as much in supporting people in these areas. Rehabilitation and operation of
irrigation systems will cause some anticipated environmental impacts such as small-scale land
acquisition, cut-off of water flow and conflict of water users in upstream and downstream.
However, these impacts are insignificant as seen in the parent Project.
Positives impacts
Environmental factor Impacts
Social environment Increase the household incomes
Increase the food production
Enhance the life style
17
Negatives impacts
Environmental factor Impacts Remarks
Social environment Small scale of land
acquisition,
Probable conflict of water
users
Land area to be used for
the infrastructure is
small.
It will be important
social participation of all
stakeholders, from the
definition and design of
the irrigation subproject.
Water Cut off water flow temporally
Insignificant
4.2.4 Small-scale buildings
Construction/rehabilitation of small buildings such as rural markets, multi-purpose houses
would not cause any significant environmental impacts except for a few minor impacts such
as wastes from construction, working interruption and accident risk.
Positives impacts
Environmental factor Impacts
Social environment Enhance the daily life of the people
Negatives impacts
Environmental factor Impacts Remarks
Soil quality
Water quality
Soil affected due to waste
Water quality affected due to
waste
Due to the work scale, the
waste volume will be
small but it is important to
implement a measure due
to the topographic and
hydrologic characteristics
of the area.
4.2.5 Small-scale agriculture livelihood
Impact from small scale agriculture livelihood is mostly positive. Agriculture livelihood will
benefit poor households from increasing income through application good practices of
cultivation and raising that may adapt to severe weather conditions in mountainous areas.
However, agriculture livelihood may involve potential use of pesticides and fertilizers that
will cause negative impacts on the environment and human health. In addition, agriculture
livelihood may introduce alien species in local conditions that can cause ecological risk.
18
Positives impacts
Environmental factor Impacts
Social environment Increase the household incomes
Increase the food production
Enhance the life style
Negatives impacts
Environmental factor Impacts Remarks
Social environment Impacted health due to use of
pesticides and fertilizers
Due to small scale of
livelihood activities, the
fertilizers and pesticides´
volume would be small,
and the impact would be
mitigable. Since there is
a list of the banned
pesticides in Vietnam, it
is important to consider
them.
Biodiversity Ecological risk due to
introduction of new species.
Due to the conditions of
the area and with the
previous experience, this
impact will be
insignificant.
19
CHAPTER 5 - MEASURES TO MANAGE POTENTIAL NEGATIVE IMPACTS
To ensure that the potential negative impacts of the Project are properly identified and
mitigated during the implementation and to comply with above-mentioned safeguards
policies, during the project preparation this environment and social management framework
(ESMF) has been prepared in close consultation with the concerned government agencies and
the World Bank. For NMPRP-2 AF, the environmental and social impacts will be managed
through applicability of safeguard instruments which are defined below.
5.1 Environmental Safeguards Instruments
Environmental Protection Commitment (EPC) to address environmental and social
impacts associated with implementation of a small investment not requiring EIA as per
Decree 29/2011/ND-CP dated 18 April 2011. The content and format of the EPC is in
accordance with Article 30th
, Chapter 4 of the Decree 29/2011/ND-CP and Circular
26/2011/TT-BTNMT dated July 18, 2011;
Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOP) to address construction-related impacts,
which are mostly temporary and similar in different locations. They should be included
in the bidding documents for construction contractors. An ECOP contains guidelines on
good practices in managing construction activities, standard environmental conditions
for an activity based on relevant national regulations/standards/specifications, and
criteria that determine when and to what extent a code applies to an activity, and
advisory notes on actions needed to assist in reaching compliance with the standard
environmental conditions. The Annex 5 presents the ECOP elaborated for this project.
5.2 Social Safeguards Instruments
Social Assessment (SA): An assessment of a sample of the Indigenous Peoples’ (Ethnic
Minorities’) communities in the project area, based on the principles of free, prior, and
informed consultation, was carried out to determine the potential adverse and positive
effects of the project. Critical to the determination of potential adverse impacts is an
analysis of the relative vulnerability of, and risks to, the affected Indigenous Peoples’
communities given their distinct circumstances and close ties to land and natural
resources, as well as their lack of access to opportunities relative to other social groups
in the communities, regions, or national societies in which they live. This assessment
provides guidance as to how best the project should work with these communities to
ensure that IPs/EMs receive culturally appropriate social and economic benefits; and
when potential adverse effects on Indigenous Peoples are identified, those adverse
effects are avoided, minimized, mitigated, or compensated for. Further details are
shown in a separate SA report.
Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF): The RPF lays down the principles and
objectives, eligibility criteria of DPs, entitlements, legal and institutional framework,
modes of compensation and rehabilitation, peoples participation features and grievances
procedures that will guide the compensation, resettlement and rehabilitation of the DPs.
Resettlement Plan (RP): The plan is based on up-to-date and reliable information about
(a) the proposed investment and its associated impacts on the displaced persons and
other adversely affected groups, (b) the legal issues involved in resettlement, and (c)
mitigation measures including compensation, assistance, and resettlement supports.
20
It is important to mention that during the NMPRP-2 implementation, there were
voluntary land donations due to the small scale of land acquisition. In NMPRP-2 AF,
voluntary land donation will be allowed only when it meets the description in the RPF.
More detailed guidance is shown in project’s RPF. In this project, RP will be prepared
on annual basis and at provincial level.
5.3 Environmental Safeguards Instruments for each Component
The following diagram present the Environmental Safeguard consider for each component of
NMPRP-2 AF. Since the Component 3 includes activities to build capacities and Component
4 includes Project Management activities, is not necessary to consider Environmental
Safeguards for both of them.
21
Figure 3 Environmental and Social Safeguards for each component
Component 1:
District Economic
Development
Environmental Issues
· ECOP/Annex 5
· EPC
Social Issues
Annual RP´s
Impacts
identified in
chapter 4.2
22
Subcomponent 2.3: Support for
women’s social and economic
development activities
Component 2: Commune
Development Budget
Sub component 2.1: village
infrastructure improvements
Sub component 2.2:Livelihoods
support and production services.
Environmental Issues
ECOP/Annex 5
EPC
Social Issues
Annual RP´s
Social Issues
Social Assessment (SA)
Environmental Issues
ECOP/Annex 5
Environmental Issues
List Annex 2/ Circular
21/2013/TT-BNNPTNT
Impacts identified in
chapter 4.2
5.3 Environmental Safeguards to avoid impacts due to pesticides use.
In order to avoid, in this project, negatives impacts due to use of pesticides, the ESMF
includes a list of pesticides banned by MARD2 in Annex 2 which was developed based on the
World Health Organization's Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to
Classification, 2009. It is mandatory in this project to consider the list in Annex 2 during the
selection of the agriculture livelihood project and during the implementation.
During the implementation stage, in order to avoid impacts due to pesticides use, the ESMF
propose measures to be taken, through the ECOP for agricultural livelihood activities (Annex
5). These measures include:
Guidelines on sustainable use of pesticides and fertilizers
Training the farmers in pest management use and raise awareness of farmers about risk
associated with use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers, carried out by provincial
DARD and District Agriculture Unit
Communication program for local people on pest management and pesticide and fertilizer
handling, storage and disposal.
2 The list presented in Annex 2, is attached to Circular 21/2013/TT-BNNPTNT dated 17 April 2013 issued by
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) in Viet Nam.
23
Provide farmers with the list of pesticides stores certified by DARD and guidance on
proper storage of pesticides and fertilizers
Guidance on proper handling of pesticides and fertilizers
Guidance on proper disposal of pesticides bottles and containers
24
CHAPTER 6 - INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR SAFEGUARDS
IMPLEMENTATION
6.1 Implementation Arrangements
The Central Project Coordination Office (CPO) is overall responsible for monitoring and
evaluation of project safeguards compliance and report to the Bank.
At central level, CPO shall assign staff responsible for project environmental and social
safeguards issues. At provincial level, the Provincial Project Management Unit (PPMU) will
appoint staff responsible for subproject environmental and social safeguards issues.
The Safeguards Supervision Consultants (SSC) hired by the Project, will assist CPO in
monitoring project environmental and social safeguards compliance and providing training in
environmental and social safeguards for project staff at both central and provincial levels.
Details about responsibility of relevant sides for safeguards implementation are given in the
following table.
Table 2: Responsibility for Safeguards Implementation
Who Responsibility
MPI/CPO Overall monitoring and evaluation of project environmental
and social safeguards compliance
Strengthening environmental and social safeguards capacity
for PPMUs
Reviewing and submitting the screening reports with their
recommendations to the Bank for review and no-objection
Assisting PPMUs in reviewing simple EPC and annual RP
before submitting them to the Bank for clearance
Preparing periodical monitoring reports to submit to the Bank
Safeguards Supervision
Consultants (SSC) Assisting CPO in strengthening environmental and social
safeguards capacity for PPMUs, subproject owners and
contractors
Assisting CPO in reviewing EPCs, environmental and social
monitoring reports submitted by PPMUs
Assisting CPO in monitoring and supervising project
environmental and social safeguards compliance
Assisting CPO in preparing 6-month environmental
monitoring reports on environmental and social safeguards
compliance
PPMU Consolidating screening results for submission to CPO
Preparing annual RP for submission to CPO
Monitoring and evaluation of environmental and social
safeguards performance at subproject level
Strengthening environmental and social safeguards capacity
for subproject owners and contractors
Coordinating with subproject owners, contractors and local
communities to address complaints and grievances
25
Who Responsibility
Preparing periodical monitoring reports to submit to CPO and
DONRE
Preparing 6-month monitoring report to submit to the Bank
during mission
DPMU Filling out the EA checklist form and submit to PPMU
Preparing EPC for eligible subproject and applying given
ECOPs to construction activities
Monitoring contractor’s compliance with environmental
covenants in the contract
Preparing monthly monitoring reports to submit to PPMU
Providing training in sustainable use of pesticides and
fertilizers for farmers
Resolving complaints and grievances during subproject
implementation
Commune Development
Board (CDB) (for
subproject under
subcomponent 2.1)
Monitoring contractor’s compliance with environmental
covenants in the contract
Resolving complaints and grievances during subproject
implementation
Construction Supervision
Consultant (CSC) and/or
Site Engineers hired by
subproject owner
Assisting subproject owner in monitoring daily contractor’s
safeguards compliance
Reporting safeguards issues to subproject owner in a timely
manner
Coordinating with contractors to resolve on-site safeguard
issues within capacity and authority
District People’s
Committee (DPC) Reviewing and approving subproject Environmental
Protection Commitment (EPC)3
Supervising implementation of EPC compliance during
construction
Local community
including community
monitoring board, affected
peoples and local
authority and NGOs
Participating in identifying and preparing subprojects
Supervising and monitoring subproject implementation in
terms of environmental and social safeguards compliance
Coordinating with PPMU, subproject owner and contractors
to address complaints and grievances in a timely manner
Participating in operation and maintenance of infrastructure
works
3 As per Vietnam LEP 2005, District People’s Committee (DPC) will be responsible for review and approval of
subproject EPC while EIA is subject to DONRE or MONRE. Subproject owner must ensure that EPC is
reviewed and approved by DPC before commencing subproject.
26
Figure 4 Structure of communication and reporting
6.2 Training and Capacity Building
Training on safeguard principles and instruments -- such as the RPF; ESMF and Project
Operation Manual -- will be provided to the project staff and local authorities during project
implementation. This is to ensure that: (a) the proposed project activities will be properly
screened through the ESMF; (b) environmental codes of practices are included in the bidding
documents and contracts and supervision and monitoring of the contractor performance is
conducted by the supervision consultant; and (d) close consultation with local agencies and
communities is carried out throughout project planning and implementation. The project will
provide safeguard training to the implementing agencies and at least one training session at
the inception and one training/year during the following years. About US$ 200,000 will be
allocated for safeguard capacity training. Below are the proposed trainings to be conducted
prior and during project implementation.
Training on Environmental and Social Assessment, Appraisal and Management.
Stakeholders would require capacity building inputs to help them understand the
environmental and social risks attached to different investments and the
appropriate environmental and socials mitigating measures that can be taken to
minimize impacts on the target-community and neighboring areas. In addition,
they would require training to equip them with skills they can use to appraise sub-
projects on key environmental and social criteria and ensure that they are
environmentally and socially sound based on the EPC, ECOP and RP that
encourages in preparing strong monitoring and management plans.
Training on consultations and surveys is important so that all understand the
importance in the processes linked to community participation, community
mobilization, census surveys, baseline surveys, etc. Training on consultation
MPI/CPO
PPMU
Subproject Owner
(DPMU/CDB)
Contractor’s Activities
Safeguards Supervision
Consultants
CSC and/or
Site Engineers
Local Authority
and Community
Support and monitoring line: Reporting line:
27
processes for specific subprojects and exposure to various participatory methods of
consultation can be imparted by consultants. The training should concentrate on
increasing participation and transparency in project planning and implementation.
Training on Safeguard Policy, Resettlement and Rehabilitation. Another very
essential requirement is addressing environmental and social safeguard issues
during project implementation. Stakeholders, particularly those managing
implementation at the provincial level, need to build capacity in this regard. This
could include information on related laws and legislations, National and World
Bank safeguard policies, methods of implementation, valuation of assets,
grievance redressal, preparation and implementation of simple EPC, ECOP, and
RP that may be required during project planning and implementation.
Training and Capacity Building for Gender Awareness and Participation.
Capacity building activities will be provided for relevant stakeholders to increase
gender awareness and support gender mainstreaming in project activities.
Trainings to support women members of village development committees (VDCs)
would be provided. Also, some meetings and activities would be gender
segregated to encourage participation of all groups in project activities and
increase the participation of women in village decision-making.
6.3 Communication Program
The Communication Program will be implemented by PPMUs in project provinces with the
aim of propagating and disseminating information to the local communities throughout
project implementation. Information includes subproject type, the scale of subproject,
subproject location, implementation schedule, contractors, and hotlines and those who are
responsible for receiving and dealing with environmental and social issues. The
communication program is expected including provision for HIV/AIDS awareness campaign.
The main methods of media are public consultation/meeting, radio broadcasting of
commune/district, television, and especial leaflets in Vietnamese language can be applied to
remote areas where there is no radio and/or television. About US$ 100,000 will be allocated
for the communication program.
6.4. Consultation and Disclosure
The preparation of the EPC and RP will include on-site consultations with local stakeholders
for each proposed sub-project. The RP will be sent to the Bank for review and clearance. The
EPC will be sent to DPC for review and clearance. Upon clearance, the subproject owner will
disclose the cleared documents of EPC and RP in local language at subproject sites accessible
to local stakeholders, especially locally-affected people.
6.5 Monitoring and Supervision Plan
Oversight for the environmental and social management process of the sub-projects will be
assured by the supervision consultants in collaboration with the Safeguards Staff of CPO and
PPMUs. The environmental and social monitoring and supervision program for the
implementation of the subproject will serve as an integral part of the operational activities of
CPO and PPMUs and is expected to generate the requisite information for environmental
management and environmental information dissemination.
It is anticipated that monitoring will be conducted during all phases of the subproject: design,
construction, operation and maintenance. This plan will play a pivotal role in ensuring that the
28
trends for specific parameters are tracked and it will provide information on compliance with
WB policy requirements and national laws. It will also form the basis for corrective actions
and modification of activities if necessary.
a. Monitoring objectives
The aim of the monitoring is to establish appropriate criteria to verify the predicted impact of
the subproject, and to ensure that any unforeseen impacts are detected and the mitigation
adjusted where needed at an early stage. Relevant records will be kept to ensure compliance
with recommended environmental procedures. The plan will ensure that mitigating measures
are implemented during construction and operation.
Specific objectives of the monitoring plan are to:
check the effectiveness of recommended mitigation measures;
demonstrate that sub-project activities are carried out in accordance with the prescribed
mitigation measures and existing regulatory procedures; and
provide early warning signals whenever an impact indicator approaches a critical level.
Impact indicators are defined in terms of carrying capacity, threshold levels, and regulatory
standards. Implementation of the EPC and ECOP will allow the CPO and PPMU to manage
the timing, location and level of impacts and potentially provide the cause and effect of the
data for validation of various predictive models of action/impact relationships.
b. Monitoring Requirements
A monitoring plan requires a number of components to ensure effective results. These
include:
Relevant baseline data against which to monitor subproject results;
Verifiably objective indicators for each subproject for which monitoring will be
conducted;
An independent body responsible for monitoring;
Capacity for monitoring;
Monitoring on a regular basis;
An effective monitoring reporting mechanism including feedback and commitment to
action on monitoring results and recommendations.
c. Monitoring Procedure
The CPO Safeguards Staff in collaboration with Safeguards Consultants will prepare a long
term monitoring strategy that will encompass clear and definitive parameters to be monitored
for each sub-project. The monitoring plan will take into consideration the scope of
development, the environmental and social sensitivity and the financial and technical means
available for monitoring. The plan will identify and describe the indicators to be used, the
frequency of monitoring and the standard (baseline) against which the indicators will be
measured for compliance with the EPC, ECOP and RP
d. Reporting Mechanism
Subproject owner will report to PPMU with input in the appropriate section. The objective of
the report is to feedback on activities and observation from sub-projects implemented over the
review period in the district. In turn, the PPMU will consolidate the reports of subproject
owner and report to CPO
Safeguards Supervision Consultants (SSCs) will report directly to CPO on safeguards
compliance in the project provinces.
29
The CPO must consolidate the information from PPMUs, Safeguards Supervision
Consultants, Contractors, and Communes. To achieve this task, the CPO needs to develop a
systematic and simple format for reporting safeguards activities for supervisory mission
reports, semi-annual reports, annual reports, and completion reports.
Annex 6 presents proposed templates to monitoring and reporting the project implementation:
Template on CSC safeguards reporting
Template on DPMU safeguards reporting
Template on PPMU safeguards reporting
Template on CPO safeguards reporting
6.6 Cost Estimates for Safeguards Implementation
The following table provides cost estimates for project safeguards implementation.
Table 3: Cost Estimates for Safeguards Implementation
Item Budget (estimate) Responsibility
Mitigation
measures
Included in
construction cost
Contractor
Capacity
Strengthening
US$200,000 CPO/PPMU
Communication
program
US$100,000 CPO/PPMU
Monitoring US$500,000 CPO/PPMU
30
CHAPTER 7 - PUBLIC CONSULATION AND INFORMATION DISCOLOSURE
Intensive consultations to provincial authorities such as DARD, DONRE, DPI, community
representatives were conducted as part of the parent project formation and design process.
Consultation with key stakeholders has been conducted for updating the original ESMF
during planning process to (i) present the project AF information, updated environmental and
social impacts and proposed mitigation measures and (ii) gather comments and suggestions
from key stakeholders and take into account their views into ESMF process.
For meaningful consultation with stakeholders, project documents including draft revised
ESMF was sent to them prior to consultation to ensure that they have sufficient time to review
and will provide their views during consultation.
During the implementation of the project, further consultation with local stakeholders,
especially locally-affected peoples shall be carried out for the identification of specific
activities.
In accordance with the World Bank policy on Access to Information, all draft safeguards
documents including revised ESMF and RPF have been disclosed locally in Vietnamese
language and in the Bank’s InfoShop in English prior to project appraisal. During project
implementation, all ECOPs, EPCs and RPs will be locally disclosed in commune offices.
31
REFERENCES
1. Environmental and Social Management Framework for NMPRP-2
2. Environmental and Social Management Framework for Central Highlands Poverty
Reduction Project in Vietnam
3. Environmental and Social Management Framework for Mekong Integrated Water
Resources Management Project Phase 3 (Cambodia)
4. Feasibility Study Report for NMPRP-2 AF
5. Paper on “Introduction of some alien species banned in Vietnam”. Department of
Biodiversity Conservation, Vietnam Environment Administration, 2011
6. Books of Socio-economic Statistical Data of Dien Bien, Son La, Lai Chau, Hoa Binh,
Lao Cai and Yen Bai provinces
7. The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to
Classification 2009
32
ANNEX 1: TEMPLATE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT CHECKLIST
Questions Yes No Remarks
A. Location Subproject
Is the subproject area adjacent to or within any
of the following environmentally sensitive
areas?
Cultural heritage site
Protected Area
Wetland
Mangrove
Estuarine
Buffer zone of protected area
Special area for protecting biodiversity
Areas with potential risk of UXO
B. Potential Environmental Impacts
Will the subproject cause…
noise from construction equipment?
dust during construction?
poor sanitation and solid wastes disposal in
construction camps and work sites and
possible transmission of communicable
diseases from workers to local populations?
creation of temporary breeding habitats for
diseases such as those transmitted by
mosquitoes and rodents?
accident risks associated with increased
vehicular traffic, leading to accidental spills
of toxic materials?
increase in soil erosion and siltation?
increase in peak and flood flows?
loss of downstream beneficial uses (water
supply or fisheries)?
impairment of ecological and recreational
opportunities?
impairment of beneficial uses of traditional
forests?
any loss of precious ecology?
33
Questions Yes No Remarks
possible conflicts with established
management policies?
involuntary resettlement of people?
loss of downstream ecological and economic
functions due to any construction of social
infrastructure (e.g., road, training or
information center, office or housing)?
displacement of people or reduce their access
to forest resources?
impacts on the poor, women and children,
Indigenous Peoples or other vulnerable
groups?
uncontrolled in-migration, including the
influx of workers and their followers, with
opening of roads to forest area and
overloading of social infrastructure?
unnecessary loss of ecological value and
decreased biodiversity by replacement of
natural forest with plantation with limited
number of species?
technology or land use modification that may
change present social and economic
activities?
ecological problems as well as community
health and safety hazards due to land
clearance prior to reforestation (e.g., soil
erosion, disruption of hydrological cycle, loss
of nutrients, decline in soil fertility)?
other ecological problems as well as
community health and safety hazards (e.g.,
pollution of water bodies from fertilizers,
pesticides, and herbicides used in the
plantation)?
dangers to a safe and healthy working
environment due to physical, chemical and
biological hazards during project construction
and operation?
social problems and conflicts related to land
tenure and resource use rights?
social conflicts if workers from other regions
or countries are hired?
34
Questions Yes No Remarks
risks to community health and safety due to
the transport, storage and/or disposal of
materials such as explosives, fuel, pesticide
and other chemicals during construction and
operation?
C. Climate Change and Disaster Risk
Questions
Is the subproject area subject to hazards such
as earthquakes, floods, landslides, tropical
cyclone winds, storm surges, tsunami or
volcanic eruptions and climate changes
Could changes in precipitation, temperature,
salinity, or extreme events over the Project
lifespan affect its sustainability or cost?
Are there any demographic or socio-economic
aspects of the subproject area that are already
vulnerable (e.g. high incidence of
marginalized populations, rural-urban
migrants, illegal settlements, ethnic
minorities, women or children)?
Could the subproject potentially increase the
climate or disaster vulnerability of the
surrounding area (e.g., increasing traffic or
housing in areas that will be more prone to
flooding, by encouraging settlement in
earthquake zones)?
Explanation: Part A: Is to support the screening process, as follow:
At least one question answered as “Yes”, then the project is not eligible for NMPRP-2 AF
All questions answered as “No”, then the sub-project is eligible for NMPRP-2 AF
All questions answered as “None” but at least one answered as ¨unknown¨, further
investigation is required until the question can be answered as “Yes” or “None”.
If the project is not eligible, it is not necessary to answer Part B and Part C.
Part B:
The listed questions help to identify potential impacts on the environmental impacts.
Part C:
The listed questions help to identify the project in relation to possible climatic changes.
35
ANNEX 2. LIST OF BANNED PESTICIDES IN VIETNAM 4
No. Code COMMON NAMES and TRADE NAMES
Pesticides and Forest Products Preservatives
1 2903.59.00
3808
Aldrin ( Aldrex, Aldrite ...)
2 2903.51.00
3808
BHC, Lindane (Beta - BHC, Gamma - HCH, Gamatox 15 EC, 20 EC,
Lindafor , Carbadan 4/4 G; Sevidol 4/4 G ... )
3 25
26
28
29
3206.30
3808
3824
Cadmium compound (Cd)
4 2903.59.00
3808
3824.90
Chlordane (Chlorotox, Octachlor, Pentichlor...)
5 2903.62.00
2909.30.00
2935.00.00
3204.17
3204.20.00
3405.20.00
3808
DDT (Neocid, Pentachlorin , Chlorophenothane...)
6 2910.90.00
3808
Dieldrin (Dieldrex, Dieldrite, Octalox ...)
7 2920.90.90
3808
Endosulfan (Cyclodan 35EC, Endosol 35EC, Tigiodan 35ND, Thasodant
35EC, Thiodol 35ND… )
8 2910.90.00
3808
Endrin (Hexadrin... )
9 2903.59.00
3808
Heptachlor (Drimex, Heptamul, Heptox...)
10 3808 Isobenzen
4 The list is attached to Circular 21/2013/TT-BNNPTNT dated 17 April 2013 issued by Ministry of Agriculture
and Rural Development (MARD) on the list of pesticides to be used, limited and banned and the additional plant
varieties to be produced and traded in Vietnam.
36
No. Code COMMON NAMES and TRADE NAMES
3824.90
11 3808
3824.90
Isodrin
12 25
26
28
29
3201.90
3204.17
3206.49
3806.20
3808
3824
Lead compound (Pb)
13 2930.90.00
3808
Methamidophos: ( Dynamite 50 SC, Filitox 70 SC, Master 50 EC, 70 SC,
Monitor 50EC, 60SC, Isometha 50 DD, 60 DD, Isosuper 70 DD,
Tamaron 50 EC...)
14 2920.10.00
3808
Methyl Parathion ( Danacap M 25, M 40; Folidol - M 50 EC; Isomethyl
50 ND; Metaphos 40 EC, 50EC; (Methyl Parathion) 20 EC, 40 EC, 50
EC; Milion 50 EC; Proteon 50 EC; Romethyl 50ND; Wofatox 50 EC ...)
15 2924.19.10
3808
Monocrotophos: (Apadrin 50SL, Magic 50SL, Nuvacron 40 SCW/DD,
50 SCW/DD, Thunder 515DD...)
16 2920.10.00
3808
Parathion Ethyl (Alkexon , Orthophos , Thiopphos ... )
17 3808 Sodium Pentachlorophenate monohydrate (Copas NAP 90 G, PMD 4 90
bột, PBB 100 bột)
18 2908.10.00
3808
Pentachlorophenol ( CMM 7 dầu lỏng)
19 2924.19.90
3808
Phosphamidon (Dimecron 50 SCW/ DD...)
20 3808 Polychlorocamphene (Toxaphene, Camphechlor, Strobane...)
21 2925.20.90
3808
Chlordimeform
Fungicides
1 25
26
28
2931.00.90
Arsenic compound (As)
37
No. Code COMMON NAMES and TRADE NAMES
3808
2 2930.90.00
3808
Captan (Captane 75 WP, Merpan 75 WP...)
3 2930.90.00
3808
Captafol (Difolatal 80 WP, Folcid 80 WP... )
4 2903.62.00
3808
Hexachlorobenzene (Anticaric, HCB,... )
5 26
28
29
3201.90
3502.90
3808
3815.90
3824.90
Mercury compound (Hg)
6 2804.90
2811.19
2811.29
2812.10
2812.90
2813.90
2842.90
2844.40
2930.20
2931.00
2931.20
3808
3824.90
Selenium compound (Se)
Rodenticides
1 3808
3824.90
Talium compound (Tl)
Herbicides
1 2918.90.00
3808
2.4.5 T (Brochtox , Decamine , Veon ... )
38
ANNEX 3: EXCLUSION LIST FOR COMPONENT 1
– DISTRICT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENTS
Sub-projects that fall within this exclusion list would not be financed by the NMPRP-2 AF:
1. Represent predominantly private/economic goods that would result in establishment or
rehabilitation of private assets;
2. Would benefit few households;
3. Would result in the rehabilitation or construction of religious facilities;
4. Would have no direct benefits to ordinary citizens, such as rehabilitation of the local
government offices
5. Would only do routine maintenance or pay recurrent costs and have no lasting public
benefit such as repainting or decorating school classrooms
6. Would involve employing laborers for a short time to do an activity that has no lasting
employment effects or public benefits.
7. Would be financed by another project or receive financing from another source.
8. Would involve mining and large scale hydro power activities or investments.
9. Would involve construction investments of large scale that exceed the intra commune
level.
10. Would procure weapons, chainsaws, and explosives or ammunition
11. Would procure sawmills
12. Would procure pesticides, insecticides, asbestos, and other potentially dangerous
materials and equipments
13. Would procure fishing boats and other related equipment
14. Would involve road construction into protected areas
15. Would use funds for purchase or compensation for land
16. Would finance recurrent government expenditures (e.g. salaries of government
officials)
17. Would construct or repair and buying for equipment of government offices and places
of religious worship
18. Would finance of political and religious activities, rallies and materials
19. Would pay salary for activities that employ children under 16 years
20. Would finance activities that unfairly exploit women or men at any age
21. Would procure repaired vehicles
22. Would involve production or trade in radioactive materials.
23. Would involve trade in wildlife or wildlife products
39
ANNEX 4. EXCLUSION LIST FOR COMPONENT 2
– COMMUNE DEVELOPMENT BUDGET
- Below are main types of subprojects which should not be covered by CDBC fund.
- In addition, all proposed subprojects which are already covered by other programs/projects
funded by GoV and/or donors in the same locality or harmful to ecological systems and social
equity are not eligible.
1. Village infrastructure improvements
1. Newly investment or upgrading of roads from district to commune.
2. Newly investment or improvement of rural markets in any types.
3. Newly investment or improvement of electricity station, any kind of electricity lines
connected to national electricity network.
4. Newly investment or upgrading of large-scale reservoirs, damps, water pump
station, drainage systems, any irrigation schemes, etc.
5. Newly investment or upgrading of commune office, gates/protection fence and any
other construction part to complete unfinished works of commune infrastructure.
6. Newly investment or upgrading of large-scale water supply schemes (gravity water
supply schemes, pumping water supply, etc.).
7. Any public infrastructure activities, which need to contract a professional
construction company.
8. Any investment activities which require land acquisition and/or local resident
resettlement.
9. Newly investment or upgrading of classrooms for schools from primary level
upward.
10. Purchase of classroom furniture for schools from primary level upward.
11. Purchase of teaching aids for schools from primary level upward.
12. Teacher training courses.
13. Newly investment or upgrading of commune health clinics.
14. Training courses for health staff (junior doctors, nurses, etc.).
15. Purchase of medical supply such as tools and medicine (except village veterinary
bags).
2. Production support and small enterprise activities
16. On-site research in agricultural models.
17. Exploitation of mineral mines available in the communes.
18. Forest commercial plantation (except plantation in catchment areas)
19. Purchase of vehicles and equipment for commune office.
20. Material subsidy for individual households to improve physical conditions (except
destitute households identified and agreed by village/women group meetings for
above mentioned eligible subprojects).
3. Welfare and social status for women
21. Purchase of equipment for commune Women Union.
22. Sub-projects that are selected in other sub-components of CDBC.
40
ANNEX 5. ENVIRONMENTAL CODES OF PRACTICE (ECOP)
1. ECOPs Applicable to most construction activities
Safeguard issue Mitigation measures to be taken
Loss of land or use
of land; acquisition
or removal of
assets (structures,
crops, trees)
Inform to the affected people how could be impacted, the scale
of the land, etc.
Consult with lease-holders and other stakeholders;
Consult with local authority and request resumption of land (as
per RPF);
Prepare and implement RP as per the RPF
Dust generation;
impacts on air
quality; nuisance
Spray water on exposed surfaces during dry periods;
If required, install dust screens when working adjacent to
residential areas/schools/clinics;
Ensure that vehicles carrying materials are either damped
down or are covered with tarpaulin or similar;
Cover stockpiles of aggregate materials to avoid dispersal
during windy days
Do not burn site clearance debris (trees, undergrowth) or
construction waste materials; and
Carry out monitoring as necessary to ensure that the air quality
meets QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT
Soil Erosion
Schedule construction during dry season;
contour and minimize length and steepness of slopes;
use mulch, grasses or compacted soil to stabilize exposed
areas;
cover with topsoil and re-vegetate (plant grass, fast-growing
plants/bushes/trees) construction areas quickly once work is
completed;
Design channels and ditches for post-construction flows and
line steep channels/slopes (e.g., with palm frowns, jute mats,
etc.)
Noise impacts on
communities/sensit
ive uses
(schools/clinics)
Ensure that vehicles transporting materials for works are well
maintained and equipped with mufflers;
Advise managers of sensitive uses (schools/clinics) of works in
the area and possibility of periods of unavoidable noise;
Carry out activities during the day and only during working
hours i.e. between 8am and 5pm;
Use noise-control methods (fences, barriers) or maintain a
buffer zone (open space, trees) between project site and
residential areas; and
Carry out monitoring as necessary to ensure that noise level
meets QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT
Removal of
significant or
shade trees
Work carefully in such areas; and
Avoid tree removal where possible
Aggregate/gravel/s
and extraction
Use already identified/approved quarries or
aggregate/gravel/sand sources;
Refill borrow pits to avoid standing water and disease
vectors (mosquitoes, etc.); and
Prohibit illegal extraction of construction materials
Inappropriate Re-use spoil/cut wherever possible in other road repair
41
Safeguard issue Mitigation measures to be taken
spoil/waste
disposal
activities;
Waste and spoil stockpiles to be stored at least 100m from
waterways;
Protect excavated spoil and waste from erosion by covering
and providing interception drains if left overnight;
Use secure area for refueling and transfer of other toxic
fluids distant from settlement area and ideally on hard/non-
porous surface;
Rubbish stored in neat/tidy piles awaiting collection;
No burning or burying of rubbish; and
Disposal of rubbish/waste only in approved dump sites or
designated areas
Pollution of water
sources;
degradation of
water quality in
streams and rivers
Material stockpiles to be stored at least 100m from a
waterway;
No soiled materials, solid wastes, toxic or hazardous
materials should be poured or thrown into water bodies for
dilution or disposal;
Vehicles not to drive in stream or river beds and will not be
parked adjacent to waterways while delivering materials;
Accidental spills to be cleaned up immediately; and
Run-off from site or activities to be directed to temporary
settling basin/sediment trap
Comply with Circular No.12/2011/TT-BTNMT dated
Apr.14, 2011 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and
Environment stipulating hazardous wastes management
Traffic problem
Inform local people about construction plan;
Neatly organize construction materials to avoid disturbance
of traffic;
Design and construct temporary routes to keep normal traffic
as necessary;
Properly use trucks on local roads; and
Comply with traffic safety regulations
Health and Safety
Train and inform workers about safety rules;
Provide safety tools for workers throughout construction
period;
Provide for basic first-aid kit at each site and identify from
where and how qualified first-aid can be secured;
Make a sign and fence at dangerous places;
Prohibit unauthorized persons entering construction sites;
Ensure that technical design covers safety measures;
In case of use of inflammable and explosive materials,
strictly comply with instructions of manufacturer;
Provide adequate signboards at construction site;
Ensure the light at night at construction site; and
Comply with Circular 19/2011/TT-BYT on guidelines on
management of labor sanitation, worker health and
occupational disease
Environmental
hygiene and
ponding issues
Provide workers with (a) clean water meeting QCVN
01:2009/BYT, (b) mobile toilets, and (c) garbage bins;
Avoid ponding at construction sites as mosquito habitats;
42
Safeguard issue Mitigation measures to be taken
Avoid blocking water flows by designing appropriate
culverts; and
Apply environmentally sound measures to control
mosquitoes, rats, flies and other pests
Chance finds of
Physical Cultural
Resources
Subproject investment owner and contractor must
temporarily stop construction activities and inform
Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism in a timely
manner
When receiving the information, this agency must have
measures to tackle in a timely manner to meet construction
progress. In the case that suspending construction is
necessary to preserve the status quo of resource, this agency
must inform higher responsible agency for making decision.
In the event that probe and excavation are essential, the
budget for this activity is decided by the Government (article
37 of law on cultural heritage No.28/2001/QH10)
Unexploded
ordnance (UXO)
If UXO was found during construction, contractor must stop
construction, protect this dangerous site and inform the
investment owner (commune or district) immediately;
Investment owner to inform nearest office of the Vietnamese
Army;
The relevant office of the Army to apply special
measures/techniques to probe, control and remove UXO in a
timely manner to meet construction progress; and
Construction to be continued only when relevant office of the
Army declares the site to be safe
2. Specific ECOP for small-scale agricultural livelihoods
Environmental issues Mitigation measures to be taken
Appearance of new plant
and animal species;
changes in land use; soil
erosion and degradation
Prohibit introduction of alien species that are not
certified by a responsible agency (i.e. MARD or
DARD);
Refer to the list of banned alien species issued by
Vietnam Environment Administration (VEA);
Prohibit shifting forest land into agricultural land;
Increase vegetative coverage and limit clearance; and
Apply appropriate soil preparation and irrigation
methods to save water and avoid soil compaction
Use of chemical pesticides
and fertilizers that leads to
soil and water pollution
and human health problem
Training the farmers in pest management use and raise
awareness of farmers about risk associated with use of
chemical pesticides and fertilizers, and sustainable use
of pesticides and fertilizers, by provincial DARD and
District Agriculture Unit;
Training the farmers to develop and implement an
integrated pest management.
Encourage application of more organic fertilizers to
reduce reliance upon chemical fertilizers;
Use natural enemies to control pest and crops tolerant
of pests to reduce application of pesticides;
43
Environmental issues Mitigation measures to be taken
Provide farmers with the list of pesticides stores
certified by the responsible agency (i.e. DARD) and
guidance on proper storage of pesticides and
fertilizers;
Prohibit use of pesticides banned by MARD (see
Annex 2) and/or World Health
Organization's Recommended Classification of
Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classification
2009; and
Comply with Article 75 of the Law on Plants
Quarantine and Protection on collecting and treating
pesticides containers
Agricultural wastes
including organic
residuals, animal wastes,
and pesticide containers
Do not dispose wastes on the surroundings
Treat organic residuals and animal wastes to produce
manure
Collect pesticide containers and dispose of at
authorized dump sites and to be further treated by an
environmental agency.
44
ANNEX 6. TEMPLATE ON MONITORING AND REPORTING
The Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) will daily supervise contractor’s compliance
of EPC and ECOPs and report to DPMU on monthly basis during construction.
Each participating DPMU will prepare monthly monitoring reports and submit the reports to
PPMU. PPMU will consolidate monitoring reports submitted by DPMU and prepare three-
month monitoring reports for submission to CPO. The template of these monitoring reports is
given below.
45
TEMPLATE ON CSC SAFEGUARDS REPORTING
Environment, Health and Safety Monitoring Sheet (will be done by CSC – submit to DPMU Safeguards staff on monthly basis)
No. ………… month …………. year……………
1. Subproject name: .......................................................................................................
2. CSC information:
Name: ………………………………………………………
Firm: ………………………………………
Mobile: .....................................................................................................................................................................
3. Contractor: …………………………………………………………………………………………
4. The condition of construction area:
Duration: From .................. to.................
Describe the condition of construction area before commencement:
Construction condition:
Environmental issue Mitigation measure Access the
compliance level
of the Contractor
(in 1 month)
1 2 3 4
1. Air pollution, dust - Material transportation under designated volume of the
vehicle with cover
- Watering transportation road and construction area
- Moisturizing material before transport (watering)
- Material covering (sand, gravel, iron...)
2. Air pollution,
exhaust gases and
vibration
- Legal machine registration at site
- Suitable construction time, avoid resting time
- Locate breaker, concrete mixing machine downwind
3. Surface and
underground water
pollution
- Clean construction site after complete construction work
- Construct runoff and rain water collection ditches
- Collect leaking oil and residual
- Collect and treat domestic wastewater of the workers
- Locate trash bin, toilet system for workers
5. Soil pollution - Construction materials, oil and grease, chemical agents are
stored in closed and impervious area.
- Leveling material exploitation area after construction complete
- Remove hardened soil due to concrete casting
6. Forest and
vegetation cover
clearance
- Forest exploitation under permission.
- Vegetation cover clearance at the construction area and
stockpile under permission
7. Interrupted
irrigation, difficult
transportation
- Inform construction schedule in advance for local authorities
and local people.
- Apply successive construction method.
8. Worker’s health - Equip protection gears for workers (helmet, safety boots,
protection clothes, mask, gloves...)
- Equip medical cabinet, supply medicine at the construction site
- Arrange hygiene camps for worker
- Provide drinking water and domestic water for worker
9. Conflict between
worker and local
people, increase social
evils
- Register temporary stay for worker from outside.
- Advocate social evils prevention for worker.
- Ensure security for construction site and worker camps
10. Block road, make
difficult for local
transportation. Road
and work safety
- Handling and storage construction materials properly
- Ensure the quality of the construction road
- Equip protection gears for workers and ensure that they will
use them properly while working.
46
- Training and implement work safety at site
Evaluation scale: 1- Not apply; 2- Rare; 3 - Satisfactory; 4-Well done
(Leave it blank in case there is no impact or not applicable in the subproject)
Summary:
- Health and Environmental problems, Environmental incident:
- Identify reason:
- Some recommendations:
Submitted date:
Signature
Contractor CSC
47
TEMPLATE ON DPMU SAFEGUARDS REPORTING
GUIDANCE ON DPMU SAFEGUARDS REPORTING
District name:
Subproject name
Impact-Mitigation measures Subproject 1 Subproject 2 Subproject 3 Subproject 4 Subproject 5 Subproject 6
Transportation vehicles or construction
activities caused dust increasing in the
surrounding area
Transportation vehicles or construction
activities caused noise increasing
Construction activities caused pollution
(river, stream, lake…)
Vegetation cover has been cleared due to
construction activities
Construction activities impact on local
transportation
Project solid waste and waste water impact
on local environment
Construction activities impact on worker’s
health
Work accident
Contractor has informed local authorities
and local people on construction schedule
Contractor has applied dust and noise
mitigation measures
Contractor has equipped fully protection
gears for worker
Contractor has applied solid waste and
wastewater management
Other issues if any
Main issues:
48
TEMPLATE ON PPMU SAFEGUARDS REPORTING
Reporting period_______________
District 1 District 2 District 3 District Comment
I. EPCs, CKBVMT
Has received EPC registered paper
Has received EPC (copied version)
II. MAIN ISSUES
Rural road
Irrigation scheme/Water supply
Other subproject types
49
TEMPLATE ON CPO SAFEGUARDS REPORTING
CPO SAFEGUARDS REPORT Reporting Period: _________________
Hoa Binh Lao Cai Son La Yen Bai Dien Bien Lai Chau
I. SAFEGUARDS REPORT
Report on the emerging
environmental issues
Environmental monitoring report
of PPMU
II. CAPACITY BUILDING
CPO Safeguards Officer Signature:
