48% 1980 2011 of the fatalities. 2.3 million people killed by disasters $380 BILLION COSTLIEST YEAR ON RECORD 1980 2011 2 1 GDP. 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 bn US$ $3.5 TRILLION IN ECONOMIC LOSSES FACT Every day, the growth of urban populations drives exposure to natural hazards ever higher. Unplanned urban expansion, coupled with poor resource management, destroys natural ecosystems, such as mangroves, wetlands, and forests, that have protected communities for generations. Climate change is exacerbating the danger. Today’s once-in-20-years extreme temperatures are expected to occur annually by the century’s end, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It is the poor and vulnerable – women, children, the elderly, marginalized groups, and those recovering from conflict – who often are most exposed to the dangers. When disasters strike, their homes in fragile and often low-lying environments often take the brunt of the storms, and their lives feel the greatest pressure when droughts send food prices soaring. The damage exacerbates existing social and economic inequity, which can further marginalize people and stoke civil unrest and conflict. Low-income countries ACCOUNT FOR only of the world’s disasters, but 9% The Impact of Disasters is Increasing HAITI earthquake 2010 hurricane 2005 United States Horn of Africa drought 08-10 13.3 MILLION facing food shortages JAPAN earthquake & tsunami 2011 FLOOD Pakistan 2010 FLOOD Thailand 2011 FLOOD Mozambique 2000 tsunami Indonesia 2005 earthquake & tsunami 2010 120% 230,000 Dead $7.8 Billion $125 billion GDP CHILE 1,833 Dead 1.0% GDP 800 Dead 10% GDP 562 Dead 14% GDP 1,985 Dead 5.8% GDP 813 Dead 13% GDP 165,000 Dead 1% GDP 20,000 Dead 4% GDP $45 Billion $0.4 billion $30 billion $4.5 billion $210 billion $10.1 billion russia Forest Fire 2010 53 Dead 0.1% GDP $1.8 billion In low-income and small island states, the impact of natural disasters can exceed an equivalent of but they impact the poor and vulnerable the most. Disasters affect everyone
Transcript
48%
1980 2011
of thefatalities.
2.3 million people killed by disasters
$380BILLION
COSTLIEST YEARON RECORD
1980 2011
21 GDP.
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
bn US$
$3.5 TRILLIONIN ECONOMIC LOSSES
FACT
Every day, the growth of urban populations drives exposure to natural hazards ever higher. Unplanned urban expansion, coupled with poor resource management, destroys natural ecosystems, such as mangroves, wetlands, and forests, that have protected communities for generations.
Climate change is exacerbating the danger. Today’s once-in-20-years extreme temperatures are expected to occur annually by the century’s end, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
It is the poor and vulnerable – women, children, the elderly, marginalized groups, and those recovering from con�ict – who often are most exposed to the dangers. When disasters strike, their homes in fragile and often low-lying environments often take the brunt of the storms, and their lives feel the greatest pressure when droughts send food prices soaring. The damage exacerbates existing social and economic inequity, which can further marginalize people and stoke civil unrest and con�ict.
Low-income countriesACCOUNT FOR only
of the world’s disasters, but9%
The Impact of Disastersis Increasing
HAITIearthquake 2010
hurricane
2005United States
Horn of Africadrought
08
-10
13.3MILLION
facing foodshortages
JAPANearthquake& tsunami
2011
FLOODPakistan
2010
FLOODThailand
2011
FLOODMozambique
200
0
tsunamiIndonesia
200
5
earthquake& tsunami
2010
120%230,000 Dead
$7.8Billion
$125billion
GDP
CHILE
1,833 Dead1.0% GDP
800 Dead10% GDP
562 Dead14% GDP
1,985 Dead5.8% GDP
813 Dead13% GDP
165,000 Dead1% GDP
20,000 Dead4% GDP
$45Billion
$0.4billion
$30billion
$4.5billion
$210billion
$10.1billion
russiaForest Fire
2010
53 Dead0.1% GDP $1.8
billion
In low-income and small island states, the impact of natural disasters can exceed an equivalent of
but they impact the poor and vulnerable the most.
Disastersaffect everyone
43
No country can fully insulate itself from disaster risk, but every country can reduce its vulnerability. Success depends heavily on how well cities are managed. City planners play important roles through risk-based territorial planning, enforcement of building codes, early warning systems, and emergency response plans. Governments and donors can help cities build this capacity and the knowledge for managing risks.
Anticipating the hazards and assessing the vulnerabilities of populations and infrastructure is at the core of disaster risk management. Disaster prevention, climate change adaptation, and the importance of inclusive green growth are becoming ever more intertwined. By understanding the risks, leaders and individuals can make informed decisions and set priorities for development.
1/2of the world’s population lives in cities.
1.5 BILLION.
By
2050,THE URBAN POPULATION EXPOSED TO STORMS AND EARTHQUAKES ALONE COULD MORE THAN DOUBLE TO
Disaster RiskManagementis a combination of
Risk Identification
Risk Reduction
Preparedness
Financial Protection
Resilient Reconstruction
Risk assessments (community-based, probabilistic modeling); risk mapping; information campaigns; public outreach; etc.
Structural and non-structural measures; land use planning; policies and regulation; infrastructure retro�tting; etc.
Civil protection systems; pre-positioning emergency response equipment; early warning systems; contingency planning; etc.
Assessing and reducing contingent liabilities; budget appropriation and execution; ex-ante and ex-post �nancing instruments; etc.
Resilient recovery and reconstruction policies; ex-ante design of institutional response mechanisms; etc.
INS
TITUTIO
NA
L, PO
LITICA
L, NO
RM
ATIV
E, FIN
AN
CIA
L CO
NTE
XT
Mainstreaming disaster risk management in development planning can reverse the current trend of rising disaster impact.
The cumulative economic impact of low-intensity, high-frequency events is often greater than the total impact of high-impact, low-frequency events.
OF THE 22,200 EXTREME EVENTS RECORDED BETWEEN 1980 AND 2011, 17,400 WERE CAUSED BY WEATHER EXTREMES.
ACCOUNT FOR US $2.6 TRILLION OF THE US $3.5 TRILLION ECONOMIC LOSSES RECORDED BETWEEN 1980 AND 2011.
US $2.6 trillion
weather related
US $3.5 trillion
78.4%
Understanding Risk is Essential
Weather-relateddisasters
FACT
65
Too often, international �nancing has been dominated by disaster response after the damage is done rather than prevention and preparedness. Between 1980 and 2009, US$ 91.2 billion in international aid went to disaster-related activities; just US $3.3 billion of that was for prevention and preparedness. The rest included US $63.7 billion for emergency response, US $22.6 billion for reconstruction and rehabilitation, and US $1.5 billion for a combination of purposes.
How donors channel aid matters. Financing dedicated to mainstreaming disaster risk management can enhance overall development effectiveness and help prevent humanitarian assistance growing year on year at a time when donor �nancing is stretched. Development assistance, both technical and �nancial, can supply seed funding for national programs, grant technical support to key risk-related areas, and give momentum to comprehensive risk management.
Natural hazards need not turn into disasters. By investing in disaster risk management rather than merely responding to disasters, we can save lives, property, and the expense of rebuilding.
3.6%Disaster Preventionand Preparedness
69.9%Emergency Response
24.8%Reconstructionand rehabilitation
RE
SILIE
NC
E
2015
Millennium Development Goals
Hyogo Framework for Action
Sustainable Development Goals
International Climate Change Negotiations
Action Must Go
Beyond Response
was allocated to disaster-related activities. Of this, the smallest share went to disaster prevention.
We need a
CULTURE OF PREVENTION
The Hyogo Framework for Action brings 168 international stakeholders together to reduce disaster risk. Japan will host the World Conference on Disaster Reduction in 2015.
2015 presents an opportunity to make disaster risk management a development priority: The Millennium Development Goals and the Hyogo Framework for Action reach their target dates that year, a new climate change treaty is anticipated, and the Sustainable Development Goals proposed at Rio+20 are due by 2015.
Between1980 and 2009ABOUT 2% OF TOTAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
2%
International Disaster Financing
FACT
US $91.2 billion
MANAGINGDISASTERRISKS
THE WORLD BANK
for a Resilient Future
The Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) is a multi-donor partnership and �nancing mechanism to mainstream disaster and climate risk management into development strategies and planning. Housed within the World Bank, GFDRR also acts as Bank's focal point for strategic oversight, partnership building, and business development in disaster risk management.
