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THE SEABORNE THE SEABORNE TRADETRADEPart 1Part 1

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1. GENERALITES1. GENERALITES

Analyse économique du transport maritime Analyse économique du transport maritime mondial commence par une étude des mondial commence par une étude des marchandises transportées par mermarchandises transportées par mer

Le transporteur délivre un serviceLe transporteur délivre un service

Le service délivré dépend du type de Le service délivré dépend du type de marchandise devant être transportéemarchandise devant être transportée

Les marchandises transportées = épine Les marchandises transportées = épine dorsale de la structure commerciale.dorsale de la structure commerciale.

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Seaborne trade (loading only) Seaborne trade (loading only) in million tonnesin million tonnes

200490

660

1110

2504

3704

4008

5983 60206127

6480

6758

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

1930 1937 1952 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

in million tonnes

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http://www.clarksons.com/Since its foundation in 1852 the Clarkson PLC Group ("Clarksons") has grown into one of the world’s largest shipping services groups, employing nearly 300 people including 200 in London. Through it's unrivalled and extensive global network of offices it is able to give it's clients unique access to shipbroking services across the full range of dry bulk, tanker and sale & purchase sectors. In recent years the group has expanded from it’s shipbroking origins into a fully integrated shipping services provider covering such activities as research and consultancy, shipping publications, the provision of shipping finance, ship valuations and ship owning activities.

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http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/rmt2005_en.pdfrmt2005_en.pdf

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Global maritime trade growth is likely to continue to grow Global maritime trade growth is likely to continue to grow during 2005during 2005 (Sources Fearnleys, review 2004).(Sources Fearnleys, review 2004).

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http://www.oecd.orghttp://www.oecd.org

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L’Organisation de coopération et de développement L’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE, en anglais OECD : économiques (OCDE, en anglais OECD : Organisation for Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentEconomic Co-operation and Development) est une ) est une organisationorganisation internationale internationale de de payspays développésdéveloppés, qui ont en commun un , qui ont en commun un système de gouvernement système de gouvernement démocratiquedémocratique et une économie de et une économie de marché. L'OCDE compte 30 pays membres et publie marché. L'OCDE compte 30 pays membres et publie régulièrement des études et des statistiques sur divers régulièrement des études et des statistiques sur divers indicateurs comme le PIB, population, inflation... Son siège est à indicateurs comme le PIB, population, inflation... Son siège est à Paris.Paris.

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http://www.fearnleys.comhttp://www.fearnleys.com

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+4.4%+4.5%

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The growth of maritime transportation is strongly correlated with the growth of international trade.

200490

660

1110

2504

3704

4008

5983 60206127

6480

6758

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

1930 1937 1952 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

in million tonnes

An estimated 90% of world trade in terms of volume is carried by sea, with bulk commodities representing the main volume.

Throughout the last century the shipping industry has seen a Throughout the last century the shipping industry has seen a general trend of increases in total trade volume. Increasing general trend of increases in total trade volume. Increasing industrialisation and the liberalisation of national economies have industrialisation and the liberalisation of national economies have fuelled free trade and a growing demand for consumer products. fuelled free trade and a growing demand for consumer products. Advances in technology have also made shipping an increasingly Advances in technology have also made shipping an increasingly efficient and swift method of transportation. efficient and swift method of transportation.

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The Institute Shipping Economics and Logistics (ISL) is one of the leading research and consulting institutes in Europe (established in Hamburg).

http://www.isl.org/http://www.isl.org/

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4 3 1 25

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3 2 1 45

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In March 2004, Clarkson Research had records of 26,280 deep sea merchant ships (bulk, specialised & liner), covering all ships down to around 2,000 gross tonnes.

Gross Tonnage: The capacity of the vessel calculated by approved formula. The gross tonnage is a figure representative of the volume of the enclosed space in cubic metres (1969 Tonnage Convention).

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Breakdowns of world cargo fleetBreakdowns of world cargo fleet

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In March 2004, Clarkson Research had records of 26,280 deep sea merchant ships (bulk, specialised & liner), covering all ships down to around 2,000 gross tonnes.

However, there is a far larger world fleet of self propelled sea-going merchant ships over 100 gross tons: approximately 90,000 vessels.

More than the half of this 90,000 total are non-cargocarrying vessels including 24,000 fishing boats, 3,000 offshore support vessels, 8,000 tugs, 800 research vessels, 1,100 dredgers and 2,650 other non-cargo vessels. The balance is made up of small ships trading generally on short sea, non international routes.

World Seaborne Trade - Part 1World Seaborne Trade - Part 1 2626Sources : http://www.ecsa.be/ar/Rapport%202004-2005.pdfSources : http://www.ecsa.be/ar/Rapport%202004-2005.pdf

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http://www.ecsa.be/ar/Rapport%202004-2005.pdf

World Seaborne Trade - Part 1World Seaborne Trade - Part 1 2828Sources : http://www.ecsa.be/ar/Rapport%202004-2005.pdfSources : http://www.ecsa.be/ar/Rapport%202004-2005.pdf

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0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000

Bulk/Oil Carrier

Gen Cargo/Passenger

Other Tanker

Cruise

Ro-Ro Other Cargo

Liquefied Gas Carrier

Reefer

Chemical Tanker

Specialised Carrier

Passenger

Ro-Ro Pasenger

Container (FC)

Gen Cargo Multi Deck

Bulk Carrier

Oil tanker

Gen Cargo Single deck

No of ships - reference date 1st April 2004 (100 GT and No of ships - reference date 1st April 2004 (100 GT and above)above)

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0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000

Passenger

Gen Cargo/ Passenger

Ro-Ro Passenger

Other Tanker

Cruise

Gen Cargo Single Deck

Reefer

Specialised Carrier

Gen Cargo Multi Deck

Chemical Carrier

Ro-Ro Other Cargo

Liquefied Gas Carrier

Container (FC)

Oil Tanker

Bulk Carrier

Bulk/ Oil Carrier

Average DWT / Ship's typeAVERAGE DWT / SHIP’S TYPE AVERAGE DWT / SHIP’S TYPE

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73.3 % 26.7 %

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Percentage shares of world tonnage by types of vessel

37%

10%6%11%

36%

General cargo ships TankersBulk carriers Container shipsOthers

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Shipping market segents by vessel typeShipping market segents by vessel type

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Shipping market segents by vessel typeShipping market segents by vessel type

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Newbuiding pricesNewbuiding prices

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Trends in surplus capacityTrends in surplus capacity

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Trends in surplus capacityTrends in surplus capacity

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LNGRV “Excelsior”

THE SEABORNE THE SEABORNE TRADETRADE

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