World War I – 1914 -1918

“Wilsonian” Foreign Policy

Progressives set out to “reform” the world.

“Like a troubled man angered by his own uncertainty, the

country aggressively demanded international conformity to democratic goals it now

believed might be slipping out of domestic reach.”

-Robert Dallek

“Old World” Tyrannyvs

“New World” Democracy

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Ismail_Enver.jpg

Neutrality:

Idealism or Naivete?

Why can’t we trade with everyone?

Is trade with the British and French a

good thing?

How do the Germans Respond?

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Lusitania_warning.jpg

“Sussex Pledge”

1916 Presidential Election

“He kept us out of war!”

U-boat blockading New York? Very inopportune!

After staying out so long, why are we getting in?

Zimmermann Telegram

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

American Expeditionary Force“Doughboys”

http://www.solarnavigator.net/world_war_two.htm

How did the War Affect the Home Front?

Campaign for National Unity

Progressivism gone bad?

Social control out of control?

Civil liberties threatened?

Treaty of Versailles

Lives Lost:

Russians – 3.3 millionGermans – 2.6 millionFrench – 1.9 million

Austro-Hungarians – 1.5 millionBritish 1.2 million

USA – 117,000

The Fourteen Points

1-8Recommendations for New

Boundaries in Europe

The Fourteen Points

9-13Open Diplomacy

Freedom of NavigationRemoval of Trade Barriers

Arms ReductionsSelf-Determination for

Colonies

The Fourteenth PointA League of Nations

What’s Wrong With The 14 points?

"God gave us the ten commandments and we

broke them. Now Mr. Wilson has given us the

Fourteen Points. We shall see."

--Georges Clemenceau

“There are twenty million Germans too

many!”

Reparations?

War Guilt?

Are Sovereignty and Collective Security

Compatible?

Wilson Takes His Case to the People

“If I am only half-efficient I should turn the office over to

the vice president. If it is going to take much time for me to

recover my health and strength, the country cannot

afford to wait for me.”

Harding and Coolidge“A Return to Normalcy”

Legacies of World War I

-- Disillusionment with Progressivism

-- War provides glimpse of 20th Century State