World War I Project
All work is to be HAND WRITTEN!!!!!!
The project is DUE, no later than Wednesday, April 3 (for BOTH A & B Day classes)
If you are in a B-Day class, you MUST put your project in your teacher’s mailbox or
hand directly to teacher on April 3
Use the resources: PDF, online, and Enduring Vision textbook
The Great War
1. What happened in the summer of 1914?
2. Identify the sides in World War I and list the nations on each side.
3. What was the initial US reaction? ___________________________________
6. Election of 1916
Democrats Republicans
Candidate
Platform
And the Winner is _________________________________________________.
7. Fill in the Timeline below.
1917
Jan April May The Rest
8. How did the Russian Revolution affect the US’s decision to enter the war?
4. Why was it difficult for the US to be Neutral?
Economic Ties
How did the Allies try to influence US trade?
To Allies: _______________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
________________________________________
How did the Central Powers try to influence US
Trade? To Central Powers: _____________ ______________________________ ________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
Psychological/Ethnic Ties
To Allies:
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
To Central Powers: ____________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
U- Boats
Define:
Lusitania:
Sussex:
5. Why were most Americans anti-German?
Propaganda, Public Opinion and Civil Liberties - It was very important during World War I to get the people of the United States firmly behind the
Allied war effort and against the Central Powers. The US government used several different techniques to ensure that their citizens stayed in line. 9. A. Use of Propaganda
B. Espionage Act of 1917 and Sedition Act of 1918
10. What was it like to be a woman during this era? A minority?
Mobilization & Finance -A good deal of work was necessary to make the US ready to go to war. The nation had to prepare economically and
build up its depleted and outdated military equipment supplies (when had the US last been involved in a major war?).
11. Problems for Preparation Solutions and Programs
Industry
Economy & Feeding
the Soldiers
Creating Soldiers
Fighting the War - The US was only involved in the actual fighting for a little over a year, but they arrived at a crucial point in the war.
12.What happened in 1918 that threatened the French forces?
13. What happened on November 11, 1918 at 11 am?
The Peace Process & the Fourteen Points
14. What were the fourteen points? When were they written?
15. List the specific points mentioned in your text:
16. Who were the “Big Four”?
17. What were the issues discussed at the Versailles Peace Conference?
18. What were the provisions of the Final Treaty?
Allied Powers Central Powers
19. When did Germany sign the Treaty of Versailles? How did they feel about the Treaty?
20. How did the US’s Refusal to join the League of Nations affect the course of history?
Name:__________________________________ Block:___________ Date:______________WorldWarI:PBS.org
WORLDWARI:PBSWebquestPartI
ImmediateCauseofWorldWarIMilitarism,Alliances,ImperialismandNationalismwereallunderlyingcausesforWorldWarItobeginbutonespecificincidentbroughtthosemanycausestoaclimax.ClickonthelinkbelowtoREADabouttheimmediatecauseofthewar.http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/chapters/ch1_explosion.html1. HowdidthedeathofArchdukeFranzFerdinandinstigate(urgeon)thecollapseofpeacein
Europe?Germany“wouldhaveParisforlunch,St.Petersburgfordinner.”~KaiserWilhelmIITheassumptionthattheEuropeanwarwouldendquicklywasfarfromcorrect.Clickonthelinkbelowtowatchtheanimationofthe“OutbreakofWar”inEurope.http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/maps/maps_outbreak.html(Playtheanimationonthemap)2. HowdidtheSchlieffenPlansupportKaiserWilhelm’sgoalsinthequoteabove?LifeintheTrenchesAftertheinitialinvasionofFrancebytheGermans,theAlliedtroopspushedtheGermantroopsbacktoastalemateposition.Neithersidewouldbackdown;sothey‘dugin.’Clickonthelinkbelowtoviewthechapter1–Trenchwarfare.(trytowatchthevideos–ifavailable)http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/chapters/ch1_trench.html3. Inthesection“OrganizationofTrenches,”whatwerethefourtypesoftrenchesusedbythe
Allies?4. Enlargethepicture–Diagramoftrenchsystem‐Whydoyouthinkthetrencheswereformedin
azig‐zagtypepattern?5. Describe“no‐man’sland.”
TotalWarBy1915,thewarhadbecomeaglobalwar.Clickonthelinkbelowandreadabouthowthewarhadbecomeglobal.http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/chapters/ch2_war.html6. Name3waysthatthewarhadbecomeaglobalwar–asopposedtosimplyagroundwar
foughtinEurope.SlaughterThebattlesontheWesternfrontareknownfortheirhugenumberoflossessustainedbytheAlliedtroops.Clickonthelinkbelowtoreadaboutthebattles.http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/chapters/ch2_slaughter.html7. HowmanysoldierswerelostattheBattleofSomme,Verdun&Ypres?
Name:__________________________________ Block:___________ Date:______________WorldWarI:PBS.org
WORLDWARI:PBSWebquestPartII
MutinyIn1917,afteryearsofcombat,trenchwarfareandthedisruptionofdailylivesinEuropeannations,manycountrieswantedtocontinuefightingtovictory.However,astimepassedandthenationsrejectedallpeaceinitiatives,peopleonbothsidesbegantoquestionthemanslaughterandviolence.Clickonthelinkbelowtoreadaboutthedisillusionmentanddisobedienceofsoldiersonthefrontlines.http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/chapters/ch3_mutiny.html8. Howdidmutinies(orrebellions)affecttheFrenchandRussianarmy?Readthesectionlabeled‐TheEndofHeroism–ontherightsideoftheMutinypage.9. Explainhowthesoldierslivinginthetrenches‘livedwiththedead.’CollapseDespitethesinkingoftheLusitaniainMay1915,PresidentWoodrowWilsonwasabletonegotiatetradewithbelligerentsofthewarwithoutprovokingGermany.ClickonthelinkbelowtoreadabouthowAmericagotinvolvedinWorldWarI.http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/historian/hist_kennedy_01_wilson.html10. WhatledtotheAmericaninvolvementintheGreatWar?By1918,5millionAmericansoldierswereinuniformandhelpingtheAlliedforcesendtheGreatWar.Clickonthelinktoreadabouthowthewarendedhttp://www.pbs.org/greatwar/chapters/ch3_collapse.html11. DescribewhateventsledtothecollapseoftheGermanarmy/navyandtheirwareffort.How
didtheKaiser’sabdication(givingup)ofthethroneaffectthewareffort?
Hatred&HungerOnthe11thdayofthe11thmonth,theAlliesandCentralPowersagreedtoanarmisticeorcease‐fire.Peopleallovertheglobeexperiencedfeelingsofnationalism,self‐determinationandtheopportunitiesofdemocracybutmanyknewthepeacewasnotlikelytolast.ClicktoreadaboutthepeaceagreementandtreatmentofGermanyfollowingthearmistice.http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/chapters/ch4_hatred.html12. Thoughthearmisticewasineffect,howdidtheAlliesstillwagewaronGermany?13. WhenWoodrowWilsonarrivedinParisin1918,whatwastheonethinghewantedfromthe
peacenegotiations?Lookatthephotographabove“Hatred&Hunger”14. WhoweretheBigFouratthepeaceconference?WarWithoutEndOncethewarended,manymilitarymenwereveryattachedtotheirexperiencesofwar.Theyhadexperiencedcamaraderielikeneverbefore.Clickonthelinkbelowtoreadabouthowpeoplewereaffectedbythewar.http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/chapters/ch4_war.html15. HowdidGermansfeeldifferentlythanotherEuropeansaboutthewar?LookatthemapofEurope1918‐1920.16. HowmanynewcountrieswerecreatedbytheTreatyofVersailles?Comparethismaptothe
mapofEuropein1914.http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/maps/index.html
Primary Source Analysis:
WWI Home Front
Directions- Analyze the primary sources that correspond with each group below. Describe the sources in detail
in the space provided. Finally, evaluate government actions from “World War I: Home Front” in order to
determine which government actions impacted each group. Identify is the impact was positive or negative and
EXPLAIN!
Group
Source Type
(Poster,
Letter…etc)
Description
(Details and P.O.V.) Government Action
& “rights of mankind”
Women
Government Action(s) that
impacted the group:
Explanation:
African
Americans
Government Action(s) that
impacted the group:
Explanation:
German
(Immigrants)
Government Action(s) that
impacted the group:
Explanation:
ONE MORE TIME… In President Wilson’s Declaration of War Speech, he announced that America’s
role was “one of the champions of the rights of mankind.” Has the information provided in the primary
sources changed your view of government actions during WWI? EXPLAIN! --
Women at Work:
At Home & Abroad
Quotes:
“To be in the front ranks in this most dramatic event that was ever staged, and to be in the first group of women
ever called out for duty with the United States Army…is al too much good fortune for any one person.”
-Julia Stimson, nurse
“It isn’t exactly an alluring [glamorous] prospect to be exiled in the backwoods of Russia for a couple of
months with only two English-speaking people to run an infectious hospital, but it will be rather fun.”
-Ruth Holden, nurse
“It was not until our men were called overseas that we made any real onslaught [accomplishments] on the realm
of finance, and became tellers, managers of departments, and junior and senior officers.”
-female banking executive
“We have made partners of the women in this war; shall we admit them only to a partnership of suffering and
sacrifice and toil and not to a partnership of privilege and right?”
President Woodrow Wilson, 1919
Posters:
Photo(s):
African Americans:
At Home & Abroad
Photo(s):
TEXTBOOK: (This is NOT a primary source)
There were about 10,000 black regulars in the U.S. Army in 1917: The 9th
and 10th
Calvary regiments and the
24th
and 25th
Infantry regiments. There were more than 5,000 black men in the Navy, but virtually all of them
were waiters, kitchen attendants, and stokers for the ship’ boilers. The Marine Corps did not admit black men.
During World War I, the newly formed Selective Service system drafted more than 370,000 black men-13
percent of all draftees –though none of the local draft boards had black members. Several all-black state
National Guard units were also incorporated into federal service.
Though the military remained rigidly segregated, there was political pressure from black news papers and the
NAACP to commission black officers to lead black troops. The War Department created an officer training
school at Fort Des Moines, Iowa. Nearly 1,250 black men enrolled-1,000 were civilians and 250 from the
regular regiments-and over 1,000 received commissions. Black officers, however, were confined to the lower
ranks. None of these new black officers were promoted above captain, and the overall command of black units
remained in white hands…
Military authorities did not expect to use black troops in combat. The Army preferred to employ black troops
in labor battalions, as stevedores, in road constructions, and as cooks and bakers. Of more than 380,000 black
men who served in World War I, only 42,000 went into combat. Black troops represented 3 percent of US
combat strength. The Army did not prepare black soldiers adequately for combat, but military leaders
complained when black soldiers who did face combat performed poorly in battle.
Quotes:
As founder-editor of the NAACP's Crisis Magazine, DuBois urged in 1918, "Let us, while this war lasts, forget
our special grievances and close ranks shoulder to shoulder with our fellow citizens…"
Comments by W.E.B. DuBois on the war as a stimulus to Black Americans, 1919
We are returning from war! The Crisis and tens of thousands of black men were drafted into a great
struggle. For bleeding France and what she means and has meant and will mean to us and humanity and against
the threat of German race arrogance, we fought gladly and to the last drop of blood; for America and her highest
ideals, we fought in far off hope; for the dominant southern oligarchy entrenched in Washington, we fought in
bitter resignation. For the America that represents and gloats in lynching, disfranchisement, caste, brutality, and
devilish insult – for this, in the hateful upturning and mixing of things, we were forced by vindictive fate to
fight also.
But today we return! We return from slavery of uniform which the world’s madness demanded us to don to
the freedom of civil garb. We stand again to look America squarely in the face and call a spade a spade. We
sing: This country of ours, despite all its better souls have done and dreamed, is yet a shameful land.
It lynches…
It disfranchises its own citizens…
It encourages ignorance…
It steals from us…
It insults us…
This is the country to which we Soldiers of Democracy return. This is the fatherland for which we fought!
But it is our fatherland. It was right for us to fight. The faults of our country are our faults. Under similar
circumstances, we would fight again. But by the God of Heaven, we are cowards and jackasses if now that the
war is over, we do not marshal every ounce of our brain and brawn to fight a sterner, longer, more unbending
battle against the forces of hell in our own land.
We return.
We return from fighting.
We return fighting.
Make way for Democracy! We saved it in France, and by the Great Jehovah, we will save it in the United
States of America, or know the reason why.
From The Crisis, 1919. Reprinted in Meltzer, In Their Own Words: A History of the American Negro, 1916-
1966, pages 25-27.
German Americans:
At Home & Abroad
Comics & Posters:
Letters:
A Close Call in Cleveland: Even pro-war immigrants sometimes found wartime America a dangerous place to
live.
In Cleveland a few days ago, a foreign-looking man got into a street car and, taking a seat, noticed pasted onto
the window next to him a Liberty Loan poster, which he immediately tore down, tore into small bits, and
stamped under his feet. The people in the car surged around him with the demand that he be lynched, when a
Secret Service man showed his badge and placed him under arrest, taking him in a car to the police station,
where he was searched and found to have two Liberty Bonds in his pocket, and to be a [non-English-speaking]
Pole. When an interpreter was procured, it was discovered that the circular which he had destroyed had on it a
picture of the German emperor, which so infuriated the fellow that he had destroyed the circular to show his
vehement hatred of the common enemy. As he was unable to speak a single word of English, he would
undoubtedly had been hanged but for the intervention and entirely accidental presence of the Secret Service
agent.
- From Frederick Palmer, Newton T. Baker, (New York, 1951) vol. 2, pp162-163
A letter to the Governor: As the letter below indicates, even churches became targets of anti-German
activities. Below a pastor writes a letter of concern to the Wisconsin governor.
My dear Governor: -
Permit me to again trouble you with a case similar tot hat I wrote you about October 7th
…Following is a
true copy of the notification of the Bayfield County Council of Defense addressed tome personally and to the
Trustees of our congregation:
“To Rev. R. Krenke and the Trustees of the
German Lutheran Church, Washburn, Wisconsin,
The following resolution was unanimously adopted by the County Council of Defense, at its regular
meeting held on Friday evening, October 18th
, 1918:
“Whereas, a great many complaints have been made to the County Council of Defense, regarding the
conduct of the German Lutheran Church in Washburn and Bayfield County, in that German School is being
conducted on Saturdays and German Church services are being held on Sundays.
This Council believes that the teaching of the German language at this time should not be permitted
under any condition. Our country is at war with Germany and any attempt either to teach the german language
to t he children or to encourage the speaking of it is giving aid and comfort to the enemy, we believe further that
the holding of services at which the German language is spoken exclusively tends to engender hate and enmity
in the hearts and minds of true loyal Americans.
This Council therefore demands that that German School be immediately discontinued, and that Church
services be henceforth conducted in the English language or not al all.
Resolved further that a copy of this resolution be sent to the proper authorities of the said German
Lutheran Church, and that in the event of a refusal to comply therewith, that such steps be taken as may be
deemed necessary.
Dated October 18th
, 1918
BAYFIELD COUNTY COUNCIL OF DEFENSE
By Nels M. Oscar, Secretary”
