World War IIWorld War IItoto

Global War on TerrorismGlobal War on Terrorism

Richard McPhersonRichard McPhersonExecutive Vice PresidentExecutive Vice President

DownRange Global Solutions, Inc.DownRange Global Solutions, Inc.

www.downrangeglobal.comwww.downrangeglobal.com

UNITED STATES SUBMARINESUNITED STATES SUBMARINES

World War IIWorld War II

Japan Attack on Pearl Harbor Japan Attack on Pearl Harbor

Damage did not include Submarines Damage did not include Submarines or the Fuel Depotor the Fuel Depot

Submarines diesel-electricSubmarines diesel-electric

Range 10,000 milesRange 10,000 miles

After Attack on Pearl HarborAfter Attack on Pearl Harbor

December 7, 1941 order issued by Chief December 7, 1941 order issued by Chief of Naval Operations of Naval Operations

""EXECUTE UNRESTRICTED AIR AND EXECUTE UNRESTRICTED AIR AND SUBMARINE WARFARE AGAINST SUBMARINE WARFARE AGAINST

JAPAN" JAPAN"

WW II SubmarineWW II Submarine

WW II SubmarinesWW II Submarines

World War II Gato Class World War II Gato Class SubmarinesSubmarines

Displacement: (tons)1526 surfaced, 2424 Displacement: (tons)1526 surfaced, 2424 submergedsubmerged

Length 311' 9“ Beam 27' 4“ Draft 15‘Length 311' 9“ Beam 27' 4“ Draft 15‘

Test Depth 300‘Test Depth 300‘

Speed: (in knots) 20.75 knots surfacedSpeed: (in knots) 20.75 knots surfaced8.75 knots submerged8.75 knots submerged

Torpedo Tubes 6 forward, 4 aft Torpedo Tubes 6 forward, 4 aft 

Torpedo load out 24 Torpedo load out 24

Escape Training Tank Pearl Escape Training Tank Pearl HarborHarbor

Qualified in SubmarinesQualified in SubmarinesCoveted “Coveted “DolphinsDolphins””

World War II US SubmarinesWorld War II US Submarines

U.S. Submarines - 55% of all Japanese tonnage U.S. Submarines - 55% of all Japanese tonnage sunk in the war sunk in the war U.S. Submarines - 1.6% of U.S. Navy U.S. Submarines - 1.6% of U.S. Navy Japanese lost 1,178 Merchant Ships - 5,053,491 Japanese lost 1,178 Merchant Ships - 5,053,491 tons. tons. Japanese Navy lost 214 ships and submarines -Japanese Navy lost 214 ships and submarines -577,626 tons577,626 tonsTotal Japanese loss 5,631,117 tons - 1,392 Total Japanese loss 5,631,117 tons - 1,392 ships. ships. Japan ended war with 12% of her merchant fleet Japan ended war with 12% of her merchant fleet intact - no fuel to run more than a few of them.intact - no fuel to run more than a few of them.

Congressman Andrew MayCongressman Andrew May

To the media in June 1943, upon being briefed To the media in June 1943, upon being briefed about US Submarinesabout US Submarines

““Don't worry about our submariners; the Don't worry about our submariners; the Japanese are setting their depth charges too Japanese are setting their depth charges too shallow ”shallow ”

May's revelation cost the U.S. Navy as many as May's revelation cost the U.S. Navy as many as ten submarines and 800 crewmen" ten submarines and 800 crewmen"

WW II US SubmarinesWW II US Submarines

488 War Patrols488 War Patrols

52 Submarines Lost52 Submarines Lost

4,023 Men Lost 4,023 Men Lost

On Eternal PatrolOn Eternal Patrol

End of World War IIEnd of World War II

"We shall never forget that it was our "We shall never forget that it was our submarines that held the lines against submarines that held the lines against the enemy while our fleets replaced the enemy while our fleets replaced losses and repaired wounds" losses and repaired wounds"

──Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz, USNFleet Admiral Chester Nimitz, USN

Commander Submarine Forces Commander Submarine Forces Pacific during WW IIPacific during WW II

"I can assure you that they went down "I can assure you that they went down fighting and that their brothers who fighting and that their brothers who survived them took a grim toll of our survived them took a grim toll of our savage enemy to avenge their deaths" savage enemy to avenge their deaths"

──Vice Admiral C.A. Lockwood, USNVice Admiral C.A. Lockwood, USN

US Navy Nuclear PowerUS Navy Nuclear Power

1948 Navy Nuclear Power Program1948 Navy Nuclear Power Program1952 First Navy Nuclear Prototype1952 First Navy Nuclear Prototype1953 USS Nautilus SSN 571 Launched 1953 USS Nautilus SSN 571 Launched

1955 USS Nautilus SSN 571:1955 USS Nautilus SSN 571: ““Underway on Nuclear Power”Underway on Nuclear Power”

Total Time - Less than 8-yearsTotal Time - Less than 8-years

Following World War IIFollowing World War II

The Cold War The Cold War

KoreaKorea

VietnamVietnam

The first Gulf WarThe first Gulf War

The second Gulf WarThe second Gulf War

Global War on TerrorismGlobal War on Terrorism

Cold War SubmarinesCold War Submarines

Diesel-ElectricDiesel-Electric

Nuclear Fast AttackNuclear Fast Attack

Nuclear Fleet Ballistic Missile (FBM) Nuclear Fleet Ballistic Missile (FBM)

Fleet Ballistic Missile “FBM” Fleet Ballistic Missile “FBM” SubmarinesSubmarines

Soviets launched Sputnik in October 1957Soviets launched Sputnik in October 1957 Nuclear Deterrent from AttackNuclear Deterrent from Attack1950’s1950’s “41 for Freedom” “41 for Freedom”Deployed first in 1959 (Deployed first in 1959 (49 years49 years))Two Crews Two Crews Blue and GoldBlue and Gold24 Hours a Day “24 Hours a Day “Deterrent Weapon SystemDeterrent Weapon System””More than 3,500 SSBN patrols accounting for over 130,000 man-More than 3,500 SSBN patrols accounting for over 130,000 man-years spent on patrol years spent on patrol

USS Stonewall Jackson USS Stonewall Jackson SSBN 634SSBN 634

USS Dixon AS 37USS Dixon AS 37Submarine TenderSubmarine Tender

Diego Garcia, Indian OceanDiego Garcia, Indian Ocean

                                   

                            

USS Thresher SSN 593USS Thresher SSN 593Lost April 10, 1963Lost April 10, 1963

USS Scorpion SSN 589USS Scorpion SSN 589Lost May 22, 1968Lost May 22, 1968

1980’s Los Angeles Class1980’s Los Angeles Class

National Security StrategyNational Security Strategy

"Nuclear weapons serve as a hedge "Nuclear weapons serve as a hedge against an uncertain future, a guarantee against an uncertain future, a guarantee of our security commitments to allies, of our security commitments to allies, and a disincentive to those who would and a disincentive to those who would contemplate developing or otherwise contemplate developing or otherwise acquiring their own nuclear weapons" acquiring their own nuclear weapons"

Trident Class FBM’sTrident Class FBM’s

Trident “FBM” SubmarinesTrident “FBM” Submarines

18 Trident Submarines 18 Trident Submarines (1981)(1981)

More than half the Nation's strategic More than half the Nation's strategic

arsenal carried by TRIDENT submarinesarsenal carried by TRIDENT submarines

Less than 1.5 % of naval personnelLess than 1.5 % of naval personnel

Cost of less than 35 % of the strategic Cost of less than 35 % of the strategic

budget -That's a bargainbudget -That's a bargain

That's leverage, and that's relevanceThat's leverage, and that's relevance

Global War on TerrorismGlobal War on Terrorism

Began in 1960’sBegan in 1960’s

1973 (Oil became economic weapon)1973 (Oil became economic weapon)

1979 (Iran declared war on America)1979 (Iran declared war on America)

1983 (Marine barracks Beirut, Lebanon)1983 (Marine barracks Beirut, Lebanon)

1992-2000 (Terrorism flourished unabated ) 1992-2000 (Terrorism flourished unabated )

September 11, 2001 September 11, 2001

Modified Trident Submarines Modified Trident Submarines Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) Global War on Terrorism (GWOT)

Special Operations Forces (SOF) Special Operations Forces (SOF)

Advanced SEAL Delivery System (ASDS) Advanced SEAL Delivery System (ASDS)

154 Tomahawk missiles (TLAM’s)154 Tomahawk missiles (TLAM’s)

On patrol about 70% of the yearOn patrol about 70% of the year

Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs)

Trident for GWOTTrident for GWOT

USS Seawolf SSN 21USS Seawolf SSN 21

USS Seawolf SSN 21USS Seawolf SSN 21

USS Seawolf SSN 21USS Seawolf SSN 21

Strengthened sail permit operations under polar Strengthened sail permit operations under polar ice capice capEight-tube, double-deck torpedo room Eight-tube, double-deck torpedo room simultaneously engages multiple threatssimultaneously engages multiple threatsHighest tactical speed of any US submarineHighest tactical speed of any US submarinePropulsion system ten times 70 times quieter Propulsion system ten times 70 times quieter than Los Angeles 688-class submarines than Los Angeles 688-class submarines Hull made high-pressure HY-100 steelHull made high-pressure HY-100 steelHY-100 steel used in Navy's deep-diving SEA HY-100 steel used in Navy's deep-diving SEA CLIFF and TURTLE capable of depths in excess CLIFF and TURTLE capable of depths in excess of 10,000 feetof 10,000 feet

USS Virginia SSN 774USS Virginia SSN 774

USS Virginia SSN 774USS Virginia SSN 774

USS Virginia SSN 774USS Virginia SSN 774

S9G reactor 29.84 MW (40,000hp), one shaft pumpjet-propulsorS9G reactor 29.84 MW (40,000hp), one shaft pumpjet-propulsorDisplacement, 7,800 tons submerged Length: 377 feet. Draft: 32 Displacement, 7,800 tons submerged Length: 377 feet. Draft: 32 feet. Beam: 34 feet. Speed: 25+ knots Depth: Greater than 800 feet feet. Beam: 34 feet. Speed: 25+ knots Depth: Greater than 800 feet Four 21" Torpedo Tubes, Vertical Tubes: 12 Vertical Launch System Four 21" Torpedo Tubes, Vertical Tubes: 12 Vertical Launch System Tubes, Weapons: 38 weapons, including: Vertical Launch System Tubes, Weapons: 38 weapons, including: Vertical Launch System Tomahawk Cruise Missiles, Mk 48 ADCAP Heavyweight Torpedoes, Tomahawk Cruise Missiles, Mk 48 ADCAP Heavyweight Torpedoes, Advanced Mobile Mines, Unmanned Undersea Vehicles (UUV’s) Advanced Mobile Mines, Unmanned Undersea Vehicles (UUV’s) Special Warfare: Dry Deck Shelter. Advanced SEAL Delivery Special Warfare: Dry Deck Shelter. Advanced SEAL Delivery System System Sonar's: Spherical active/passive arrays. Lightweight Wide Sonar's: Spherical active/passive arrays. Lightweight Wide Aperture Arrays. TB-16, TB-29, and future towed arrays. High-Aperture Arrays. TB-16, TB-29, and future towed arrays. High-frequency chin and sail arrays frequency chin and sail arrays Countermeasures: 1 internal launcher (reloadable 2-barrel) 14 Countermeasures: 1 internal launcher (reloadable 2-barrel) 14 external launchers external launchers Crew: 113 Submariners Crew: 113 Submariners

USS Virginia SSN 674USS Virginia SSN 674

Covert Strike land-attack missiles from vertical launchers and Covert Strike land-attack missiles from vertical launchers and torpedo tubes torpedo tubes Anti-Submarine Warfare advanced combat system flexible payload Anti-Submarine Warfare advanced combat system flexible payload of torpedoes of torpedoes Anti-Ship Warfare advanced combat system and torpedoes Anti-Ship Warfare advanced combat system and torpedoes Battle Group Support with advanced electronic sensors and Battle Group Support with advanced electronic sensors and communications equipment communications equipment Covert Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance, using Covert Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance, using sensors to collect critical intelligence and locate radar sites, missile sensors to collect critical intelligence and locate radar sites, missile batteries and command sites as well as to monitor communications batteries and command sites as well as to monitor communications and track ship movements and track ship movements Covert Mine laying against enemy shipping Covert Mine laying against enemy shipping Special Operations, including search and rescue, reconnaissance, Special Operations, including search and rescue, reconnaissance, sabotage, diversionary attacks, and direction of fire support and sabotage, diversionary attacks, and direction of fire support and strikes strikes

DSRV 1 MysticDSRV 1 Mystic

US Naval Nuclear PowerUS Naval Nuclear Power

TODAYTODAY

U.S. Navy Submarines on patrol are U.S. Navy Submarines on patrol are undetected awaiting the President and undetected awaiting the President and National Command Authority’s orders to National Command Authority’s orders to launch any type of attack as ordered launch any type of attack as ordered

U.S. Navy Submarines are conducting U.S. Navy Submarines are conducting clandestine operations in support of the clandestine operations in support of the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) Global War on Terrorism (GWOT)

RADM Earl P. “Buddy” YatesRADM Earl P. “Buddy” Yates

““When the funds for America’s National When the funds for America’s National Defense are drying up the last thing to be Defense are drying up the last thing to be funded to keep us free is the Trident funded to keep us free is the Trident Submarine” Submarine”

Admiral Buddy Yates is a Naval Academy Admiral Buddy Yates is a Naval Academy graduate and Naval Aviator who served in graduate and Naval Aviator who served in World War II, Korea and Vietnam - he World War II, Korea and Vietnam - he knows about America’s national security knows about America’s national security

AuthorAuthor

Richard McPherson is a Submariner, and Richard McPherson is a Submariner, and life member of United States Submarine life member of United States Submarine Veterans Inc., serving as the Base Veterans Inc., serving as the Base Commander of the Los Angeles – Commander of the Los Angeles – Pasadena Base and President of the Los Pasadena Base and President of the Los Angeles Chapter of Submarine Veterans Angeles Chapter of Submarine Veterans of World War II. Since the 9/11 attack on of World War II. Since the 9/11 attack on America he has been working on issues America he has been working on issues related to the global war on terrorism related to the global war on terrorism (“GWOT”). (“GWOT”).

QUESTIONSQUESTIONS

United States Submarines United States Submarines

Richard McPhersonRichard McPhersonExecutive Vice PresidentExecutive Vice President

DownRange Global Solutions, Inc.DownRange Global Solutions, Inc.

E-mail: RMcPhe8888@aol.comE-mail: RMcPhe8888@aol.com