WPS, UN Women, andExperiences from the Field

May 14, 2015

Maud Edgren-Schori

Maud Edgren-SchoriIndevelop/KtK

NTP: UNSCR 1325

Women, Peace and

Security (282)

Myanmar

Presentation 09.00 – 12.00 AM

• Introduction • United Nation – history and Human Rights. UN

Women - Gender Mainstreaming • Gender Advisor – Guiding documents and Field

experiences

• Group Discussions on UN Strategic Results Framework on WPS: 2011-2010

United Nations (UN)

• Established October 24, 1945

• Objectives of the UN: Maintain PEACE worldwide Develop friendly relationships between nations Support the work to eradicate poverty, hunger, diseases and illiteracy; promote

respect of HR Create a center to harmonise activities in order to achieve the objectives

Where, after all, do universal rights begin?Eleanor Roosevelt (1958)

– Commisssion on HR established 1946

– UDHR was adopted in 1948

– 9 HR conventions (1965 – 2006)

International Treaties

Convention binding for those who ratified

Declaration not formally binding, only morally

Resolution binding if adopted by the SC, but not in GA.

Dag Hammarskjöld (1905 – September 18, 1961) served from April 1953 until his death in a plane crash. Was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize posthumously.

”The United Nations was not created to bring us to Heaven but to save us from Hell”

The Blue Helmets were created by Hammarskjöld and his team.

Three guiding principles for PKO:s:

The UN Blue Helmets (1) shall have the consent of the parties, (2) be impartial and (3) use force only in self-defence or in defence of the mandate.

UN Peacekeeping

•Start in 1948: the Security Council authorized the deployment of UN military observers to the Middle East and Pakistan.

•The role of observers: monitor the Armistice Agreement

o between Israel and its Arab neighbors (UNTSO) and

o in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) Both missions continue operating to this day.

69 peacekeeping operations have been deployed by the UN, 56 of them since 1988. Over the years, hundreds of thousands of military personnel, as well as tens of thousands of UN police and other civilians from more than 120 countries have participated in UN peacekeeping operations.

UN PK workforce (April 2015) 90 336 troops, 1 804 military observers, 12 528

police personnel5 289 international civilian personnel; 11 803 local civilian staff. 1 824 UN Volunteers In total, 123 560 personnel in 16 PKO’sTotal cost: 8,5 billion USD

.

o

UNSC resolutions: 1325/2000, 1820/2008, 1888/2009, 1889/2009, 1960/2010, 2106/2013, 2122/2013

Who is responsible for implementing 1325 and other

UNSCR?

• UN Security Council• UN Secretary-General• UN Member States/TCCs• Armed groups – national militaries, rebel

groups, etc.• Humanitarian agencies• Mediators in peace negotiations

Gender Equality – UN

Committee on the Elimination of DiscriminationOf Women

• Violence against Women• Peace and Security• Leadership and Participation• Economic Empowerment• Post 2015 agenda• Humanitarian Action - Human Rights • HIV/Aids

(2009)

• International gender equality ”constitution”

• Includes 30 articles

• 189 of UN member states have ratified (2015)

Discrimination of WomenCEDAW (1979) Definition

• any distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis of sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise by women, irrespective of the marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.

Gender Mainstreaming(definition by ECOSOC)

… assessing the implications for women and men in any action, including legislation, politics and programmes

… making concerns and experiences of women and men an integral part of design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes, so that women an men benefit equally

Age and Sex Matter

Gender Advisor UNDPAssignments (examples)

• Training (In-house + partners)• Drafting of Policy documents (Gender

Policy Declaration/ Strategic Action Plan (CI) /National Gender Policy (L))

• Reviewing of Programs/Projects• Data collection/Needsassessment (G)• Developing programs: ”Women in

Peace and Reconciliation” (CI)• Resource mobilisation

Guiding documents• HR Conventions

• Beijing Platform of Action (1995)

• National policies on GE

• UN Agencies gender policy

• UNSCR 1325/2000 and subsequent WPS resolutions

• UNSC resolutions

• UN policies on Gender, Codes of Conduct, etc.

Gaps in Gender Mainstreaming are caused by:

• Resistance

• Ignorance

• Indifference

Gender Perspective requires

• Knowledge

• Commitment

• Priority

• Resources

Articles1. Definition of DISCRIMINATION2. Responsibility to eliminate discrimination3. Development and progress for women4. Temporally measures to achieve GE5. Stereotype gender roles6. Prostitution and trafficking7. Political and public spheres8. International work9. Citizenship10. Education11. Labor Market12. Health Care13. Social and Economical benefits14. Women in Rural areas15. Gender justice16. Marriage and Family life