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Wq wawsaw 2014

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guardians of drinking water quality DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE Drinking Water Safety The Application and Outcome of Regulation Marcus Rink Deputy Chief Inspector (Operations) Drinking Water Inspectorate Warsaw - 2014
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Page 1: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

Drinking Water Safety –

The Application and Outcome of

Regulation

• Marcus Rink• Deputy Chief Inspector (Operations)

• Drinking Water InspectorateWarsaw - 2014

Page 2: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

Structure

This presentation covers :-

• The Directive

• The Regulations

• The Technical Regulator

• Application of the Regulations

• Outcomes of Regulation

Page 3: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• World Health Organisation (WHO) Guideline Values

– Guidelines based on health impacts - not legally binding

• EC Directives

– 98/83 on the quality of water intended for human consumption

• UK Primary Legislation

– Water Act 1989

– Water Industry Act 1991

– Water Act 2003

• UK Secondary Legislation

– Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2000, (Amended 2010)

• 2001 in Scotland, 2010 in Wales, and Northern Ireland

• Private Water Supplies Regulations 2009

• Water Fittings Regulations 1999

• Information Direction

– Water Industry (Suppliers’ Information Direction) 2009

Legislative Framework forDrinking Water Quality

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DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• A4: Member States are under a duty to

supply wholesome water.

• A5: Quality standards must be set.

• A6: Point of compliance at taps with a

requirement that measures to eliminate risk

including at treatment are taken and

consumers informed

• A7: Monitoring; regular and additional.

• A8:Investigation and remediation of failure or

potential danger.

• A10:Substances and materials.

Council Directive 98/83 – Key Articles

Page 5: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

UK Water industry

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DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• 24 Water Supply Companies in England, 3 in Wales (which are also in Eng), one in Scotland one in Northern Ireland

• 4 other licensed companies in England,1 in Wales, none in Scotland or NI, (making up 9 insets)

• Supply 13,898 Ml/d in England, 822 in Wales, 2,016 Ml/d in Scotland and 628 Ml/d in NI

• 52 million people in England, 3 in Wales, 5 in Scotland 1.8 in NI)

• 1,193 water treatment works in England and 88 in Wales, 273 in Scotland, 31 in NI

• 3,995 service reservoirs in England, 630 in Wales, 1,055 in Scotland, 330 in NI

• 262,852 km of water mains in England 31,110 in Wales, 47,000 in Scotland, 26,500 in NI

• 1,581 water supply zones in England, 101 in Wales, 354 in Scotland, 55 in NI

Water Supply in UK

Page 7: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

European Law

Secretary of State

LocalAuthorities

National Law

Competition

Commission

Water companies

Water industry regulation

Page 8: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• Water companies are under a duty to supply

wholesome water

• The supply of water unfit for human

consumption is a criminal offence• Secretary of State has power to

• make regulations

• require information

• appoint a Chief Inspector of Drinking Water

• enforce if regulations are breached

• Chief Inspector given specific powers in

The Water Act 2003

Water Act 1989 & 2003, Water Industry Act 1991

Primary legislation

Page 9: Wq wawsaw 2014

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DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• Transpose and implement the 1998 Drinking Water

Directive requirements

• Implement the technical duties of primary legislation

• Define wholesome water - regulation 4(2)

– No substance or organism or parasite, (in conjunction with

another or not), at a concentration that constitutes a potential

danger to human health.

– Any concentration in excess of the prescribed concentrations

or values, (or as maybe less than the PCV’s)

– Satisfies Nitrate/Nitrite formula.

* Amended 2010

Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2000*,

2001* in Scotland, 2007* in NI & 2010 in Wales

Secondary legislation

Page 10: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• Enforceable water quality standards

– Directive requirements

• 28+ standards (e.g. E.coli; lead; Pesticides)

– National requirements

• 13 standards (e.g. Iron, Manganese, pH)

• Indicator parameters (not necessarily un-wholesome)

– 11 parameters (e.g. conductivity, pH, Sulphate, coliforms at taps)

• Regulations also define requirements for:

– Informing stakeholders – DWI, CCDCs, LAs, CCWater

– Sampling & analysis

– Investigations

– treatment

– approval of substances and products in contact with drinking water

Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2000

Secondary legislation

Page 11: Wq wawsaw 2014

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DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• Regulation 16a

– Requirement for raw water monitoring

• Regulation 19a

– Domestic Distribution Systems and Public Buildings

• Regulation 26

– sufficient preliminary treatment to prepare water for

disinfection

– all water must be disinfected prior to supply

– design & continuously operate an adequate treatment

process

• Regulation 27 – risk assessment

– Requirement for comprehensive risk assessment of each

works and associated supply system

• All risks from source to tap

2007 Key Amendments

Page 12: Wq wawsaw 2014

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DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• Regulation 19a

– A failure is attributable to the domestic distribution system, or the

maintenance of that system, in premises where water supplied for

regulation 4(1) purposes is made available for use by members of

the public

– The water undertaker whose supply system is used for the purpose

of a licensed water supplier making a supply of water to the

premises, requiring it to exercise the power conferred by section

75(2) of the Act in respect of the failure.

• Regulation 26

– Design, operate and maintain the disinfection process so as to

keep disinfection bye-products as low as possible without

compromising the effectiveness of the disinfection; and verify the

effectiveness of the disinfection process.”

2010 Key Amendments

Page 13: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• Specifies information requirements of the

Secretary of State (DWI)

• Annual data returns

– Zone boundaries, WTW & SRs in use

• Monthly data returns

– Results of all samples taken as part of regulatory

programme

– Report of investigations and remedial actions for any

failure of standard

• Provision of information on events, incidents &

emergencies

– Notification

– 3-day report

– 20-day report

Water Industry (Suppliers’ Information Direction) 2012

Page 14: Wq wawsaw 2014

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DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• Independent drinking water quality regulator for

England & Wales

• Set up in 1990 by primary legislation

• 40 staff, 30 warranted Inspectors

• Main Duties

– Obtain & publish information

– Audit

– Inspection

– Enforcement

– Prosecution

– Technical Advice

– Policy formulation

Drinking Water Inspectorate

Page 15: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• Information supplied under Direction• Risk Assessments

• Monthly water quality compliance returns on WTWs, SRs, zones

• Numbers of consumer complaints (WQ only)

• Events, Incidents ,Emergencies

• Information gathered by Intervention• Audit

• Investigation

DWI Operational Activities

Page 16: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

Operational Information Acquisition and Processing

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DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

Event or

Audit Risk

Score

Company

Assessment

Score

Response

Category

Orange

Zone

Light touch investigation (3b)

In Depth investigation

Yes

No

Short letter (email)

Health

parameter

breach

Red Zone

Sense Check

Green Zone

Risk Based Approach to Assessment & Investigation

Page 18: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

• Discolouration• Burst mains• Microbiological contamination

• Source• Treatment • Reservoir integrity• Distribution

• Disinfection / treatment failures• Source contamination of supply

Assessment of Water Quality Events

Page 19: Wq wawsaw 2014

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DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

Enforcement Mechanisms

• Notice

– Where a risk assessment identifies, (or fails to identify), a

residual risk of supplying water potentially harmful to human

health

• Enforcement

– Where water does not meet a standard in the regulations,

company can apply for an Undertaking.

• Prosecution

– Supplying water unfit for human consumption

– Failing to adequately treat and disinfect water prior to supply

to consumers

– Use of products or processes not meeting the requirements

of regulation

– Impeding the activities of an Inspector

Page 20: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

Drinking water standards

Compliance with Drinking

Water Directive

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Pe

rce

nta

ge

of sa

mp

les fa

ilin

g in

zo

ne

s

England and Wales Scotland Northern Ireland

England 99.97% - Wales 99.96%

Drinking water standards

Compliance with Drinking Water Directive

Page 21: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

Percentage of samples

• Meeting the Lead standard of 10µg/l

Improvements in drinking water quality

95

96

97

98

99

100

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Pe

rce

ntg

e m

ee

tin

g s

tan

da

rd

Year

10µg/l Industry

Page 22: Wq wawsaw 2014

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DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

2007

Improvements in drinking water quality

2012

Page 23: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

100,000

110,000

120,000

130,000

140,000

150,000

160,000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Co

nsu

mer

co

nta

cts

Consumer contacts down by one third

Public water supplies

Consumer contacts 2006-2010

Page 24: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

Improvements in drinking water quality

Percentage of samples meeting the pesticide standard of 0.1µg/l

99.84

99.86

99.88

99.90

99.92

99.94

99.96

99.98

100.00

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Page 25: Wq wawsaw 2014

guardians of drinking water quality

DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

Drinking Water Inspectorate

: [email protected]: www.dwi.gov.uk

Further information


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