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www.atlasti.com
ATLAS.ti: The Qualitative Data Analysis WorkbenchAn overview
Ricardo B. Contreras, PhDApplied cultural anthropologistDirector of the ATLAS.ti Training CenterGreenville, North Carolina, United [email protected]
www.atlasti.com
The Company
• Based in Berlin, Germany.
• First commercial release in 1993.
• Currently in release 7 (June 2012).
• Native Mac version to be released in mid 2014.
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
www.atlasti.com
What is ATLAS.ti?
• Software that assists in the process of qualitatively analyzing research data.
• Data collected through unstructured or semi-structured methods of data collection.
• The researcher is in control of the analysis process.
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
www.atlasti.com
Ultimate Purpose of Using ATLAS.ti in Analysis• To facilitate the process of analysis and interpretation of
data collected through unstructured and semi-structured methods of data collection.
• To allow for evidence-based research: findings, theses, and interpretations grounded in the evidence.
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
Original Text, Participants’
Voices
Final Text,Interpretative
Text
Description
AnalysisInterpretation
Note: This figure was inspired by Wolcott, Harry F. 1994. “Transforming Qualitative Data: Description, Analysis, and Interpretation”. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
www.atlasti.com
Properties of the ATLAS.ti Analysis Process
Multiple methods of
data collection
Closeness to the point of
view of participant
The researcher is in control
The context is always present
Ample space for serendipity
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
www.atlasti.com
The Qualitative Analysis Iterative Cycle in ATLAS.ti
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
Tools to Describe Participants’
Accounts from Data Collected through
Multiple Methods of Data Collection
Tools to Analyze Content of
Accounts: Compare, Relate, Connect,
Examine in Context, Count
Tools to Produce Holistic
Representations of Findings Grounded in
the Evidence
Outputs
• Reports in Rich Text Format, PDF, and XML
• Matrices and tables in Excel
• Conceptual networks in graphic formats
• HTML Reports
• SPSS file of entire project
www.atlasti.com
The Deductive-Inductive Dialogue in ATLAS.ti
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
Deductive
Inductive
You are not forced into a deductive or an inductive approach. The decision as to what approach to take is a methodological one. However, commonly people combine both: start with a set of a priori concepts (codes), as a general framework, but leave enough space for discovery in the form of emergent concepts (codes).
www.atlasti.com
The Hermeneutic Unit or Project
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
HU
PDs
Quotes
Codes
Memos
Families
Networks
• The data analysis workbench
• Container that includes the sources of information and all the analytical work
• A file with the extension “hpr7”
www.atlasti.com
Primary Documents: Sources of Information
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
Text
Word
RTF
Excel
TXT
Etc.
Graphic
JPEG
PNG
GIF
Etc.
Multimedia
MPEG-2, MPG
WMV
AVI
MP4
WAV
Etc.
Google Earth
The multiple file formats accepted allows for rich triangulation.
HU
PDs
Quotes
Codes
Memos
Families
Networks
www.atlasti.com
Primary Documents: Loading Multiple Primary Documents Simultaneously• Loading up to four documents simultaneously.
• Allows to conduct rich comparative analysis (e.g., coding two or more interviews conducted at different points in time).
• Allows for rich transcription of audio or video documents.
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
HU
PDs
Quotes
Codes
Memos
Families
Networks
www.atlasti.com
Primary Documents: Multimedia and Google Earth
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
HU
PDs
Quotes
Codes
Memos
Families
Networks
Video frame showing quotations and codes on the margin
Audio primary document showing quotations and codes on the margin
Google Earth primary document showing quotation named “My house”
Graphic primary document showing quotations and codes on the margin
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Quotations
• Segments of the text selected by researcher or automatically (auto-coding).
• Quotations can be created in all kinds of primary documents. • The quotation constitutes the basic unit of the analysis project. They
can be linked to other objects, they can be left unlinked, they can be described in-depth, and their linkages can be visualized as rich graphic representations.
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
HU
PDs
Quotes
Codes
Memos
Families
Networks
Quotations always shown in context
Codes that are linked to quotations show on margin
Interactive list of quotations shown in the “Quotation Manager”, each one identified by unique ID
“Comment” space where each quotation can be described
www.atlasti.com
Codes
• Concepts that can either derive from external frameworks (deductively created) or emerge from the text (inductively created).
• Codes can be linked to quotations, memos, arranged in families, and represented in networks. They can also be left alone, unlinked.
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
HU
PDs
Quotes
Codes
Memos
Families
Networks
Codes shown on an optional side panel
Codes that are linked to quotations shown on the margin
Codes shown in the “Code Manager” specifying how grounded in the evidence they are, how connected they are to other codes (density), their authors, and their definitions.
www.atlasti.com
Memos
• Spaces for reflection, analysis, integration, and interpretation.• Spaces where to make sense of the data.• Writing memos should accompany the process of coding.• Memos can be linked to quotations, codes, and other memos.• If memos are systematically linked to supporting quotations, it
follows that the reflections, analyses, and interpretations contained in them are grounded in evidence.
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
HU
PDs
Quotes
Codes
Memos
Families
Networks
Memo that is linked to quotation is shown on the margin
Memos shown in “Memo Manager”. This shows how grounded the memo is in the evidence (number of quotations linked to it)
The memo text
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Families
• Grouping of primary documents, codes, and memos according to shared characteristics.
• Families allow for comparison across cases, conceptual categories, themes, etc.
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
HU
PDs
Quotes
Codes
Memos
Families
Networks
Network view of primary document family
Network view of memo family
Network view of code family
www.atlasti.com
Networks
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
Weak-link NetworkLinkages between elements created through the normal analytical process.
Strong-link NetworkGraphical representations of a semantic type linking codes to codes and quotations to quotations through specific meanings. Researcher’s understanding of the problem.
HU
PDs
Quotes
Codes
Memos
Families
Networks
Weak link network showing quotations linked to codes as well as the primary document from which some of the quotations originate
Code-to-code network showing semantic relations between codes
Quotation-to-quotation network (hyperlinks) showing semantic relations between quotations
www.atlasti.com
The Qualitative Analysis Iterative Cycle in ATLAS.ti
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
Tools to Describe Participants’
Accounts from Data Collected through
Multiple Methods of Data Collection
Tools to Analyze Content of
Accounts: Compare, Relate, Connect,
Examine in Context, Count
Tools to Produce Holistic
Representations of Findings Grounded in
the Evidence
Outputs
• Reports in Rich Text Format, PDF, and XML
• Matrices and tables in Excel
• Conceptual networks in graphic formats
• HTML Reports
• SPSS file of entire project
www.atlasti.com
Outputs
Qualitative Quantitative
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
The co-occurrence table showing number of co-occurrences between codes
The Query Tool, which produces qualitative outputs through Boolean, Semantic, and Proximity operators
Rich Text Format written report produced through the Query Tool
Excel graph with data from the Co-occurrence table. All quantitative reports can be exported into Excel
www.atlasti.com
Exporting in Different Formats
XML, HTML, SPSS, EXCEL, RTF, PDF, PNG, etc.
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
www.atlasti.com
Team Work
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
Paul
Mary + Peter
Susan + Paul
Final HU
Mary
Peter
Susan
BaseHU
www.atlasti.com
Project Management: The Copy Bundle Function
• If working with documents that have been “added” (version 7) or “assigned” (version 6.2) into the project, it is necessary to create back-up files using the Copy Bundle function.
• Save the Copy Bundle file in an external drive.• Use the Copy Bundle function to back-up and to migrate the
project between computers.A. Create Bundle B. Save Bundle
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
www.atlasti.com
Document Management in Version 6.2
• Create a new folder in a location of your preference in Windows (e.g., desktop, My Documents, shared drive, server). Name it with the name of your project.
• Copy all your source document files into this folder.• Save the HU (extension “hpr6”) inside of the same folder.
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
Project A
.doc .docx .pdf .rtf .jpg .wmv, etc.
HU
.doc .docx .pdf
.rtf .jpg .wmv, etc.
.doc .docx .pdf
.rtf .jpg .wmv, etc.
Project B HU
The HU file (extension ‘hpr’) saved inside of the project folder together with
the source documents.
The HU file (extension ‘hpr’) saved inside of the projectfolder but not inside of the individual sub-folders
where the source documents are stored.
www.atlasti.com
Support Resources
Free• Product support by email ([email protected]). It does not
expire.• Weekly introductory webinars (
www.atlasti.com/webinars.html)• Bi-weekly webinars on special applications (
www.atlasti.com/webinars.html)• Youtube channel with video tutorials (
www.youtube.com/user/atlasti01) • Quick Tour manual (• Full reference guidePaid• Six-hour workshops through web-conferencing• Two-day face-to-face workshops in the United States,
Canada, and Europe• Two-day on-site workshops
• To learn ATLAS.ti on your own (http://
www.atlasti.com/download.html):– Quick tour– Chapters of the manual (at the very least):
• Data management• Creating, opening, and saving HU• Setting up a new project• Project back-up and transfer
• To learn ATLAS.ti under the guidance of an experienced instructor (www.atlasti.com/training.html): – Online 6-hour workshops through web-conferencing– Face-to-face 2-day workshops– On-site 2-day workshops (on-demand)
• Additional guidance• Book by Susanne Friese “Qualitative Analysis with ATLAS.ti”. London:
Sage, 2012.• Companion website of the book:
http://www.quarc.de/qualitative-data-analysis-with-atlasti/companion-website.html
• Multiple videos in Youtube.
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
www.atlasti.com
Licensing
• Three categories: – Student– Educational– Commercial
• Student– Two-year– Semester– Fully functional
• Educational and commercial– Single-user: perpetual– Multi-user (5 to 80):
• Perpetual• Yearly lease
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD
www.atlasti.com
Thank you!ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH
Hardenbergstr. 7
D-10623 Berlin
Germany
© 2012 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD