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NATIONAL HIV PROGRAMMES – SYNERGIES WITH HEALTH

SYSTEMS AND HEALTH CARE FINANCING

PRESENTED BY

DR. VELEPHI OKELLO (BSC, MBCHB)

NATIONAL CO-ORDINATOR

HIV CARE AND TREATMENT PROGRAMME

MINISTRY OF HEALTH

SWAZILAND

JULY 2011

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BACKGROUND

• 30 years since HIV was discovered • Response has yielded positive results:

– An observed reduction in HIV incidence in many countries, including those in Sub-Saharan Africa

– An increase in the availability of life-saving ARV medicines in LMIC

– Significant increase in investment in the HIV response, through the GHIs such as PEPFAR, GFATM, GAVI, etc.

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The Impact of HIV on the Health System

• Two arguments have emerged on the effects of HIV programmes on health systems:– Negative impact on health systems - created

vertical systems - expensive to maintain and may not be sustainable in resource-limited countries

– Positive impact - Opportunities and platforms for improving general health care delivery have emerged

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Common Goals

• HIV Programmes and Health systems share common goals:

• Improving health outcomes by addressing issues of equity

• Ensuring that in accessing health services, the population is protected from catastrophic expenditure

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Synergies with the Health Systems

• Experience in LMIC – areas of synergy between HIV Programmes and health systems are found in all the 6 building blocks of the health systems: – Governance– Health Care Financing– Health workforce– Medical products & technologies– Health information– Delivery of services

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Health System Building Blocks

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SERVICE DELIVERY

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SERVICE DELIVERY• Approaches that have worked for HIV

Programmes and can be applied to health care delivery for other chronic conditions within the health system:– Decentralization of services– Chronic care model – Integration of services – Community involvement– Patient-centred health care – Quality improvement

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Quality Improvement

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GOVERNANCE

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STEWARDSHIP AND GOVERNANCE

• Management of HIV Programmes - target setting, accountability to the population

• Improved awareness and accountability of governments on their performance on specific HIV targets

• Now increased awareness of health-related MDGs - renewed commitment - 2010 NY High Level Summit on MDGs

• September 2011 – focus on NCDs - Governments to agree (hopefully) on setting new targets for NCDs

• Call for renewal of PHC (WHO Alma Atta Declaration, 1978)

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Global Health Agreements

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HEALTH CARE FINANCING HIV programmes have benefitted from increased

funding since their establishment

• GHIs - GFATM, GAVI, PEPFAR - doubled their funding over the past 5 years

• There is great pressure for Governments, esp in Africa to increase their funding for health in line with the Abuja Declaration of 2001- Rwanda, Botswana met the targets (March 2011)

• Since 2008, most of the donors opened up their funding to cover other aspects of the health systems - IHP+ (2007), 30% GFATM and PEPFAR funds support HSS, World Bank, ADB

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Health Care Financing

• Innovative methods of raising funds in-country include:– AIDS levy (3%) on salaries - Zimbabwe– Levy on mobile phone usage - Gabon– National health insurance for all employed – Tax on tobacco and alcohol, sugary drinks

and foods high in salt or trans-saturated fats

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Other health system synergies

• Management of health workforce – in-service trainings and CMEs, HIV programmes working to improve pre-service training curriculum, motivation strategies, health worker wellness programmes,

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Other health system synergies

• Management of patient data – paper & electronic PMS for quality care, for research to inform future interventions

• Simplification of diagnostic technologies e.g. POC CD4 machines now in clinics, same possible for glucometers

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Making it happen• Countries to identify areas of synergy between HIV

programmes and health systems that are relevant to local setting

• Country strategic frameworks should include strategies for improving HSS – leadership and guidance to donors

• Countries to strive towards achieving the target of spending at least15% of national budgets on health – advocacy, prioritization!

• Donors and Development Partners to adhere to the Paris Declaration principles of aligning aid to national priorities and systems

• Governments and donors to enhance their accountability to their populations

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Conclusion

• “We will not be successful in our efforts to end deaths from AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis unless we do more to improve health systems around the world, focus our efforts on child and maternal health, and ensure that best practices drive the funding for these programs.”—President Obama, during the launch of the GHI

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Thank you!