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OPERATIONAL CALCULATIONS

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Flocculation

Flocculent 1% Mother Solution

What is a 1% mother solution?

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Flocculent 1% Mother Solution (MS)

1% Mother Solution = Water has 1% Alum added

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Flocculent 1% Mother Solution (MS)

Alum

MS

1%

100%

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Flocculent 1% Mother Solution (MS)

If we want to make 1 Litre of 1% Mother Solution

How much Alum do we add?

?g Alum = 1%

1 litre Water

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Flocculent 1% Mother Solution (MS)

If 1 Litre of water = 1,000g or 1 kg

and

1% = 0.01

?g Alum = 0.01

1,000g Watersame as

0.01 x 1,000g Water = ?g Alum

0.01 x 1,000g Water = 10g Alum

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Flocculent 1% Mother Solution (MS)

Alum

MS

10g

1000g

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Flocculent 1% Mother Solution (MS)

So if we want to make 100 litres of Mother solution

How much Alum do we add to the water?

Remember we know how much Alum to add to 1 litre! So how much for 100 litres?

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Flocculent 1% Mother Solution (MS)

Same calculation as before, but we multiply by 100.

For 1 litre

0.01x 1,000g Water = (10g Alum)

Then Multiply by 100

10g x 100 = 1000g

1000g = 1kg Alum

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Chlorination

Chlorine 1% Mother Solution

How do we calculate 1% Chlorine mother solution?

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Chlorine 1% Mother Solution (MS)

Same Calculation as Flocculent Calculation

but with 1 added step

(simple don’t be scared )

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Chlorine 1% Mother Solution (MS)

The Chlorine we use is not %100 Chlorine.Sometimes we use

Chlorine Powder (Calcium Hypochlorite)

sometimes 70% Strength,

sometimes 50% Strength,

sometimes 30% Strength,

Chlorine Tablets = sometimes 30% Strength

Liquid Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite)

sometimes 10% Strength,

sometimes 5% Strength,

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Chlorine 1% Mother Solution (MS)

So what Chlorine do you use?

Simple! Check the side of the Container. This should tell you

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Chlorine 1% Mother Solution (MS)

Lets make 1 litre of Chlorine 1% Mother Solution

In this example, lets use 30% Chlorine Powder

Calculation same as before

?g Cl (30%) = 1%

1,000g Water

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Chlorine 1% Mother Solution (MS)

?g Cl (30%) = 0.01

1000g WaterSame as

0.01x 1000g Water = 10g Cl (30%)

1 Extra Step (remember we are using 30% Chlorine)

10g Cl = 33g Chlorine Powder

0.3

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Chlorine 1% Mother Solution (MS)

So if we want to make 30 litres of 1% Mother solution

How much Chlorine do we add to the water?(Use 30% Chlorine Powder)

Remember we know how much Chlorine to add to 1 litre! So how much for 30 litres?

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Chlorine 1% Mother Solution (MS)

For 1 litre 0.01x 1,000g Water = 10g Cl (30%)

Remember the extra step for 30% Chlorine?

10g Cl = 33g Chlorine Powder

0.3Then Multiply by 30

33g x 30 = 1000g = 1kg Chlorine

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Chlorine 0.25% Mother Solution (MS)

Now that we are experts So if we want to make 30 litres of 0.25% Mother

solution

Remember 1% = 0.01

so

0.25% = ?

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Chlorine 0.25% Mother Solution (MS)

0.25% =0.0025

0.0025x 1,000g Water = 2.5g Cl (30%)

Remember the extra step for 30% Chlorine?

2.5g Cl = 8g Chlorine Powder

0.3Then Multiply by 30

8g x 30 = 240g