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origins, evolution, current status, managementand perspectives of the SciELO network ofopen access collections of Ibero-America journals
Abel L PackerSciELO Operational CoordinatorBIREME/PAHO/WHO, Director
ScientificElectronicLibraryOnline
BIREME – Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences / Pan American Health Organization /World Health Organization
CODATA 2007 - Strategies for Open and Permanent Access to Scientific Information in Latin America: Focus on Health and Environment Information for Sustainable Development, Atibaia, São Paulo, 8-10 May 2007
as a model for scientific communication in developing countries
Latin America, CaribbeanPortugal & Spain
Latin America, CaribbeanPortugal & Spain
EnglishPortugueseSpanish
EnglishPortugueseSpanish
geographicgeographic
languageslanguages
2007 - SciELO Geographic and Language Coverage
Source: Ricyt, 2006
L&C articles in SCI-Exp, % world articles % LA&C articles
2003 % Country1 070 005 100,00 Total
348 225 32,54 United States 67 756 6,33 Ibero America 43 272 4,04 Canada 35 299 3,30 LA & C 29 634 2,77 Spain 16 324 1,53 Brazil
6 602 0,62 Mexico 5 640 0,53 Argentina 5 000 0,47 Portugal 2 972 0,28 Chile 1 235 0,12 Venezuela
840 0,08 Colombia 726 0,07 Cuba
2003 f % F % Country 35 299 100,00 LA & C 16 324 46,24 46,24 Brazil
6 602 18,70 64,95 Mexico 5 640 15,98 80,93 Argentina 2 972 8,42 89,35 Chile 1 235 3,50 92,84 Venezuela
840 2,38 95,22 Colombia 726 2,06 97,28 Cuba
~12% are published in LA&C journals ~12% are published in LA&C journals
Latin American and Caribbean Scientific ProductionISI – Web of Sciences
Growth of publications, from 1994 (base 100) to 2003Source: RiCYT, 2006, http://ricyt.centroredes.mine.nu/ricyt/elc2004/1.pdf
LA&C publications indexed in international databases – 1994 and 2003Source: RiCYT, 2006, http://ricyt.centroredes.mine.nu/ricyt/elc2004/1.pdf
total (a) % (b) total (c) % (d)Holland 571 9,58 21.346 2,02 4,74England 1235 20,69 65.880 6,22 3,33USA 2288 38,33 313.625 29,61 1,29Germany 427 7,16 69.808 6,59 1,09France 143 2,4 47.955 4,53 0,53Australia 60 1,01 23.746 2,24 0,45Chile 8 0,13 2.419 0,23 0,57India 47 0,79 20.299 1,92 0,41China 71 1,19 51.219 4,84 0,25Brazil 16 0,27 14.502 1,37 0,20Argentina 5 0,08 4.516 0,43 0,19México 7 0,12 7.659 0,72 0,17
Journals - JCR Articles WoS(b)/(d)Country
Country journals presence in JCR related to articles in the WoSISI Thomsom Scientific, 2004 Edition, Rogerio Meneghini, Abel L. Packer, 2006
0,530
1,90
0,30
> 6,3
ISI-JCR28
MEDLINE65
SciELO141
LILACS690
total1000-1500
Structure of the indization of LAC journals2004, BIREME/OPS/OMS
………. 4 …… 3… 21
Impact FactorDistribution
freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. % freq.Q1 0% 0% 0% 2 4% 1 2% 0% 3Q2 3 7% 2 4% 0% 1 2% 5 9% 6 11% 17Q3 10 22% 6 13% 13 26% 9 17% 10 19% 9 16% 57Q4 33 72% 40 83% 37 74% 40 77% 38 70% 40 73% 228Total 46 100% 48 100% 50 100% 52 100% 54 100% 55 100% 305
Quartil
Ano1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total
2004, Distribution of impact factor of LA&C journals indexed in ISI JCR,
Vicious circle
International system of scientific publication
journalsjournals
publisherspublishers
Prestige pyramidimpact factor
Prestige pyramidimpact factor
ISIThomson Scientific
ISIThomson Scientific
Authors/Evaluation systema adhere to
Vicious circle
authors
Impactfactor
publishers
Career/evaluationsystems
Four instances
Production of journals in developing countries is perceived as secondary scientific endeavour
Articlesindexed in
SciELO
Articlesindexed inISI SCIexp
Indexedin
Both
~55,000 articles with LA&C affiliation - projected for 2006
~43,000 articles~17,000 articles
~5,500 articles
LA&C/2006 - projected number of articles according indexing
~37,500 articles~11,500 articles
Indexedin
Both
Public Funding is provided for page charge for most of the articles and for most of the locally published journals
Public Funding is provided for page charge for most of the articles and for most of the locally published journals
SciELO – Scientific Electronic Library Online
Launched in Brazil in 1997 by a FAPESP-BIREME joint project
FAPESP The State of São Paulo Research Foundation
BIREME/PAHO/WHO Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences
CNPq (since 2002) National Research Council
Adopted by Chile in 1998 under the leadership of CONICyT CONICyT National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research
Evolved networking national and thematic collections since 2000
2005 – NIH Public Acces Policy
2003 – Directory of Open Acces Journal
2002 – HINARI
2001 – PLOS – Letter, Journal site in 2002
2000 – PubMED Central BioMed Central1999 – OAI
1998 – Virtual Health Library
1997 - SciELO Brazil, Chile PubMED - MEDLINE with open access
1993 – Bioline International
1991 – arXiv
OA - time line
2005 – NIH Public Acces Policy
2003 – Directory of Open Acces Journal
2002 – HINARI
2001 – PLOS – Letter, Journal site in 2002
2000 – PubMED Central BioMed Central1999 – OAI
1998 – Virtual Health Library
1997 - SciELO Brazil, Chile PubMED - MEDLINE with open access
1993 – Bioline International
1991 – arXiv
OA - time line
To improve quality of national and regional scholarly journals
visibilility
accesibilility
quality
credibilityuse
impact
Strategy:
Publish collections of selected journals in open access mode with integrated measure of use and impact
Select/Index quality journals complementing ISIS SCI and other international indexes
Links from articles with national and international information sources
Move journals from the status of local and regional towards the international flow of scientific information
SciELO: Specific Objective
Meta-publisher to promote improvement of journals quality
To improve quality of national and regional scholarly journals
visibilility
accesibilility
quality
credibility
use
impact
Strategy:
Publish collections of selected journals in open access mode with integrated measure of use and impact
Select/Index quality journals complementing ISIS SCI and other international indexes
Links from articles with national and international information sources
Move journals from the status of local and regional towards the international flow of scientific information
SciELO: Specific Objective
Meta-publisher to promote improvement of journals quality
Inter-operate with other networks
VirtualHealthLibrary
Information and Knowledge for the managementof science, technologyand innovation
Strategy:
Network ofNational and thematic collections
WHO is adopting the VHL Model for Global Health Libraryand ePORTUGUESe networks
WHO is adopting the VHL Model for Global Health Libraryand ePORTUGUESe networks
Institutions involved directly or indirectly in the networks
National and State Science Councils
Universities, Faculties and Research Institutes
Scientific Societies
International Organizations
National Academy of Sciences
Ministries of Education, S & T and Health
www.bireme.org
www.scielo.org
SciELO is promoted, developed, managed and operated as a network of
national and thematic collections of journals
SciELO, March 2007
Coleções Início Títulos Coleções Início TítulosArgentina 2004 24 Costa Rica 2000 9Brasil 1997 176 Mexico 2003 15Chile 1998 63 Peru 2004 21Colombia 2004 22 Portugal 2004 13Cuba 2001 20 Uruguay 2005 6Venezuela 2000 28 West Indian 2006 1Espanha 2001 31 Total 65Social Sciences 2006 28Saúde Pub 2000 8Total 400 Open access – interoperable
--- OAI protocol--- Web Services protocol
Open access – interoperable
--- OAI protocol--- Web Services protocol
Articlesindexed in
SciELO
Articlesindexed inISI SCIexp
Indexedin
Both
~55,000 articles with LA&C affiliation - projected for 2006
~43,000 articles~17,000 articles
~5,500 articles
LA&C/2006 - projected number of articles according indexing
GoogleScholar
etc. DOAJOAI
CVScienTI
CVScienTI
WorldCat
WorldCat
SciELOSciELO
PUBMEDMEDLINEPUBMEDMEDLINE
WoSWoS
LILACSLILACS
articleSciELOarticle
SciELO
maximize links – article as a portal
14%, February 2006
Top ten clicked, May 2006
1,00010,00050,000
100,000200,000500,000
1,000,0003,000,0006,000,000
10,000,000
Brazil
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1400000
1600000
Jan
Feb Mar Apr
May Ju
n Jul
Aug Sep OctNov Dec
2002
2003
2004
2005
SciELO Chile – articles downloaded 2002-2005
Onlineinter-library loan
Typical week operation of SciELO Brasil 6 – 11 abril
Países que mais visitam – 6-11 abril
social sciencesenglish edition
public healthEnglishSpanishPortugues
BrazilEnglishPortuguese
social sciencesenglish edition
public healthEnglishSpanishPortugues
BrazilEnglishPortuguese
SciELO Brasil, 2006, Impact Factor Revista de Saúde Pública
REVISTA DE SAUDE PUBLICA 0.5387 CADERNOS DE SAUDE PUBLICA 0.4583 ACTA BOTANICA BRASILICA 0.4574 CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 0.3468 REVISTA DO INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL DE SAO PAULO 0.3450 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIA AVICOLA 0.3333 FITOPATOLOGIA BRASILEIRA 0.3322 REVISTA DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA TROPICAL 0.3311 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ZOOTECNIA 0.3119 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE BOTANICA 0.3064 MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ 0.2951 NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 0.2801 PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 0.2692 DADOS 0.2647 PESQUISA AGROPECUARIA BRASILEIRA 0.2500 QUIMICA NOVA 0.2358 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 0.2346 REVISTA ESTUDOS FEMINISTAS 0.2143 REVISTA LATINO-AMERICANA DE ENFERMAGEM 0.2135
SciELO Brazil – 2004: Top Journal Impact factor 3-year based
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Year
Imp
ac
t F
ac
tor
Arq Neuro-Psiquiat
Braz J Med Biol Res
Dados
J Braz Chem Soc
Mem Inst O Cruz
Pesq Agropec Bras
Quim Nova
Fator de Impacto na Base ISI de Revistas SciELO que Estiveram Indexadas nas Bases SciELO e JCR desde 1998 até 2004
increasemedian
43%34%5%
21%29%22%11%43%29%64%
1998 2003 Increase
Arquivo Bras de Medicina Veterinária e Zoot 59 123 108%Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria 207 575 178%Brazilian J of Medical and Biological Res 1008 1830 82%Genetics and Molecular Biology 99 214 116%Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 187 523 180%Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 937 1805 93%Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 367 505 38%Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31 98 216%Química Nova 241 636 164%Revista de Saúde Pública 169 355 110%
Brazilian SciELO-JCR JournalsCitations received in JCR
ISI JCR, SciELO Brazil journals, citatations received in ISI JCR in 1998 and 2003
1998 2003 Increase
Arquivo Bra de Medicina Veterinária e Z 0,092 0,068 -26%Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria 0,141 0,316 124%Brazilian J of Medical and Biological Res 0,439 0,74 69%Genetics and Molecular Biology 0,25 0,31 6%Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 0,472 0,895 90%Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 0,474 0,688 45%Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 0,077 0,119 55%Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 0,122 0,176 44%Química Nova 0,322 0,6 86%Revista de Saúde Pública 0,134 0,223 66%
Brazilian SciELO-JCR JournalsImpact factor in JCR
ISI JCR, SciELO Brazil journals, impact factor in 1998 y 2003 and icrease in impact factor median of the journal category in ISI JCR
SciELO Brazil – collection development, 2006
CitaionsJournal received
1 LANCET 7127
2 REVISTA DE SAUDE PUBLICA 6856
3 MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ 6526
4 NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 6497
5 J OURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 6013
6 CIRCULATION 5764
7 SCIENCE 5570
8 NATURE 5515
9 PESQUISA AGROPECUARIA BRASILEIRA 5100
10 CADERNOS DE SAUDE PUBLICA 4480
11 JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION4253
12 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE4104
13 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ZOOTECNIA 3914
14 REVISTA DO INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL DE SAO PAULO3910
15 J OURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE 3889
16 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIA DO SOLO 3770
17 JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY 3752
18 PHYSICAL REVIEW 3319
19 REVISTA DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA TROPICAL3312
20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AME3189
……total 943297
SciELO Brazil – 20 titles most cited, julho 2006
JCRSciELO
rsp csp bwho spm gs rpsp resp rsap totalRev. Saúde Pública rsp 514 830 17 12 4 132 5 3 1517*Cad. Saúde Pública csp 259 1240 7 8 9 109 24 10 1666Bull World Health Organbwho 60 129 678 61 16 140 14 15 1113Salud pública Méx spm 32 44 8 396 7 57 29 10 583Gac Sanit gs 4 8 0 5 296 18 125 0 456*Rev Panam Salud Publicarpsp 51 174 5 27 8 181 10 9 465*Rev. Esp. Salud Publicaresp 4 6 1 9 44 10 131 0 205*Rev. salud pública rsap 0 13 0 1 5 3 3 21 46Total 924 2444 716 519 389 650 341 68 6051
cite
dciting
SciELO Public Health – distribution of citations among journals 2001-2005, june2006
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.fonte 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004FI SciELO 0,2803 0,3046 0,3121 0,3564 0,2871
FI SciELO + ISI 0,4459 0,5172 0,5665 0,5745 0,5215
Impact Factor SciELO + ISI
SciELO ISI
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 178 1.727 65 4 (6%) 0.123 0.155 0.279
Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery / Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular
49 497 65 0 0.136 0 0.136
Cadernos de Saude Publica 741 326 54 6 (11%) 0.232 0.020 0.253
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 20 55 78
8 (10,2%)
0.206 0.172 0.379
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 711 144 12 2 (17%) 0.112 0.216 0.328
Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 334 312 12 4 (33%) 0.298 0.183 0.482
São Paulo Medical Journal / Revista Paulista de Medicina 14 417 107 6 (5,6%) 0.063 0.126 0.189
Materials Research 7 410 17317
(10%)0.119 0.089 0.209
Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica 35 432 10020
(20%)0.154 0.113 0.268
ISI + SciELO IF 2001
ISI IF 2001
Articles cited (2001) ISI journals same category
(2001)
ISI journals with lower IF
(2001)
SciELO IF 2001
maximize links – article as a portal
Advancing …
ISIThomson Scientific
ISIThomson Scientific
journalsjournals
publisherspublishers
Prestige pyramidimpact factor
Prestige pyramidimpact factor
ISIThomson Scientific
ISIThomson Scientific
1
ScopusScopus
Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
SciELOSciELO
Articlesindexed in
SciELO
Articlesindexed inISI SCIexp
Indexedin
Both
SciELO Auto-Archive
Repository
Indexedin
Both
Same methodology--- markup--- links--- on the fly statistics of usage and impact
Same methodology--- markup--- links--- on the fly statistics of usage and impact
common searchcommon search
2
SciELO Brazil Open Access
Is public funding of 1 million dollars per year worthwhile?
150 journals online, about $6,500 per journal per year
9,811 new articles, about $100 per new article per year
60,000 articles total, about $16 per article online per year
27 million articles downloaded, about 3.7 cents per download
2005 indicators
Is it possible to become auto-sustainable ?
170 journals online, about $5,800 per journal per year
8,799 new articles, about $114 per new article per year
68,700 articles total, about $14,55 per article online per year
50 million articles downloaded, about 2 cents per download
2006 indicators
Is it possible to become auto-sustainable ?
SciELO Open Access Mode
Towards a sustainable framework
Government science, technology and innovation agencies and programs
Academic and scientific socities publishers
Sponsors
Authors
Private publishers
Brokers
SciELO as a meta-publisherSciELO as a meta-publisher
SciELO National Programs
Public available services for electronic publishing to lessen radically costs. Phasing out public funding for paper publishing
1
2
3 SciELO Autoarchive Repositories for peer-review articles published in non-SciELO journals
Thank you !
3
Open access in developing countries
young moviment – even unknown
ethical approach – results from research as public goods
different models
OA journasl , ex. SciELO
strong local and regional reception
prejudice persists internationally
preferences of communities
towards the globalization of scientific communication
Inte
rnet
Inte
rnet