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xAPI Key Features Andy Johnson xAPI Lead Problem Solutions LLC SETA contractor supporting the ADL Initiative 15 August 2016
xAPI Key Features
AndyJohnsonxAPILeadProblemSolutionsLLCSETAcontractorsupportingtheADLInitiative
15 August 2016
Experience APITracklearnerdataoflearningexperiences,broadlydefined
Enablemachine-readablecommunication(interoperability),storage,andaccessofthedata
15 August 2016
Generic FeaturesNaturallanguageallowscomprehendibleandextensiblevocabulary
Contextderivablefromspecificfields,metadata,history
Frameworkgoesacrossplatformsandtechnologies
15 August 2016
xAPI = DMSAuthority History
RecoveryAccountability
Process
15 August 2016
Statement
BiggestadvantageofxAPI isthatitismachineinterchangeable
Statements,thetrackedinformationinxAPI,areactor/verb/activitytriples– “IDidThis”
Thebasic“unit”ofxAPI
15 August 2016
Learning Record StoreStorageforall“LearningRecords”ofxAPI
Authenticationandauthorization,butnotverydefined(onpurpose)inspec
Canadd/retrievebasedonHTTPrequestsandlimitedqueryingcapabilities
Nomentionof“lifecycle”ofdata
15 August 2016
LRS ConformanceLRSConformanceservesneedofinteroperableLRS
Canalso“police”LearningRecordsbyrejectingwithErrorCodes
MayapplytoxAPI profilesinthefuture
15 August 2016
ResourcesAlsoknownas“Endpoints”,seenas“Sub-APIs”,ResourceshaveendpointswhereHTTPmethodsareallowedandhavedefinedbehavior
Stateinformationofthelearner,activities,andregistrationsaremaintained
Aswellasalltheaforementionedtransfermechanisms
15 August 2016
CommunicationStatementsareJSON
OtherResourcesusegenericDocuments
CommunicationviaHTTPRequests
15 August 2016
DocumentsContainsanidaswellasname/valuepairs
NotrestrictedtoJSON
Haslastmodificationdate
15 August 2016
Focus on StatementsEachStatementhasspecificproperties–Actor/Verb/Object
Differentrequirementssurroundingusage–mandatory/optional,somecontrolledvocabulary
Extensibleinsomeplaces
15 August 2016
ActorCanbeanindividualorgroup,doesn’thavetobehuman
Identifiedwithoneoffourkindsofuniqueids
Groupscanbeidentifiedoranonymous
15 August 2016
VerbTheactionduringthelearningexperience
Tightlycoupledwithtracking,averbshouldalwaysbeveryspecifictoexactmeaning,notjusta“token”
“Display”propertyusedtoallowdifferentlanguagesofthesameverb
15 August 2016
ObjectCalledthis“Activity”earlier,butcanbeActor,Statement,etc.
Eventhetype“activity”isbroad– couldbeavirtualworldobject.“AndydroveJeep”.
ActivityDefinitionallowsforrichmetadatathatmoves/liveswiththatactivity
15 August 2016
Community DefinedThespecdoesn’tdefinewhattheActors,Verbs,orObjects(evenLearningActivities)are
LeavethisuptoCommunitiesofPracticeandprofiles
Offervocabularyguidanceandbestpractices
15 August 2016
ResultMeasuredOutcomesrelatedtotheStatement
Abit“SCORMish”inthatsomeresultsarebuilt-in
Extensionsareexpectedtobeusedtotrackallnon-traditionaldata
15 August 2016
ContextPortionofStatementthatallowscontextualinformationtobesupplied
Thingslikeinstructor,registration,language,etc.
AlsoextensibletoallowCoPs tocreatetheirown
15 August 2016
Context FeaturescontextActivities interestinginitallowscategorizationofactivitiestosymbolizestructure
Canalsobeusedasa“tag”indefiningatype–recommendedforprofiles
ContextstatementcanrefertoanyStatementthatmaybeusefultoreferenceascontext
15 August 2016
Timestamp/StoredAbasicflowandknowledgeofwhenStatementsoccurredisimportant
StoredhelpstodifferentiatetheLRSsbiasonactuallyplacingtheStatementintostorage
NothinginxAPI “breaks”duetoTimestampsbeingunordered
15 August 2016
AuthorityAnActorthatassertsaStatementisvalid.ExpectedthatmostLearningRecordProviderswoulduseone.
Usesauthenticationtovalidatea“trusted”relationship.
Different,butalsousefulis“signing”anIndividualStatement
15 August 2016
AttachmentsSometimesthe“evidence”ofaLearningRecordissomethingbeyondwords(orjustalotofwords)
Definesusage,contentType,hash,andfileURL,amongothers
Hasn’tseensignificantadoptionyet
15 August 2016
Questions?AndyJohnsonxAPILeadProblemSolutionsLLCSETAcontractorsupportingtheADLInitiative
15 August 2016
