XI. Reproduction1. Asexual a. budding b. gemmules
formed in stress
conditions (contain
amoebocytes covered by hard outer coating)
XI. Reproduction2. Sexuala. Most monoecious =
• both sexes in same organism (hermaphrodites)• egg & sperm produced• cross fertilization (sperm from one
sponge fertilizes eggs from another sponge)
• egg + sperm => free-swimming larvae
XI. Reproduction
2. Sexual b. Some dioecious• Separate sexes • Egg OR sperm produced
Sponge releasing sperm
XII. Ecological Roles
A. Habitat for other aquatic animals
B. Food for some
XII. Ecological RolesC. Home use:
bathing, cleaning, home improvement, other
XII. Ecological RolesD. Medical research• Sponges do not get cancer. Why not?Maybe we can use what keeps them
from getting cancer to treat humans………..
Azure Vase Sponge
Giant Barrel Sponge
White Cryptic Sponge
Elephant Ear Sponge
Stove pipe sponge
Yellow Vase Sponges
Yellow Barrel Sponge
Red Branch Sponge
How deep would
the oceans be if there
were no sponges?