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XR Training Manual

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An insight into the new Salomon XR crossmax shoe.
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SALOMONRUNNING.COM XR 2011 TRAINING MANUAL
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Page 1: XR Training Manual

SALOMONRUNNING.COM

XR 2011tRaINING MaNUal

Page 2: XR Training Manual
Page 3: XR Training Manual

XR 2011tRaINING MaNUal

Page 4: XR Training Manual

xr crOSSMAx:hOw TO TeLL The STOry

if TrAiLS Are pArT Of yOur prOgrAM, The xr crOSSMAx iS yOur TrAiNiNg ShOe.

DOOR tO tRaIlthe xr crOSSMAx combines the best elements of road running shoes—guidance and neutral versions, cushioning and light weight construction—with the attributes one expects from Salo-mon trail running—stability, protection, traction and durability.

the xr crOSSMAx is the ideal shoe for runners who incorporate paved surfaces and trails in their training regimen.

running performance from dOOr TO TrAiL.

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tHE StORYtrail running shoes generally have a different lexicon from road running shoes. with trail running, we speak about traction and the surface that a runner frequents, the amount of protection the shoe embodies against rocks and how agile and stable the shoe is. with road running shoes, the conversation surrounds the individual—what kind of stride does the runner have, how many miles, how much cushioning they need.

Salomon xr crOSSMAx is the fi rst shoe to bring these conversations together. we are not only talking about stability, agility, light weight and traction as we have for years. we are now also able to provide the right solution for different runners’ needs, as well as the extra cushioning to accommodate harder surfaces. with both neutral and guidance versions, the xr crOSSMAx enables any runner to get an ideal training shoe for every day. the xr crOSSMAx is built to optimize performance from dOOr TO TrAiL.

if trails are part of your program, this is your training shoe.

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TiTLe:AddiTiONAL iNfOrMATiON

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TAbLe Of cONTeNTS

SalOMON HIStORY aND HERItaGE 8

SalOMON DNa: PERFORMaNCE lED DESIGN 10

RUNNING VS. tRaIl RUNNING 12

HOw FOOt MORPHOlOGY INFlUENCES SHOE CHOICE 14

HOw tHE tERRaIN INFlUENCES SHOE CHOICE 16

XR SOlUtIONS: GUIDaNCE aND NEUtRal 18

XR SOlUtIONS: PERFECt FIt 22

XR SOlUtIONS: PERFECt RIDE 24

XR SOlUtIONS: PERFECt GRIP 26

XR CROSSMaX VS. tHE COMPEtItION 28

SalOMON tRaIl RUNNING RaNGE 34

GlOSSaRY 36

SPORtS MaRkEtING & COMMUNICatIONS 44

Faq 46

Page 8: XR Training Manual

SALOMON:hiSTOry ANd heriTAge

iy

wHO IS SalOMON?Salomon has been making high performance technical equipment for more than 60 years. Salomon’s philosophy is to work closely with althetes to develop products that help them achieve their personal best.

‘79 Sx90 tHE REaR ENtRY SkI BOOt

‘57 TeNdeur LifT tHE RElEaSaBlE SkI BINDING

‘79 SNS tHE NORDIC SkI SYStEM

‘91 S 9000 tHE MONOCOqUE SkI

‘96 exiT LOw tHE lIGHt HIkING SHOE CatEGORY

‘98 x ScreAM tHE all MOUNtaIN SkI CatEGORY

‘98 rAid wiNd tHE MOUNtaIN RUNNING SHOE CatEGORY

‘99 TeNeighTy tHE FIRSt FREEStYlE SkI8

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‘01STL JAcKeT SOFtSHEll SkI

aPPaREl

‘02Tech AMphibiAN tHE aMPHIBIaN

SHOE CatEGORY

‘06SyMbiO/fuSiON SOFtSHEll FOOtwEaR

‘03erA3D SNOwBOaRD CONStRUCtION

‘07rOcKer INVERSED

CaMBER SkI

‘08SicK STicKBaMBOO SNOw-

BOaRD

‘08fALcON cS prO CUStOMSHEll

SkI BOOt

‘08xT wiNgS tRaIl RUNNING

FOOtwEaR

‘09S-LAb SKATe prO tHE NORDIC

SkI BOOt

‘11xr crOSSMAxDOOR tO tRaIl 9

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SALOMON dNA:perfOrMANce Led deSigN fOr AThLeTic OuTdOOrfiT experTiSe iN eVery SpOrTEvery new product we develop goes through a rigorous process of analysis, fi rst in the lab, then in the fi eld with hundreds of hours of athlete testing in different environments. In every sport, in every category, Salomon has established itself as the leader in fi t and performance footwear.- alpine Ski Boots- Nordic Ski Boots- Snowboard Boots- adventure travel Footwear- Hiking Footwear- trail Running Footwear

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IGN

lIGHt HIkING

CREatE aDVENtURE

RUNNING SPORt

tRaIl RUNNING IMPaCt

1992 1998 2001 20052002

RAID WIND

RAID RACEXA PRO

XA PRO 3D

WALK FAST

WALK FASTER

WALK & RUN RUN & WALK

RAID RACEXA PRO

Page 11: XR Training Manual

TrAiL ruNNiNg experTiSeSalomon has also established benchmark products in trail Running, like the Xa Pro 3D Ultra and, more recently, the Xt wings. Our original testing ground for trail Running was adventure Racing. as our reach has expanded across all areas of trail Running, so has our breadth of relationships within the sport. today, Salomon works with the most infl uential runners in the sport like Jonathan wyatt and kilian Jornet, along with hundreds of local ambassadors all over the world, to support the sport and vigilantly gather feedback to improve our products. these relationships led us to develop the latest innovation in running shoes: the XR Range.

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2008 2011

XT WINGS 5

XR CROSSMAX

RUN & WALK MOUNTAIN RUN PERFORMANCE TRAINING

XT WINGS 5

XR CROSSMAX

Page 12: XR Training Manual

ruNNiNg VS. TrAiL ruNNiNg:Key pOiNTS Of differeNce

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ROaD RUNNING SHOES aDaPt tO tHE BODY

Running shoes are light and breathable, cushioned, specifically designed for different foot mechanics, but they lack traction, agility and protection on trails.

RUNNING SHOE PURCHaSE CRItERIaRunning shoes, road running shoes or “white shoes” are purchased based on foot shape, mileage, flexibility, weight and mechanics (pronation or neutral gait). Emphasis is placed on cushion, ride and stability based on runner and fit. On the downside they lack traction, durability, precision or agility and protection from even the smallest trail debris.

RUNNING SHOE OUtSOlE/MIDSOlERoad shoes tend to feature cutouts or flex grooves for better flexibility, but they are also prone to pick up small rocks and debris, making them unacceptable for trail use. Outsoles can range from soft “blown rubber” (rubber made with a high air content to be soft and light but not durable) to “carbon rubber” (rubber with carbon or hardening agents added to make it durable but hard and heavy). Road outsoles are soft, light, wear out quickly and have poor traction everywhere except on the road.

RUNNING SHOE UPPERSRoad uppers often feature light air mesh for breathability and weight, but it isn’t durable and allows sand and dirt inside the shoe.

tHE XR CROSSMaX IS BEttER tHaN a ROaD SHOE DUE tO:- CONtaGRIP® SOlE FOR BEttER tRaCtION aND DURaBIlItY- OS tENDON FOR IMPROVED aGIlItY aND RIDE- tHREE-COMPOUND MIDSOlE PROVIDES MORE PROtECtION- SENSIFlEX FOR CONtROllED EXPaNSION OF tHE FOREFOOt

RIGHt FOOtOVERPRONatION

RIGHt FOOtUNDERPRONatION

RIGHt FOOt NEUtRal

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tRaIl RUNNING SHOES aDaPt tO tHE tERRaIN

trail shoes are agile, protective and stable, but they are typically heavy, not well-cushioned, and the ride is not appropriate for roads.

tRaIl RUNNING SHOE PURCHaSE CRItERIa trail shoes are usually chosen based on traction, protection from ground (rock) impact, upper protection/durability toe bumpers etc.. But in general trail shoes are heavy, infl exible, ride poorly, lack cushion or “run-ability” anyplace other than on trails.

tRaIl RUNNING SHOE OUtSOlE/MIDSOlE trail shoes usually feature hard rubber bottoms and fi rm infl exible midsoles, often reinforced with a tPU plate for protection from the ground. this lends to superior durability and grip on loose surfaces, but an unforgiving ride on the road.

tRaIl RUNNING SHOE UPPERS trail shoes often feature tough infl exible mesh that is heavier and doesn’t fi t as well, but is durable and lasts even when scraping against rocks or in bad conditions.

tHE XR CROSSMaX IS BEttER tHaN a tRaIl SHOE DUE tO:- RESPONSIVE MIDSOlE ENERGIZED BY OS tENDON PROVIDES tHE RIDE OF a ROaD SHOE- lIGHt wEIGHt CONStRUCtION- DEDICatED VERSIONS FOR NEUtRal RUNNERS OR PRONatORS- SENSIFlEX HElPS aVOID BUNIONS, REMaINS COMFORtaBlE OVER lONG MIlES

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hOw yOur fOOT MOrphOLOgy iNfLueNceS yOur ShOe chOice

The Key perfOrMANce iSSueS wiTh rOAd ruNNiNg ShOeS Are:

- MechANicS: Pronation occurs when the weight on the foot causes the bones to spread apart and absorb shock. Some pronation is natural to reduce the shock spread through the lower legs and connecting joints (like knees). Severe pronators require a motion control shoe, underpronators might require a softer shoe to encourage some pronation and absorb shocks to the lower leg. - STriKe: Some people strike heel first, others strike toe first. Heel strikers need a softer heel crash area, toe strikers might need more cushion in the forefoot area.- MiLeAge: though this may affect how much a runner invests in a single pair of shoes, it can also affect choices of cushioning.

MOST cONSuMerS ANd pubLicATiONS cATegOrize TheM by:- Neutral or motion control- amount of cushioning- weight- wide, normal, narrow

SuppOrT cONTiNuuM:

- Guidance shoes (also called stability or support shoes) provide additional medial and arch support for runners that tend to overpronate.- Neutral shoes (also called cushion shoes) are suited to people with efficient foot strike and higher / strong arches who need more cushioning and flexibility.

A wOrd AbOuT bArefOOT ruNNiNg:- Barefoot, or minimalist, running is increasingly popular in any running conversation today. Every manufacturer is now producing a shoe with little or no additional support. these are designed as training tools to help feet become stronger. - these “barefoot” minimalist shoes are generally not intended to replace running shoes but are a training aid for short to moderate distances.- the trend toward minimalist shoes has created a general trend toward less support in general among running shoe models. - there are risks to running barefoot, and even the most strident supporters prescribe small amounts of minimalist training. walking barefoot around a track can provide benefits to the feet with less risk than running barefoot.- Barefoot running on trails is not a good idea.

Roads are, for the most part, uniform. Roads are stable, relatively smooth surfaces—essentially any paved or compacted surface counts. the variable in road running is the stride. Since terrain does not dictate the stride, people follow their own biomechanics, longer or shorter stride, overpronation or underpronation, hard or soft heel strike, etc. For this reason, road shoes adapt to the user’s foot shape, weight and gait mechanics and have an emphasis on cushion, flexibility and ride (or transition). Road running shoes pay little attention to traction, durability, precision and agility, or protection from debris.

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cONTrOL motion control >> control >> guidance >> neutral >> cushioned >> lightweight/racing

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NOrMAL prONATiON the outside part of the heel makes initial contact with the ground. the foot “rolls” inward about fifteen percent, comes in complete con-tact with the ground, and can support your body weight without any problem. the rolling in of the foot optimally distributes the forces of impact. this movement is called “pronation,” and it’s critical to proper shock absorption. at the end of the gait cycle, you push off evenly from the front of the foot.

OVerprONATiON as with the “normal pronation” sequence, the outside of the heel makes the initial ground contact. However, the foot rolls inward more than the ideal fifteen percent, which is called “overpronation.” this means the foot and ankle have problems stabilizing the body, and shock isn’t absorbed as efficiently. at the end of the gait cycle, the front of the foot pushes off the ground using mainly the big toe and second toe, which then must do all the work.

uNderprONATiON the outside of the heel makes initial contact with the ground, but the inward movement of the foot occurs at less than fifteen percent (i.e., there is less rolling in than for those with normal or flat feet). Conse-quently, forces of impact are concentrated on a smaller area of the foot (the outside part), and are not distributed as efficiently. In the push-off phase, most of the work is done by the smaller toes on the outside of the foot.

fLAT fOOT a low–arched, overpronating foot is better at cushioning itself on landing than a high–arched, rigid foot. therefore a low–arched runner should select a shoe that places emphasis on stability rather than purely cushioning.

NOrMAL Arch Runners with normal arches typically experience minimal biomechan-ical problems and should select shoes from the structured cushioning category.

high Arch:a high-arched foot is also known as an underpronated foot. a run-ner with underpronating feet is more likely to experience shock trans-mission through the lower legs and should choose shoes from the cushioning category.

fOOT ShApe ANd MechANicS

*Pronation illustrations courtesy of runnersworld.com

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hOw The TerrAiN iNfLueNceS yOur ShOe chOicetrail running is unique because no two trails are exactly the same. Some are very steep and rocky, requiring significant protection and stability. Others are soft and undulating, perhaps muddy, requiring more aggressive tread. and our running styles change depending on the technicality of the trail, with shorter strides and more toe-strike on more technical trails. trail running shoes are typically protective and agile but lack the cushioning and ride that make them good for running anywhere other than trails.

The Key perfOrMANce iSSueS wiTh TrAiL ShOeS Are:

- AgiLiTy: How well does this shoe let me move my feet quickly? Does it let meplace them confidently? How light is the shoe? How precise?

- STAbiLiTy: Does this shoe remain stable when the surface is uneven or gravelly? Is it stable over rocky terrain? Usually this refers to the mid-sole and chassis of the shoe.

- prOTecTiON: Does the midsole protect me from sharp rocks on the trail? Is it waterproof? How padded is the collar?

- grip: Does the shoe grip on dry, rough terrain? Roots? Does it maintain traction in mud or wet conditions?

- durAbiLiTy: How long will this shoe last if it gets wet/muddy/dirty? How does it hold up against abrasion?

MOST cONSuMerS ANd pubLicATiONS cATegOrize TrAiL ruNNiNg ShOeS by:- traction | Protection | Stability | Durability | waterproof16

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Page 17: XR Training Manual

For confidence on any surface in any condition. AGILITY

To feel safe and supported while running anywhere (less fatigue and less risk of ankle injury).

STAbILITY

Total protection system against external factors (difficult terrains, stones, rocks, branches).

ProTecTIon

For the ability to run on smooth trails or pavement through the muddiest/rockiest conditions without losing your footing.

GrIP

The ability of a shoe to withstand the rigors of training every day in the harshest conditions.

DUrAbILITY

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xr crOSSMAx SOLuTiONS:guidANce ANd NeuTrAL VerSiONS

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XR CROSSMaX GUIDaNCE

SENSIFlEX an asymmetrical sensiflex allows

foot to expand in a controlled manner, increasing foothold specifically for

a pronator’s foot.

In the running shoe continuum, support goes from Motion Control (maximum support for heavy overpronation) to control, guidance, neutral, cushioned and finally to lightweight racing.

Guidance shoes, also commonly called stability or support shoes, offer a degree of control to a foot that overpronates. Neutral shoes, also called cushion shoes, are best suited to people with an efficient footstrike (due to a higher rigid arch) that need an emphasis on cushion and flexibility.

PRONatION CONtROl OS tENDON

Provides energy return and a smooth transition from heel strike to toe-off while

controlling pronation.

SENSIFIt™Extra layer of synthetic material

stitched over the welded SensifittM to provide an additional support saddle.

MIDSOlEDual density midsole shaped with more

material under the medial arch for increased pronation support.

cuShiONiNg

cONTrOL motion control >> control >> guidance >> neutral >> cushioned >> lightweight/racing

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MIDSOlENeutral midsole for a smoother, cushioned ride.

SENSIFlEXallows foot to expand, but in a controlled manner, increasing foothold.

NEUtRal OS tENDONProvides energy return and a smooth transition from heel strike to toe-off.

SENSIFIt™Symmetrical seamless Sensifit™ for perfect foothold.

Page 20: XR Training Manual

xr crOSSMAx SOLuTiONS:guidANce ANd NeuTrAL VerSiONSHOw tHE tENDONS DIFFER BY VERSION

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MUSClE REBOUND

MUSClE ESSENtIal

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OUtSOlE

XR CROSSMaX GUIDaNCEthe OS tendon (Oversize tendon) on the guidance version is placed more along the medial side of the shoe, mimicking a pronated foot’s path and gently guiding the foot back to a neutral position. Here it is designed to cause the shoe to return to a more neutral position during the foot-strike (when combined with all the other features in the shoe).

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XR CROSSMaX NEUtRalthe OS tendon (Oversize tendon) on the neutral version is placed along the strike path. Its stretchiness allows the foot to roll naturally and provides some spring or return during toe–off. It also connects the heel crash pad to the midsole.

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xr SOLuTiONS:perfecT fiT

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when runners train, the longer they stay out on the trail, the fl atter and wider their foot becomes. Combine that with bunions and callouses that develop after thousands of miles of training, and it’s no surprise that “perfect fi t” is globally listed as the most important benefi t of any running shoe for runners of any ability. Sensifl ex, when combined with Sensifi t™ and quicklace™, is the perfect combination of foothold and freedom. Foothold in the upper via Sensifi t™ and quicklace™ to answer the compulsory stability needs. Freedom through Sensifl ex where the foot collapses the most--the forefoot area.

SENSIFIt™: wRaPS tHE FOOt FOR a PRECISE, SECURE FIt.

Sensifi t™ cradles the foot from the midsole to the lace system, providing a stable, precise, snug fi t all around the instep. In XR Neutral and XR Guidance, the Sensifi t™ system is molded into the shoe, eliminating seams to reduce weight and guarantee comfort for miles to come.

qUICklaCE™: EaSY ON/OFF laCING SYStEM FOR CUStOM FIt.

Say goodbye to re-tying your laces with the one-pull system that can be adjusted on the fl y. quicklace™ is a single kevlar string fed through friction–free eyelets. as you pull, the lace closes evenly. lock in place with the stopper and stow the extra lace as well as the stopper in the lace pocket. It’s fast, light, comfortable and won’t loosen while you run.

SENSIFlEX: CONtROllED FOREFOOt COllaPSE.

Sensifl ex is a stretch panel with a tPU overlay that supports natural foot expansion in the upper forefoot area which naturally expands and changes as you progress through a run while still maintaining a snug fi t for increased control. Sensifl ex isolates this critical part of the forefoot and allows it to fl ex and expand as necessary while still maintaining support. It’s a revolutionary way of providing a snug, supportive fi t that adapts to the foot even as conditions and foot shape change.

Sensifi t™, quicklace™ and Sensifl ex act together as a system to provide the most advanced fi t for every foot and every run.

Page 23: XR Training Manual

- Sensifl ex (patent pending) is an extremely stretchy liner sewn inside of one piece of moisture–wicking material, combined with a tPU overlay for added control.

- It provides the foot a dry, seamless and abrasion–free workplace.

- the upper mesh is a 3-D sandwich mesh that is breathable and durable.

- Sensifl ex has stretchable mesh in the high abrasion/bunion area for foot comfort.

- Sensifl ex is covered with a tPU fi lm for support and control.

- this allows for both foothold and freedom but remains smooth and abrasion–free in the critical fi t/fl ex area.

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BUNIONS (HallUX ValGUS) aRE DUE IN PaRt tO IRRItatIONS OF tHE SOFt tISSUE.

BUNIONS OCCUR IN aBOUt 30% OF tHE POPUlatION OF MOSt wEStERN COUNtRIES—95% aFFECtED aRE wOMEN.

HOw SENSIFlEX wORkS wItH YOUR FOOt.

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xr SOLuTiONS:perfecT ride

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IDE

when runners discuss the traits they love most about their favorite running shoes, the concept of “ride” always comes up. Ride is best described as the smoothness of the transition from heel strike, through mid-foot plant to toe–off. a good ride will lack dead spots and have a smooth, consistent rolling from touchdown to toe–off no matter if you are a heel striker or mid-foot/forefoot striker. a sure sign of a poor transition (or “ride”) is the slapping sound you sometimes hear when people have the wrong shoes.

OS tENDONthe OS tendon (Oversized tendon) is a band of stretchy tPU placed between the midsole and outsole that connects the heel crash pad (muscle cushion) to the midfoot (muscle essential) and forefoot (muscle rebound) to better guide the foot through the entire footstrike, provide a homogeneous ride and some return or “snap” on toe–off.

- MuScLe: Soft EVa compounds used to provide the cushioning of the shoe, the muscle is essentially defi ned by 3 areas within the midsole.

Used in the heel crash area. this material has more shock absorbent properties for a soft landing. Used in the mid-foot. this material is both shock-absorbent and springy, durable and light. In the forefoot of both XR shoes. a more springy material for better rebound.

MUSClE REBOUND

MUSClE ESSENtIal

OS tENDON

MUSClE CUSHION

OUtSOlE

HOw DO tHE tENDONS DIFFER BY VERSION?NEUtRal VERSIONthe OS tendon (oversize tendon) on the neutral version is placed along the strike path. Its stretchiness allows the foot to roll naturally and provides some spring or return during toe–off. It also con-nects the heel crash pad to the midsole.

GUIDaNCE VERSIONthe OS tendon on the guidance version is placed more along the medial side of the shoe, mimicking a pronated foot’s path and gently guiding the foot back to a neutral position. Here it is designed to cause the shoe to return to a more neu-tral position during the footstrike (when combined with all the other features in the shoe).

MUSClE REBOUND

MUSClE ESSENtIal

OS tENDON

MUSClE CUSHION

OUtSOlE

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ENERGY REtURN**Highest value = best energy return.

Measures the % of energy released after each stride.

FlEXIBIlItY**lowest value= best fl exibility.

Measures the energy used for a fl ex of 20mm.

ENERGY REtURN aND FlEXIBIlItY*

*Highest value = best fl exibility and energy return.

Measures the combination of effort needed to fl ex the shoe over the

normal range of motion for running and the amount of return or “snap”

given back during toe–off.

XR CROSSMaX’S PERFECt RIDE

xr crOSSMAxguidANce

aDIDaSRIDE 7

aDIDaSSEqUENCE

BROOkSCaSCaDIa 4

xr crOSSMAxNeuTrAL

xr crOSSMAxguidANce

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aDIDaSSEqUENCE

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aDIDaSSEqUENCE

BROOkSCaSCaDIa 4

xr crOSSMAxNeuTrAL

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One of the defi ning characteristics of a trail–worthy shoe is the traction or grip on the outsole. Spend 20 minutes in a running store and observe how consumers evaluate shoes on the shelf. when they look at road shoes, they poke the midsole with their thumb to perceive cushion, fl ex the toe box, feel the weight... but with a trail shoe, the #1 thing someone will always do fi rst is fl ip the shoe over and observe the traction of the outsole. why? Because anyone who runs off road knows that all the cushion and stability in the world is useless if you are on your ass. trail runners experience wet grass, leaves, mud, loose gravel, sandy trails, and other ground surfaces that demand a higher degree of traction. Running on the road is predictable. Running on trail requires the shoe to hold the ground in off–camber and steep, hilly climbs and descents.

Perfect grip can hold the ground in almost any condition off road and still feel comfortable and cushioned on smooth or hard surfaces.

CONtaGRIP®

Contagrip® is a mix between density, compound and geometry to optimize grip and durability for each surface and activity. Salomon has optimized the specifi c compounds and patterns of Contagrip® on XR Neutral and XR Guidance for maximum durability, grip, and low weight.

xr SOLuTiONS:perfecT grip

degree Of TOughNeSS: • 2 different densities of hardness to optimize grip

durability. • Several layers of material for different areas of the

sole.

cOMpOSiTiON Of The MATeriAL:• Optimal combination of more than 20 components.• A combination of materials adapted to every type

of terrain and activity.

TreAd pATTerN:• Lug confi gurations provide superior traction for both acceleration and braking.• Increased surface area for better traction on slick surfaces.

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CHEVRON PattERNthe new Contagrip® chevron design is based on the design of tractor tires and how they work to provide superior traction over loose surfaces. the new chevron shape is patented and Chevron® is registered to Salomon for this design/purpose.

Contagrip® uses 65 shore a hardness rubber for the forefoot (contragrip lt) and 70 shore a in the heel impact area for durability (contragrip Ha).

CONtaGRIP® ON tHE XR CROSSMaXthe Salomon Contagrip® outsole is known as one of the best outsoles on the outdoor market. For SS11 and the XR Crossmax, Salomon has once again upped the ante.

cONTAgrip® LT: lightweight compound with outstanding traction on all surfaces, wet or dry.

cONTAgrip® hA (high AbrASiON):Extremely durable compound used on the parts of the shoe that get the most wear.

the lug confi guration on both versions follows the stride pattern and provides far superior traction on loose surfaces and mud to any road shoe. Chevrons are placed backwards in the heel area for increased braking capability when running down hills.

Because the lugs are lined up along the stride and out of the deep fl ex grooves, the shoe rolls (rides, transitions) well on smooth surfaces (like, road). this is usually a real weakness of trail shoes.

the new Contagrip® shape also increases surface area of the ground contact by 15% over the old one (on the speedcross), so it will be more durable and grip better on slick surfaces. 27

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tRaCtIONlIGHtwEIGHtRUNaBIlItYDURaBIlItY

SUPPORtDURaBIlItY

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xr crOSSMAx VS. The cOMpeTiTiON

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XR CROSSMaX NEUtRal ¤125/$130weighT: 11.3 OZ (SIZE 9)

cATegOry: CUSHIONINGMidSOLe: tPU + OS tENDON

fiT: SENSIFIt™, SENSIFlEX, SEaMlESS UPPEROuTSOLe: CONtaGRIP®

reLeASe dATe: SPRING 2011updATe: NO

XR CROSSMaX GUIDaNCE ¤130/$130weighT: 12 OZ (SIZE 9)cATegOry: GUIDaNCE

MidSOLe: tPU + OS tENDONfiT: SENSIFIt™, SENSIFlEX, SEaMlESS UPPER

OuTSOLe: CONtaGRIP®

reLeASe dATe: SPRING 2011updATe: NO

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aSICS GEl SENSOR 3 ¤115/$110:weighT: 12.1 OZ (SIZE 9)cATegOry: StaBIlItYMidSOLe: SOlYtE® MIDSOlE MatERIalfiT: INNER lOCk laCING SYStEMOuTSOLe: NON-BRaNDEDreLeASe dATe: aVaIlaBlEupdATe: REPlaCES GEl SENSOR 2

prO: PRICE,cON: wEIGHt, NO GUIDaNCE VERSION, tRaDItIONallY StItCHED UPPER

aDIStaR SUPERNOVa RIOt ¤115/$110weighT: 12.6 OZ (SIZE 9)cATegOry: StaBIlItYMidSOLe: CMEVa wItH FORMOtION™ IN HEEl:fiT: GEOFIt® CONStRUCtIONOuTSOLe: aDIwEaR®--MIX OF CaRBON RUBBER wItH BlOwN RUBBERreLeASe dATe: aVaIlaBlE

prO: PRICEcON: wEIGHt, NO NEUtRal VERSION, tRaDItIONallY–StItCHED UPPER

: 12.6 OZ (SIZE 9)cATegOry: StaBIlItYMidSOLe: CMEVa wItH FORMOtION™ IN HEEl:

: GEOFIt®: GEOFIt®: GEOFIt CONStRUCtIONOuTSOLe: aDIwEaR®--MIX OF CaRBON RUBBER wItH BlOwN RUBBERreLeASe dATe: aVaIlaBlE

: PRICE

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NIkE tRIaX tRaIl ¤130/$105weighT: 354G/12.5 OZ (SIZE 9)cATegOry: StaBIlItYMidSOLe: 2 DENSItY CMEVafiT: tRaDItIONal laCINGOuTSOLe: NON-BRaNDED, SOFt RUBBERreLeASe dATe: aVaIlBlE

PRO: GOOD ROaD SHOECON: tRaCtION, DURaBIlItY, wEIGHt, NO NEUtRal VERSION

MONtRaIl ROCkRIDGE ¤100/$100weighT: 323g/11.4 OZ (SIZE 9)cATegOry: CUSHIONMidSOLe: SINGlE DENSItY CMEVafiT: tRaDItIONal laCINGOuTSOLe: GRYPtONItEtM RUBBERreLeASe dATe: SPRING ‘10

prO: PRICEcON: NO GUIDaNCE VERSION, tRaDItIONal laCES

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MIZUNO waVE CaBRakaN ¤135/$130weighT: 360 g/12.7 OZ (SIZE 9)cATegOry: STAbiLiTy +MidSOLe: CMEVa wItH “waVE PlatE” tECHNOlOGYfiT: tRaDItIONal laCINGOuTSOLe: X10tM SOlID RUBBERreLeASe dATe: SEPtEMBER 2009

prO:cON: wEIGHt, NO NEUtRal VERSION, tRaDItIONallY StItCHED UPPER

tHE NORtH FaCE DEVIl’S tHUMB ¤120/$130weighT: 411g/14.5 OZ (SIZE 9)cATegOry: NeuTrALMidSOLe: CMEVa w/ “tHRUSt” CHaSSISfiT: tRaDItIONal laCINGOuTSOLe: NON-BRaNDED, SOlID RUBBERreLeASe dATe: aVaIlaBlE

prO: PRICEcON: tRaCtION, FIt, wEIGHt, tRaDItIONal UPPER, NO GUIDaNCE VERSION

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BROOkS CaSCaDIa ¤100/$120weighT: 340 G/12 OZ (SIZE 9)cATegOry: NEUtRalMidSOLe: CMEVa wItH HYDROFlOw aND tPU PlatEfiT: tRaDItIONal laCINGOuTSOLe: ONE PIECE SOlID RUBBERreLeASe dATe: aVaIlBlE

PRO: MaRkEt lEaDER tODaY IN RUNNING SPECIaltY tRaIlCON: NO StaBIlItY VERSION, NON-wElDED UPPER, NORMal laCES, StIFF FlEX

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TrAiL prAcTiceS

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RUN-HIkE all tERRaINRUNNING

MOuNTAiN expLOrerPREFERRING SUStaINED ENDURaNCE RaCING, OFF–tRaIl EXPlORING aND MUltI–DaY RUNNING EPICS.

urbAN AdVeNTurerlOOkING FOR tHE UltIMatE OFF–ROaD RUNNING SHOE.

XA XT

AGILE CHASSIS SYSTEM

AGILITY.CUSHIONING.

CONTROL

CUSHIONING

ENERGYRETURN

PROTECTION. STABILITY. DURABILITY.

3D STABILITY

COMFORT

ALL-MOUNTAIN TRACTION

PROTECTION

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DOOR tO tRaIl

RaCE

rAcerS ANd TrAiNerSENGaGED IN PERFORMaNCE tRaINING FROM DOOR tO tRaIl.

rAcerSIN PERFORMaNCE RaCING.

LIGHTWEIGHT

XR RACING

VERSATILITY.LIGHTWEIGHT.RUNABILITY.

MUSClE REBOUND

MUSClE ESSENtIal

OS tENDON

MUSClE CUSHION

OUtSOlE

MUSClE REBOUND

MUSClE ESSENtIal

MUSClE CUSHION

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10%: 10% Rule is a general guideline that says don’t increase your weekly mileage by more than about 10% each week.

40-30-30: Dietary regimen where a runner gets 40% of calories from carbohydrates, 30% from fats and 30% from protein.

Aerobic: with oxygen; usually used to describe exercise of low to moderate intensity.

Aerobic capacity: also called VO2max; maximum amount of oxygen that can be utilized by the body; also describes a type of training that increases the amount of oxygen that can be utilized, i.e. aerobic Capacity Intervals.

Aerobic conditioning: training that improves endurance.

Agion™ antimicrobial treatment: agion™ antimicrobial treatment suppresses odors, prevents growth of fungus. No harmful ingredients makes it environmentally friendly.

Anaerobic: Generating energy without oxygen. lactic acid in working muscles is a by product of anaerobic energy generation.

Anaerobic capacity: Maximum amount of energy that can be produced without requiring oxy-gen; also describes a type of training that increases the amount of energy that can be pro-duced, i.e. anaerobic Capacity Intervals.

Anaerobic Threshold: see “lactate threshold”.

Anterior: Front.

Asymmetrical Sensiflex: For Guidance shoes, Sensiflex is asymmetrical to enable proper movement of metatarsal heads and comfortably assist with motion control.

bandit: Someone who runs in a race who hasn’t registered. this is frowned upon.

bioelectrical impedance/infrared: Method of determining percent body fat where an electrical impulse or infrared light is put through the body; easy to use but approximately 3-6% error possible.

biomechanics: Study of the function of the body in relation to movement; especially important for repetitive movement sports like running; poor biomechanics can lead to injury.

body composition: Usually relating to the percent of the body comprised of lean tissue (bone, muscle, water, etc.) or fat tissue; 17% or less body fat is recommended for men; 24% or less body fat is recommended for women.

bonk: to run out of energy; to “hit the wall” ... It’s not fun.

bQ: to Boston qualify; the Boston Marathon requires runners to meet a certain time standard based on gender and age. For example, to Bq, a 18 year–old male must run a marathon in 3 hours 10 minutes and 59 seconds or faster.

c25K: Couch to 5k or C25k is a beginners running plan. Couch 2 5k site.

carbo-loading: the dietary practice of eating a high–carbohydrate diet (approximately 60-70% of total calories) for the three days leading up to a race to maximally fill the glycogen stores.

chromium picolinate: Supplement to help aid in the burning of fat; little scientific evidence to support its claims.

cONTAgrip® hA: Contagrip® High abrasion provides added durability in the areas where soles typically wear out. e.g. heel strike area.

contagrip® LT: Contagrip® light weight provides superior grip on all surfaces while maintaining low weight.

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creatine Monohydrate: Supplement designed to maximally fill the creatine phosphate stores (fuel for explosive movements like sprinting); little scientific evidence of its beneficial effects for distance runners.

cross-Training: activities such as swimming and cycling that are used to increase conditioning and injury prevention for running or as a means of adding variety to workout schedule.

cruise intervals: type of workout to improve the lactate threshold; usually repetitions of 800 meters to 2-miles performed at the lactate threshold speed with short recoveries .

cushioning: the ability of a shoe to minimize the shock of running. while all running shoes have cushioning, highly cushioned shoes are usually designed for under-pronators (or supinators) who need additional shock absorption and maximum flexibility.

die cut eVA: Provides excellent step-in cushioning.

die cut eVA & pu midsole/outsole: allows for cushioning and weight reduction.

dual density eVA: Dual density midsoles provide superior cushioning, stability, and motion con-trol.

electrolytes: Minerals such as sodium, chloride and potassium that are used for normal bodily functions. these minerals are lost when the body sweats and are replaced through food and fluids.

endorphins: Chemicals in the brain which create a feeling of euphoria; said to be the cause of the “runner’s high”.

fartlek: Swedish word for speedplay; workout includes faster running mixed with slower run-ning; adds variety to training and can be performed in any setting.

fast Twitch: type of muscle fiber (cells which compose the muscles) which contract rapidly and powerfully but fatigue quickly.

fat: Essential nutrient of body found in oils and meats; should comprise approximately 30% of calories in a runner’s diet; overconsumption leads to increases in body fat; can be of three types- saturated, poly-unsaturated, and mono-unsaturated.

fat-burning: Used to describe an exercise intensity which burns the most fat; science is still debating the appropriate intensity for maximal fat-burning.

foot Strike: Foot strike refers to how your foot initially impacts the ground as you run. there are heel strikers, midfoot strikers and forefoot strikers.

gA: General aerobic, which means running slower than vlt (see Physiological terms).

ghost runner: Someone (imagined or not, as the case may be) who is on your heels and about to pass you, used for motivation to keep up the pace.

glucose: Basic sugar; form of sugar into which all carbohydrates are first converted and appear in the blood.

glycogen: the form in which carbohydrates are stored in the body. there are two main stores of glycogen: the liver and the muscles. when glycogen stores are depleted athletes fatigue, “hit the wall”, “bonk”. Stores can be maximally filled by eating a high carbohydrate diet leading up to an event.

gMp: Goal marathon pace.

gusseted tongue: Connected tongue will not move out of place on longer runs. lightweight material does not bind or chaffe.

half-marathon: 13.1 miles; 21.1k.

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hamstring Strain: Micro-tears of the large muscles of the back of the thigh; can be treated by ice and stretching and strengthening exercises.

heart rate reserve: (HRR or HRres) is the difference between HRmax and RHR (HRmax - RHR = HRR). Some runners base training on percent of HRR instead of HRmax.

hills: workouts where a runner runs up a hill fast, jogs down, then runs up again; helps develop leg power and aerobic capacity.

hrM: Heart rate monitor.

iAAf: International amateur athletic Federation; world-wide organization that governs run-ning.

insole: the removable inner part of a running shoe that sits on top of the midsole and provides better fit, added cushioning and arch support.

intervals: type of workout where a set distance is run repeatedly with a recovery jog between; for example, 6 times 400 meters with 100 meters recovery jog.

iOc: International Olympic Committee; world-wide organization which governs the Olympic Games.

iTbS: Illiotibial band syndrome (ItBS) is inflammation of the illiotibial band which runs on the outside of the leg from the hip to just below the knee. the injury most often occurs where the band crosses over the outside of the knee but can also occur at the hip.

Junk Miles: Runs used to reach a weekly or monthly mileage total rather than for a specific benefit.

Kick: kick is usually used as in “finishing kick” simply means running harder at the finish line, the last final sprint.

L-carnitine: Supplement to help add in the burning of fat; little scientific evidence to support its claims.

Lace pocket: Small pocket located at the top of the tongue to stuff quicklace™ stopper and extra lacing so they are secure and out of the way.

Lactate Threshold: the running intensity where lactic acid begins to rapidly accumulate in the blood; also called anaerobic threshold; lactate threshold speed is your 10k race pace plus 5-20 seconds or a heart rate zone between 85-89% of maximum.

Lactic Acid: a by-product of the body’s use of carbohydrates; usually associated with muscle stiffness and burn after a hard workout.

Last: Can refer to two different features of a shoe; the first is the construction of the shoe or the way the shoe’s upper is attached to the midsole. there are three major types of construction: straight, semi-curved or curved. a curved last turns inward from the heel to toe, a straight last has little or no curve and a semi-curved last is somewhere in between.

Lateral: Referring to the outer side (or little toe side) of a shoe.

Log: a record of your training and running that helps you stay motivated, monitor your prog-ress and spot trends in your running.

Long runs: longest run of the week; usually on the weekend.

LSd: long slow distance or long steady distance.

Marathon: 26.2 miles; 42.2k.

Master: a runner 40 years of age or older.

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Maximal heart rate: (HRmax or MHR) means the maximum heart rate that can be reached while running. training intensities are often determined by percent of HRmax.

Medial: the inner side (or arch side) of a shoe.

Medial post: Denser midsole material (often gray) added to the medial (or arch side) of the midsole to provide stability and control excessive pronation.

Mhr: Maximum heart rate.

Microfiber: a tightly woven fabric that’s extremely lightweight and soft; notable for its wind and water resistance, ability to wick moisture and quick dry time.

Midsole: the part of the running shoe between the upper and outsole that provides cushioning and support. Most midsoles are made of either EVa (ethylene vinyl acetate) or polyurethane foam. EVa is lighter and more flexible than polyurethane, but it is not as durable. It can come in various densities with gray-colored EVa being denser than white. the denser, gray EVa is usu-ally placed along the medial side of the shoe to provide stability and motion control and is often referred to as a “medial post.” Some midsoles have additional cushioning technology such as air, gel, grids, etc.

Minerals: Essential nutrient of body; must be ingested in the correct amounts in the body; aid in the processes which use the other nutrients and compose some of the structures of the body; may be obtained through diet or supplementation; overconsumption can be toxic.

Molded eVA: Midsole that provides lighweight cushioning and stability.

Motion control: the ability of a shoe to limit overpronation and provide stability.

Mp: Marathon pace.

MpM: Minutes per mile.

Mpw: Miles per week.

Mud guard: Protective material all around the base of the shoe.

Muscle Soreness: Pain, stiffness, and soreness in a muscle due to microscopic tears of the muscle usually due to doing more work than the muscle is used to (also called DOMS or delayed onset muscle soreness).

Negative Splits: Negative splits refers to running the second half of the race faster than the first. the opposite of negative splits is positive splits where you run the first half faster than the second. Even splits would be running essentially the same time (within 2-3%) for both halves of the race.

Non–marking running contagrip®: Combining several different hardness combinations of Con-tagrip®, Salomon’s adventure running outsoles provide the perfect blend of grip and durability to cover mixed terrain at high speeds. Designed with specifically placed forefoot flex grooves, self–cleaning, multi-directional lugs, and defined toe–off and braking lugs these outsoles are field– tested and race proven to dynamically tackle any terrain.

Optimized fit for women: tested by and for women. Specific last, collar shape and sole hard-ness based on women’s input.

OrthoLite®: Ortholite® sockliner combines a specific Ortholite® foam and an EVa heel cup. Ortholite® foam creates a cooler, drier, healthier, better cushioned environment under the foot. It will not break down or lose effectiveness over time. Recycled tire content to protect the envi-ronment. EVa heel cups allows for a better heel support and added cushioning.

Orthotics: Inserts placed inside shoes to correct biomechanical problems.

OS Muscle: EVa Midsole designed with 3 components (Cushion, Essential, Rebound) provides shock absorbtion and rebound for a smooth transition and superior ride.

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OS Tendon: Stretchy band of tPU running from the heel crash area through the forefoot, ex-tends and snaps back into place to provide a smooth, lively ride.

Out and back: a course you run out a certain distance, then turn around and run back. a loop is simply that: you start in one spot and run in a big circle. Point to point means a course that begins and ends at widely separated locations.

Outsole: the bottom-most layer of most running shoes; the layer that contacts the ground and provides traction.

Overpronation: where your foot rolls over to the inside too far during the running stride, which can lead to an injury such as ItBS. Usually you can tell you’re overpronating if you have exces-sive wear on the inside part of the forefoot of the shoe.

Overtraining: Condition when runner trains too much too soon and suffers from fatigue, injury and/or burn-out.

Oxygen debt: a state where the energy demand is greater than what can be provided by oxy-gen resulting in heavy breathing to consume more oxygen.

pace: Measure of the speed of running; usually quantified as minutes taken to run a mile; for example a runner may run a 7 minute mile.

peak: Scheduling your training so that your best performance is timed for a goal race or event.

pf: Plantar fasciitis.

piriformis Syndrome: Pain in the buttocks resulting from a tight piriformis muscle pressing against the sciatic nerve; can be treated by stretching exercises for the buttocks.

plantar fasciitis: Foot injury where there are micro-tears of the arch; especially painful in the morning; can be treated by stretching the arch and calves; massage with hands or rubbing foot on golf ball or shaving cream can; if untreated can lead to heel spurs (spur of bone from the heel bone).

positive energy return: a technology in the shoe’s outsole that enables foot cushioning and a acts like a spring to send the energy back to the body.

posterior: Back.

pr/pb: PR and PB refer to the same basic thing: running your Personal Best or setting a Per-sonal Record. For example, “I ran a PR in that race” means I ran my fastest time ever at that distance. You can have multiple PRs, say for a course or a distance or even for the year. You decide.

pronation: the natural, inward roll of the foot; pronation begins when heel contacts the ground; the foot then rolls inward to absorb shock and transfer weight to the ball of the foot as it pre-pares to push off. It is a natural and necessary motion for running and walking.

pronation control: Comes from a combination of dual density midsole, shape of outsole, and placement of OS tendon to assist normal mechanics and heel strike through the stride.

protein: Essential nutrient of body found in meats, eggs, dairy products, beans and nuts; should comprise approximately 15-25% of calories in a runner’s diet; converted into the body’s struc-tures-bones, muscles, organs, etc.; overconsumption is converted to fat.

pyruvate: Supplement to help add in the burning of fat; little scientific evidence to support its claims.

Quarters: Jargon for a quarter mile or 400 meters; often used when describing workouts where runners run 400-meter (or quarter) repeats.

Quicklace™: Minimalistic and strong lace for one-pull tightening. Easy-on, easy-off.

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rabbit: Rabbit is someone who goes out with the intention of setting a fast pace in a race, but then often drops out.

recovery runs: Slow to moderate running to recover from hard workouts or races and/or maintain aerobic conditioning.

repeats: See “Intervals”.

resting heart rate: the number of times your heart beats per minute when you are relaxed and still; usually measured first thing in the morning before getting out of bed.

rhr: Resting heart rate.

rice: an acronym for rest, ice, compression and elevation; a procedure for treating certain inju-ries.

ride: a term used to describe a shoe’s ability to smoothly transfer a runner’s weight from heel-strike to toe-off.

road Kill: a runner who has been passed by a faster runner during a race.

road races: Running contests over streets; all runners can participate.

roger bannister: the first person to break 4 minutes for the mile.

rr: Race report.

rrcA: Road Runners Clubs of america; organization to which most running clubs in the US belong; provide information and resources for running clubs.

runner’s high: Feeling of euphoria some runners feel after a long, hard run or race (see En-dorphins).

runner’s Knee: knee pain usually caused by the knee cap not sliding properly during move-ment; may be related to muscular imbalances within the thigh muscles; can be treated with strengthening exercises for weak muscles (usually the inner thigh muscle).

runner’s Trots: Runner’s trots refer to gastrointestinal problems on the run.

running economy: Running economy is a measure of the amount of oxygen used to run a given pace. More economical runners use less oxygen to run a specific pace than do less economical runners. Running economy is improved through training.

Sciatica: Pain running from the low back to the toes related to pressure on the large nerve in-nervating this areathe sciatic nerve; should be evaluated by physician.

Second wind: Feeling of more energy and less effort some runners feel after 15-20 minutes of running.

Sensifit™: Sensifit™ system works to cradle the foot, providing a precise and secure fit.

Sensiflex: Stretch material placed over the forefoot area to enable freedom while providing comfortable support. Reduces incidence of bunions and callouses over the forefoot.

Sfx: Stress fracture.

Shin Splints: Pain anywhere between your knee and your ankle. they are more of a symptom of an underlying condition than a condition in itself. the problem could be a stress fracture, medial tibial stress syndrome, compartment syndrome, inflammation of connective tissue (periosteum) known as periostitis ... Multiple causes, multiple solutions, even possibly multiple injuries might be causing shin splints. Very common, especially in new runners. Shin splints are typically manifested as anterior (front of lower leg) or medial (inside, facing the other leg) pain. a pain in the back of your lower leg is not shin splints; it’s probably a calf strain.

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gLOSSAry:(S tO Z)

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Skinfold calipers: Process of determining body composition where several folds of skin are measured for thickness and then used to calculate percent body composition.

Slow Twitch: type of muscle fiber (cells which compose the muscles) that contracts slowly but can perform for a long time.

Speed work: Short, fast intervals with recovery jogs between; increases your leg turnover and maximizes your stamina and race confidence.

Split Times: Denotes the time it takes to run a portion of a total run (often measured at mile markers or other distinctive points along the way); for example, a runner may run a 7 minute split.

Stability: the ability of a shoe to resist excessive motion; usually used to describe shoes de-signed for neutral runners or mild over-pronators.

Stamina: Your ability to combine speed and endurance.

Stitch: Stitch is a side cramp, usually on the right side.

Strength Training: Movements against resistance to develop muscular strength; usually weight training/lifting weights.

Stress fracture: Stress fracture is a hairline crack in a bone.

Stretch Air Mesh: Very light, very breathable mesh material that stretches around the foot for maximum comfort.

Stretching: Movements designed to increase a muscle’s flexibility; best method is still being debated, but it appears that consistently stretching is the key to increasing flexibility.

Strides: Short, fast but controlled runs lasting 15-45 seconds followed by full recovery; benefits include faster leg turnover and improvements in running form.

Supination: See “Underpronation”.

Taper: taper is where a runner cuts back mileage before a big race like a marathon or even a shorter race. tapering runners often get cranky and/or sort of paranoid since they aren’t run-ning as much, leading to jokes about “taPER MaDNESS.”

Tempo runs: type of workout to improve the lactate threshold; usually consists of 15-30 min-utes of running at the lactate threshold speed.

Tendinitis: Inflammation of a tendon. tendons connect muscles to bones. tendinitis due to run-ning can occur in a runner’s groin area, buttocks, legs, feet and lower joints. ItBS is a common form of tendonitis.

The wall or hitting the wall: a state of exhaustion when your body runs out of glycogen or energy; usually around the 20 mile point in a marathon (also “Bonk”)

Toebox: the front portion of a shoe. also known as the forefoot.

Track: Measured oval where races of varying distances are contested; usually measure 400 meters around; 4 laps equals approximately 1 mile.

Triple density eVA: triple density midsoles provide superior cushioning, stability, and motion control.

ultra-marathon: Races longer than a marathon (26.2 miles).

underwater weighing: Process of determining body composition where a person’s weight, while submerged in water, is used to calculate percent body composition; considered the best method for calculating percent body fat.

upper: the top portion of the shoe, usually made of leather, synthetic leather or mesh material.

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uSATf: USa track and Field. National governing body for running in the US.

V02Max: aerobic capacity or VO2Max is the maximal amount of oxygen that a person can extract from the atmosphere, send to the body’s tissues, and consume to produce energy. You can use your current VO2Max to estimate your times for intervals, for example. (Find your vo-2max by entering a recent race or run time.)

Vitamins: Essential nutrient of body; must be ingested in the correct amounts in the body; aid in the processes which use the other nutrients; may be obtained through diet or supplementa-tion; overconsumption can be toxic.

VLT: vlt is the velocity or pace at which lt (lactate threashold) is reached.

VO2max: also called maximal aerobic capacity; maximum amount of oxygen that can be uti-lized by the body; higher V02max generally equals better performance; can be improved with training but has a genetic limit.

vVO2max: Velocity or pace at which a person reaches VO2max.

warm-up: Slow, easy running before a workout or race that raises your heart rate and prepares you for more intense activity.

water: Essential nutrient of body; runners should drink enough throughout the day to maintain clear urine and enough after a run to return to their pre-run body weights.

wicking: the ability of a fiber to move moisture from your skin to the surface of the fabric so that it can evaporate and keep you more comfortable.

world championships: Running and track and field championships held once every 2 years; almost as prestigious as the Olympics.

wr: world record.

xc: Cross Country.

xr running Last: Medium width running last refined through thousands of hours of testing; accomodates 85% of foot shapes and stride types.

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SpOrTS MArKeTiNg ANd prOMOTiON

XR CROSSMaX wIll BE tHE OFFICIal tRaINING SHOE OF SalOMON atHlEtES all aROUND tHE wORlD.XR CROSSMaX IS tHE SHOE tO BE GIVEN tO tHE EVENt ORGaNIZERS, CREwS, PROMO StaFF.

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cOMMuNicATiONS pAcKAge

XR CROSSMaX IS tHE lEaDING MaRCOM INItIatIVE OF SalOMON IN 2011.FUll MaRCOM’ PaCkaGE wItH PRODUCt PlaCEMENt, tEaSING CaMPaIGN, ONlINE aND PRINt aDVERtISING, SOCIal MEDIa BUZZ aND INStORE PROGRaM.

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freQueNTLy ASKed QueSTiONS

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why The NAMe crOSSMAx?Crossmax has come to represent serious all terrain performance in a variety of applications from mountain bike wheels to skis. as a shoe, Crossmax helps deliver maximum versatility no matter what surface you run on.

wheN?Retail intro Jan 1st, 2011.

hOw Much?

$130 for both versions in the US. ¤125/130 for neutral/guidance in Europe.

whAT dO They weigh?Men’s neutral=330g. Men’s guidance=340g. women’s neutral=282g. women’s guidance=287g.

where? Focus on running specialty shops and locations where racers and trainers who run off–road look for their gear.

whAT Are The MidSOLe cOMpOuNdS MAde Of?3 compound compression moulded EVa for the neutral version (55 asker c density) and a 2 density of 65asker c version for the guidance.

whAT iS The OuTSOLe cOMpOuNd?Solid rubber heel plug (Contragrip Ha) of 70 shore a on the heel and Contragrip lt 65 shore a in the forefoot.

whAT Are The differeNceS beTweeN The TwO VerSiONS?the guidance version has a specific midsole that is straighter in shape and has more material under the medial arch area for better support. It also has a 2nd density medial post in the midsole for pronation control. there is an asymmetrical Sensiflex piece in the forefoot as well as a stitched/reinforced sensiflex on the medial side to better cradle the arch/midfoot of someone with a less stable foot. and finally the OS tendon is shaped more along the strike path of a pronator’s foot to offer a bit of snap or return more in accordance with this persons foot type.

why iS The upper weLded iNSTeAd Of STiTched?welding (or bonding) the upper pieces to the mesh allows us to eliminate many of the seams and stitch lines that can potentially cause irritation during your run. It makes for a smooth surface for you foot to interact with, and help keep the shoe lightweight by eliminating some material.

iS There A wOMeN’S Specific LAST?Yep.

whAT LAST iS ThiS buiLT ON? SAMe AS xT wiNgS?No. the great midfoot and forefoot fit of the Xt wings remains, but the XR is built on an entirely new last that offers a bit more toe-spring (toe height measured from the ground) for better running/rolling motion.

where iS The chASSiS? the XR Crossmax does not have a chassis. the shoe is designed for training from door to trail, and therefore for a serious runner who places an emphasis on weight, cushion, and ride over the protection and precision that a chassis can deliver. For hard, rocky, or more extreme trails, I highly recommend the Xt wings 2.

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ALL The “cOMpeTiTOrS” hAVe ShOeS AT ($100/110..) why Are we MOre expeN-SiVe?

this shoe has many, many features that none of our trail competitors (ormost of the road ones) could dream of offering. a 3 compound midsole with a tPU OS tendon, the fully welded upper and the revolutionary (and soon to be patented) Sensiflex are just a few of the features that NONE of our competitors are able to offer. In fact, most settle for a grey color of an exist-ing road shoe or a low top hiking boot. the XR is a purpose-built product designed with the direct input of the world’s best trail runners. Over 1.5 years in development, 30+ prototypes, and the world’s only R&D department dedicated exclusively to trail running are only a few of the reasons why Salomon is the most premium brand in the market today.

SO iS ThiS A rOAd ShOe frOM SALOMON? AreN’T yOu guyS SOrT Of SeLLiNg OuT?No. the XR Crossmax is a trail shoe designed in conjunction with runners like Jonathan wy-att who run literally hundreds of miles a week on trails, paths and roads. we are taking our 40 years of fit expertise and applying it to products that make trail running accessible.

wON’T SeLLiNg The xr cANNibALize My SALeS Of xT?the XR is intended for racers and trainers who (today) run trails in road running shoes. If a store is selling road shoes to people who train off–road, you have the opportunity to offer them something far superior. the Xt is an all–terrain running shoe that is most at home in the mountains, on rocky terrain, or wherever agility and durability take priority over the XR’s light weight and cushion.

cAN yOu expLAiN ThOSe LAb TeST reSuLTS A LiTTLe MOre?we measured the Xt on its forefoot flexibility as well as the amount of return (or snap) it could deliver on toe–off. we benchmarked it against some of the leading road and trail shoes in the market today. For energy return, this measures the amount of snap the toe has when you release it from being flexed. a higher value is better. For flexibility, this is how much force is needed to bend the shoe. Here, less is more, so a lower value denotes the superior shoe.

wiLL There be cOMMuNicATiONS TO bAcK up Our SeLL-iN?For sure. this launch will be one of the largest footwear efforts in Salomon’s history. we will be present in a very large way in the trade shows, trade publications, and with product seed-ing and multi-size samples for key employees, community managers and athletes to try. we will also activate our extensive network of community managers to make sure these shoes are on the right athletes’ feet, in the right press and the right blogs. Online, print and PR will also be part of a year-long effort.

cAN i STiLL SeLL ThiS TO My beTTer OuTdOOr SpeciALTy AccOuNTS? iS iT excLuSiVe TO ruNNiNg SpeciALTy?

the distribution of the XR Crossmax is open to anyone who sells to racers, trainers and serious runners. But the primary target remians the running specialty.

dOeS iT beLONg ON The “rOAd Side” Of The wALL Or ON The “TrAiL Side?” My reTAiLer SegregATeS The TwO TypeS Of ShOeS, ANd ThiS ONe SeeMS TO be-LONg righT iN The MiddLe.

Crossmax is first and foremost a trail shoe. Sensifit™, quicklace™, and an aggressive ContragriptM outsole make it best suited for off–road running. that being said, it will still run better on–pavement that a lot of so–called road shoes.

whAT’S NexT fOr The xr fAMiLy?we intend to extend the XR Door to trail functionality to a variety of different applications and price points. If you think of all of the needs of a racer who is training hard for an important race, you will get a good idea of where our development efforts are currently. lightweight training, racing and women’s are all options that we are looking into and rigorously testing this summer.

where cAN i geT eVeN MOre iNfO? Or SOMeThiNg ThAT iS NOT cOVered here?E-mail me anytime. [email protected]

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NOTeS:

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SALOMONRUNNING.COM


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