Year 9 Biology

The Pregnancy and Birth

Year 9 Biology

Introduction

• Two individuals joining together for reproduction is called copulation or sexual intercourse.

• Ejaculation is when sperm is squeezed out of an erect penis.

• For reproduction to take place sperm needs to make contact with an egg.

Year 9 Biology

Intercourse

• Sperm is deposited into the vagina

• Sperm swims up into the uterus

• It then swims into the fallopian tubes/oviduct where it meets with an egg

Year 9 Biology

fertilisation• The fertilised egg

then moves back into the uterus and implants in the uterine walls (womb)

• An embryo (ball of cells) then forms

• This develops into a foetus around 12 weeks

Year 9 Biology

19/04/23

Amniotic sac – protects the baby

Inside the wombInside the womb

Placenta – allows the mother’s blood to come close to the baby’s to allow exchange of food, oxygen and wastes

Umbilical cord – connects the baby to the mother

Year 9 Biology

Giving birth

19/04/23

1) The amniotic sac bursts (“water breaking”)

2) Muscles in the uterus wall start contracting to push the baby out

3) The muscles in the cervix relax and widen

Year 9 Biology

Main Stage of Labor

• From 10 cm dilated to birth of baby

• Pushing• Contraction pattern

Year 9 Biology

Year 9 BiologyThe Passage-Pelvic Bones

Year 9 Biology

Year 9 Biology

Breech

Year 9 Biology

Presentation

Year 9 Biology

Lie

Year 9 BiologyPain Management in Active Labor

• Walking/Movement• Hydrotherapy• Back Rubs• Birth Ball, toilet• Maternal Preference• Analgesia/ Anesthesia• Others?

Year 9 Biology

hydrotherapy

Year 9 Biology

Birth

Year 9 Biology

Year 9 BiologyQuestions & Comments?