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2018

http://www.developindiagroup.co.in/

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Yearly Current Affairs 2018

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LATEST UPDATE

3rd Raisina Dialogue : All about India's

flagship global conference

Visiting Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is slated

to inaugurate the third edition of the geo-political conference,

Raisina Dialogue, in New Delhi on 16th January 2018 (Tues-

day) evening. The three-day multilateral global conference

participated over 550 delegates – some 150 speakers are ex-

pected to address the three-day event. The Raisina Dialogue

is organised jointly by the Ministry of External Affairs and the

Observer Research Foundation.

The theme for the 2018 Conference is “Managing Disruptive

Transitions: Ideas, Institutions and Idioms”. This theme is de-

signed to explore the shifting dynamics within the global or-

der; where old relationships need new directions, emerging

partnerships face unprecedented constraints and the notions

of power and sovereignty are challenged. The Dialogue will

foster discussions on the role of institutions, the possibility of

collective action and successful responses to these modern

developments.

The Raisina Dialogue is a multilateral conference held annu-

ally in New Delhi. Since its inception in 2016, the conference

has emerged as India’s flagship conference on geopolitics and

geo-economics. The conference is hosted by the Observer Re-

search Foundation, an independent think tank, in collabora-

tion with the Ministry of External Affairs of India.

The conference is structured as a multi-stakeholder, cross-

sectoral discussion, involving a variety of global policymakers

including heads of state, cabinet ministers and local govern-

ment officials. In addition, The Dialogue also welcomes major

private sector executives, as well as members of the media

and academia. It is designed on the lines of Singapore's Shangri-

La Dialogue.

The name “Raisina Dialogue” comes from Raisina Hill, an el-

evation in New Delhi that is home to the Government of India,

as well as the Presidential Palace of India, Rashtrapati Bhavan.

PSLV-C40/Cartosat-2 Series Satellite

Mission

India's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C40), successfully

launched the Cartosat-2 Series satellite and 30 co-passenger

satellites from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota

on January 12, 2018. Here's a look at the mission and how the

satellites were deployed.

India's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, in its forty second flight

(PSLV-C40), successfully launched the 710 kg Cartosat-2 Series

Satellite for earth observation and 30 co-passenger satellites

together weighing about 613 kg at lift-off. PSLV-C40 was

launched from the First Launch Pad (FLP) of Satish Dhawan

Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota.

The co-passenger satellites comprise one Microsatellite and

one Nanosatellite from India as well as 3 Microsatellites and

25 Nanosatellites from six countries, namely, Canada, Finland,

France, Republic of Korea, UK and USA. The total weight of all

the 31 satellites carried onboard PSLV-C40 is about 1323 kg.

The 28 International customer satellites were launched as part

of the commercial arrangements between Antrix Corporation

Limited (Antrix), a Government of India company under De-

partment of Space (DOS), the commercial arm of ISRO and the

International customers.

Commenting on the mission, ISRO chairman A S Kiran Kumar,

who will be resigning from his position on January 14, said,

“ISRO is starting 2018 with the successful launch. All satellites

have been released. So far, the perfromance of Cartosat has

been satisfactory.”

15th Finance Commission Constitutes

Under Chairmanship NK Singh

The Union Cabinet on 22 Nov 2017 gave its nod to set up the

15th Finance Commission that will decide on the distribution

of taxes between the Centre, states and local bodies.

The Finance Commission is set up every five years, and the

recommendations of the 15th Finance Commission are ex-

pected to be implemented from April 1, 2020.

Finance Minister Arun Jaitley said the recommendations of

the 15th Finance Commission are keenly awaited as it will have

an impact on the way the income from taxes is shared among

http://www.developindiagroup.co.in/

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Success TipsIAS Prelims

Last 15 year experience we can say those who

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5

Yearly Current Affairs 2018

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Centre, states and local bodies.

After the Cabinet decision, the government will have to issue a

notification constituting the 15th Finance Commission and

announcing its terms of reference.The recommendations of

the 14th Finance Commission were implemented from April 1,

2015.

It had changed the fiscal relationship between the Centre and

states by raising the share of states in Central taxes by 10%

from the then 32%.

Former Rajya Sabha member N K Singh's name is doing the

rounds as a prospective candidate for the chairmanship of the

commission.

The 14th Finance Commission, chaired by former RBI

Governnor Y V Reddy, was set up on January 2, 2014 and its

report was submitted on December 15, 2014.

Aditya L1 Mission: ISRO’s First Sun

Mission To Take Off In 2019

The Aditya-1 mission was conceived as a 400kg class satellite

carrying one payload, the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph

(VELC) and was planned to launch in a 800 km low earth orbit.

A Satellite placed in the halo orbit around the Lagrangian point

1 (L1) of the Sun-Earth system has the major advantage of

continuously viewing the Sun without any occultation/ eclipses.

Therefore, the Aditya-1 mission has now been revised to

“Aditya-L1 mission” and will be inserted in a halo orbit around

the L1, which is 1.5 million km from the Earth. The satellite

carries additional six payloads with enhanced science scope

and objectives.

The project is approved and the satellite will be launched dur-

ing 2019 – 2020 timeframe by PSLV-XL from Sriharikota.

Aditya-1 was meant to observe only the solar corona. The

outer layers of the Sun, extending to thousands of km above

the disc (photosphere) is termed as the corona. It has a tem-

perature of more than a million degree Kelvin which is much

higher than the solar disc temperature of around 6000K. How

the corona gets heated to such high temperatures is still an

unanswered question in solar physics.

Aditya-L1 with additional experiments can now provide obser-

vations of Sun's Photosphere (soft and hard X-ray), Chromo-

sphere (UV) and corona (Visible and NIR). In addition, particle

payloads will study the particle flux emanating from the Sun

and reaching the L1 orbit, and the magnetometer payload will

measure the variation in magnetic field strength at the halo

orbit around L1. These payloads have to be placed outside the

interference from the Earth’s magnetic field and could not

have been useful in the low earth orbit.

The main payload continues to be the coronagraph with im-

proved capabilities. The main optics for this experiment re-

mains the same. The complete list of payloads, their science

objective and lead institute for developing the payload is pro-

vided below :

√ Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC): To study the di-

MISS WORLD 2017 IS....MANUSHI

CHHILLAR!!!

India's Manushi Chhillar on Saturday won the coveted Miss

World 2017 title at a glittering event in China, ending 17

years of drought for India at the international pageant.

Priyanka Chopra was the last winner from India in 2000.

Chhillar, 21, looked emotional as the crown was placed on

her head by Miss World 2016 winner Puerto Rico's Stephanie

Del Valle. She competed against 108 contestants at the pag-

eant.

Miss Mexico Andrea Meza was announced the first runner

up, while Miss England Stephanie Hill was declared the sec-

ond runner up.Miss Mexico Andrea Meza was announced

the first runner up, while Miss England Stephanie Hill was

declared the second runner up.

http://www.developindiagroup.co.in/

6

Yearly Current Affairs 2018

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agnostic parameters of solar corona and dynamics and

origin of Coronal Mass Ejections (3 visible and 1 Infra-Red

channels); magnetic field measurement of solar corona

down to tens of Gauss – Indian Institute of Astrophysics

(IIA)

√ Solar Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (SUIT): To image the

spatially resolved Solar Photosphere and Chromosphere in

near Ultraviolet (200-400 nm) and measure solar irradi-

ance variations - Inter-University Centre for Astronomy &

Astrophysics (IUCAA)

√ Aditya Solar wind Particle Experiment (ASPEX) : To study

the variation of solar wind properties as well as its distri-

bution and spectral characteristics – Physical Research

Laboratory (PRL)

√ Plasma Analyser Package for Aditya (PAPA) : To under-

stand the composition of solar wind and its energy distri-

bution – Space Physics Laboratory (SPL), VSSC

√ Solar Low Energy X-ray Spectrometer (SoLEXS) : To moni-

tor the X-ray flares for studying the heating mechanism of

the solar corona – ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC)

√ High Energy L1 Orbiting X-ray Spectrometer (HEL1OS):

To observe the dynamic events in the solar corona and

provide an estimate of the energy used to accelerate the

particles during the eruptive events - ISRO Satellite Cen-

tre (ISAC)and Udaipur Solar Observatory (USO), PRL

√ Magnetometer: To measure the magnitude and nature

of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field – Laboratory for

Electro-optic Systems (LEOS) and ISAC.

With the inclusion of multiple payloads, this project also pro-

vides an opportunity to solar scientists from multiple institu-

tions within the country to participate in space based instru-

mentation and observations. Thus the enhanced Aditya-L1

project will enable a comprehensive understanding of the dy-

namical processes of the sun and address some of the out-

standing problems in solar physics.

10th South Asia Economic Summit

Concludes

The stalling of South Asian Association for Regional Coopera-

tion (SAARC) has doubly highlighted the importance of Track II

initiatives like the South Asia Economic Summit, according to

Swarnim Wagle, vice chairman of the National Planning Com-

mission.

Track II initiative is popular in diplomacy, which is carried out

by non-state actors to keep alive relations among countries

and create an environment where the governments can sit for

talks.

Addressing the concluding ceremony of the 10th South Asia

Economic Summit (SAES X), Wagle stressed on the need to

take the initiative to set up a permanent secretariat to

institutionalise the region-wide deliberations on regional is-

sues.

During one of the plenary sessions, Rehman Sobhan, chairman

of Centre for Policy Dialogue Bangladesh, said the move away

from SAARC is not an altogether new phenomenon, and at

such times, civil society needs to be particularly proactive to

keep the idea of South Asia alive.

Abid Qaiyum Suleri, executive director of Sustainable Devel-

opment Policy Institute Pakistan, said if South Asia could still

move ahead despite Pakistan’s lack of readiness in Motor Ve-

hicle Agreement, it would demonstrate that

complementarities do attract initiatives for cooperation.

Also speaking in the plenary session, Nagesh Kumar, director

of Social Development Division, United Nations Economic and

Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP), said that

sibling rivalries are a fact of life among neighbours that holds

back cooperation. But, he said, there will also be sudden up-

surges in complementarities to push cooperation forward.

Similarly, Dushni Weerakoon, executive director of Institute of

Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, said earlier that each country in the

region was undergoing its own travails at the moment, which

has stalled the regional cooperation process for the time be-

ing.

Posh Raj Pandey, executive chairman of South Asia Watch on

Trade, Economics and Environment, highlighted the need to

focus on trade in services with the sector’s increasing growth

and contribution to the economies of the region, including at

the firm level that helps the small entrepreneurs and the over-

all economy. He pointed out that the implementation modal-

ity of SAARC Agreement on Trade in Services (SATIS) needed to

be sorted out and SATIS be implemented without any further

delay.

Former minister for water resources, Deepak Gyawali, during

his presentation in an expert session on energy cooperation,

said that most of the complexities in cooperation in the hydro-

power sector arise from failure to recognise the multipurpose

nature of hydropower projects and going after them only as

clean energy projects. He cited the example of farmers get-

ting a free ride on irrigation water while energy users foot the

bill.

Panelists discussed the shortcomings of regionalism and ways

to overcome them in different sessions today. Some saw sub-

regionalism undermining South Asian regionalism while oth-

ers saw the trend strengthening countries’ willingness to ben-

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efit from new complementarities that was unavailable previ-

ously.

China came up frequently in addresses of speakers of the dif-

ferent sessions. They said that because of China’s centrality in

economic relations of every SAARC member, it too should be

given space in collective sub-regional forums that already ex-

ist or are to be formed in the future. The discussants also ex-

plored the possibilities of tapping the observers as dialogue

partners while discussing the tremendous challenges associ-

ated with their deeper engagement.

The South Asia Economic Summit was launched in 2008 as a

platform to discuss and analyse development challenges fac-

ing South Asia. The annual event brings together regional ex-

perts from various fields from across the South Asian region.

South Asia Watch on Trade, Economics and Environment,

Nepal; Centre for Policy Dialogue, Bangladesh; Research and

Information System for Developing Countries, India; Sustain-

able Development Policy Institute, Pakistan; and Institute of

Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka take turns to organise the

annual event in one of the SAARC countries.

Odisha, Bengal To Hold ‘Sagar Kavach’

Joint Exercise On Coastal Security

To tighten the existing coastal security mechanism along the

630-odd km long coastline along Odisha and its neighbouring

West Bengal, the governments of both the states are sched-

uled to hold a joint security exercise named as ‘Sagar Kavach’

in a week’s time.

Speaking in this connection, Additional Chief Secretary, Home

Department, Asit Tripathy, said, “Sagar Kavach security exer-

cise is a realistic drill to check the efficacy of the security pa-

rameters and preparedness of various security forces like the

Indian Navy, Marine police force, Indian Coast Guard (ICG),

Forest Department, Fisheries and district administration. This

is the first time that Odisha is having a joint security drill with

West Bengal. During the two-day drill, we are going to organise

a simulated terror attack named ‘red force’ at a random place

along Odisha or West Bengal coast and check how effective

our marine policing is?” Tripathy said.

The participants in the joint drill will include personnel from

the Indian Navy, Coast Guard Paradip and Haldia, 18 marine

police stations in Odisha and 12 police stations of West Bengal.

Similarly for the first time since the security exercises were

initiated by the Indian Navy and ICG, teams of Customs and

port officials, fisheries department officials have also been

made a part of the security drill.

“The drill is to revaluate the existing Standard Operating Pro-

cedure (SOP) mechanisms. All stakeholders who participated

in the meeting were made aware about exercise settings and

other SOPs. The coast guard, and all the security forces, even

the district administrations have been very helpful and proac-

tive towards coastal security. After the drill we will review if

there are any loopholes,” West Bengal Coast Guard Com-

mander MA Warsi said.

Every year, each state with a coastline in the Indian peninsula

organises two such security exercises, one involves the per-

sonal coastal security assessment and the other, a joint drill

Moody's Upgrades India's Government

Bond Rating To Baa2 From Baa3

On November 16, 2017 Moody's Investors Service

("Moody's") has upgraded the Government of India's local

and foreign currency issuer ratings to Baa2 from Baa3 and

changed the outlook on the rating to stable from positive.

Moody's has also upgraded India's local currency senior un-

secured rating to Baa2 from Baa3 and its short-term local

currency rating to P-2 from P-3.

The decision to upgrade the ratings is underpinned by

Moody's expectation that continued progress on economic

and institutional reforms will, over time, enhance India's high

growth potential and its large and stable financing base for

government debt, and will likely contribute to a gradual de-

cline in the general government debt burden over the me-

dium term. In the meantime, while India's high debt burden

remains a constraint on the country's credit profile, Moody's

believes that the reforms put in place have reduced the risk

of a sharp increase in debt, even in potential downside sce-

narios.

Moody's has also raised India's long-term foreign-currency

bond ceiling to Baa1 from Baa2, and the long-term foreign-

currency bank deposit ceiling to Baa2 from Baa3. The short-

term foreign-currency bond ceiling remains unchanged at P-

2, and the short-term foreign-currency bank deposit ceiling

has been raised to P-2 from P-3. The long-term local cur-

rency deposit and bond ceilings remain unchanged at A1.

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with any other participant, necessarily another state during

which the government takes stock of preparedness of mari-

time policing. The drill aims at strengthening the stakeholders

to coordinate well in time of emergency especially during ter-

ror attacks through sea routes.

The 2017 APEC Summit: A Game

Changer For The Asia-Pacific?

One of the most important diplomatic, political, and economic

events for the Asia-Pacific region this year — the APEC Summit

— was held in Da Nang, Viet Nam (November 6-11, 2017).

Amid the fast changing geostrategic context and domestic

situation in a number of countries, the APEC Leader’s week

may have been a game changing moment for the Asia-Pacific

region for a number of reasons.

First, APEC is the premier forum in the region to facilitate the

realization of the development goals set forth by the United

Nations. Home to around 2.8 billion people, approximately 59

percent of world GDP and 49 percent of world trade, APEC

includes the world’s biggest economies, such as the US, China,

Japan, ASEAN, and thus has the potential to make important

economic contributions to the region — and the world.

APEC could help to promote economic development in the

region in many important ways. Even though the Asia Pacific is

the fastest-growing region at a time when the world economy

is witnessing positive growth, there are lurking risks such as

inward-looking policies of many countries, aging populations,

as well as traditional and emerging security challenges. With

the focus on “creating new dynamism, fostering a shared fu-

ture,” the 2017 APEC under the host of Viet Nam proposed

four areas for cooperation: a) sustainable, innovative and in-

clusive growth; b) regional economic integration and connec-

tivity; c) dynamism for micro, small, and medium-sized enter-

prises (MSMEs) — a key driver of the region’s growth; and d)

food security and achieving sustainable agriculture.

Topics of discussion also included improving work force skills to

meet the new demand for the fourth industrial revolution,

reducing income gaps and, and promoting inclusive and equi-

table development. The Danang Declaration — unanimously

adopted at the Summit — reaffirmed all these and called them

“long-standing commitments” by all member economies. Simi-

larly, the dramatic revival of the Trans Pacific Partnership Agree-

ment talks (now changed to the Comprehensive and Progres-

sive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership) after intensive

negotiations in Danang has helped tighten an embrace of “high-

stardard”, “balanced” “free”, and “fair” game of trade for

concerned stakeholders.

Second, the APEC Summit provides an opportunity for regional

economies to make their priorities better known to each other,

thus boosting trust and cooperation. Through high-level inter-

action, the US and China, whose relationship is a crucial factor

shaping the region’s geopolitical landscape, identified mea-

sures to address new realties. On the one hand, US policy to-

ward the Asia Pacific, despite a rough start, has gained clarity,

especially on the security-defense side. Soon after his arrival in

Danang, President Trump delivered a speech promoting the

idea of a “free and open Indo-Pacific”, with significant implica-

tions both for the regional architecture and the US future ties

with allies and partners.

On the other, China has become more confident internation-

ally owing to its rise in both capacity and determination. Many

argue that China has eased and even dropped the long-time

brake on its strategy of “tao guang yang hui” (hide one’s capa-

bilities and bide one’s time). An American scholar Michael

Pillsbury has gone further by stating that China’s international

strategy is already effective both at present and in the longer

term. President Xi called globalization an “irreversible histori-

cal trend”, affirming China’s place as a leader in the trend.

Japan, South Korea, and Australia – important members of

APEC — have recently played more active roles in regional

affairs. These new-found strategic contours give birth to a hope

that following the meetings in Viet Nam, the United States,

China, and other powers will be able to make necessary ad-

justments to their new postures for the larger interests of the

region.

Pankaj Advani Wins 17th World Billiards

Championship Title

Ace Indian cueist Pankaj Advani on 12th November 2017

clinched his 17th world title after he thrashed his arch-rival

Mike Russell of England in the IBSF World Billiards Champion-

ship in Doha.Advani beat Russell 6-2 (0-155, 150-128, 92-151,

151-0, 151-6, 151-0, 150-58, 150-21) to defend the 150-up

format title he had won in Bengaluru last year.

The Indian did not have an ideal start to the best-of-11 summit

clash as Russell drew first blood with a well-crafted break of

155.Advani drew parity in the next frame but still seemed to

be looking for his best to arrive. The Englishman bounced back

with breaks of 84 and 67 to win what was going to be the last

frame to his name in the final.

From the fourth frame, the Indian was a transformed player.

Advani, winner of maximum number of world titles in any sport

by an Indian, increased his total by one more as he dominated

the remainder of the final. He clinically constructed lethal

breaks of 151, 151, 151, 145 and 110 to completely dismantle

his longstanding rival.

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Earlier in the tournament, Advani had overcome fellow Indian

Rupesh Shah in the semifinals 5-2, while Russell got the better

of Singapore’s Peter Gilchrist 5-1.

53rd Jnanpith Award To Hindi Writer

Krishna Sobti

Renowned Hindi litterateur Krishna Sobti has been chosen for

this year's Jnanpith Award, the Jnanpith Selection Board an-

nounced on 3rd November 2017.

"The Jnanpith Selection Board has announced the recipient of

the 53rd Jnanpith Award for the year 2017 today in a meeting.

It went to eminent Hindi Litterateur Krishna Sobti," the board

said in a statement.

Born in 1925, Sobti is known for experimenting with new writ-

ing styles and creating "bold" and "daring" characters in her

stories who were ready to accept all challenges.

Her language is highly influenced by the intermingling of Hindi,

Urdu and Punjabi cultures.

"Sobti is a path breaking novelist. She has immensely enriched

Hindi literature," the statement by the board chaired by noted

scholar, writer and critic Namwar Singh, said.

Others on the decision making body included Girishwar Misra,

Shamim Hanfi, Harish Trivedi, Suranjan Das, Ramakant Rath,

Chandrakant Patil, Alok Rai, C Radhakrishnan, Madhishudhan

Anand and Leeladhar Mandloi.

The writer's choice of subjects range from the India- Pakistan

partition, and relationships between man and woman, to the

changing dynamics of the Indian society and the gradual dete-

rioration of human values.

Some of her celebrated works include 'Daar Se Bichhudi', 'Mitro

Marjani', 'Zindaginama', 'Dil-o-Danish', 'Badalom ke Ghere',

'Ai Ladki' and 'Gujarat Pakistan Se Gujarat Hindustan'.

Several of her works have been translated into other Indian

languages and also in Swedish, Russian besides English.

She has been the recipient of many coveted awards in the past

including Hindi Akademi Awards, Shiroman Awards, Maithli

Sharan Gupt Samman, Sahitya Akademi Fellowship and Padma

Bhushan.

India Slips 21 Slots On WEF Gender Gap

Index 2017

India slipped 21 places on the World Economic Forum’s (WEF)

Global Gender Gap index to 108, behind neighbours China and

Bangladesh, primarily due to less participation of women in

the economy and low wages.

Moreover, India’s latest ranking is 10 notches lower than its

reading in 2006 when the WEF started measuring the gender

gap.

According to the WEF Global Gender Gap Report 2017, India

has closed 67% of its gender gap, less than many of its interna-

tional peers, and some of its neighbours like Bangladesh ranked

47th while China was placed at 100th.

Globally also, this year’s story is a bleak one. For the first time

since the WEF began measuring the gap across four pillars —

health, education, the workplace and political representation

— the global gap has actually widened.

“A decade of slow but steady progress on improving parity

between the sexes came to a halt in 2017, with the global

gender gap widening for the first time since the WEF’s Global

Gender Gap Report was first published in 2006,” it said.

The findings in this year’s report, published today, showed that

an overall 68% of the global gender gap has been closed. This

is a slight deterioration from 2016 when the gap closed was

68.3%.

At the current rate of progress, the global gender gap will

take 100 years to bridge, compared to 83 last year.

The case is worse in terms of workplace gender divide, which

the report estimates will take 217 years to close.

On a positive note, however, a number of countries are buck-

ing the dismal global trend as over one-half of all 144 countries

measured this year have seen their score improve in the past

12 months, the report noted.

At the top of the Global Gender Gap Index is Iceland. The

country has closed nearly 88% of its gap. It has been the world’s

most gender-equal country for nine years.

Others in the top 10 include Norway (2nd), Finland (3rd),

Rwanda (4) and Sweden (5), Nicaragua (6) and Slovenia (7),

Ireland (8), New Zealand (9) and the Philippines (10).

India’s greatest challenges lie in the economic participation

and opportunity pillar where the country is ranked 139 as well

as health and survival pillar where the country is ranked 141,

the WEF said.

The report attributed much of India’s decline in position on the

overall Global Gender Gap Index to a widening of its gender

gaps in political empowerment as well as healthy life expect-

ancy and basic literacy.

Ease Of Doing Business: India Jumps 30

Notches, Breaks Into Top 100

On 31st October 2017 India jumped 30 places to rank 100th in

the World Bank's 'ease of doing business' ranking+ , sending

the jubilant government to vow to continue reforms that will

help the country break into top 50 in the coming years.

India, which was ranked 142nd when the Narendra Modi gov-

ernment took office in 2014 and 130th last year, is the only

large country this year to have achieved such a significant shift

on the back of reforms in taxation, construction permits, in-

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vestor protection and bankruptcy resolution.

The World Bank said it is "one of the top 10 improvers in this

year's assessment, having implemented reforms in 8 out of 10

'doing business' indicators." This is the first time India has bro-

ken into top 100 nations.

In its annual report 'Doing Business 2018: Reforming to Create

Jobs', the World Bank said that India's ranking reflects nearly

half of the 37 reforms, adopted since 2003, implemented in

the last four years.

With June as cut-off for assessing business environment, the

ranking does not take into account the landmark reform of

Goods and Services Tax (GST), which from July 1 weaved the

country of 1.3 billion into one market with one tax and re-

moved inter-state barriers for trade. Also, demonetisation has

not been covered in the report.

The ranking comes as a shot in the arm for the government

that has been battling dissenting voices against the way GST

was implemented and growth being hit, although temporarily,

due to demonetisation of higher denomination currency.

The parameters that witnessed improvement in 2016-17 were

India making it faster for start business, reduction in proce-

dures and time required to obtain building permit, easier ac-

cess to credit, protecting minority investors, ease of paying

taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts and making

resolving insolvency easier, the World Bank said.

But it still lags in areas such as starting a business, enforcing

contracts and dealing with construction permits.

It takes 30 days now to register a new business, down from

127 days 15 years ago, but "the number of procedures is still

cumbersome for local entrepreneurs who still need to go

through 12 procedures", it said.

While India is now ranked 4th in the world on protecting inves-

tors (up from 13th last year), its ranking on ease of getting

electricity has deteriorated from 26 last year to 29 this

year.Credit availability ranking has improved to 29 from 44

and ease of paying taxes has seen a jump to 119th position

from 172nd previously.

"This is a major major jump," Rita Ramalho, Acting Director

for World Bank's Global Indicators Group, told PTI in Washing-

ton, attributing the climb of 30 places to the series of reforms

undertake by the Modi government since 2014.

The GST, which was implemented from July 1, will get reflected

only in next year's 'ease of doing business' report.

"GST reforms have not been counted this year. It would come

into play for the report next year," Ramalho said, adding that

demonetisation was not covered.India was ranked 130th for

last two years.According to the World Bank, New Zealand is

the easiest place on the planet to do business, followed by

Singapore, Denmark, South Korea and Hong Kong.

The US and the UK are ranked 6th and 7th on the list.Among

BRICS countries, Russia tops the list with 35th position, fol-

lowed by China which has retained its ranking at the 78th place

for the second consecutive year. Brazil's ranking is 125th.

The biggest surprise of this year, the authors of the report

said, is India, which jumped 30 spots in one year by improving

its score by 4.71 to 60.76 points. Brazil is the only BRICS nation

that is behind India.

Bharatmala

On 24 October, 2017 the government of India announced that

cabinet has approved Rs 6.92 lakh crore ambitious roads

programme, to build an 83,677 km road network over the

next five years. But more importantly, the government said

that this road construction project will generate 14.2 crore

mandays of jobs in the country.

"Our infrastructure plan will contribute 2-3 percent to the GDP

and will create 2 lakh crore jobs. This is our target. The biggest

profit is that NHI will become more autonomous. I believe

that NHI will be able to fulfill 10,000 lakh crore target given to

them. The Delhi Ringroad Highway will be finished in a month's

time. The Delhi-Meerut package will be completed soon. For

the first time, the Ministry is creating express highways which

are also part of the SagarMala project. With the BharatMala

project we will be able to link 550 districts," said road and

transport minister Nitin Gadkari.

This is the largest ever road construction project by Indian

government. The project will be divided into two parts — Rs

5.35 lakh crore investments will be made under Bharatmala

Pariyojana scheme to construct 34,800 km of roads. And the

rest of Rs 1.57 lakh crore will be spent on the construction of

48,877 km of roads by the state-run National Highway Author-

ity of India (NHAI) and the ministry of road transport and high-

ways.

"The huge spending on infrastructure announced today will

give a fillip to private sector investment," finance minister Arun

Jaitley said to the reporters of Tuesday.

To expedite the Bharatmala projects, apart from ministry of

road transport and highways and state-run firms—NHAI and

National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corpora-

tion Ltd (NHIDCL)—even respective state public works depart-

ments (PWDs) will be roped in for timely execution, the gov-

ernment said.

According to the plan of Bharatmala scheme, Rs 2.09 lakh

crore would come from market borrowings, Rs 1.06 lakh crore

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as private investments and the balance from the Central Road

Fund (CRF), toll receipts and also proceeds from monetisation

of the state-funded highways by leasing them out to private

parties under the toll-operate-transfer model.

Projects such as economic corridors and coastal roads and port

connectivity, international connectivity, border roads, roads

connecting economically important nodes, green field

expresswayswill be brought under its aegis.

"With the implementation of this programme, India could get

the much needed cost competitiveness in the manufacturing

sector by bringing down the logistics cost which is currently

one of the highest among the emerging markets and way above

that prevalent in developed economies," Mint quoted

Jagannarayan Padmanabhan, director and practice lead, trans-

port and logistics at CRISIL Infrastructure Advisory as saying.

Bharatmala is the name given to a centrally-sponsored and

funded road and highways project of the Government of India.

The total investment for this plan is estimated at ?5.35 trillion

(US$83 billion), making it the single largest outlay for a gov-

ernment road construction scheme. The ambitious umbrella

programme will subsume all existing highway projects includ-

ing the flagship National Highways Development Project

(NHDP), launched by the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government in

1998. The project will start from Gujarat and Rajasthan, move

to Punjab and then cover the entire string of Himalayan states

- Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand - and

then portions of borders of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar alongside

Terai, and move to West Bengal , Sikkim, Assam, Arunachal

Pradesh, and right up to the Indo-Myanmar border in Manipur

and Mizoram. Special emphasis will be given on providing con-

nectivity to far-flung rural areas including the tribal and back-

ward areas.

India 100th On Global Hunger Index,

2017 Trails North Korea, Bangladesh

India has a “serious” hunger problem and ranks 100th out of

119 countries on the global hunger index — behind North Ko-

rea, Bangladesh and Iraq but ahead of Pakistan, according to

a report.

The country’s serious hunger level is driven by high child mal-

nutrition and underlines need for stronger commitment to the

social sector, the International Food Policy Research Institute

(IFPRI) said in its report.

India stood at 97th position in last year’s rankings.

“India is ranked 100th out of 119 countries, and has the third

highest score in all of Asia — only Afghanistan and Pakistan are

ranked worse,” IFPRI said in a statement.

“At 31.4, India’s 2017 GHI (Global Hunger Index) score is at

the high end of the ‘serious’ category, and is one of the main

factors pushing South Asia to the category of worst perform-

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