Yesterday, Today & Tomorrow

Shannon J Markey LC, LEED AP Legrand BCS / Wattstopper Western Regional Manager

The Good Old Days: The .59 Cent Solution

Simple, Inexpensive, Easy To Operate, Etc. Everybody’s Happy. Lighting: 5 Watts Per Square Foot / 50% + Energy Usage

The use of photocells on outdoor fixtures has been around for 50 years or more.

Dusk to Dawn Operation.

It all started in CA w/ T24 in 1978 based on legislative mandate to reduce Energy Consumption. They were running out of power generating capabilities 39 years ago. Brownouts = Code Introduction 15+ Variations later, does it actually work or is

it just unneeded government intervention?

CA’s Energy Consumption Has Stayed Completely Flat Since The Inception of T24 Energy Code. The US Has Climbed Until Other States Began to Introduce Energy Codes As Well.

ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, & Air Conditioning

IECC International Energy Conservation Commision

Most States Enforce Some Kind of Code

Lighting Energy Usage Decreased Almost 50% Between 2003 and 2012.

Turn Off Entire Floors & Outdoor Lights Based On Time Schedules & Photocells

Lighting Control Panel Override Switches

You Still Need To Use Time Control and Photocells For Certain Areas.

Mandatory Use Of Occupancy Sensors

Mandatory Daylighting Requirements

Mandatory Plug Load Requirements

Mandatory Dimming In Certain Areas

Pushing Individual Fixture Level Control

Introduced 35+ years ago. More Energy Efficient Than Time Schedules.

WA Code Makes Them Mandatory in Certain Areas: Open Offices Copy Rooms

Private Offices Restrooms

Conference Rooms Classrooms

Storage Areas Lounges

Lunch/Break Rooms Closets

WHY MANDATE?

C405.2.1.1

SENSOR TIME DELAY (MINUTES)

Space 5 10 15 20 5 min.

impact

Break Room 29.0% 25.0% 21.0% 17.0% 23%

Classroom 58.0% 56.0% 54.0% 52.0% 3%

Conference

Room

50.0% 46.3% 42.7% 39.0% 32%

Private Office 38.0% 34.7% 31.3% 28.0% 11%

Rest Room 60.0% 55.7% 51.3% 47.0% 9%

Occupancy Sensors

More Energy Efficient Than A Time Schedule The Biggest Savings Are In The Least Used Spaces

Pick The Right Product

For The Application!

Passive Infrared (PIR) Ultrasonic Dual Technology (PIR/Ultrasonic)

Line of Sight Controllable High Mounting Heights

Volumetric Minor Motion Sees Around Objects

Combines Both Types Limits False Triggers Covers Various Activity Levels

Instruction Sheet Cleary Shows Mounting 3’ From Airduct

That was 6’, not 6”. 6’ does not mean 2’ either.

And it definitely DID NOT mean negative 6”!

For Best Performance…

Don’t mount wall sensors on ceiling looking at the floor.

Don’t mount directional wall sensors upside down .

Don’t Mount A PIR Sensor Next To The Urinal If There Is A Stall Next Door.

Nor Should You Mount In A Stall At 7’ When There Is A Urinal Next To it.

Wall Switch Sensors

Don’t mount wall switch sensors on the ceiling; especially with manual on operation. Can be a little challenging to turn lights on.

Sprinkler Head

Manual On Wall Switch.

WA Code Mandates 3 Daylight Zones Sidelight Applications: Daylight Z1 and Daylight Z2

Top Light Applications

Requires Automatic Controls

Zones Must Be Controlled Independently

Easily Calibrated From Within The Space

Must Dim To Off

No Temporary Manual Overrides Allowed

Limited to 2500 sq ft of Coverage

Only 2 Cardinal Directions

Mandatory Dimming In Certain Areas

C405.2.4.1

The Human Factor Comes Into Play

Benjamin Rush Elementary School

“Your PC is Not Working As The Lights are Too Dim!!” -Commissioning

Agent

In Reality, They Were Working Perfectly.

Daylight Zone: 74.8 FC Non Daylight Zone: 56.3 FC Lights = 10% Output Lights = 100% Output

Not Allowing Overrides and Local Control Can Lead To Occupant Revolt, or…..

…at a minimum a decrease in Energy Savings and an increase in the Office Supply Budget.

WA State Code Mandates You Must Automatically Control 50% of the Outlets In Private Offices, Open Offices, Conference Rooms, Lunch / Break Rooms, Copy / Print Rooms, Work Stations and Classrooms.

Can Be Done With Either Time Control or Occupancy Sensors.

Plug Loads Are Increasing As Lighting Loads Are Decreasing.

Plug Load In Most Spaces Now Is Equal To or Greater Than Lighting.

Each Charger Pulls 3-4

Watts When It Is Idle.

Turn Off The Non-

Essential Plug Loads.

WA State Code Mandates Dimming in Offices, Classrooms, Laboratories and Library Reading Rooms.

Also Calls Out For Even Light Reduction In Most Spaces That Pushes Design To Dimming.

Dimming Saves Energy And Increases Component Life.

Dimming Adds To Occupant Comfort.

LED’s Allow “Free” Dimming Via 0-10V.

With LED’s or Fluorescent Lighting, Your Energy Savings Is Almost Exactly Linear To The Level of Lighting.

Occupant Sign Occupant Installed Filters The Cubicle Tent Given The Choice, Occupants Tend To Want Lights Lower Than The Design Level. Comfort Increases Productivity.

WA Code Is Pushing Individual Fixture Control and Embedded Devices.

LLLC: Luminaire-Level Lighting Control

Each Fixture Is Addressable and Has Controls Embedded Within It For Daylighting and Occupancy Sensor Control.

§130.1(c)6: Indoor Lighting Controls

Positives: Every Fixture Becomes Addressable / Very Flexible Easier Install for Electrical Contractor Negatives: Greatly Increases Programming Time & Complexity Increased Cost: Materials & Commissioning Time Increases Maintenance As Component Count Increases Based on System, It Can Require Proprietary Ballasts/Drivers Functionality Issues If Network Ever Goes Down Checkerboard Lighting Patterns Within Space

Uneven Lighting As Each Fixture Is At A Different Level, Including Off.

Each Fixture Has An Integral Occupancy Sensor and Photocell.

$150 adder for devices and installation in a Fixture.

12 Fixtures in a classroom: $1800

1 Power Pack / Occ Sensor & Photocell $400

Material Cost Difference: $1400 Per Room Additional

20 Classrooms: $28,000 Cost* / 726 Additional Devices

50 Classrooms: $70,000 Cost* / 1650 Additional Devices

SWC = 5 Programming Steps IFC: 108+ Programming Steps

*Material Cost Only. Does Not Include Additional Programming Time Involved.

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Systems Are Moving Towards A Wireless Environment

-Reduces Installed Costs -Increased Component Costs -Increased Maintenance & Disposal Costs -Coverage Issues / Wireless & Devices

Demand Response

HVAC Control Based On Occupancy

Current Monitoring / Energy Trends / Alarms

Tunable Color Temperature Fixtures

-1600 – 8000 Kelven

Simulate Daylight In Interior Spaces

-Circadian Rhythm

-Improve Mood, Behavior, Health,

Learning Capabilities, Etc.

IoT Opens The Doors To About Anything:

Spatial Feedback On Occupant Density and Movement Within The Space

Who Manages The Lighting Control System? Maintenance, Electrical, IT, Independent Service Provider, Manufacturer? Today’s Systems Save Energy, But Does That

Outweigh Maintenance Costs Over Time? What Other Potential Benefits Can Be Gained

Through These Systems?

QUESTIONS??