Yokogawa’s experience with FTTH Testing

Optical CommunicationT&M Business Group

Yokogawa Corporation of America

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Abbreviated Corporate Background Yokogawa was founded in 1915 First products were Electric Meters Expanded ever since with Test & Measurement as core

competency ~18,000 employees worldwide ~$4 Billion USD revenue

Yokogawa Corporation of America founded in 1957 Operated continuously in US ever since North American HQ in Newnan, GA Manufacturing in Newnan & Houston, TX

Additional facilities in Canada & Mexico

Bought out existing partners in Ando Electric in 2004 Leader in OTDR development & innovation Leader in OSA development & innovation

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Yokogawa OTDR History

AQ1720

AQ7110

AQ7140AQ7210

AQ7260

AQ7250

AQ7220AQ7155

2007

AQ7270/ 7275

1985ANDO→

Yokogawa

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Basic OTDR Principle of Operation

LD

directional coupler / mirror

LD

Pulse-generator Photodiode

Amplifier

averaging

Optical fiber

Pulse-light

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Standard OTDR Measurement Trace

ｄB

OTDRPulse

ConnectorConnection

Fusion Splice

Bending Break point

Distance→

← Relative level (dB)

▼

▼

▼

▼：Events

③Reflection

②Loss

①Distance

▼

E

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Measurement of FTTx applications

Application: OTDR measurement and FTTH

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OTDR Test PointsThis figure shows ODF( Optical Distribution Frames) unit interface between outside plant and active transmission equipment. This ODF size varies from a few hundred up into thousands of optical fibers.

Transmitter

An installer’s daily workload can include checking more than a thousand fibers.

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OTDR trace indication of cleanliness

Clad

Core

This is the measurement figure with a dirty connection and a clean connection.

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Active fiber check method

Live Fiber Indication and alarm(Fail-safe function)

- avoids on-channel measurement of fibers with in-service wavelengths

Optical power monitor function

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Measuring the first connection

Put the dummy fiber before

Dummy fiber area

Fault point

Fault point loss is unclear

Use dummy fiber

The dummy fiber is very useful to find out fault that if the fault point is near end points

Source : NTT

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Built-in Dummy Fiber (Option)- For accurate fiber loss measurement close in.

2

12

1

1

Built-in Dummy fiber

Fiber loss measurement is inaccurate. Because the Marker 1 cannot be placed correctly.The loss data varies by operators.

Fiber loss measurement is accurate. Because the operator error in placing marker 1 can be prevented, fiber loss and the connection loss can be calculated accurately and easily. Auto-search function can detect this event.

Fiber Loss

Fiber Loss

1

OTDR with Dummy fiber

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OTDR Required Performance

The World’s Shortest Dead Zone < 80cm - Absolutely a killer specification for FTTH testing

Event Dead Zone: < 80cm

1.5dB

Event dead zone

@ 45dB ORL

0.8m

1dB/div

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Pulse width＝100ns

・・

・・ONU

OLT

2nd Splitter1st Splitter

OTDR measurement over the splitter (PON)

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High Dynamic Range: OTDR & splitters (PON)

OTDR trace shows port1 and port2 as same trace. The location should be distinguished but loss measurements are still complicated.As shown here, splices on two different fibers show on the same trace, as do the end events.

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This is an example of bending loss when they close the cover and clipped optical fiber cable

Sometimes the customer moved this ONU and the optical cable has been bent

During installation some of the points can have excessive bending loss

Macro-bending loss measurement at 1625nm/1650nm

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Bending loss measurement with 1625nm

1625nm wavelength is more sensitive than 1310/1550nm wavelength

1310/1550nm

1625nm

If there is excessive bending on the fiber the 1.31um/1.55um are not sensitive enough to find out it. However it can be measured by 1.625um wavelength the loss obtained easily.

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Testing Requirements so far

Cleanliness of the fibers Live Fiber alarm

Not mentioned, but a plug check for good OTDR connection should also be considered

Use a Dummy Fiber (launch fiber) or not Can impact total loss and use dynamic range up.

High Quality Dead Zone (shorter is better) High Dynamic Range to measure through splitters Ability to find macro bends with longer wavelengths

But what about live networks? What happens when a single location fails or deteriorates?

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Complex OTDR measurements & splitters (PON)

ＡＱ７２５０ｍｉｎｉ－ＯＴＤＲＡＱ７２５０ｍｉｎｉ－ＯＴＤＲＡＱ７２５０ｍｉｎｉ－ＯＴＤＲＡＱ７２５０ｍｉｎｉ－ＯＴＤＲＡＱ７２５０ｍｉｎｉ－ＯＴＤＲＡＱ７２５０ｍｉｎｉ－ＯＴＤＲＡＱ７２５０ｍｉｎｉ－ＯＴＤＲ

１ ０ ０ ｍ

４ ０ｍ

２ ０ ０ ｍ

５ ５０ ｍ

８ ５ ０ ｍ

１ ｋｍ

２ ｋｍ

終端

終端８分岐スプリッタ

40m2Km

1Km850m

550m200m

100m

TerminateTerminate

1 x 8 Splitter

Home

PW:100ns

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Macro Bends in a live networkActive line measurement without filter and filter

Fault

Clear indication of fault point

Using filter

Unclear indication of fault point OTDR result will be influenced by active line

Source:NTT

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1.625um,Pw：1us,In-service light：-19dBm

Can not measure

AQ7275 without Filter type

Influence of live signals

1.625um,Pw：1us,In-service light：-19dBm

Can measure

AQ7275 Built-in Filter type

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Easy to manage Multi-Core Fiber Measurement

Multi-Core Fiber Measurement Function

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Smart File Name Structure - For easy file management

Comment (e.g. Cable name)

Cable (Tube) ID

fiber no.

Example of file name:[1310nmYOKOGAWA22a.sor]• NAME TYPE :WL + Comment + No. • COMMENT : YOKOGAWA• ID: 22• Tape no: a-b

Auto-increment function: 1. 1310nmYOKOGAWA22a.sor2. 1550nmYOKOGAWA22a.sor3. 1310nmYOKOGAWA22b.sor4. 1550nmYOKOGAWA22b.sorUnderlined items increment for each file saving.

Tube fiber

Setup window for file name format

Smart File Name Function

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OTDR Emulation Software

OTDR Trace Analysis Generate Test Reports

Emulation software

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Emulation software and OTDR

USB memory

Directly connect by the USB cable

OTDR Measurement data Transfer to PC

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Yokogawa OTDR AQ7275 Series

High Dynamic735033

Standard735032

MM/SM 4λ735041

Higher dynamic735034

1650nm 1λ735031

1490nmPON735035

1625nm 3λHDR735038

1650nm 3λ735037

1625nm 3λHDR735036

New AQ7275 series 9 modelsIn-service trouble shooting

(built-in filter)

FTTH I&M

Metro/access I&M

Core/Metro I&M

FTTH PON system

In-service trouble shooting(built-in filter)

In-service trouble shooting(built-in filter)

Metro/Core I&M

High-speed LAN/FTTH I&M

Consolidated AQ7270 into AQ7275 series