You may use your 8.1 notes and the vocab sheet

8-2: Carbon Compounds

• What are some similar properties shared by organic compounds?

• What are some properties of hydrocarbons?• What kind of structures and bonding do hydrocarbons have?• What are some characteristics of substituted hydrocarbons?

Science Standard 8.3.c: Students know atoms and molecules form solids by building up repeating patterns, such as the crystal structure of NaCl or long-chain polymersScience Standard 8.6.a: Students know that carbon, because of its ability to combine in many ways with itself and other elements, has a central role in the chemistry of living organisms.

Anticipatory SetWhat do all of these have in common?

They are all made up of forms of CARBON

InputOrganic

compoundHydrocarbonStructural

formulaIsomerSaturated

hydrocarbonUnsaturated

hydrocarbon

Hydroxyl groupAlcoholOrganic acidCarboxyl groupEsterPolymermonomer

See vocab sheet

Input & ModelingOrganic Compounds

Many organic compounds have similar properties in terms of melting points, boiling points, odor, electrical conductivity and solubility. Also called carbon compoundsThey can be found in:

living thingsproducts made from living things materials produced in labs

Input & ModelingOrganic Compounds

Properties (usually):Low melting pointsLow boiling pointsLiquids/gases at room temp.Have strong odorsDo not conduct electricityDo not dissolve in water

Input & ModelingHydrocarbons

Like many other organic compounds, hydrocarbons mix poorly with water. Also, all hydrocarbons are flammable

The most simple organic compounds Flammable/BURN EASILY- so used as fuels Examples:

Methane Ethane Propane

Input & ModelingStructure of Hydrocarbons

Can be classified by arrangement of atoms and by types of bonds between atoms

Only contains carbon and hydrogen elements Can form into chains, branched chains, or rings Each hydrogen has 1 bond Each carbon has 4 bonds There is never a “dangling” bond left

Input & ModelingIsomers

Compounds that have same formulas (same number of each element) but different structuresEach isomer has different characteristic propertiesExample: Butane and Isobutene THEY HAVE DIFFERENT

BOILING AND MELTING POINTS TOO!

Input & ModelingDouble Bonds /Triple Bonds and

Saturated/Unsaturated HydrocarbonsIn addition t forming a single bond, two carbons can form a double or triple bond

If there are ONLY single bonds= SATURATED hydrocarbon

End in -aneIf there are double/triple bonds= UNSATURATED

Ends in –ene or -yne

Input & ModelingSubstituted Hydrocarbons

If just one atom of another element is substituted for a hydrogen atom in hydrocarbon, a different compound is created.Examples:

Compounds containing halogensWith fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine

AlcoholsHas 1 or more HYDROXYLS (or –OH)Dissolve well in water, higher boiling points, liquid at room temp

Organic AcidsHas 1 or more CARBOXYLs (or –COOH)Also called citric acids, found in many fruits

Input & ModelingEsters

Many esters have pleasant, fruity smellsCompound made of a alcohol and an organic acid

PolymersOrganic compounds, such as alcohols, esters, and others can be linked together to build polymers with thousands or even millions of atoms

Polymers- many linkedMonomers- a smaller chain

Check for Understanding What are three types of

substituted hydrocarbons?Compounds containing halogensAlcoholsOrganic Acids

What are some Properties of organic compounds?

Low melting pointsLow boiling pointsLiquids/gases at room temp.Have strong odorsDo not conduct electricityDo not dissolve in water

Guided Practice/Independent PracticeGP: Write a paragraph summary of the

section OR

Pick 2 ways to synthesize the notes

IP: 8.2 Review/Reinforce