Your Friend, the Your Friend, the Periodic TablePeriodic Table

What it is, how it works, and how to use it.

The Modern Periodic Table

Early Periodic Table Developers

• Dobrereiner

• Newlands

• Mendeleev- father of the modern periodic table.

Mendeleev’s Table

Organization- Periods Groups or Families

Group/Family Names• Alkali metals- first family

• Alkaline Earth- second family

• Transition metals-columns in middle over to stair case

• Halogens

• Noble gases

• Actinide and Lanthanide rows

General Characteristics

• Metals- left of stair case, positive charge, ionic bonding.

• Nonmetals- right of stairs, negative or slightly positive charge, covalent bonding.

• Semimetals/Metalloids- on the stairs, like metals and nonmetals.

• Electron configuration- s, p, d, f

Periodic Trends• Radius- decreases going left to right.

Increases going down.• Electronegativity- (desire for electrons),

increases left to right, decreases going down.• Ionization energy- (the energy needed to

remove the outer electron) increases left to right decreases going down.

Information on the Periodic Table

• General Characteristics• Atomic Number (protons)• Average Atomic Mass (protons + neutrons)• Oxidation Number (charge(s))• Melting and Boiling Points• Electron Configuration• State- solid, liquid, aqueous, gas• Radioactive, synthetic

Periodic Trends• When moving left to right, add a proton.• Moving top to bottom, add an electron shell. • Oxidation numbers (charges) above families.• Electronegativity increases left to right, decreases

going down. • Ionization Energy increases left to right, decreases

going down. • Radius decreases left to right

and increases going down.

Pop Quiz

• Hot or Not?:

Using the Periodic Table?

Answer

•Using the Periodic Table is definitely HOT!

Question

• Hot or Not?:

• Memorizing the Periodic Table

Answer

• Memorizing information on the Table, aside from the symbols, is NOT!

Question

• Hot or Not?:

• Knowing general Periodic Trends

Answer

• Knowing general trends helps you use the Table and is definitely HOT!

Question

• Hot or Not?:

• Performance-enhancing substances

Answer

• Chemical enhancers are definitely NOT,

except for sugar and caffeine!

The End