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Youth Leadership TrainingDrug Information

Workshops

Youth Truth Matters - Youth Leaders Drug Education Workshops 1

Introduction

Youth Leadership Training - Drug Information Workshops

An important component to being an effective, confident leader and facilitator within the Youth Truth Matters Project is taking the time to learn the facts on the illicit drugs which exist within your community.

One of the objectives of the Youth Truth Matters Project is for youth to develop the ability to be champions and messengers for other youth about the dangers of illicit drugs. To accomplish the Youth Leaders will need to know the facts on illicit drugs. These mini presentations were designed to educate Youth Leaders and not designed for classroom presentations.

Within this section you will find a number for small information based power points which are to be used to educate current and new leaders on a variety of drugs. It is important to note that information surrounding certain drugs, particularly those that are newer (ie. Bath Salts), will likely change over time as more research is conducted. It is advisable to do a little extra digging before presenting the material to ensure the information is up to date.

Youth Leader Drug Workshops found in this section are:

Bath Salts Ecstasy/ MDMA Cocaine/Crack Salvia Heroin Methamphitamine K2/SPICE LSD/ Acid Over The Counter (OCT) Drugs

2 Youth Truth Matters - Youth Leaders Drug Education Workshops

Objective:

To educate Youth Leaders on the facts and other information surrounding illicit drugs through a series of power point presentations.

Materials:

Computer and speakers

Power Point Workshops (Flash Drive)

Facilitator Notes (Flash Drive)

Time Frame: 20-30 minutes

Process:

1. Print copy of corresponding facilitator notes to the drug power point you have selected to present.2. Familiarize yourself with the material on the power point as well as the facilitator notes. 3. Present Power Point

Things for the Facilitator to Consider:

Be sure the material is current if presenting material on newer illicit drugs. When presenting it is important to first read the material on the power point before delivering the

information from the facilitator notes. Practice the presentation to know exactly how long the presentation may take.


BATH SALTS

BATH SALTS

Facilitators Notes:

Slide #3:

It has been reported that the effects are 10x more intense then Cocaine. Because of the newness of “Bath Salts” there is limited and often sometimes conflicting information surrounding the side


effects. The euphoric sensation the users feel from this drug seems to outweigh the often times negative side effects.

Slide #4:

“Bath Salts” are a designer drug created by street chemists, thus making it difficult to know what chemicals are contained in any given batch.

Slide #5:

So what does this mean? Putting MDPV the list will put it in the same category as heroin and cocaine, and regulating it will make possessing, trafficking, importing, exporting and producing MDPV illegal.

Slide #6:

MDPV acts as a stimulant and can have similar effects as amphetamines. MVPD has been reported to have cocaine like effect on the brain where as it acts as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor.

Slide #7:

The salt- or sugar-like clumps are marketed online or in retail outlets as "plant food" or "bath salt” with to avoid regulation and drug control laws.

Another important loop hole in the marketing is labelling them not for human consumption which by passes a many number of regulation.

Slide #8:

Unlike other street drugs “Bath Salts” can be purchased at local Head Shops and other such stores that sell drug paraphernalia. In Fact one can purchase “Bath Salts” from the comfort of your own home with the simple click of a button.

There is no real danger or seediness around obtaining this drug, as one would expect to do with other illicit drugs. No having to meet and rub elbows with real active and often dangerous criminals.

Slide #9:

In the U.S. currently only a handful of states ban the sale of “Bath Salts”. The DEA has put a ban on the sale of the sale or possession of the three chemicals for a year while they investigate.

Slide #10:

It has been stated that there is currently no screening for “Bath Salts”, that unless a user tells you they have taken them then there is no way of testing due to the synthetic nature of the drug and is


undetectable with routine urine and blood drug tests. Tests that detect both MDPV and mephedrone are reported to be costly, and the time frame to detect is limited to approximately 48 to 72 hours.

Slide #11:

In comparison to other stimulants such as cocaine “Bath Salts” are more affordable as well.

Slide #12:

Recent media reports the use of “Bath Salts” have been linked to very scary behaviours such as cannibalism, extreme violence, murder and in some cases suicide.

Slide #13:

What is consistently reported that coming down from “Bath Salts” is worse than many other drugs (excluding heroin) which usually leads to re-dosing. Re-dosing just leads to perpetuating the cycle.


COCAINE Facilitators Notes:

Slide #3:

It was and still is used in religious ceremonies and used to combat debilitating effects of high altitudes. It is not uncommon to find children on the side of the road cultivating coca plants.

Slide #4:

It was cocaine’s euphoric and energizing effects on the consumer that was mostly responsible for skyrocketing Coca-Cola into its place as the most popular soft drink in history.


COCAINE

Many professionals also indorsed cocaine’s believed benefits. Sigmund Freud early in his career broadly promoted cocaine as a safe and useful tonic that could cure depression and sexual impotence.

Slide #5:

As one can see there are a variety of names out there for cocaine. The most common being “Blow”.

Slide #6:

Cocaine trafficking is one of the most dangerous and leading drug threat in the US. It is the second most trafficked illegal drug in the world. The sign of the scorpion used on these bricks indicate the gang/lab in which the cocaine has come from. It takes 500 kilos of the coca leaves to produce 1 kilo of cocaine.

Slide #7:

Athletic performance may also be enhanced in sports where acute attention and endurance is required. Anxiety, paranoia and restlessness are also frequent. With excessive dosage, tremors, convulsions and increased body temperature are observed.

Slide #8:

A sharp object such as a razor blade or Stanley knife blade is often used for cutting the cocaine as fine as possible.

When it reaches the nasal passages the coke is rapidly adsorbed into the blood vessels usually 30-90 sec. When using this method the peak is in 15-30 minutes and wears off in about 45 min. Often users believe this is the safer method of use in terms of lowering the risk of transmitting diseases (which is often associated with injection) however, one can still be at risk through sharing the funnel object used since blood vessels can bleed in the nasal passages.

Slide #9:

Injection/Intravenous: This method is the least common. Although the drug enters the blood stream more rapidly and more intense, is also quite short lived. The high only lasting 15 minutes. There is a higher risk of over dose with this method making it the most dangerous.

Smoking: Inhaling cocaine as smoke or vapors does speed up absorption due to the richness of blood vessels in the mouth and does offer lower health risk then injection.

Slide #10:

When crack cocaine is dry it is then broken down into “rocks”. Crack is usually heated and smoked. “Crack” refers to the crackling sound heard when it is heated. It’s approx. 75-90% pure cocaine. The high is similar to that of cocaine, yet slightly more intense but not lasting as long. The high from crack cocaine can last from 5 – 10 minutes, whereas with powder cocaine 15- 20


minutes. Crack cocaine is also cheaper than powder cocaine. All of these variables contribute to the higher addiction potential for addiction.

Slide #11:

Short Terms Effects: The intense feelings of euphoria have been compared to the intensity of sexual orgasm and pleasure. So intense that it has been reported that some users unable to control the intense feelings tend to ejaculate without any physical stimulation.

Slide #12:

The hallucinations in which users experience the so called cocaine bugs crawling on or just underneath the skin is known as formication. Some patients have been known to try and use cigarettes to burn the “bugs” off. As represented in the image dig and scratch themselves repeatedly.

Between 53% and 65% of chronic coke users develop a drug induced psychosis very similar to schizophrenia. “Coke Paranoia” episodes can last a few hours to a few days once the user has stopped taking cocaine.


ECSTASY or MDMA

Facilitators Notes:

Slide# 1: Title

Slide #2:

Ecstasy is usually referred to as a “designer drug”- this refers to the fact that the drug is produced by various street chemists and is made up of two or more drugs. It is not a pure drug. Ecstasy’s chemical structure is similar to meth.

Slide #3:


ECSTACY (MDMA)

However when tested some pills have no illegal drug content whatsoever. There have been rumours of pills containing MDMA can be cut with anything from LSD to caffeine means users can never be sure of what they're getting.

In a study of 315 Tablets it was found that 16% were pure MDMA, 67% contained MDMA with a side product and the remainder were various other drugs mixed to make a “ecstasy cocktail”.

Slide #4:

These pictures are set to show the difference between the ecstasy and its pure form of MDMA.

Slide #5:

The typical user’s high begins with little rushes of exhilaration, with tingling sensation and sometimes sweating. Often these feelings are accompanied by feelings of nausea and disorientation. Some find their stomach starts churning. Others experience a mild panic, especially if they're unfamiliar with the drug. These negative effects are usually short lived. One hit can last up 7-8hrs. When the high begins to fade it is usually followed by a period of extreme fatigue.

Slides #6:

MDMA resurfaced in the 60’s some physiatrists began to use it in their therapy practices as an aid for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). It also helped with general feelings of anxiety and depression

There was not a big spot light on “E” during the 60’s or 70’S because it had been pushed out by LSD which was more potent.

Ecstasy was not classified as an illegal drug until 1985. Until then the drug was legal to produce and distribute.

Slide #7:

MDMA can induce a sense of euphoria, an illusion of a heightened sense of intimacy with others, and diminished anxiety. Often referred to as the “hug drug” or “love drug”.

The potential danger of hyperthermia is all the greater for clubbers, the relaxing effect allows them to dance for a long time without feeling tired. But in doing so they are pushing their body temperatures up further often without proper hydration.

Slide #8: Short Term con’t.

At higher doses, MDMA can produce physical effects resembling amphetamine, including fast or pounding heartbeat, sweating, dizziness, restlessness. MDMA overdose can also occur - the


symptoms can include high blood pressure, faintness, panic attacks, and in severe cases, a loss of consciousness, and seizures.

It has also been reported that there is a reduced interest in and pleasure from sex have been observed in regular MDMA users.

Slide #9: Long Term con’t.

People who use ecstasy often may lose weight and develop chronic exhaustion, fatigue, and muscle aches. This is due largely to the fact that user often doesn’t realise the limits that ecstasy can push one’s body. There is a real disconnect between that the body perceives and what is actually occurring.

They often have trouble sleeping and may be anxious and depressed.

Some people develop flashbacks, delusions, hallucinations, and psychotic symptoms that last after the effects of ecstasy have worn off.

Slide #10:

It is possible to develop an addiction to the effects that Ecstasy/MDMA has on the users life. That the drug will take on an important role in his/her life. Like many other drugs, more is needed to recreate the previous high, a tolerance is created. However, it is very rare that one can develop a PHYSICAL dependency on ecstasy.


Heroin

HEROIN

Facilitator Notes:

Slide #1: Title

Slide #2: Street Names

Slide #3: The poppy plants pod produces and milky white sap that is refined to produce morphine, which is used medically. Opium is further refined to create heroin, which is a highly addictive drug that many user find impossible to overcome. The withdrawal of heroin use is quite unpleasant and often painful for a habitual user.

Slide #4: During the 1850 the addiction to opium had escalated to very major problem. To combat the problem morphine was developed and seen as a solution. However, morphine soon became an even bigger problem. 1898 heroin was developed by the Bayer Company which is the makers of Aspirin! It was


developed and marketed as a treatment for tuberculosis as well as an aid in combating the addiction to morphine. How heroin got its name was from the testers who reported that they felt Heroic when using it!

Slide #5: The most popular method of use for heroin is to injecting it into the user’s veins. Most users who start out with other methods such as snorting or smoking quickly abandon many of their initial fears of the possible health risks associated with intravenous use largely because of the immediate and intense rush it provides.

Slide #6: Cooking heroin to make it liquefied is a process by which the user would dissolve heroin in a spoon with water or glucose and water. It I then heated until boiling, drawn back into a syringe. It is injected while it is still warm.

Slide #7: Smoking also known as chasing the dragon is another popular way that people abuse heroin. The opiates are absorbed through the lungs by inhaling the vapour through a funnel. People believed that if they smoked or snorted heroin then they wouldn’t become addicted and that it is less dangerous. Although many deaths are related to intravenous use, it is possible to die from smoking heroin. It is reported that 80% of heroin is destroyed by the heat of smoke. This is why many users move on to intravenous use when the tolerance to smoking has been reached.

Slide #8: Insufflation or snorting is quite common and is similar to the way that one would use cocaine. This method is one of the more popular next to injection and is also based on the myth that one will not become addicted. No matter the method of use heroin is highly addictive even after just one use. Even though the first high could feel horrible, many somehow feel drawn to it again. One user described it as “clinging to you as an obsessed lover”.

Slide #9: Booting is referred to an attempt to inject an opiate tablet that was meant for oral consumption. They cannot inactivate the fillers that are used in the making of such drugs. This can create intensive scaring at the point of injection. It is not uncommon to find many additives in street grade heroin. Heroin in the most pure form is white. It is the additives that may change the colouring.

Street heroin can be “cut” with various poisons that cannot fully dissolve when cooked. This can pose many dangers to the user by clogging blood vessels that led to important and vital organs. The potency of street grade heroin is also an unknown variable which puts the user at higher risk of overdose.

Slide #10: Heroin takes a high toll on the user’s physical appearance. Heroin suppresses the appetite and weakens the body’s immune system thus a typical abuser is left looking sickly and thin.

Slide #11: Heroin Addicts tend to increase their daily dosage level 100% over time. They do this to try and recreate or to chase their initial rush. Over time the brain begins to stop creating its natural endorphins. Eventually they hit a “threshold effect” where the user is no longer getting high. They are just taking them to function.

Slide #12: The initial and euphoric rush of heroin is short lived. The intense high only last for a few minutes and can often be accompanied shortly after by some not so pleasant and dangerous side effects. Heroin accounts for half of all drug related deaths. Even though there are many mental and physical side effects to heroin use there are also financial and emotional ones. When user is in the throes of a full blown addiction the only thing that matters to the user is the next fix and alienating themselves from their past life for their new life with heroin at its centre focus. The addiction to heroin as with many addictions puts the user in


financial distress and well as a risky and dangerous lifestyle. A typical Heroin is estimated to spend between $300- 400 /wk. on the drug.

Slide #13: The longer the addiction continues the more destructive long-term effects of heroin use become. As mentioned before concerning the importance of the drug in the user’s life as the degree of the heroin addiction increases, behaviors such as lying, cheating, stealing, missing work, financial problems, and legal issues all emerge in the user’s life as well unfortunately as those in the abusers life. With all of these obvious negative side effects why continue to use? The withdrawal phase from heroin is scary and painful and the user often succumbs to the craving and need for the drug and relapse rate is high.

Slide #14: Common heroin withdrawal symptoms include: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, chills, a runny nose, goose bumps, sweating, tears, insomnia, aches and pains in the muscles and joints, extreme restlessness, yawning, abdominal cramps, dilated pupils, and overall flu-like symptoms. Many individuals also experience psychological symptoms including anxiety and depression, with severe cravings for the drug. Heroin withdrawal can also cause muscle spasms in the legs which causes the person to kick (“kicking the habit”). Heroin withdrawal symptoms can be extremely uncomfortable and the user may feel and believe they are going to die but are not life threatening.

Slide #15: Overdose on heroin is a very real concern and even a great risk with intravenous users. Overdose can happen very quickly beginning with respiratory depression, reduced consciousness, pinpoint pupils, with death occurring from respiratory arrest. Death usually occurs 5-10 minutes after intravenous use. There is often a very little window for someone to receive medical attention. The picture used on this slide is an illustration of the quality of life one woman now has from being saved from an overdose of heroin.


K2 SPICE

Facilitator Notes:

Slide #1: Title

Slide #2:

Street Names, K2 can often be purchased with different blends called Standard, Blonde, Citron, Summit, and Blue. Some packages can come with different flavours as well.

Slide #3:

K2 /Spice are a relatively new drug on the market emerging in 2002, gaining popularity in US and Canada in 2009. K2 is an herbal blend of herbs and spices that is sprayed with synthetic psychoactive chemical of which the active ingredient is JWH-018. This chemicals compound is reported to have the same effects as THC (which is the main ingredient in cannabis). However, it has been discovered that JWH-018 and its cousins are much more intense then THC.

Slide #4:


K2/Spice

Like “Bath Salts” manufactures of K2 are able to find a way around the legalities that controlled drugs have buy marketing these products as not for human consumption. On many of the labels of K2 list incense and potpourri as its contents. Unlike cannabis, the new drugs have never been tested in humans. Not only have synthetic cannabinoids not been tested, nearly all were created for experimental use in animals and cell cultures. This makes human usage even more dangerous. Even the creator of the chemical compound JW-018 has open warned against its usages. Like other designer drugs there is no way of telling how much or what other chemical compounds are being used.

Slide #5:

The method of use for K2/Spice is found to be similar to marijuana use. It can be mixed with tobacco and rolled in papers. The price point is similar approximately 30-40 dollars for a 3 gram bag. Often when purchasing via the internet the higher the quantity, the lower the price. Much like when one would buy illicit drugs from a street dealer.

Slide #6:

Although K2/Spice is called “fake pot”, there is nothing fake about its effects. Many users have reported the effects to be much more intense with K2. Some other effects that have been reported include a loss of control, lack of pain response, increased agitation, pale skin, seizures, vomiting, profuse sweating, and uncontrolled / spastic body movements. There are a number of articles that have blamed severe depression and suicide to the use of K2/Spice.

Slide #7:

There is no known standard urine drug test currently for K2/ Spice. It is possible to test for the compounds through blood tests; however this test must be administered before the effect wear off. This legal high is made even more attractive to those individuals that undergo drug testing for their jobs. There will likely be no test for this drug until it is deemed illegal. There has been movement in the US towards banning the substance however I does not seem as though Canada is following their lead.



LSD

LSD

Facilitators Notes:

Slide #1:

Title and image of LSD blotters one the most common forms of LSD distribution

Slide#2:

Street names of LSD. The most common being ACID

Slide #3:

It is made from lysergic acid which was an accidentally discovered compound from a dangerous ergot fungus that grows on rye and other grains.

The fungus is so strong that to ingest grain products containing the fungus could result in vasoconstriction (blood vessels constricting) that it has been known to cause auto amputation.

Slide #4:

It is very potent- pure LSD the size of a small pill is enough for approximately 3,000 doses. On the street LSD can be sold as a powder in capsules or tablets.

Slide #5:Youth Truth Matters - Youth Leaders Drug Education Workshops 1

9

LSD

The most common form of LSD, are called “blotters" or "blotter acid"- small squares of absorbent paper that are soaked with LSD.

Each small square contains one individual dose of LSD.

Slide#6:

Blotters are often printed with colourful illustrations or cartoon characters. Blotters are often printed with colourful illustrations or cartoon characters.

Slide #7:

LSD crystals are dissolved into liquid which can be sold in small breath freshener droppers or applied to sugar cubes, gelatin squares ("window panes"), gum, candy, cookies or even postage stamps

This can pose many dangers for young children who might not understand that their beloved gummy bear is in fact now laced with LSD. Also in marketing LSD this way also appeals to a younger market.

Slide #8:

LSD diffuses into all tissues of the body including the brain. The effects of LSD are felt gradually within 30-60 minutes after the “hit”, peak within 2 to 4 hours and gradually diminish within 10-12 hours. The first 4 hours are often referred to as a "trip". There is no control over the experience the user has once taken. If the user has a bad trip they have to ride it out, there is no way to come out.

Slide #9:

A diagram to illustrate some of the possible physical side effects.

LSD users also experience loss of appetite, sleeplessness, dry mouth and tremors. The effects of LSD are unpredictable, there are a number of variables that can affect how a person will react; such as amount taken, mood and personality and surroundings.

Slide #10:

An individual’s ability to make sensible choices and to be aware of danger is significantly impaired. For instance a user may believe that they can fly and jump off a roof. Some users believe that they can hear colours and see sounds. Even a person’s ability to touch can be impaired, making something that otherwise common into something frightening. LSD can cause extreme panic in fear if the user has a bad trip.

Slide#11:

In some rarer cases, flashbacks have lasted longer, but are generally short-lived and mild compared to the actual LSD "trip". Flashbacks can incorporate both positive and negative aspects


of LSD trips, and are typically elicited by triggers such as alcohol or cannabis use, stress, caffeine, or sleepiness


METHAMPHETAMINE

METHAMPHETAMIN - Facilitator Notes:

Slide #1: Title and common street names.

Slide #2:

Methamphetamine increases wakefulness and physical activity, produces rapid heart rate, irregular heartbeat, and increased blood pressure and body temperature. The user experiences and intense rush or “flash” that only last a few minutes. However, with Crystal Meth the rush can last for as long as 20 minutes.

Slide #3:

As this image illustrates that meth replaces normal functioning dopamine transmitters in the user’s brain. The meth creates and false since of happiness and over all wellbeing. After a period of detox the dopamine transmitters do begin to replenish however there is long term damage.

Slide #4:

As with the intravenous use of any drug, if a group of users share a common needle without proper sterilization procedures, blood-borne diseases, such as HIV or hepatitis, can be transmitted.

Slide #5:22 Youth Truth Matters - Youth Leaders Drug Education Workshops

Intravenous users risk developing pulmonary embolism (PE), a blockage of the main artery of the lung or one of its branches, and commonly develop skin rashes (also known as "speed bumps") or infections at the site of injection.

Slide #6:

Methamphetamine usually comes in powdered form and can be compressed into a tablet to be taken orally, or snorted (much like cocaine). Crystal meth is a product that is found in clear chunky crystals through the re-crystallization of methamphetamine. Thus making inhalation one of the more popular methods of use for meth.

Slide #7:

Meth can also be smoked off aluminium foil, which is heated underneath by a flame much like heroin. This method is also known as "chasing the white dragon“. Crystal Meth is has a higher level of purity and its high can last up to 12 hours.

Slide #8:

Because meth is a stimulant the user tend to think they can do anything, thus pushing their bodies at times beyond its limits. Continued use and its effect of decrease in feeling of hunger can have severe adverse effects on the user’s outward appearance through extreme and dramatic weight loss.

Slide #9:

Many users suffer varying degrees of brain damage, which include memory gaps. The damage to the brain is comparable to those who suffer with Alzheimer’s disease, stroke and epilepsy to those who recover.

Slide #10:

"Meth mouth” name used for tooth decay/ rotting attributed to heavy meth use. According to the American Dental Association, meth mouth "is probably caused by a combination of drug-induced psychological and physiological changes resulting in dry mouth, long term poor oral hygiene, increased consumption of sugared soft drinks, and teeth clenching and grinding (bruxism)."

Slide #11:

While Crystal Meth withdrawal symptoms can be very intense, they are generally psychological in nature. The addict going through the withdrawal process will experience symptoms of anxiety, agitation, extreme violence, paranoia, sleeplessness, and intense cravings for the drug. It is possible that it is the user’s lack of energy, extreme depression and inability to experience pleasure (because meth has replaced the rains ability to produce dopamine) that the user believes the only way to feel better is to return to the drug. It is not uncommon for a long time user to become suicidal when detoxing.

Slide #12:


Methamphetamines is a synthetic man made drug. These dangerous chemicals are commonly used in “cooking meth”. Meth can be made in a variety of locations from a one bottle meth lab to a whole house.

Slide #13:

Image illustrating various ingredients that can be found in meth production.

Slide #14:

Due to the dangerous materials used to “cook” meth, meth labs are highly explosive. There is very little room for error in the production of meth and often the “cooks” are themselves users which lends to very costly mistakes. Meth labs are prone to explode and sometimes can cost people their lives and endanger those who live around it. The number of Methamphetamine labs seized in Canada increased by 925% between 1998 and 2003. Police rely heavily on the public to report their suspicion of a meth lab in their neighbourhood.


Over the Counter Drugs - OCT

Facilitators Notes:

Slide #1: Title

Slide #2:

OTC’s are safe for general consumption if taken exactly as prescribed by the packaging. These medications are readily and easily accessed by minors.

OTC’s are not limited to various medications used to treat colds, headaches, sinuses, sleeping aids and diet pills. OTC can and do include mouth wash and hand sanitizer.

Slide #3: Street Names for OTC

Slide #4:

DXM has been used in cough syrups and some cold medications since the 1970’s. It is the primary ingredient used for cough suppressants replacing codeine.

DXM is found in more than 120 non-prescription cough and cold medications.

Cough and Cold tablets contain more DXM then liquid syrups.

Slide #5:

OTC abuse with teens and tweens is mainly due to the fact that medications containing DXM are legal, readily available (without a prescription) and inexpensive.


OVER THE COUNTER DRUGS

OCT

The tablets and gel caps are making it easier for teens to carry the drugs around with them so that they can abuse easier throughout the day while keeping it concealed.

Slide #6:

Because drinking large volumes of cough syrup causes vomiting, the drug is being extracted from cough syrups and sold on the Internet in a tablet that can be swallowed or a powder that can be snorted. There are also internet sites that provide you with tips and dosing calculators that help users figure out how much they’ll need to take for their weight to get the best buzz.

Slide #7:

At the doses recommended for treating coughs (1/6 to 1/3 ounce of medication, containing 15 mg to 30 mg dextromethorphan), the drug is safe and effective. At much higher doses (4 or more ounces), dextromethorphan produces effects similar to those of PCP and ketamine.

Slide #8:

This is done to expel the other ingredients in the medicine that produce unwanted effects, while still getting the high they are seeking.

Slide #9:

Short and Long Term Side Effects:

Impaired vision, speech and judgment Confusion Lack of motor coordination Hypothermia Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea Abdominal pain Increased heart rate and blood pressure Disorientation and/or loss of consciousness Cerebral hemorrhages Seizures and/or permanent brain damage In some cases death!

Slide #10:

However, it is possible to become addicted to DXM. As like with most addiction there is a process of withdrawal.


Slide #11:

DXM is not the only over-the-counter drug that teenagers are abusing. The list also includes diet pills, sleep aids, a motion sickness medication, pain relievers and antihistamines.

Slide #12:

A number of teenage girls and boys can feel a lot of peer pressure to look a certain way and the often rapid weight loss offered through diet pills can be very appealing.

Slide #13:

These are just some of the dangerous and addictive substances found in diet pills. Herbal, sometimes referred to as “natural” weight loss products, can be just as dangerous as diet pills.

All of these substances act as stimulants to the central nervous system and much like speed, can have serious and potentially fatal side effects.

Slide #14:

Just about every grocery store, pharmacy, convenience store and health food store carries these highly addictive diet pills.. The risk of using these pills is that it can also lead to eating disorders like Anorxia, Bulimia and Compulsive Overeating.

Slide #15:

Just a few more side effects to list:

Vomiting Anxiety Irritability Insomnia Loss of libido Blurred vision Dry mouth Paranoia Menstrual irregularities Death

Slide# 16: Motion Sickness Medication

Slide #17:

Extreme drowsiness can be a problem and it can lead to Narcolepsy, which is characterized by short sleep episodes and sudden and abrupt weakness in the arms and legs. Sleep aids can also exert a stimulant effect that disrupts the teen’s regular sleep pattern.



SALVIA DIVINORUM

SALVIA DIVINORUMFacilitator Notes:

Slide #1:

Title – As one can see the salvia plant looks very similar to many other garden plants.

Slide#2:

A list complied of a few of the most common names for Salvia.

Slide# 3:

Mazatec Shamans use the hallucinogenic attributes of Salvia D. to induce visions and enter a high state of consciousness during healing ceremonies and rituals. This practice is still being used today. There are many websites devoted to promoting the high state of being that come from using Salvia D.

Slide #4:

Salvia D is a perennial herb in the mint family that resembles sage. There are a number of garden centres that one could find a member of the Salvia family. However, Salvia D. is the only one that possesses the active component of Salvinorin A.

Slide#5:

The federal government says products containing salvia divinorum and its active ingredient, salvinorin A, are considered natural health products and, as such, must be authorized by Health Canada before they can be sold. However, our government and law enforcement seem to do little concerning enforcing the sale and distribution of Salvia D.

Slide #6:

When chewed, the leaf mass and juices are maintained within the cheek area with absorption occurring across the lining of the mouth. Effects first begin to manifest themselves within 5 to 10 minutes.


Dried leaves, as well as extract-enhanced leaves (which have been enriched with Salvinorin A) are also smoked. Smoking pure Salvinorin A, at a dose of 200-500 micrograms, results in the effects appearing within 30 seconds and lasts about 30 minutes. This is much more potent then chewing.

Slide #7:

Salvia is sold as seeds, plant cuttings, whole plants, fresh and dried leaves, extract-enhanced leaves of various strengths (e.g., 5x, 10x, 20x, 30x), and liquid extracts. It is not uncommon to find Salvia products being sold in local shops (e.g., head shops and tobacco shops).

Slide #8:

These images are to help create a visual image of how Salvia is marketed just like any other product that one might find in a health food store.

Slide #9:

The truth is Salvia is rather affordable when compared to quantity of another drug for the price.

Slide#10:

The effects of salvia are short lived. The hallucinogenic effects of Salvia can last anywhere from 15 minutes and in fewer cases up to one hour. Were user goes through a ‘psychedelic’ experience.

High doses of the drug can cause unconsciousness and short term memory loss.

In most cases the user has no control over the effects that the drug will have on them. Making Salvia a very big gamble.

Slide #11:

Psychedelic experiences can normally include closed and open eye visualizations, time distortion, social dissociation, altered thought patterns, altered behaviour, dreamlike/childlike states, increased in sensations, changes in body temperature, senses of fear or panic, increased perspiration, introspection, feelings of presences outside the norm as well as feeling like one has traveled ‘somewhere’ else.

Slide #12:

Salvia has been sold as a Natural Food Product and as such it has to be regulated by Health Canada which it has not, therefore making it illegal!

Slide #13:

Most websites suggest that the user use Salvia in a safe place with people you know and at least one person who is not on it to monitor the situation. They are referred to as “The Sitter”.



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