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Ʉɪɚɬɤɢɟ ɡɚɦɟɬɤɢ ɨ ɩɭɬɟɲɟɫɬɜɢɢ: ɆɨɫɤɜɚȼɢɥɶɧɸɫɌɪɚɤɚɣɄɚɭɧɚɫɊɭɧɚɥɚɊɢɝɚɘɪɦɚɥɚ- ɋɢɝɭɥɞɚɌɚɥɥɢɧɆɨɫɤɜɚ Ɇɚɪɲɪɭɬ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɟ ɜɩɟɱɚɬɥɟɧɢɟ ɉɪɢɛɚɥɬɢɤɚ ɧɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɜɯɨɞɢɥɚ ɜ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɬɟɯ ɦɟɫɬ ɦɢɪɚ, ɝɞɟ ɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɯɨɬɟɥ ɛɵ ɩɨɛɵɜɚɬɶ. ɉɪɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɢɡɦɟ ɨɧɚ ɫɱɢɬɚɥɚɫɶ “ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɨɣ”, ɧɨ ɫɟɣɱɚɫ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɧɟ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɨ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɜɫɹ “ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɚɹ” ȿɜɪɨɩɚ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɚ ɢ ɭɠɟ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɚ ɦɧɨɣ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɯ ɩɨɟɡɞɨɤ ɷɬɢɦ ɥɟɬɨɦ ɩɨ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɟ ɢ ɂɫɥɚɧɞɢɢ, ɦɧɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɚɫɶ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɨɣ ɢɞɟɹ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɬɶ ɬɟɦɵ ɷɬɢɯ ɞɜɭɯ ɩɭɬɟɲɟɫɬɜɢɣ (ɛɵɜɲɢɟ ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɟ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɢ ɫɟɜɟɪ), ɩɨɛɵɜɚɜ ɜ ɩɪɢɛɚɥɬɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɯ. Ɇɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɭ - ɧɟ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ, ɚ ɱɢɫɬɨ ɩɨɡɧɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ. ɇɚɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɷɬɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɥɢɫɶ ɤ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɬɢɥɸ ɠɢɡɧɢ? ɏɨɪɨɲɨ ɥɢ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɧɚɥɚɠɟɧ ɬɭɪɢɡɦ? ɂɡɦɟɧɢɥɨɫɶ ɥɢ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɩɪɨɯɥɚɞɧɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɪɭɫɫɤɢɦ? Ɍɚɤɠɟ, ɯɨɬɟɥɨɫɶ ɜɨɨɱɢɸ ɭɜɢɞɟɬɶ ɢ ɪɚɡɨɛɪɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɛɹ, ɱɟɦ ɷɬɢ ɬɪɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ -. Ɇɨɣ ɫɤɟɩɬɢɰɢɡɦ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɉɪɢɛɚɥɬɢɤɢ ɤɚɤ ɞɨɫɬɨɣɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɭɬɟɲɟɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɟɡɞɤɢ ɪɚɡɜɟɹɥɫɹ. ȼ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɢɡ ɟɺ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɟɫɬɶ ɧɟɩɥɨɯɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɨɩɪɢɦɟɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ; ɤ ɬɭɪɢɫɬɚɦ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɠɢɬɟɥɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɝɨɫɬɟɩɪɢɢɦɧɨ, ɡɚ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɜɲɢɦɢɫɹ ɫɬɚɪɢɧɧɵɦɢ ɭɥɨɱɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɨɣ ɩɨɜɫɸɞɭ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɯɚɠɢɜɚɸɬ. Ⱥɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɚ ɉɪɢɛɚɥɬɢɤɢ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɦɢ ɫɬɨɥɢɰ – ɫɤɭɱɧɨɜɚɬɚɹ, ɬɢɯɚɹ, ɦɟɥɚɧɯɨɥɢɱɧɚɹ, ɧɨ ɢ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɪɨɣ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɢɡɸɦɢɧɤɭ. ɑɬɨ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɣ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɉɪɢɛɚɥɬɢɤɢ, ɬɨ ɜɫɟ ɨɧɢ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ: ɤ ɤɚɤɨɦɭ ɫɨɫɟɞɭ ɧɚ Ɂɚɩɚɞɟ ɫɬɪɚɧɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɛɥɢɠɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ, ɧɚ ɬɨɝɨ ɨɧɚ ɜɫɸ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɸ ɢ ɪɚɜɧɹɟɬɫɹ. Ʌɢɬɜɚ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɛɥɢɡɤɚ ɤ ɉɨɥɶɲɟ; Ʌɚɬɜɢɹ ɬɹɝɨɬɟɟɬ ɤ ɒɜɟɰɢɢ ɢ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɢ, ɧɨ ɟɺ ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɚ ɩɨɯɨɠɚ ɧɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ; ɗɫɬɨɧɢɹ ɜɨ ɜɫɺɦ ɛɟɪɺɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɫ ɪɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɟɣ Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɢ. ȼɫɺ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ – ɥɸɞɢ, ɫɬɢɥɶ ɠɢɡɧɢ, ɨɛɥɢɤ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɜ ɜ ɉɪɢɛɚɥɬɢɤɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɯɨɠɢ. Ɉɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɟɬ ɷɬɢ ɬɪɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɢ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɚɹ ɱɟɪɬɚ, ɤɚɤ ɤɪɚɣɧɟ ɧɢɡɤɚɹ ɞɥɹ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ. ɉɪɢ ɩɪɢɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ, ɜ Ʌɢɬɜɟ ɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɬɪɢ ɦɢɥɥɢɨɧɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ, ɜ Ʌɚɬɜɢɢ – ɞɜɚ, ɜ ɗɫɬɨɧɢɢ – ɩɨɥɬɨɪɚ. ɇɚ ɜɫɸ ɉɪɢɛɚɥɬɢɤɭ - ɨɤɨɥɨ ɫɟɦɢ ɦɢɥɥɢɨɧɨɜ ɠɢɬɟɥɟɣ, ɱɬɨ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɵ Ɇɨɫɤɜɵ -.
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