ICANN    &  DNS  ECOSYSTEM  

Yaovi Atohoun, Stakeholder Engagement & Ops Manager - Africa DNS Entrepreneurship workshop | Accra - Ghana | May 19-20, 2016

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DNS Ecosystem

Q/A

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Agenda

IANA Transition ICANN in brief

ICANN IN BRIEF

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What is ICANN?

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is a global multistakeholder, private sector-led organization that manages Internet resources for the public benefit

¤  ICANN  coordinates  the  top-­‐level  of  the  Internet's  system  of  unique  iden;fiers  via  global,  mul;stakeholder,  boAom-­‐up  consensus  policy  processes,  with  the  outcome  of  those  processes  implemented  via  the  IANA  Func;ons.

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ICANN AROUND THE WORLD

Africa Engagement Office in Nairobi from April 2016

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“Stakeholder” refers broadly to anyone who has an interest in the Internet Within ICANN, stakeholders include: The multistakeholder community functions on bottom-up consensus building which, by design, is resistant to capture due to the openness, diversity and equal division of authority among participants ICANN’s  private  sector-­‐led  mul;-­‐stakeholder  community  supports  the  success  of  the  Internet’s  DNS

What is the multistakeholder community?

Large and small

businesses

Civil society Researchers and academics End users Governments Technical

community

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Business

Government & Governmental Organizations

Civil Society

Domain Name Industry

Internet Users

Academic

Technical

ICANN’s Global Multistakeholder Community

•  Private-sector companies •  Trade associations

•  National governments •  Distinct economies recognized in

international fora •  Multinational governmental and treaty

organizations •  Public authorities (including UN agencies

with a direct interest in global Internet Governance)

•  Academic leaders •  Institutions of higher learning •  Professors •  Students

•  Protocol developers •  Equipment and software

developers •  Network operators •  Technical researchers

•  Non-governmental Organizations •  Non-profits •  Non-commercial Users •  Think Tanks •  Charities

•  Registries •  Registrars •  Domain organizations

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Les « parties prenantes » sont toutes les personnes ayant un intérêt quelconque pour Internet Au sein de l'ICANN, les parties prenantes incluent : La communauté multipartite fonctionne sur la base d'un consensus ascendant qui, par définition, résiste à l'appropriation grâce à son ouverture, sa diversité et la répartition équitable de l'autorité entre les participants. La communauté multipartite de l'ICANN, dirigée par le secteur privé, soutient la réussite du DNS Internet.

Qu'est-ce que la communauté multipartite ?

Petites et grandes

entreprises

Société civile Chercheurs et universitaires Utilisateurs

finaux Gouvernement

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Communauté technique

IANA STEWARDSHIP TRANSITION & Enhancing ICANN Accountability

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The  IANA  Func;ons  evolved  in  support  of  the  Internet  Engineering  Task  Force,  and  ini;ally  funded  via  research  projects  supported  by  the  U.  S.  Department  of  Defense,  Advance  Research  Projects  Agency.  

ICANN was created to perform the IANA Functions and has done so pursuant to a no-cost contract with the Department of Commerce for over 15 years

What are the IANA Functions?

These functions include: ¤  The coordination of the

assignment of technical Internet protocol parameters

¤  The administration of certain responsibilities associated with Internet DNS Root zone management

¤  The allocation of Internet IP addresses

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The U.S. Government’s Announcement

14 March 2014: U.S. Government announces intent to transition its stewardship of the IANA functions to the global multistakeholder community

¤  Asked ICANN to convene global stakeholders to develop a proposal

¤  The multistakeholder community has set policies implemented by ICANN for more than 15 years

Why now?

The U.S. Government’s announcement: ¤  Marks the final phase of the privatization of the DNS ¤  Further supports and enhances the multistakeholder

model of Internet policy making and governance ICANN was asked to serve as a facilitator, based on its role as the IANA functions administrator and global coordinator for the Internet’s Domain Name System (DNS)

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Transition Requirements set by NTIA

NTIA has stated that the transition proposal must have broad community support and address the following four principles:

Support and enhance the multistakeholder model

Maintain the security, stability and resiliency of the Internet DNS

Meet the needs and expectations of the global customers and partners of the IANA services

Maintain the openness of the Internet

NTIA also specified that it will not accept a proposal that replaces the NTIA role with a government-led or intergovernmental organization solution.

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Two Parallel Processes The community developed and is following two parallel processes:

           IANA Stewardship Transition Focused on delivering a proposal to transition the stewardship of the IANA functions to the multistakeholder community

Enhancing ICANN Accountability Focused on ensuring that ICANN remains accountable in the absence of its historical contractual relationship with the U.S. Government

To drive the processes, the community created multilayered, transparent and diverse working groups to foster discussion and within those groups, has developed working methods and systems for determining consensus

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Developing Proposals

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CWG Proposal

CRISP Proposal

IANAPLAN Proposal

ICG ICANN

ICG Proposal

CWG Stewardship

CRISP

IANAPLAN

CCWG Accountability

Linkage

ICANN Board NTIA

CCWG Proposal

NTIA Announcement and Criteria

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An Unprecedented Multistakeholder Effort

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Delivery of IANA Stewardship Transition Package

At ICANN55 in Marrakech, the IANA Stewardship Transition and Enhancing ICANN Accountability proposals were submitted to the ICANN Board

⦿  After launching a short review period, the ICANN Board issued resolutions to transmit both proposals to NTIA at their Board Meeting at the end of the conference

⦿  The package of proposals was transmitted to NTIA on 10 March 2016, almost exactly 2 years after the transition was announced

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A Look Ahead: Phases 2 and 3

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Implementation: Bylaw Preparation

Through mid-April 2016…

⦿  ICANN legal will coordinate with the two external law firms that have provided support to the CCWG-Accountability and CWG-Stewardship (Sidley Austin and Adler & Colvin) to prepare proposed changes to the ICANN Bylaws to implement the changes outlined in the IANA Stewardship Transition Package  

⦿  The  draO  Bylaws  will  be  put  out  for  public  comment  prior  to  Board  approval,  and  once  adopted,  ICANN  will  no;fy  NTIA  of  the  adop;on  

⦿  NTIA  has  stated  that  the  Bylaws  must  be  adopted  before  NTIA  can  issue  a  report  on  the  transi;on  proposal  

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Implementation: Pre-planning

In addition to the Bylaw Preparation, significant pre-planning for implementing changes to:

⦿  The Root Zone Management System (RZMS)

⦿  Elements proposed in the ICG Proposal, such as the Post-Transition IANA (PTI) and Customer Standing Committee (CSC)

are underway and will continue to develop over the coming weeks and months

For updates on this work visit: https://www.icann.org/stewardship-implementation

ICANN AFRICA STRATEGY

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5 years ago, Our Journey Started here in Africa

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Today;    aOer  5  Years  &  over  15   ICANN   mee;ngs,   we  reflect  on  our   journey  as  we  get   ready   for   the   2nd   phase  2016   –   2020.   We   are   in  Africa  to  stay  

2 Later  Conceived  the    first  Africa  Strategy  2012  -­‐  2015  

Ministerial  Communiqué  during  ICANN  42  (2011)  ,  Later  a  9  Member  WG  (ASWG)  in  2012  

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Our Overarching Objective In Summary, 2 major objectives :

           Transform the DNS & Internet Industry in Africa by Facilitating capacity development and Cultivate an environment for the emergence of an Africa grown domain name industry and business.

Promote Awareness and Meaningful Participation in ICANN and the wider IG Ecosystem by Africa in partnership with other I* and Af* Organizations.

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Significant Gains in the last 3 Years

u Overall Improved Visibility for ICANN in the region

u Multiple communication channels with Community (Lists, webinars…)

u  Topical Workshops ( Focusing on emerging issues like IP & Trademarks)

u  Additional L-Root copies deployed (Tanzania, Mauritius, Seychelles, Morocco… )

u Over 14 DNSSEC Roadshows (.TZ, .KE, .ZM signed as a result)

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Significant Gains in the last 3 Years

u  Special IANA Awareness Campaigns in April – June 2015

u Over 8 additions to GAC reps (Namibia, Sierra Leone, Mozambique, The Gambia, Chad, Burundi…)

u  DNS Business Exchange Program (Inaugural interns to IP Mirror in April 2015)

u Over 300 Registrars / Registries from 6 Countries trained so far on DNS Marketing

DNS ECOSYSTEM

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Domain Name Services

IANA  is  responsible  for  the  opera;on  and  maintenance  of  a  number  of  key  aspects  of  the  DNS,  including  the  root  zone,  and  the  .int  and  .arpa  domains.    The  DNS  Root  Zone    IANA  is  the  global  coordinator  of  the  DNS  root.  The  root  is  the  upper-­‐most  part  of  the  DNS  hierarchy,  and  involves  delega;ng  administra;ve  responsibility  of  “top-­‐level  domains”,  which  are  the  last  segment  of  a  domain  name,  such  as  .com,  .uk  and  .nz.  Part  of  this  task  includes  evalua;ng  requests  to  change  the  operators  of  country  code  domains,  as  well  as  day-­‐to-­‐day  maintenance  of  the  details  of  the  exis;ng  operators.      More  at  hAps://www.iana.org/domains    

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The new Generic Top Level Program

The  New  generic  Top-­‐Level  Domain  Program  was  developed  to  increase  compe;;on  and  choice  in  the  domain  name  space.  Hundreds  of  new  strings  have  been  delegated  and  con;nue  to  be  added  to  the  domain  name  system.    The  applica;on  window  opened  on  12  January  2012,  and  ICANN  received  1,930  applica;ons  for  new  gTLDs.  On  17  December  2012,  ICANN  held  a  priori;za;on  draw  to  determine  the  order  in  which  applica;ons  would  be  processed  during  Ini;al  Evalua;on  and  subsequent  phases  of  the  program.  These  applica;ons  were  processed  by  ICANN  staff  and  evaluated  by  expert,  independent  third-­‐party  evaluators  according  to  priority  numbers.  

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The new gTLD application breakdown by Region

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New gTLD program statistics

https://newgtlds.icann.org/en/program-status/statistics

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Domain Name registration Process (i)

u  In order to reserve a domain, a registrant must register it with one of almost a thousand ICANN-accredited registrars. The registrar will check if the domain is available and create a WHOIS record with the registrant’s information. It is also possible to register domains through a registrar’s resellers.

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Domain Name registration Process (II)

https://whois.icann.org/fr/processus-denregistrement-des-noms-de-domaine

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Reach us at: Email: yaovi.atohoun@icann.org Website: icann.org

Thank You and Questions

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