14
Mark Duvall Director, Energy Utilization Governor’s ZEV Summit March 6 th , 2014 ZEVs in Other States – Status Update
Mark DuvallDirector, Energy UtilizationGovernor’s ZEV Summit
March 6th, 2014
ZEVs in Other States – Status Update
2© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Status of PEV Market – National
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Total vehicle re
gistratio
ns
Plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles Battery electric vehicles
3© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Status of PEV Market – NationalPEVs Share of New Vehicle Sales
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Total vehicle re
gistratio
ns
Plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles Battery electric vehicles
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.5%
0.6%
0.7%
0.8%
0.9%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
4© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Status of PEV Market – New YorkPEVs Share of New Vehicle Sales
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Total vehicle re
gistratio
ns
Plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles Battery electric vehicles
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.5%
0.6%
0.7%
0.8%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
5© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Status of PEV Market – OregonPEVs Share of New Vehicle Sales
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Total vehicle re
gistratio
ns
Plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles Battery electric vehicles
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
6© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Status of PEV Market – VermontPEVs Share of New Vehicle Sales
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Total vehicle re
gistratio
ns
Plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles Battery electric vehicles
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
0.0%
0.2%
0.4%
0.6%
0.8%
1.0%
1.2%
1.4%
1.6%
1.8%
2.0%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
7© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Status of PEV Market – GeorgiaPEVs Share of New Vehicle Sales
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Total vehicle re
gistratio
ns
Plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles Battery electric vehicles
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.5%
0.6%
0.7%
0.8%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
8© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
A Tale of Two Infrastructures
9© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
• Residential issues• Multi-unit and tenant dwellings• Relatively high initial costs• High adoption of Level 1 at very low cost
• Workplace• Potential has grown—see as driver of
adoption• High installation costs, scaling issues
• Public Charging– Clustering – need to build out
networks– Long-term sustainability
of infrastructure– Underestimated difficulties of locating infrastructure
Residential
Workplace
Public
What Have We Learned to Date?
10© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Residential
Workplace
Public
What Does Sufficient Infrastructure Look Like?Quantity, Location, Technology
Local workplace EVSE requirements
PHEV40 – Level 1 Charging
11© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Residential
Workplace
Public
What Does Sufficient Infrastructure Look Like?Quantity, Location, Technology
Public EVSE requirements
BEV100 – Level 2 Charging
Range of 1-5 DC Chargers per 1000 BEVs (at this point in market)
12© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Assumptions
• 150,000 mile lifetime• Incentives:
– $7,500 Federal Tax Incentive– $5,000 State of Georgia
• Replacement Fuel Economy – 24 MPG• National Rolling Average for Gasoline & Electricity
– $3.62/gallon– $0.12/kWh
• Comparison vehicles were matched based on feature-package and dimensions– Generic Hybrid: Prius, Camry, Fusion Hybrid, Civic Hybrid– Generic Conventional: Honda Civic, Cruze, Focus,
Volkswagen• Prius is a III/IV
13© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
An Example of BEV Total Cost of Ownerhship2013 Nissan Leaf
$32,288
$37,288
$44,949 $44,325 $40,603
$-
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
$50,000
$55,000
LEAF - Georgia LEAF GenericConventional
Generic Hybrid Prius
Life
time
cost
of o
wne
rshi
p (2
014$
)
Purchase Maintenance GasolineElectricity Replacement Cumulative
14© 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Status of PEV Market – GeorgiaPEVs Share of New Vehicle Sales
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Total vehicle re
gistratio
ns
Plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles Battery electric vehicles
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
0.0%
0.1%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.5%
0.6%
0.7%
0.8%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
0.0%
0.5%
1.0%
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2010 2011 2012 2013
Vehicle registratio
n share
Volt LEAF Prius Plug‐in Model S C‐MAX Energi
Fusion Energi Focus Electric Remaining PHEV Remaining BEV
