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Editors: Sikhanda Satapathy

Prachee Behera Asha Mishra

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iii

The 42nd Annual OSA Convention Committees

Convener Tapan Padhi

Co-convener Debasis Nanda

Pradeep Mohapatra (OSA)

Advisory Board Chitra & Jagannath Rath

Vishnu & Hari Arjun Patro

Swati & Niranjan Tripathy

Aditya Samal

Mrutyunjay Pani

Pratap Das

Dhirendra Kar

Nihar Samantara

Logistics Subhankar Mishra - Chair

Manoj Nanda

Naba Tripathy

Ashok Naik

Manoj Singh

Girija Samantray

Prabhat Das

Anam Sahoo

Registration & Marketing Saroj Mohapatra - Chair

Pankaj Patra - Co-chair

Sanjay Das

Ranjan Rout

Manoj Nanda

Manoj Padhi

Prem Sahoo

Sandipan Misra

Diganta Naik

Rabindra Sahoo

Sabyasachi Naik

Girija Samantray

Sriprakash Das

Stage, L ights & Audio Debasis Nanda - Chair

Niranjan Tripathy

Santanu Das

Sanjay Behera

Sukant Mahapatra

Sachi Behera

OSA Southwest Chapter President Gopal Mohapatra

V ice President Prashanta Ranabijuli

W eb & G raphics Santanu Das - Chair

Saroj Mohapatra

Loknath Patro

Sanjay Das

Amit Padhi

M edia & Communication Satchi Naik - Chair

Shovan Prusty

Hara Satpathy

Santanu Patra (Houston)

Pinky Patra (Houston)

Girish Das (Austin)

Anant Patel (Houston)

Business Symposium Ashok Khuntia ! Chair

Deepak Mohapatra

- Co-chair

Debadutta Dash - Co-chair

Satyakam Nanda - Co-chair

Smarak Bhuyan

Sukant Baliarsingh

Gopal Mahapatra (Houston)

Manas Pattnaik (Houston)

Somdutt Behura (Houston)

Deepak Mohapatra

Hari Patro

Debasis Nanda

Tapan Padhi

Seminars & B reakout Smarak Bhuyan - Chair

Kailash Sahoo

Deepak Mohapatra

Goutam Das

P. K. Sahoo

Bibhu Rout

Manas Pattnaik (Houston)

Ashok Agarwal

Mamata Misra (Austin)

Tapasi Misra (San Antonio)

Souvenir & Directory Sikhanda Satapathy - Chair

Prachee Behera (Austin)

Asha Mishra

Budget & F inance Loknath Patro - Chair

Sriprakash Das

Manas Padhi

Jayant Mahanty

Food & Hospitality Subrat Acharya - Chair

Jagannath Rath - Advisor

Pankaj Patra

Sukant Mahapatra

Monalisa Panda

Kalyani Sahoo (Houston)

Decoration & Facility Sheffy Das - Chair

Itishree Rout

Monika Das

Swati Das

Chayanika Prusty

Mausimi Jena

Monalisa Panda

Vishnu Patro

Cultural Tapas Sahoo - Chair

Swati Tripathy - Advisor

Saroj Mohapatra

Subhendu Rath

Smaranika Raut

Iti Rout

Krishnasri Putrevu

Mausumi Chanda

Sukant Baliarsingh

Thampi Sahoo

Prachi Mohapatra

Sarita Das (Houston)

Tina Satapathy (Austin)

Brajendra Panda (Arkansas)

Bindi Mohanty (Houston)

Awards and Guests Gopal Mahapatra - Chair

Biswaranjan Jena

Sanjay Das

Sanjay Behera

Fund raising Monika Das - Chair

Sribachha Panda

Manoj Singh

Omkar Rath

Jayant Mohanty

Pradeepta Sahoo

Sura Rath

Satyakam Nanda

Biswa Jena

Niranjan Tripathy

Hari Patro

Bibhu Rout

Subhranshu Mishra

Priyaranjan Dash

Ranjan Misra

Ashok Agarwal

Saroj Patnaik (Austin)

Aditya Samal (Houston)

Lisa Das (Arkansas)

Manas Pattnaik (Houston)

Youth & Sport Activities Omkar Rath - Chair

Reena Patro

Tapannita Padhi

Raj Patro

Ravi Epili

Shovna Tripathy

Ankita Patro

Somya Tripathy

Prakesh Pattnaik Jr.

Sweta Mishra

Lipu Mahapatra

Miki Das

Ankita Nayak

Aakankhya Patro

Lipi Sahoo

Sikha Naik

Suvankar Mishra

Gautam Das

Suchismita Pahi (Houston)

Soma Mitra-Behura

(Houston)

Meha Mohapatra (Houston)

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iv

OSA Administration (2009-2011)

OSA Executives and Staff Members

Position1 Name Email Phone President Dr. Bigyani Das bigyanidas_osa@yahoo.com 410-531-7445

Vice President Mr. Pradeep Mohapatra pagela@yahoo.com 908-684-9506

Secretary2 Dr. Annapurna Pandey

Mr. Pitambar Sarangi

Adpandey101@gmail.com

pitambar_sarangi@yahoo.com

831-427-1232

732-360-1762

T reasurer Dr. Akhileswar Patel akhileswar.Patel@gmail.com 973-517-5406

Editor-in-Chief Mr. Sridhar Rana sridhar_rana@yahoo.com 908-269-5264

Co-Editor Dr. Julie Acharya Ray ankapa67@yahoo.com 807-415-9490

W eb Admin. Mr. Sarang Mahatwo m_sarang@yahoo.com 908-269-5235

OSA Board of Governors

President Dr Bigyani Das bigyanidas_osa@yahoo.com 410-531-7445

Vice President Pradeep Mohapatra pagela@yahoo.com 908-684-9506

Secretary Dr Annapurna Pandey Pitambar Sarangi

Adpandey101@gmail.com pitambar_sarangi@yahoo.com

831-427-1232 732-360-1762

Treasurer Dr Akhileswar Patel Akhileswar.Patel@gmail.com 973-517-5406

Past President Pratap Das pratapdas1@gmail.com 301-972-8059

Chapter Presidents/Representatives

Chapter Name Chapter Head Email Phone

Chicago Ashok Parida bobparida@hotmail.com 630-851-2235

Grand Canyon Debasis Panda dpanda@cox.net 480-963-5914

Maryland - Virginia Anadi Naik acnaik@aol.com 410-489-5887

Michigan Pushpita Bhuyan (Ray) pushpitabhuyan@gmail.com 248-528-1953

Minnesota/Northwest Sarat Mohapatra (Representative: No Vote)

saja0702@yahoo.com 651-739-0426

New England Nishikant Sahoo nsahoo@yahoo.com 603-888-2095

NewYork-NewJersey Lalatendu Mohanty lmohanty@yahoo.com 908-672-1292

Ohio Arata Tran Rout Arata.Rout@gmail.com 614-855-3720

Ozark (central) Radha Gobinda Mohanty rmohastat@charter.net 636-220-6588

South East Bidhu Das bidhudas2003@yahoo.com 919-367-2844

Southern Amar k. Pani amarkpani@gmail.com 901-372-0555

South-West Gopal Mohapatra gkmohapatra@gmail.com 281-807-6787

Washington, DC Gatikrishna Tripathy gatikrishnat@gmail.com 703-579-6583

Canada Sabita Panigrahi Sabitapanigrahi @rogers.com

416-223-2756

1 Only president, vice-president, secretary and treasurer are elected positions.

2 Dr. Annapurna Pandey resigned on February 12, 2011 and Pitambar Sarangi took charge on February 19th, 2011.

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vi

The President's Message

Our Holistic OSA

Welcome to the 42nd Annual Convention of The Orissa Society of the Americas (OSA)!

I am thrilled to meet all of you, the dedicated and distinguished members of this historic organization with many distinguished personalities from the state of Orissa, the motherland for many of us and the heritage for our children and grandchildren. I commend the organizing team and OSA members of South West Chapter for their hard work, dedication and success in assembling a rich and wholesome program for your enjoyment.

!"#$%&'()*+),#-&.$(#/).,#).,#0#)*+).,&1)2#$-31)4*'5#'.&*')&1)678-)9#-&.$(#/)78-):-&;#</)&=#=/)6>%1,2$2$)>0$-$) >0$)?*8-$@$<=) A-*0) &.1) $0@&.&*81) @#(&''&'() &') BCDC) .*) .,#) "-#1#'.) 7!>) &1) .,#) *'E2) *'#)organization of Oriyas in North America that has taken this prominent role in preserving and promot-ing Oriya culture in the distant land for 42 years.

Fellow OSA Members, for two years it has been my honor to serve you as your president. After this convention, the presidency will pass to a successor chosen by you, the OSA members. I join all OSA members in offering best wishes to 2011-2013 OSA President Dr Annapurna Pandey and her team-members.

For two years irrespective of the opposing forces and obstacles, our administration strived to expand opportunity and hope in OSA. It gives me immense delight looking back over the achievements during the two years. We have made promising mark in grace, growth and glory. The details of our struggle and success are presented in the annual report section.

I am filled with gratitude to many members, volunteers, my executive team and BOG; however, one person I reserve to bestow my greatest gratitude is my husband Naresh Das, who has tolerated my absence from many special moments in his life and to our caring and understanding daughters, Bagmi, Mrunali and Shashwati, who suddenly matured with OSA community concepts. I thank all the OSA Members for the trust you have bestowed on me by raising hands in 2009 Trenton convention. I thank you for the countless acts of courage, generosity and grace that I have witnessed these past two years.

F2).#$031)#'5&1&*'#;)+8.8-#)+*-)7!>)&'4E8;#;)*8-);-#$0 organization where members are intellectu-ally ignited, culturally enriched, emotionally stable, spiritually enlightened and socially committed. I leave this dream to the next team for their care and nurture.

Living is the art of loving. Loving is the art of caring. Caring is the art of sharing. Sharing is the art of living. If you want to lift yourself up, lift up someone else. - Booker T. Washington

And so, my friends, my fellow OSA members, thank you for your continued confidence and trust, which have made each of these two years in OSA an outstanding year. Let us live to love, to care, to share and make our organization holistic together.

It is an honor to be your president, May God bless the organization and our next president, Dr Anna-purna Pandey! And may God bless you all!

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G*'5#'#-31)0#11$(#

On behalf of the convention organizing committee of volunteers, I

take great pleasure and pride in welcoming you all to the 42nd Annual OSA Convention 2011 in Plano, Texas. The convention host team appreciates your participation and support, and has made every effort to make your trip to Dallas memorable and pleasurable. If there is some-thing that might make your stay here more pleasant, please let any of our team members know.

This year is the 75th anniversary of modern Odisha. Our forefa-

thers gave their best to see the best in us. Today we have gathered here not just to celebrate another year of convention but also to respect their hard work, dedication and sacrifice. We offer you OSA11 as a traditional convention with a difference: in addition to traditional mix of culture, entertainment, seminars and social networking, OSA11 brings you several additional features that we hope will set a benchmark for years to come. A major focus at OSA11 is the celebration of platinum jubilee of Odia Cinema and Odisha formation day. "Our Herit-age, Our Pride" aka "Akshaya Amara Aama Gouraba" is the theme of OSA11. We bring our cultural inheritance, our spiritual wealth, our rich history to guide and inspire us in this land of opportunity which is our home. They are our inherent strength, the talisman of our inalienable pride. As we come together again to celebrate our origins, we celebrate this tradition and our individual talents and collectively build our compound identity as Odia Americans, reaching new heights of success in a new century, keeping alive a great heritage, and weaving it into the fabric of our daily life!

During the last seventy-five years, we have made a lot of progress in every field you can think

of. Education, health, industrialization, culture, art, literature, entertainment and sports H in every field we have made a noticeable presence. Over these years we have also reaffirmed our image as a gentle, soft-spoken and amicable people, I,&4,)&1)%'*I')$1)67;&$'#11<=)Be it the opening ceremony or the seminars or the cultural shows, you will see the celebration of our achievement, heritage, culture and Odianess. I hope you will enjoy and cherish every moment of the convention.

This year also marks the 75th anniversary of Odia cinema. We are fortunate to have eminent

personalities from the Odia cinema (Ollywood) among us today to celebrate this milestone. We will be taking an Ollywood journey spanning this seventy-five years which you will find enthralling and nostalgic. We are proud of our distinguished Odias, who have been invited to grace the occasion including cultural icon of Odisha, Ms Jharana Das, Information Commissioner-in-Chief to the Govern-ment of India Mr. Satyananda Mishra, distinguished entrepreneur Ms. Jagi Mangat Panda, retired DG Police and revered spiritual ambassador Guruji Shri C.B. Satapathy, award-winning literary figures Yashodhara Mishra and Paramita Tripathy; legendary music composer Mr. Shantanu Mohapatra, singers who have enriched Odia music, Mr Chitta Jena and Mr Prasanta Muduli, accomplished Odissi dancer who has lost one leg in accident but still performs mesmerizingly, Mr Nityananda Das and many other highly talented and respected artists from Odisha.

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Our seminars focused on Odisha and the Odia Diaspora in the Americas and across the globe

with theme of bridging past to present and building the future together. OSA11 seminar tracks are exciting and inspiring as they are aimed at translating ideas into reality; featuring topics pertinent to the present day milieu. Speakers are erudite, and have a wealth of knowledge and experience in their respective area of excellence. Our constant effort is to provide a platform for panel discussion, experi-ence sharing, brainstorming on ideas and topics of practical usefulness and tangible value which will transcend beyond the convention.

Our business symposium will be held on Friday, July 1st to further business relationship be-

tween Odisha and Texas. A government and business delegation from Odisha will meet with their counterparts in this event to explore investment opportunities in Odisha. This symposium "Gateway to India-Odisha" is being held concurrently with OSA11 the day before the convention activities begin, featuring Congressman Jim McDermott and a number of young Odia entrepreneurs. It provides a platform for initiating business collaborations & partnerships and new investment opportunities for US and Indian businesses.

At the center of our convention are our own members, particularly our youth group. We intro-

;84#) $) 6J*8.,) F#'.*-1,&") K*8';.$@E#/<) I,#-#) *8-) 2*8.,) (-*8") -#"-#1#'.$.&5#1) 1"#$%) $@*8.) .,#&-)chosen professions and o++#-)0#'.*-1,&") $;5&4#) .*) .,#&-) 2*8'(#-) "##-1L) $) 6J*8.,)G$-##-) A*-80) /<)where our youths candidly discuss sensitive issues such a1)6M,*)N#4&;#1)02)G$-##-O<)$'; 6:8-18&'()My Dreams: Dealing with Parent/ :##-):-#118-#1=<)We hope that their concerns get to the center of 7!>31)4*'4#-'1, as the organization comes of age. Please spare some time to come to these ses-sions and listen to their discussions.

A lot of people have worked hard and have made generous monetary contributions to make

this event a memorable one for you. I thank each and every volunteer, participant, attendee and sponsor from the bottom of my heart. I hope, we will transport you to an Odia land for three days that will so excite you that by the time OSA11 comes to an end you will start making plans for coming to the next.

Best wishes to each one of you.

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ix

Co-!"#$%#%&'()*%((+,%

P.1)Q#R$1/) &.31) .,#)S8E2)Tth weekend, it31);#+&'&.#E2)(*&'().*)@#),*.=)Then I,$.31).,#-#)&')&.)+*-)0#O

OSA convention is not just to have cultural extravaganza, or place filled with seminars. This is where we re-live our past, in the company of our friends, at the same time giving the younger generation a colorful glimpse of their rich heritage.

P').,&1)2#$-31)7!>)G*'5#'.&*')2*8)4$')#R"#4.).*)+&';)$)blend of favorite traditional fares and some innovative ones. As we strive to deliver the right mix of culture, entertainment, and awareness, our goal is to broaden participation of the North American Oriya community at all levels, especially from younger generation, and to increase the number of chapter representations.

As convention organizers we have always tried, with varying degrees of success, to get our second-generation youth actively involved in the organization's activities. We believe that it is possi-ble to get the youth group more interested and involved in the convention if they have more freedom and control to determine and develop their own agenda. We urge the parents to make sure that this information reaches their children and encourage them to get involved. With the help of the current OSA Youth Committee, we have created a process, which will hopefully accomplish this objective. I cannot thank enough our convention volunteers and participants who have put countless hours of hard work and dedication to make this an exciting experience for all of you starting with the mesmeriz-ing inaugural function. I am looking forward to an exciting convention and meeting all of you. Hope you all will cherish the memories of the 42nd OSA convention and the southern hospitality.

Debasis Nanda

Message from the OSA-Southwest Chapter President

On behalf of Southwest chapter of Orissa Society of the Americas (OSA), I welcome you all to the 42nd annual convention in Plano, Texas. The southwest chapter, known for its hospitality, is proud to host the conven-tion for the third time. As this year marks the 75th anniversary of modern Orissa as well as Odiya cinema, we have gone an extra step to make this event enjoyable and memorable for you.

I am very thankful to members of SW chapter to make this event pos-sible. My special thanks goes to people of Greater Dallas area who shoul-dered this responsibility and to all those who were generous with their finan-cial contribution and time. Without their help, this event would not have been possible. I also take this opportunity to thank our guests from Orissa who came to join us in this celebration of Orissa culture, heritage and progress. Enjoy the convention, meet old and new friends, stay cool in this hot Texas weather and be safe. Thank you and best wishes. Gopal Mohapatra

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xiv

About the Cover Page$

Prachee Behera Putting a face on the compilation of thoughts we take back from the OSA convention is not a trifling effort. However, I knew just the person for it, Rashmi, a talented graphic designer who is also a cousin of mine. With her artistic abilities and inputs from Souvenir committee members it was going to be done quickly. In reality it has taken a few months, sixty-four emails and many phone calls to get this cover page to its present form. The maati-lipa texture is reminiscent of the simplicity of rural Odisha; Konark wheel of its advanced architectural history. The boita picture found on a blog site speaks of 7;&$) .-$;&.&*'1=) Q*)0#) &.) -#"-#1#'.1) .,#) (E*-&*81) "$1.) $';) $E1*) .,#) "-#1#'.) (#'#-$.&*'13) ;#1&-#) .*)preserve it and even recreate it. The theme of the convention speaks for itself and the Sambalpuri saree border designs boast the artistic and entrepreneurship talents in Odisha. The innovative con-vention logo and the nostalgic OSA one make it the Souvenir of the 42nd Convention of the OSA. I wish to acknowledge and appreciate the sources of all the artistic contributions to this cover. For me this experience of helping to get the Souvenir ready for print has been like a journey, a journey in which I met many new people and gained new perspectives on places and cultures and from where I have returned refreshed, informed and maybe even wiser. I gained a sense of the birth of OSA, its childhood and present adulthood. I had to ask myself what Heritage and Gouraba mean to me, an Odia. As I forced myself to reflect, I awakened to a renewed sense of pride. Growing up in Jharuapara, Sambalpur, encounters with Heritage was a commonplace occurrence. It was not just while waiting for the Puri Ratha to start so that Brahmapura Gudi31)K$.,$)4*8E;)"-*4##;=)Not just while watching Sitalsasti procession from our overcrowded balcony or waking up before sun-up on a moon-lit night to accompany my grandmother to the ghata behind our house, to float a small bamboo boat on the Mahanadi and pray to an unknown entity on the river bank. Heritage was imbibed unknowingly while people around me went on with their daily activities. Somewhere along the way, I picked up the art of intricate jhuntis by imitation, learnt to tell the Bichitrapar and Saptapar designs on Sambalpuri clothes apart and absorbed the preparation methods of numerous Odia foods. It was a few years before I started realizing the significance of these daily doses of endowments. That, the Brahmapura temple hid the essence of the Puri deities for a century or two while invaders searched to defile it. That it was Trijata, a Demon not a God, who was worshiped every year on Karthik Puni morning; a Demon who supposedly befriended and comforted Sita during her captivity, at Lanka. That Padmashree Krutartha Acharya was a legendary artist, not the name of a saree store. More importantly, I realized all this was a part of the bigger Odia cultural heritage. I still continue to stumble upon the similarities, the subtle variance as well as the distinctly unique customs of the thirty different districts that comprise this common Odia culture and heritage. However, my work with the Souvenir took me further than I had previously cared to venture. It was a journey both necessary and overdue. It took me to the realization that I carry the torch of the Kalinga warriors, men and women, who fought to keep their enduring independence and democracy and who finally, fell to the Mauryan army, only to instantly transform the Chandashoka into an emissary of Ahimsa. To the revelation that ancient Odia mariners traversed oceans to trade with not just the Pacific islands but also Europe, Africa and perhaps even South America (on copper clad boitas as far back as the 3rd 4#'.8-2)UG/)4#'.8-&#1)@#+*-#).,#)V8-*"#$'1)W;&14*5#-#;3).,#1#)E$';1X=)F2)1*8-4#1)*+)information range from the expected: books and testimonials of elders, to the modern media: blogs and images on the internet, to the totally unexpected: a thesis of the University of Hawaii. A question I came to ask is why so much of this was new to me, even though I have lived more than 20 years in Odisha. Why when I learnt about the sepoy mutiny in high school, there was little mention of the

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xv

"#*"E#31)-#1&1.$'4#)&');&++#-#'.)"$-.1)*+)7;&1,$/)I,&4,),$;)1*)-$..E#;).,#)U-&.&1,).,$.).,#2),$;);#4&;#;)to chop up the state and had persisted to strip Odisha of all indigenous power, culture and even its E$'(8$(#=)Q,*1#)$'1I#-1)"#-,$"1)$-#)&')$'*.,#-)Y*8-'#2/)*')$'*.,#-);$2Z One realization I am tempted to share however, is that Heritage is not something that has been. Little did the sadhaba bahus know that they will be starting a tradition, celebrated even when overseas travel became a matter of hours. Little did the mistris that worked the rocks under the sun know that poems would be written in their honor and that their work of art, the Konark would be adored by generations even after it had tumbled. Little did the few Odias who organized a get-together because they missed being home fathom what OSA would develop into only a few decades later. All our efforts, actions and interactions whether being at an Odia party, cooking bhoga for Jagannath puja or contributing to OSA activities and Odia culture is in essence, bequeathing our Heritage, the one that will be. Being aware of this should surely give us a reason to strive for perfection in our work, sincerity in our actions and graciousness in our interactions as the people from Odisha. It did for me at least, as I added my bit to this, the Souvenir of the consequential 42nd convention of the OSA.

THE COVER PAGE CREDITS

Rashmi Pujari, for the graphic design of the cover pages of the Souvenir/Journal and the Directory for OSA Convention 2011. Rashmi is a freelance graphic designer based in Philadelphia, PA. She is originally from Sambalpur, Odisha but has grown up in Delhi, India. She holds a Certificate in Graphic Design from the University of Pennsylvania, PA and a BFA (Applied Art Major) from Delhi University, India. Her interests include Odissi, making cartoons, cooking and racquet sports besides her love of drawing and painting watercolors. To learn more about her work please visit www.rashmipujari.com. Santanu Das, Dallas, Texas for the design of the OSA11 Symbol: A confluence of cultures. 6Q,#) E*(*) ;#1&('#;) +*-) 7!>) G*'5#'.&*') [\BB) &1) $) 120@*E&4) -#"-#1#'.$.&*') *+) .,#) 4*'+E8#'4#) *+)cultures. It exemplifies the coming together of the rich ethnic Odia, Indian, and Texan cultures. The manifestation of Lord Jagannath is represented by the black center portion and the sacrosanct black and white circles. Odia culture is further represented by symbols of Durga puja and colors of Odissi tahia and Pipli chandua art. The Indian culture is represented through the colors of Holi. The five point Texan star $E1*)&'4E8;#1).,#)4*E*-1)*+).,#)Q#R$1)+E$(=< Lt. Arun Das, for the design of the now familiar OSA symbol. He was a major contributor to OSA and lent his artistic talents to many Odia cultural activities in OSA conventions. Tanmay of Elusive42, for his photograph, Boita Bandana, included in his blog post compilation of recent wall paintings in the state capital, "Bhubaneswar Wall Paintings - 7-&2$) G8E.8-#=<) Q$'0$2)%&';E2) 4*'1#'.#;) .*) .,#) +#$.8-&'()*+) ,&1)",*.*)I&.,) .,#)I*-;1/) 6F2)(*$E) &1) .*) 4*008'&4$.#)our rich ,#-&.$(#).,-*8(,).,&1)"*1.)$';)$'2)"8@E&4$.&*')*+).,#)"&4.8-#1)I*8E;)*'E2)$8(0#'.)02)"8-"*1#=< http://elusive42.windforwings.com/2009/05/bhubaneswar-wall-paintings-oriya.html

Unknown artist, for the wall painting at Bhubaneswar, which has been photographed. This is one of many murals, conceptualized and executed by the Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation to promote $';)"-#1#-5#)67-&11$31)48E.8-$E)] traditional history, art, festivals, rituals, village life, tribal art, folk tales $';)"*-.-$&.1<)I,&E#)$E1*)"-*5&;&'()E*4$E)$-.&1.1)I&.,)*""*-.8'&.&#1=)

Tapan Padhi, Bigyani Das, Gagan Panigrahi, Tapas Sahoo, Debasish Chanda, Sura Rath, Sikhanda Satapathy, Asha Mishra, Manas Behera and Pravanajan Behera, for their resourceful-ness and feedback.

Prachee Behera lives with her husband, Manas in Austin, TX. An engineer by profession, she reads voraciously and writes sporadically. Prach.b@gmail.com

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OOSSAA TTOODDAAYY

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2

OSA 2009-2011 Administration and Annual Report

OSA National Executives (2009-2011)

!"#$%&#'()$*reflection For two years irrespective of the opposing forces and obstacles, our administration, OSA 2009-2011 administration strived to expand opportuni-ty and hope in OSA. We have recruited about 100 new permanent member families for OSA and about 100 annual family members. We have facilitated successful regional drama festival events and inspired chapter events in local chapters to carry out !"#$%& '()*+,-.*%/& 0*& 12.*& 1'%,*3& ,4'& (*%,&conventions in OSA history, 2010 California convention and 2011 Texas Convention. A successful Invest-Orissa symposium in California convention and the follow-up symposium in Bhubaneswar have accomplished the goal of 5'56728-9-:;& !"#$%& :2<*& -:& !8-%%2& 41-7*& +'n-,8-(6,-:;&,'4283%&!8-%%2$%&3*.*7'5<*:,/&0*&12.*&made amendments to the constitution by involv-ing members in each phase of the decision making process. These amendments have added stability to the foundation of our organiza-tion. Our newsletters were timely and full of richness in information as well as creativity. While I write this, my thoughts return to the main meeting room of the Patriot Center, in Trenton, New Jersey where I addressed OSA members for the first time as OSA president. However, that meeting witnessed the terrorism in the form of lawsuit harassment in which a member had attacked the society by collaborating with a non-member and tainting the reputation of the organization by wrongful made-up accusations. With strong member allies at our side and with support from OSA Board of Governors (BOG) we stood strong in our effort to fight the evil and ill. Then there came a day to rejoice with complete victory and glory to the organizational repute. Filing a lawsuit against a socio-cultural voluntary organization for losing in an election for unpaid volunteer positions and harassing volunteers for that reason is wrong every time, everywhere. Working hard to free the society from the terrorist mindset is eternally right. This organization and its members must continue to act for defending

the dignity of the organization and to advance the cause of fellowship and friendship. Sailing through difficult times, our administration practiced 3 important leadership assets, control, clarity and confidence. Our goals were clear: to add prosperity and growth, to bring back OSA$%&dignity, to eliminate evil and ill, and maintain control even if challenged with wrong accusa-tions. It was not easy to practice control, but we did and I congratulate each of my team members for being a part of this great mission. There have been questions on the expense for the lawsuit. Money is recoverable, but dignity is not. We restored dignity and wiped out the taint. We can recover the financial health of the society. Our work will continue till the mission of complete financial recovery is achieved. We, the OSA officials and members did not choose this lawsuit; it came to us when we took office and almost destroyed our mission and envisioned goals, for which we have volunteered our time to the organization. As members of OSA we will never tolerate our organization being threatened, nor stand and take refuge when our volunteers are harassed and the organization is ridiculed. Protecting the dignity of the organization be-comes the first and foremost duty of each member of the society and its leaders. It has been the privilege of a lifetime to serve as OSA president. There have been good days and tough days for making tough decisions. I have always acted with the best interests of OSA in mind. I have followed my conscience and done what I thought was right. There is legitimate debate about many of these decisions. But there can be little debate about the results.

Dr. Bigyani Das The following are some highlights of our activities: 1. OSA web documents: About 95% of our web pages are updated and have become self explanatory. Members are requested to check OSA webpage at

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3

http://www.orissascoiety.org frequently for society news and updates. Please review and let us know if any information has been missed or needs to be corrected. 2. OSA newsletter Utkarsa: OSA newsletter Utkarsa is published regularly. Congratulations and thanks to OSA editors Sridhar Rana and Julie Acharya Ray for their hard work. You are requested to check the newsletter for information on various OSA activities. http://www.orissasociety.org/osaftp01/publication.htm 3. OSA 2010 and OSA 2011 Conventions: We had very successful conventions in California in 2010 and in Texas in 2011. 4. Membership growth: OSA has been able to add more than 100 new life member families and a few upgrades during this period. 5. Committees: Various committees are formed to look after specific OSA activities. Please visit OSA website and review the web page on committees to know more. We have planned to use 80% of our resources for our members and the development OSA. We will devote 15% of our resources for Orissa!" devel-opment and collaboration and the rest 5% for international relationship.

6. Handling lawsuit filed by Amit Nayak and Anshuman Bal et al.: This was an unfinished business from 2007-2009 OSA administration. Mr. Amit Nayak and Mr. Anshuman Bal together with a non-member Agni Jandhyala had filed their lawsuit as revenge for losing in the election. There was a hearing on May 26th, 2010. OSA won the case with the help of OSA attorney Ms. Linda Dorney and tireless work of OSA 2009 Election Committee members Mr. Purna Mishra, Mr. Chitta Baral and Mr. Debendra Mallik, OSA

2007-2009 executives Mr. Pratap Das, Mr. Ashutosh Dutta, Mr. Priyadarsan Patra and Mr. Sandip Dasverma and 2009-2011 executives Dr. Bigyani Das and Mr. Pradeep Mohapatra. However, the plaintiffs again filed for en-banc review and the final hearing was on December 10, 2010. OSA won the case. Details are availa-ble at: http://www.orissasociety.org/osaftp01/Legal/osa_legal_information_gateway.htm 7. OSA communication: OSA 2009-2011 administration added a web page to explain OSA communication. Please check at http://www.orissasociety.org/osaftp01/communication_ethics_and_osanet.htm to know more. OSAnet is currently used as a discussion forum as well as a medium for disseminating OSA information. Please use this forum by adhering to #$%&'(%)'"*+ ,$-+ .&/%)%"0-.0%1)!"+ 21-'+ 3.($'+ %"+45'"6'207*+5'"6'20+81-+ 09'+1-#.)%:.0%1);+ -'"6'20+for other members and respect for the self are the attributes we expect to see in each and every communication in every OSA medium. 8. Chapter relations: OSA administration was having regular BOG meetings and email com-munication for improving chapter relation, forming new chapters and formalizing chapter operation procedure. Jogesh Panda, Leena Mishra and Nilamadhab Nanda, past and pre-sent chapter presidents are members of the Chapter Relations Committee. Please come forward and share your ideas for better chapter operation guidelines. 9. A new Chapter-Grand Canyon Chapter: A new chapter was formed in November 2009 in Arizona. This was possible because of the leadership of Mrs. Manju Mishra. The chapter members include Oriya families from Arizona, Utah and neighboring states. 10. Monthly meetings: There are regular meetings and email exchanges between OSA executives, committee members and OSA /'/<'-"+ 01+ &%"2$""+ ,=>!"+ issues, goals and milestones. OSA BOG meetings are held on the first Sunday of every month. OSA executive meetings are held every month on need basis. Apart from that there were frequent meetings for maintaining the optimum health of OSA.

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4

OSA archives: The goal is to collect historical documents on OSA as well as collect distin-guished materials specific to Orissa and create a museum. Mrs. Kula Mishra leads in this effort together with Mr. Manoranjan Pattnaik and Mr. Lalu Mansinha as members. 12. NROFC meeting in Bhubaneswar, Orissa: NROFC meeting was held in Bhubaneswar, Orissa on December 27, 2009. Several OSA members attended the event to represented OSA. OSA President Dr. Bigyani Das and OSA Secretary Mrs. Annapurna Pandey attended the 2010 NROFC meeting. 13. OSA is on Facebook now: We have creat-ed a facebook profile for OSA. We are collecting photographs of early years of OSA. Please share the photographs and the stories behind them, such as the people in picture and when and where the pictures were taken. Specifically, pictures of inauguration and cultural events and meetings will be greatly appreciated. You can send them to: orissasociety@gmail.com Please check out OSA at: http://www.facebook.com/people/Osa-Samaja/ 14. Constitution review: The 2008-2009 constitution review committee had made many good recommendations that were further re-viewed by OSA members through OSAnet discussions in January 2010. In the meantime many people have felt that small patch-up solutions will not provide an effective constitution and hence a thorough review is necessary. The new constitution will be adopted in 2011 GBM. 15. OSA awards: The 2010 and 2011 awards were managed by OSA vice-president Mr. Pradeep Mohapatra. In 2010 Mr. Manoj Moha-patra handled the role of Awards Coordinator very well. Saurjya Khandai managed 2011 awards. 16. Drama festival: Annual OSA drama festival event was organized in 4 regions, Eastern, South West, Northern and Central. Mr. Brajendra

Panda was the National coordinator with Mr. Sri Gopal Mohanty and Mr. Sandip Dasverma as the other two members. Please click the following link to know more: http://www.orissasociety.org/osaftp01/dramafestival.htm 17. OSA youth: We are thankful to Mr. Gyan Patnaik who has shown interest in coordinating OSA youth activities. Pupun Das and Soman Panigrahi are two second generation OSA youth volunteers in the committee and would soon start planning for OSA events, the youth would appreciate. This work could not be started as we faced other problems but we want to start activities soon. If your children want to be involved, please pass them the message. 18. OSA language and cultural Propagation: We have formed a Cultural Committee and an OSA Public Relations and Outreach Committee. Dr. Gagan Panigrahi heads the Public Relations and Outreach Committee and Mrs. Lata Mishra heads the Cultural Committee. The goal is to create Oriya learning material and media that could touch Oriyas of various age groups e.g. appealing Oriya music. We have a plan to achieve goals in this field. However, we have not done more work on this and wish to accomplish it in the future. 19. Documentary on OSA: We are planning for a documentary on OSA and OSA activities. The planning is in its infant stage; we need volun-teers for activities such as financier, story writer, manager, actors and directors. 20. !"#$%& '()*)+,- !"#$%& '()*+'& ,-.)./-)+&report is provided by the Treasurer in a separate document. Irrespective of the challenges, OSA is still doing fine as regards to its financial health because of dedicated donors for various causes. Although due to the lawsuit, OSA has suffered financial damage its officers are trying their best to recover from this damage through fund-raising and member contribution.

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5

OSA Organizational Information: A Short Summary

Bigyani Das

1. OSA Registration: The OSA is registered in TN as a tax-exempt non-profit organization. The first filing was in 1981. After several years of inactive state, it was made active on June 22, 2009. OSA is currently an active TN organization.

2. Constitutional Rules: The OSA Board of Gover-nors (BOG) has the final say on constitutional rules, by-laws and rules of business. This was according to the amendment made in July 1992 (5. Article IX: B. Replace section 4 as follows: On any question involving the constitution the By-Laws, or the Rules of Business, the decision of the Board of Governors will be final.)

3. What is OSA BOG: OSA BOG constitutes of 4 elected OSA executives, President, Vice Presi-dent, Secretary, Treasurer, and chapter presi-dents (currently there are 14 chapters) and the past president. Currently there are 19 eligible members in total (Amendment Effective July 1, 1992 ! 2. Article V)

4. OSA Communication: OSA communications with its members are made through various ways.

! OSA web page ! http://www.orissasociety.org

! OSA newsletter ! OSA newsletters are kept in OSA web page from 2003. Members were in-formed about the electronic publication of its newsletters through different mediums. http://www.orissasociety.org/osaftp01/publication.htm

! OSAnet ! OSA electronic communication medium (yahoo group) established from 2007 and was approved in OSA General Body Meet-ing 2007. (OSAnet@yahoogroups.com)

! Through chapter presidents and local Oriya organizations: OSA chapters have their own electronic list and some chapters have their own web pages. In some states which do not have chapters, they have their own local Oriya group emailing.

! Through individual emailing: On many occasions OSA officials send emails to individual members by using individual email addresses.

! Through US Mail: Whenever required, OSA officials also send information through US mail

! Telephone: Sometimes, OSA officials also make one-to-one communication with members

5. OSA newsletter (more): Before 2003, there were two issues of newsletters made (fall and spring) and sent to OSA members by US mail. These newsletters usually carried minimum in-formation and were usually less than 8 printed pages. From fall of 2003, the newsletters were made available from OSA web page. Members interested in OSA affairs have many avenues to get answers to their questions. OSAnet, phone, email, OSA website, mails to BOG or execu-tives. These are regularly used by interested members.

6. OSA General Body Meeting: OSA General Body Meeting (GBM) is held once in every year during its annual convention that is held during the first weekend of July (around July 4th).

7. OSA BOG Meetings: In the constitution it is mandated to have two BOG meetings per year (Article V ! B ! C). Because of the free confer-ence availability, in recent years monthly, bi-monthly and emergency BOG meetings are conducted to address issues, discuss and take major decisions. These meetings are called by the President and in the absence of the Presi-dent, Vice President or any official authorized by the President. Fifty percent is needed for the quorum.

8. OSA Election: OSA elections are held once in every 2 years in an odd year. The new officers are installed in the General Body meeting of the odd year. The election process starts from the GBM of the preceding year. For example: OSA 2011 election process started from July 4th, 2010 and ended on May 14, 2011.

9. OSA Election Committee: A three member election committee with one as chairman is ap-pointed by the BOG (current BOG=Executive Committee before 1992) and is announced to the general body for approval by majority at the annual convention preceding the election year. (By-Law III: Election Procedure, Section 1)

10. OSA Official Positions: Before 2004, there were 3 positions in OSA, President, Vice President and Secretary/Treasurer. The Secretary and

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Treasurer Positions were separated in 2004 according to a constitutional amendment and for the first time in 2005, election was held for 4 positions, President, Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer. Usually members are requested to volunteer for these positions since these are unpaid voluntary commitment for 2 years. In OSA history many times there were uncontest-ed candidates that win by default. I!"#$%&'"()"years of history there were maximum 2 slates of candidates with one exception in 2001 where there were 3 slates of candidates.

11. OSA Membership: There are mainly 2 types of membership, permanent and annual. Most of the membership is family membership. In per-manent category there are 3 types, life ($300), patron ($600) and benefactors ($1000) and in annual category, there were 4 types, single ($10), family ($25), student single ($5), and student family ($10). One special type of mem-bership for 5 years was introduced in 2008 ($100). To become a member one needs to fill up a membership form and send the form with signature and the check to OSA treasurer (Amendment effective July 1, 1992: 6. By Law I: A. Section 1. Add the following at the end of paragraph: "Membership in OSA involves sub-mission of an application for formal approval by the Executive Council.").

Annual membership dues shall be payable by July 30th of each year. (Article IV: Membership).

12. OSA Member Address and Contact Infor-mation: Every year OSA directory is produced in the form of a book by the annual convention organizing committee. It has member contact information and in recent years member emails are also included. This is available in OSA di-rectory unless some members intentionally want to block their phone numbers and emails for possible spam.

OSA 2007-2009 Secretary Dr Priyadarsan Pa-tra had exceeded the expectations by creating and maintaining an online member database called DOLA (Directory of Odias Living Abroad). The DOLA system has been very ef-fective for address updates by members them-selves and quick reference from anywhere in the world with internet access.

There is no mandate in the constitution that OSA Election committee or OSA executives will provide the voters list, but it is traditionally done

to facilitate the contests, in addition to the ad-dress book which is available to all life mem-bers. For members who register in the latest convention or thereafter, whose names and details are not in the address book, names are available in the member list and details are available in DOLA. Together, last Address Book, Member list & DOLA give all required information, to the contestants.

13. Financial Report: OSA financial report is mandated to be presented in GBM, once in a year and needs approval by the membership. It is then published in the next issue of OSA newsletter (fall issue). (Powers and Functions of Treasurer: Amendment Effective July 1, 2004: Section 7: Item 5. The Treasurer will pre-sent the complete financial report of the past year in the Annual General Body meeting of the OSA during the convention.)

14. Unforeseen Circumstances: For unforeseen circumstances, OSA takes advice of

15. its BOG (Amendments Effective July 1, 1992: 5. Article IX: B. Replace section 4 as follows: On any question involving the constitution the By-Laws, or the Rules of Business, the deci-sion of the Board of Governors will be final.)

16. Quorum Consideration: Unless a member *+,'-'"./0,!1"02"#*3-*4"15-"670*78",'"+99-:1-3"to conduct any meeting. Major decisions are taken by consulting BOG (Amendments Effec-tive July 1, 1992: 5. Article IX: B. Replace sec-tion 4 as follows: On any question involving the constitution the By-Laws, or the Rules of Busi-ness, the decision of the Board of Governors will be final.)

17. Election Irregularity Charges: Any charge of election irregularity or fraud shall be reported to the President and the members of the Execu-tive Committee for resolution. (By-Law III: Elec-tion Procedure, Section 11 ; Executiv Commit-tee = BOG according to Amendment Effective July 1, 1992, 2. Article V)

Note: Although not mentioned in the constitution, from spring 2008 OSA has hired a General Counsel Mr Sujit Mohanty, Esq. who is providing pro-bono service to OSA. OSA officials consult him in critical decision making process. OSA has also appointed an accountant Raj Maruveda in spring 2008 for its audit and tax related work.

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OSA Regional Drama Festival

Sandip Dasverma, Sri Gopal Mohanty and Brajendra Panda

Prologue

When do you think men put lipstick on their lips and rouge on their cheeks? They volunteer to put it on. Are they mAichiA or heroes? OSA Drama Festival does the magical transformation - call them actors whether mAichiA or heroes.

On rehearsal days, it all becomes family busi-ness coming together with their kids. Sometimes a father or a mother acts while holding the child ! a multifaceted loyalty blending together by OSA Drama Festival.

They all know they have to do their best on the stage and they do it so remarkably, be it in creating an illusion of reality or involving the audience in the movement of the play. Players of all forms - actors, writers, directors, stage managers, costume designers and what not find Drama Festival a bonding mechanism in their community as well as in the neighboring com-munities.

Whether they are engineers or lawyers or simply star gazers, they love to surrender to the tyranny of transformation because of the harmonization they want to share, that assuages their mind and soul. Their longing is reinforced by The Drama Festival.

Drama and stage create the absurdity of reality and seduction by pretense. We the actors and audience momentarily wait for the curtain to rise and get lost. The Drama Festival provides an alluring mechanism to achieve it.

Origin

After watching the drama competition at the 2007 Detroit Convention, Sandip came to Sri Gopal with the brilliant idea of a drama festival in each region. Sri Gopal liked the idea very much, foreseeing its would-be impact in the community and asked a few drama enthusiasts then and there who whole heartedly supported it. Nothing happened as there was an imminent OSA election to be held soon. But something hap-pened in the election ! it was a coincidence that Sandip Dasverma was elected as the treasurer. His idea of regional festival was accepted by the

newly formed OSA Executive Body and BOG and thus the dormant concept of the Festival was conceived sometime in November, 2007. While both of them were discussing the topic frequently, Sandip expressed his serious convic-tion. However, both remained busy, Sandip on his immediate assignment as the treasurer to streamline transparency and membership and Sri Gopal as the Cultural Coordinator of Toronto Convention, 2008. Soon after the Convention, Sandip succeeded to persuade the BOG to rope Sri Gopal into the Festival project as the National Coordinator. The OSA Regional Drama Festival was born.

Purpose

! Increased opportunity for inter-chapter sociali-zation and sharing of ideas at a closer level.

! Exclusive opportunity for drama lovers to participate and/or to be spectators.

! Improving the spirit of congeniality among members of communities in regions, by reviv-ing earlier half-a-day Convention format.

Rationale

! OSA members get only one chance to be together at the annual Convention. Regional Drama Festival will provide another opportuni-ty, more particularly at the regional level.

! "#$%&'( )*'( +,#-'#)%,#./( )%0*)( /1*'23$'/( 4#2(formal structures, the Festival is intended to create an environment for more friendly inter-action. For that reason, it will not encourage competition.

! The cost for attendees will be less so as to allow better participation as compared to the Convention.

! The community has a substantial number of drama enthusiasts and drama lovers. Unlike a Convention, which is unable to give enough time for a drama except for a skit, the Festival will encourage to stage plays. It is significant because unlike songs and dances, participa-tion in a play quite often does not need any special talent.

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Implementation scheme

In order to achieve the above basic objectives, regions needed to be formed so that the driving distance would be reasonable and outsiders were encouraged to enjoy local hospitality. Hence the event was planned for not more than half-a-day. It reminded us of the !"#$%!#& '()*+&half-a-day Conventions. The following guidelines were prepared:

1. Regions are formed from Chapters or other-wise. Neither the division nor the format needs to be rigid. The structural flexibility to adapt and adjust according to the regional condition should be acceptable. It is possible regions may have different formats of presen-tation in a given year.

2. In each region, a Chapter to host the Festival and the dates of the Festival for a given year are selected through mutual consent of differ-ent Chapters/groups within a region. Normally it is expected of Chapters to take turn to be a host.

3. The Festival will be held in a suitable week-end. The guests arrive on Friday even-ing/night or at the latest on Saturday morning. Dramas are performed on Saturday afternoon and evening. On Sunday the guests depart.

4. The host Chapter makes all arrangements including facilities and providing hospitality to outside guests. Provision of facilities should be reasonable and nothing fancy or expen-sive. It is understood outside guests are ac-commodated with families.

5. The duration of a drama should be approxi-mately one hour. For optimality, there should be at most four dramas, two performed in the afternoon and two in the evening with a tea/coffee break for approximately an hour. The minimum number of dramas in a Festival is two.

6. At least two Chapters should participate in a Festival. It may be possible to have two teams from the same Chapter if there is insuf-ficient participation in a Festival.

Actually OSA Drama Festival is a Festival of Festivals, consisting of a garland of Regional Festivals.

Festival 2009

Three regions were formed: Northern (Canada, Michigan, Ohio and Chicago), Eastern (New England, NY-NJ, MD-VA, Washington DC and South East) and Southern (South West and OZARC). An attempt was made to initiate in California but did not materialize. Upon discus-sion with various Chapters in a region, a host Chapter and the Coordinator were selected. Each Chapter or a subgroup of a Chapter (as in case of South West Chapter of Texas) in a region was represented by the President and/or by a Drama Coordinator. The Director of a drama in most cases happened to be the Drama Coordinator.

It was decided this time to hold all events of the Festival during April so as to celebrate Utkala Dibasa which falls on April 1.

Details of 2009 Festivals:

A. Southern Regional Drama Festival: Host Chapter , DFW Orissa Society, a part of South West Chapter Coordinator , Loknath Patro Place , Denton, TX Date , Saturday April 4, 09 Attendance , About 115 from Austin, Houston, and Dallas of TX and Arkansas Dramas , 1. Athacha ChAnakya by Dallas of SW, directed by Tapas Sahoo 2. SAhitya gaDiA Manthana by Austin of SW, directed by Sikhanda Satpathy 3. Ea Ki NATaka by Arkansas of ORZAK, directed by Brajendra Panda 4. Mom, MA Au MADAM by Houston of SW, directed by Gopal Mohapatra An Odissi dance item was also presented. For the celebration of Utkala Dibasa, Bande Utkala Janani was the opening song at each event. Sri Gopal was present in both Northern and Eastern events, but Brajendra was in the ORZAK Drama team.

B. Eastern Regional Drama Festival: Host Chapter - Washington DC Coordinator , Debaki Nandan Chowdhury Place- Silver Spring, MD Date , Saturday April 18, 09 Attendance , About 100 from Washington DC, MD-VA, NY-NJ Dramas , Sri Ganesha geetinatya by Washington DC and

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MD-VA, Direction ! Pratap Dash Pathoi Bohu by Washington DC, Direction ! Pratap Dash GuA NimaNtraNa by NY-NJ, Direction ! Ritu Mohapatra Notes ! Pathoi Bohu was based on a story by Fakir Mohan Senapati. The theme of GuA NimaNtraNa is the invitation by NY_NJ Chapter for the forthcoming Convention. In the first two dramas children were included who played "#$%&'()*+%,- Due to the shortage of time another drama Ghatasutra by DC Chapter directed by Pratap Dash and Bigyani Das was cancelled. Biswajit Mohapatra was the Drama Coordinator from NY-NJ. Ullasini Sahoo who recently moved to NC from NJ tried for an item to bring from there but did not succeed. In spite of the contin-ued show of support and enthusiasm of NE Chapter, nothing materialized.

C. Northern Regional Drama Festival: Host Chapter ! Michigan Coordinator ! Jogesh Panda Place ! Flint, MI Date ! Saturday April 25, 09 Attendance ! About 130 from MI-OSA and CanOSA Dramas ! BananAsikA by CanOSA (Canada), Direction ! Gagan Panigrahi MahisA MardinI geetinatya by MI-OSA, Direction ! Swapnalata Mishra

Notes ! Gopal Chhotray was the playwright of both. MI-OSA celebrated Basantotsav as part of &.,)/."0&,*(')"11$"%),2,1&)3.45.)412+%2,#)5.4%#*,1(')'+167)#"15,)"1#)")8"'.4+1)'.+3- /.45"6+(')9*":")/++*#41"&+*)3"');."*")9"'- The Chapter did not participate. There was no response from Ohio.

Details of 2010 Festivals:

A. Eastern Regional Drama Festival & Utkala Dibasa

Host Chapter: Odisha Society of New England

Coordinator: Arun Mohanty & President: Nishi-kanta Sahoo,

Place: Chinmaya Mission Auditorium, 1 Union Street, Andover MA-01810

Date: Saturday, April 10, 2010

Attendance: 150 plus

Dramas:

1. Children Dance drama: Kanchi Abhijan by Nupur Dance Academy students

2. NY/NJ Chapter: Dasanana@2010: Naka kata Upakhyan

3. OSNE Chapter: Dinu kaka thik Kahuthile

Notes: Jagannath Puja & singing of Bande Utkal Janani by Kanta Kabi Laxmikanta and excellent Odishi dance was presented.

B. Regional Drama Festival & Visuva Milana, Toronto

Host Chapter: CanOSA

Coordinator: Parasar Mishra, Jibanjit Tripathy

Place: Port Credit Secondary School, 70 Mineola Road East, Mississauga, ON L5G 2E5

Date: Saturday, May 15th, 2010

Attendance: 150 plus

Dramas:

1. Ohio ! "Emiti Bi Hue ", Written by:

Birendra Jena, Direction: Basant Mohapatra

2. CANOSA - "Chha Mana Aatha Gun-

tha", Written by: Fakir Mohan Senapati, Direc-

tion: Gagan Panigrahi, nATya rupAntara: Sri

Gopal Mohanty

Notes: Other than dramas, excellent cultural programs were held befittingly by CanOSA

C: Southern Regional Drama Festival

Host Chapter: Southern Chapter, Dallas, TX

Coordinator: Saroj Mohapatra

Place: Lyceum Theatre, 1155 Union Circle , Denton , TX , 76203

Date: Saturday, April 24, 2010

Attendance: 150 plus

Dramas:

1. Dallas Drama: Phasigala Tume Natabara: Biswaranjan Jena, Mousumi Jena, Subrat Acharya, Subhendu Rath, Niranjan Tripathy, Suvankar Mishra, Debasis Nanda, Bobby Dash etc

2. Houston Drama: Habani Na, Habana Aau: Debasis Mohanty, Leena Mishra, Dillip Patra,

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Linu Maharana, Rishab Mohanty, Rajmohan Mishra, Madhab Maharana,Sarmistha Nanda, Sasmita Mohanty, Dhara Mohapatra, Sub-hashree Patra, Leena Maharana, Arnab Mo-hanty, Jini Patra, Roopesh Dash, Gopal Mo-hapatra

3. Arkansas Drama: Saura Jagatare Ulkaa Paata: Soumya Das, Swapnila Das, Satyabrata Mishra, Sushree Satpathy, Bra-jendra Panda, Nrusingh Nayak, Srabani Pa-tra, Sanjiv Srivastava, and Sanjita Mishra

Notes: Excellent Odishi dance was presented.

D. Midwest Regional Drama Festival & Dewali

Host Chapter: Chicago Chapter

Coordinator: Gyana Pattnayak, Ashoke Parida

Place: Fair Lady Production Inc.1665 Quincy Ave, Naperville

Date: Saturday, Nov 6, 2010

Attendance: 150 plus

Dramas:

1. Chicago kids brought the house down by their !"#$%#&&'%#$() *+,-.,/'$"+!0) 12#3'$!24!) "2'$t-ing mesmerized everybody and Pallavi, Payal, Sabrina, Shivangi, Shivank, Samyak, and 567!2) 89) :+,+) +;"+&&+$%) #$) <5'6++) =2../)Diwali.

2. Michigan Chapter: Gosein Mahatma by Swapnalata Mahapatra openly attacks the institution of priesthood that preys on the faith of common man.

3. >#&:'7?++) @+'/4!) Uchit Charcha by Raju Pati & team. Targets the plight of a semi-educated power-hungry politician on a visit to Chicago

4. A2#"'(.)A2'*%+,0)>'$.B)>'2'*'%,'4!)C+$!+&6)satirical play Jaha Hale Hau8

Notes: Event Chair Rosalin Samantray deserves accolade in making the show well-structured and perfectly synchronized, and praiseworthy, mixing east and west, modern & classical.

Finance OSA provided $500 to each group and the balance was absorbed mostly by the host Chapter/organizers.

Added features An informal drama group in NA has been formed :#%2)C,'/')+$%27!#'!%!D)E%4!)'CC,+!!)#!0

Review Wherever Sri Gopal was present, he felt the occasion had melA-like environment-people talking to each other, families, children, food (ghugni, baDA, muDhi, pakoDi, dhoklA and what not). Yet everyone was waiting for the dramas, even children waiting to see their friends on the stage. I could see many improvisations in costumes and sets drawing the imaginative energy from the community. There was hardly any pressure on any group. Make-up and dressing area was shared. Shared experience was the dominating mood over the achievement of perfection of quality.

By all accounts, the objectives of the Festival were fulfilled. A friendly relation between host family and guest family was established. In some cases, there were card games and prolonged conversations till early morning. Over all there has been an atmosphere of congeniality among the gathered people. The dramas displayed varieties of individual and group talent. The Festival revealed the special talents of members in the community. The objective of inter-chapter interaction had its beginning and needed to be strengthened. There was a feeling that the Festival would gain momentum and in turn would strengthen OSA, and a belief that the present Festival was to continue in years to come. The flexibility adopted by each region in order to make the Festival successful was working. In the Northern Region, MI Chapter amalgamated its Basantotsav with the Festival. Eastern Region has a special feature that Washington DC Chapter and MD-VA Chapter are very closely located. Thus it was very appropriate for them to pull their resources together and plan for three dramas, although they presented only two. In contrast, SW Chapter of Southern Region covers a large geographical region. It was but natural to have three separate dramas from three different localities all belonging to the same SW Chapter. The Regional Drama Festival is new and is an additional item to be managed through Chapters. The Chapters have their own events planned on a regular basis. It is felt that there needs to be adjustment in rearranging the events. We believe that with proper cooperation from Chapters the issue can be resolved once the benefit of the

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Festival is realized and appreciated in a larger context and for a wider interest of the communi-ty.

Epilogue

Drama, nAtaka or abhinaya ! aren"t we seeing them at Conventions and Chapter functions? You see and you don"# ! these are often buried in umpteen numbers of activities. A drama takes a back seat, so that in reality it is adorned in the costume of a $skit" on the stage. So with the support of the community, we proclaimed just two years back: %Here comes Drama Festival, nATaka meLA, abhinaya mahotsaba. Enjoy and celebrate drama spectacular! %

OSA Conventions, Chapter activities and Drama Festivals-Do they fall in a line, do they connect themselves? Until recently, OSA through its Conventions, and Chapters through their activi-ties were connected, but the connected lines have been hazy enough to leave an impression of disconnectedness. Drama Festival, under this scenario has been refreshing. It attempts to connect Chapters to OSA by interconnecting Chapters to form regions. The hazy lines are becoming clearer.

Acknowledgment If at all we believe, that the Festival was a positive achievement then it was all due to this endless network of volunteers who form the bedrock of a healthy community. To all of them, we owe our sincere gratitude.

Appendix

&#'#()')*+',-'./0#'1)/2"0'3)0#45/.'#()'-,..,64*7'note was sent to OSAnet:

Drama Festival is the Key to Our Cohesive-ness

Yes, I believe it. Those who have the opportunity to be involved with the Festival also believe it. The second year OSA Regional Drama Festival ended last weekend in Chicago.

Read, what Basant Mohapatra says recently: Beware! Odias across USA! Get ready to be infected as this virus is going to get pandemic soon and no vaccine can prevent this.

89/21:' 40*"#' 4#;' </0/*#'</=>'64..' *)5)2'?)/*' 4#@'You and I know good and bad cholesterol, good and bad intestinal bugs. He, as a medical

practitioner and at the same time a dramatist (a comedian), tells us not to know any vaccine to prevent these good bugs. Basant Babu, I am ->..1'/00>2)+:'/2)*"#'1,>;

A'=)#'1,>'+4+'*,#'?400'B,7)0('C/*+/"0'?)00/7):'the same Jogesh Babu, who made you laugh your head off in his Daskathia grand finale D2)0)*#/#4,*' /#' "EF' G)#2,4#' H,*5)*#4on. I thought he only makes others laugh but, listen friends, he himself can roar with laughter. Please read his recent message sent by Sandip Babu. Read again: "The Chicago team's drama written and directed by Manoj babu was about deciding a script for the drama. It was so hilarious, that I would not be surprised, if some people actually peed in their pants. I almost did." Did you note, what Jogesh Babu was otherwise doing in Chicago? Gapsap. That was his bonus. No, no, the other way around. OSA Drama Festival was merely the pretext ! bAhAnA. En, en, kaNa kahile Jogesh Babu, lively, cozy, warm , manaTA khAli chhakpak heuchhi.

I wish I was there. I wish you were there too!

That is the key to our bonding and cohesiveness.

Yes, from all reports, this 1)/2"0'3)0#45/.' )*+)+'with a big bang! Our big hug to Gyana Patnaik, the Festival Coordinator of the Region and the Chapter President Ashok Parida.. By the way, =,#(',-'1,>:'/2)*"#'1,>'7./+'#(/#'&2I>*'C>2,(4#' 40'not your National Coordinator? Otherwise his bear hug (he has invited many times for this so-called affectionate treatment) would send you to the hospital.

Then what can I say about those, who might have tempted Arjun Babu to prepare for his hugging feat and Jogesh Babu to jump on to the stage singing loudly: rAma je rAma, nabIna 0>*+/2/' 7(/*/0(1&?/J' K()2)' 40' 86/D*/./#/'Mishra (Mama), the hit talent of MI Chapter. Otherwise Mama is soft spoken, but on the stage /'#47)2@'A'0/6'()2'4*'./0#'1)/2"0 Festival hosted by MI. She was the MC and narrator of MI"0'+2/?/@'Wow, mAA lo, who is she! Yes, she lives with nAtaka inside. Then I bow to Raju Pati from Milwaukee who in my understanding from Niranjan Mishra (whose body, mind and soul dancing and acting all the time) of Sudbury, Canada is another drama-khor. My hats off to Manoj Mohapatra, Chicago. Manoj Babu, I have

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to see you, how much have I to dig to take away your nAtuApaNa ! BabAhAre majAdAr.

Even within all these nATa, nAtakIyatA, rasi-kapaNiA and fun (tamAsA), I do not think anyone including me would have been disrespectful to the concern Bijoy Babu (Misra) raised: to have fun with dignity. Language and culture are always in the mind.

We never encouraged any competition in the Festival. At the same time we never encouraged, not to have any competition in organizing the Festival in any innovative manner.

OSA has the Chapters and an annual Conven-tion. In due course, as OSA was growing, the level of connectivity to OSA and more generally

in the larger community has been eroding. Just two years back, a new idea to hold OSA Region-al Drama Festival was initiated in order to rebuild it. Last year there were three events in three regions, Southern, Eastern and Northern. This year the number has increased to four: South Western, Eastern, Northern and North Western. There is every indication that it will increase.

In this short span, there has been a phenomenal explosion of enthusiasm and excitement through increased interaction among individuals, whether they are OSA members or not. Most of them are young and recent arrivals in NA. A renewed spirit is generated. We are elated - with every hope for the future.

Sri Gopal Mohanty, National Coordinator for Drama Festival Brajendra panda, National Coordinator and Chair Sandip Dasverma, National Coordinator

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Financial Statement: The 40th OSA Convention, Princeton, NJ, 2009

INCOME

Advertisement $10,300 Corporate donation $3,130 Individual Donation $38,104 Sales $1,335 OSA advance $5,000 Registration Fee $34,160 Membership Fee $3,570 Convention Fee $4,740 Food Charges $38,466 Currency Adjustment ($139) Miscellaneous Income $1,514

TOTAL INCOME $140,181

EXPENSES Admin $1,400 Advertisement $1,603 Awards & Trophy $3,737 Cultural $12,962 Entertainment $2,235 Food $46,523 Fund Raising $204 Hospitality $5,689 Hotel & Conferences $5,107 Insurance $508 Interior Decoration $1,359 Logistics $1,571 Mailings $293 Printing $124 Refund $1,081 Registration $676 Security $3,915 Seminar $171 Souvenir $10,558 Theater $23,612 Transportation $125 Video & Photography $2,871 Web Design $300 Youth $55 Paid Membership Fee to OSA $3,570 Return of Advance to OSA-$54 $4,946 Return of Convention Fee $4,740 Loss/Gain $245

TOTAL EXPENSE $140,181

OSA received $13,379 and NY-NJ received $122.50

Akhileswar Patel Treasurer, OSA.

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Financial Statement: The 41st OSA Convention, Redwood, CA 2010

INCOME Advertisement/Sponsorship $54,970 OSA advance $6,000 Registration Fee $30,100 Membership Fee $5,971 Convention Fee $4,395 Food Charges $40,300 Sofitel (cash back) $3,129 Miscellaneous Income $1,900 OSACAL Collection $4,081

TOTAL INCOME $150,826

EXPENSES Audio/Light $8250.00 Stage $2,583.00 Odissi Program $1,800.00 Cultural Prep $932.00 Tiny Tots $750.00 Subrina/Chompu/Ghoda/Sambalpuri $925.00 Ribbons.Plaques $1,500.00 Ira Mohanty $3,808.00 Gifts/Trophy $1,140.00 Misc. $200.00 Artists $1650.00 Opening Drama $446.96 Decoration $4,080.35 Food $43,808.00 Insurance $433.38 Logistics $2,286.24 Postage $385.00 Printing $1,838.00 Setup $98.00 Invest BBSR Mktg $3024.00 Invest BBSR Return after Ira $2644.00 Misc Activities (Cricket/Volley/Pool Carnival/Kayaking/Babby sitting etc.) $5,720.00 Souvenir/Directory $9,532.00 Shipping $915.00 Hospitality $180.00 Advertisement $371.00 Photo Shop+Volunteer Paarty $6017.00 Hotel Payment $1,480.00 Sofitel Adv. $500.00 Refund (Donation) $1,000.00 Excss Food Regd Refund $2,915.00 Theater $5,975.25 Transportation $1420.00 Video $1,500.00 Misc. (Banners, signs supplies) $4,345.11 Tent $3,200.00

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Table and Chairs Rental $1,000.00 Food Helper $875.00 Web Design $300.00 Paid to OSA $13,340.00

_______________________________________________________________________________ TOTAL EXPENSE $143,167.29

Surplus $150,826 - $143,167 = $7679. OSACAL paid $7679 to OSA with a directive to use 50% on Orissa Development.

Akhileswar Patel Treasurer, OSA

Donors for OSA Development Fund Name Last Name Amount Dhirendra Kar $500 Sujit Sahoo $50 Manoranjan Pattanaik $500 Akhileswar Patel $100 Prakash and Kasturi Patro $100 Debendra Mallik $ 1500 ($ 717.00 Expense

not charged) Lalu Manasinha $250 Hara Padhi $150 Bijoy C. Das $500 Srigopal Mohanty $200 Artatrana Rout $50 Amitabh Sahu $250 Uma Mishra $1000 Sukant Mohapatra $500 Arjun Purohit $200 Dan Mishra $1000 Anadi Naik $100 Brundaban Panigrahi $100 Lalatendu Mohanty $200 Asutosh Dutta $300 Bigyani Das $250 Purna Patnaik $500 Kirtan Behera $300 Amiya Nayak $100 Harlal Choudhury $101 Nishikant Sahoo $200 Total $9001.00

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16

2011 M E G H N A M E M O RI A L A W A RD F O R C R E A T I V E W RI T IN G

In memory of Meghna Mahapatra (1999-2005)

Winners in the Junior category (ages 7-12 years):

! First position: Ms. Aarushi Nayak for her story, Sunken

!"#$%&'()*+,-).%/0-%1)23)44)*3)%#*%,5#*6%')53-#$+#0*%

and dialogue in developing imaginative and ingenious

30*3)$+57

! Second position: Ms. Disha Das for her poem, Mother,

/0-%1)4)68*+%5+94)%0/%5+-,3+,-)%8*'%-"9+":%#*%;-#+#*6%

while portraying heartfelt sentiments7

! Third position: Ms. Kareena Mohapatra for her essay,

What New J)-5)9%:)8*5%+0%:).%/0-%1brilliant observa-

tions and a flair in writing a compelling, engaging and

')4#6"+/,4%$#)3)7

Winners in the Senior category (ages 13-18 years):

! First position: Ms. Sweta P. Sahu for her story, What

seems like the world, selected for 1)23)44)*3)%#* the

narration of emotions & relationships through powerful

#:86)-9%<%8++)*+#0*%+0%')+8#457

! Second position: Ms. Ayesha Mishra for her essay,

=)8(#*6%>0:).%/0-%15,$)-?%30:$-)")*5#0*%8*'%$0-+-8y-

al of culture and heritage through insightful w-#+#*67

! Third position: Ms. Neha Satapathy for her poem,

@*-)5+.%/0-%1$-0/#3#)*39%#*%,5#*6%3-)8+#()%;0-'5%8*'%

phrases to create vivid imagery and convey momentous

#')857

Souvenir Selection Committee:

! Ms. Anna Mishra, Seattle, WA

! Dr. Sura Rath, Dallas, TX

! Ms. Prachee Behera, Austin, TX

Meghna Memorial Trust:

! Chairman: Dr. Sitakantha Dash, Minneapolis, MN

! Coordinator: Mr. Santosh Kar, Dallas, TX

In memoriam; Meghna Mahapatra, a little darling By M r . Santosh K ar

It was a festive evening in Michigan, 5th November

2005. The usual, annual celebration of Kumara

Purnima was in full swing. Everybody, especially

the kids were very excited to be a part of the joyous

celebrations. None of the Michigan Odias were

expecting the most unexpected; that a little girl

8:0*65+%,5%;0,4'*A+%5))%+")%*)2+%:0-*#*6.%4)8(#*6%

us all stunned. A little life would be snatched away

by the cold hands of Death, reminding us how

helpless we feel In the face of such incidents;

merely a puppet in the hands of Providence. It

would be heart rending.

Turn of events leading to the end of a life some-

times happens in inconceivable ways. That is the

mystery, beyond the common people to unravel. A

cherubic 6 year old, Meghna Mohapatra, was the

only daughter of Lipi and Santosh Mohapatra. She

came to Michigan in August 2001. She was a

beautiful child and won the love of all. Her father

'#'*A+%;8*+%+0%30:)%+0%+")%3)4)?-8+#0*5%+"8+%'89.%0*%

account of some important work. It was Meghna,

who insisted that she must go and be with others to

be part of this great celebration, so her father gave

in. Meghna gave a wonderful performance on the

stage that day. It was late in the night when they

drove back. That dark night never dawned for her.

We lost her for ever to a tragic road accident.

In the Bhagavad Gita it is said that one who is born

has to die. When an innocent life is taken away so

suddenly and prematurely, it becomes extremely

difficult to accept that. OSA Michigan community

')3#')'% +0% B))$% C)6"*8A5% :):0-9% 84#()% 8+% +"#5%

great loss. In 2006 the Oriya community of Michi-

gan established the Meghna Memorial Trust, to

commemorate her short but wonderful life. At the

tender young age, Meghna already showed tremen-

dous interest in creative writing, in addition to her

inherent talent in the performing arts. Accordingly,

the trust has instituted an annual award for creative

writing for kids under the auspices of OSA since

the year 2007. Hopefully, this noble effort will

kindle the memory of that smiling face for years to

come. May the soul of Meghna rest in peace!

All youth written compositions in the youth section have been considered for the 2011 Meghna Memorial

Award according to the age categories set by the Trust. The paintings and photo submissions have not been

considered. A few articles towards the end of the section have also been excluded from consideration for the

award on the basis of pre-$,?4#38+#0*%8*'%8,+"0-A5%86)%3-#+)-#8.

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17

AARRCCHHIITTEECCTTIINNGG TTHHEE

FFUUTTUURREE

Whatever you do will be insignificant, but it is very important that you do it.

~ Mahatma Gandhi

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19

SEEDS: New dimensions in sustainability & development

Abani. K. Patra, Satya P. Mohanty, Priyadarshan Patra, SriGopal Mohanty, Lalu Mansinha, Sandip Dasverma It has been over 15 years since SEEDS (Sus-tainable Economic and Educational Develop-ment Society) was born, originating in dreams of a few graduate students and frustrations of several others at effecting meaningful economic and social change in Odisha. Much has hap-pened since then, but a great deal still remains to be done. Reflecting on the changing times and needs, our focus and projects have changed. Although evolved over the years, our core values and philosophies have remained steady. While we are indeed focused on long term sustainable efforts episodically our members have used the SEEDS platform to respond to acute humanitari-an crises like the floods in Odisha a few years ago and the devastating Japan!"# $%&'()*%+$,#Tsunami and nuclear issues.

Essence of SEEDS

-.$# "$$+# '/# 0$# 1/2"cientious and thoughtful agents of sustainable, non-violent, democratic and equitable development in Odisha and elsewhere. Towards this end we see the need to educate ourselves and other non-residents, as well as to raise monetary contributions and ideas from among us, to support development workers and ordinary people so that they can help themselves achieve their freedom from hunger, deprivation, ignorance, and exploitation -- the many socio-economic & political ills that exist today. We do not have delusions about any quick, grand changes that can be engineered by a few, but we hope the movement grows among more people to steadily but surely proceed '/3%&4"#/*&#5/%6"78

Active current efforts include the Rural Math Talent Search, Mahila Shanti Sena, Cultural Infrastructure Rejuvenation, School Library projects, as well as support for Nano Finance and several related efforts. In the following sections we provide you brief write-ups on each of these efforts largely written by their primary organizers (each SEEDS project has one or two active members who oversee and promote it). We include detailed description of some below;

the full list of projects and details can be found on our website. We also have a successful track record of partnering with like-minded NGOs in achieving greater goals. For instance Nano

F92%21$# 9"# %# :$&;# "*11$""<*6# $<</&'# /<# -=%>%&%#?9"3%"8# %24# @%2*# A/(%2';# '/# ($6B# :$&;# B//&#women stay out of the debt traps, and we have supported it in different stages. !"#$%"&'()*&+*,+-.)/0'1/+2$3($4'3 Founda-tions: Pala, Ravana Chhaya and the Lakhmi Purana (Satya Mohanty and Lalu Mansinha)

The overall goal of the project is to work with Odisha-based groups, artistes, and scholars to "'&$25'($2# 3(%'# >%;# 0$# 1%66$4# '($# -1*6'*&%6#92<&%"'&*1'*&$8# /<# C49%# "ociety, deepening the links between the villages and the urban areas and creating channels of communication about progressive, democratic social values and ideals. Pala, for instance, is a valuable cultural tradition of Odisha, combining theatre, Odissi music, highly refined Odia and Sanskrit poetry, wit, humor, and social satire. Ravana Chhaya (shadow puppetry) may well have originated in our part of the world millennia ago, and then spread across South and Southeast Asia. Both of these art forms may be facing extinction under the relentless pressures of modern entertain-ment media. In 2008, SEEDS (Sustainable Education and Economic Development Society) initiated a project to help sustain and enrich both the art forms.

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The project has several facets: (a) Popularisation; (b) Training; (c) Scholarship; (d) Publication; (e) Plan for self-sustainability after a few years.

There have been sponsored workshops, semi-nars and performances. After completing two full years of the project, we are happy to report a measure of success and excitement beyond our most optimistic expecta-tions. Full credit for the progress of the projects goes to two dedicated scholars in Odisha, Shri Prasana Dash (for Pala) and Dr. Gouranga Charana Dash (for Puppetry). Shri Prasana !"#$%&#%'$(%)*+,-(.%*)%/0.")+11"23%",%*.4",&5"'&*, dedicated to village libraries and publication of quality books on Odisha. Dr. Gouranga Dash, a renowned national expert on puppetry traditions as well as an official advisor to the national Sangeet Natak Akademy, is the founder of /6",-$(&% 7$"."23% ",% "#$."8% ",-% 8+#(+8% *,%puppetry in Angul district. He is an Odia writer and literary critic and the recipient of 2011 Odisha Sahitya Akademi award.

In 2009 four shows/workshops/seminars were held in the larger rural centers of Keonjhar, Angul, Katak, Jagatsinghpur. We have been pleasantly surprised by the high level of interest in the rural population, in not just audience numbers, which at points reached 2000, but also in the number of pala troupes. The love for Pala and Ravanna Chhaya in the rural population in these days of Bollywood and TV is awe-inspiring. There are stories of people walking 20Kms to attend the Badi Pala competitions at our events. Even more amazing is our discovery of the number of troupes eager to participate and present their art. Traditionally Pala has been all males. There are now over 25 pala troupes that are either led by women or are all-female.

We have learned many things over the course of the project, and would like to highlight 2 points:

a) These traditional, popular cultural forms are an invaluable cultural resource, since they are an integral part of village life. These forms make village life attractive to village residents, as well as to many who work in the city. Thus financial

support for their growth and sustenance can help improve the basic infrastructure of rural Odisha society, creating jobs and wealth in the villages; ultimately making unnecessary migration to cities that often occur, because of a dearth of jobs.

b) Given their organic connection to village culture, traditional art forms are able to convey powerful messages about democratic social values more effectively than can television or the cinema. One can draw on the rich repertoire of traditional narratives in Odia literature that contain progressive social values. The recently-concluded Pala workshop in Bhubaneswar developed a Pala script based on the 500 year old Lakhmi Purana by Balaram Das, one that can be the basis for improvisation and adapta-tion by different Pala gayakas. A similar script, based on the Lakhmi Purana, was developed in October 2009 by Dr. Gouranga Dash for Ravana Chhaya. Plans are underway to create discus-sion questions on social issues (gender and caste egalitarianism) that can be used by the Pala and puppetry practitioners after every performance, especially in rural schools and colleges. (Note: Sub-projects on Daskathia and Odissi music are also in their early stages. The goal is to link the various performing arts and other cultural traditions together to provide support for comprehensive social development *)%9-&#$":#%'*;,#%",-%<&11"4(#=>

These Odia cultural forms are not museum-pieces, relics of the past, but rather central features of a dynamic rural social life. With intellectual partnership and some financial support, the practitioners of these forms in Odisha will be able to provide a model for how the culture people, especially in the villages, can contribute to the nation and the world.

Donors from the Odia community in North America have made this project possible, and matching funds continue to be generated locally by the village audiences and their organizations. If you are interested in contributing or in finding out more about this project, please email one of '$(%?.*@(A':#%*.4",&5(.#B Lalu Mansinha: mansinha@uwo.ca, Satya Mohanty: mohanty@cornell.edu, SriGopal Mohanty: mohan-ty@univmail.cis.mcmaster.ca

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Rural Math Talent Search (Sandip Dasverma and Priyadarsan Patra) Rural Math Talent Search (RMTS) is meant to identify and support promising youngsters in rural areas of Odisha to grow critical thinking. RMTS was started in 2003 with 30 scholarships !"#"$%&#'(#)*&#(!+,)#$-)*'+.,#/&0&$,&/#($)*&+#1$)&#Kamala Pada Das. Our good friend Prof. Swad-hinananda Pattanayak of IMA (Institute of Mathematics & Applications) has administered RMTS since its inception. In 2010 we completed its 8th year of its operation. Full credit goes to IMA and its staff. Since 2006 we have been adding about 200 new scholars each year to the program. The total number of students selected and trained has reached nearly 1300; www.seedsnet.org/DOLA/rmts/public .

This year the first phase of the RMTS exam is scheduled for October, 2011. Notification has already gone out for the 9th edition of this talent search test. Since 2007 SEEDS has been involved in shaping the project (and has devel-'2&/# $"/# %$!")$!"&/# )*&# 2+'3+$%.,# /$)$4$,&#and visualization system). The idea behind the system is to energize and retool the bases, know our progress and gaps in the geographical diversification efforts, and effectively connect the RMTS alumni and donors together. SEEDS has supported RMTS via NRO sponsored scholar-ships and other material support. Since 2007 we are conducting two examinations: one prelimi-nary and one final. Last year the first batch graduated past 10+2 stage and many are now in various well-known institutes of India. The total student participation peaked at upwards of 20 thousands/year and is currently at 10 thousands.

The most heartening stories are about the RMTS scholars themselves and how several alumni of the program are coming back to mentor and teach new scholars. In 2007 one RMTS scholar, Himalay Senapati, represented India at Astron-omy Olympiad in Semiz, Ukraine and won the Silver Medal. Another example is of boy washing teacups in 2003, who was supported by the program and our partners (e.g., Sri Surajit Amrit and Sri Bidyut Das) and is now studying at the Ravenshaw University! Since 2010, Abhilash Mishra, alumni of a RMTS sister program (a Rhodes Scholar), is supplementing support with corporate funds. The map shown is a geograph-ical representation of the locations throughout Odisha where students have been supported with scholarships and trained since 2003. Each 4$55''"# +&2+&,&"),# $# ,)-/&").,# 5'0$)!'"6#7&$+l y half of them are girls. The local scholarship money administration is done by the SEEDS partner, Vikas Charitable Trust under leadership of Sri S.C. Choudhury. Detailed information about the program, the exams, the training camps, students and the historical results may be found at our website rmts.seedsnet.org. This Web presence for RMTS was originally designed and donated by Sri Prasanta Sahoo of NJ and it has been hosted and further developed by SEEDS since 2008. Looking forward: The success of the program has recently drawn significant attention from the Govt. of Odisha. The Govt. plans to start a similar program in 100 towns of Odisha and donate 1000 scholarships. This in addition to the 3140 scholarships in 314 blocks (10 per block). We hope the Govt. pre-serves the original societal and sustainability goals. If the proposed expansion succeeds and is implemented well, our dream will be fructified and a job will be done well. The question now is: Will it? Mahila Shanti Sena (MSS) (Sri Gopal Mohanty) Envisioned by Acharya Ramamurty in 2002, the objective of MSS is to empower women in community building, through peaceful approach and to remove gender discrimination. The procedure for achieving that is through training, to improve awareness, build self-confidence,

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22

learn to work together and participate in decision making process and through maintaining ongo-ing communication. In Odisha, MSS training started in Mayurbhanj District in 2005 and soon spread to Balasore, Jagatsinghpur and Sam-balpur and later to Angul and Nuapada. The positive response of women to MSS is tremen-dous, especially in boosting their self-esteem and providing leadership roles in conflict resolu-tions and development work. The future plan consists of training persons who will monitor and supervise the local MSS activities, arranging in-depth workshops and expanding MSS to other districts. (For more details, see the article !"#$%&#'$()#'*+ ,)-%#./+ 0'1+ '#2+ 3'4(*'+ 54anti 5%#'6+71+5&(+8)9al Mohanty in this Souvenir.) LED Solar Lamp (Sri Gopal Mohanty) Odisha is a state where electrification of every village is still a distant dream and the use of renewable energy sources like solar energy for lighting in place of kerosene lamps has not reached yet due to economic reasons and the unavailability of suitable products. With a view to create awareness among people on solar energy and promote use of solar lamps, SEEDS recently launched an experimental project to supply 40 LED solar lamps as a micro-finance scheme in 3 villages, one each in Mayurbhanj, Gajapati and Nuapada districts. Obtained from Greenlight Planet Inc., the lamp is an adjustable device charged by a corded solar panel that sits on the :/%&./+ &));<+ "$+ 9&)=(2%/+ 4):&/+ );+ 7&(>4$+ *(>ht through light emitting diodes (LEDs) at a much

lower cost than that of an equivalent kerosene lamp. Each lamp costs approximately Rs.900 to the customer. The implementation is carried out by Unnayan in Mayurbhanj, by AID in Gajapati and by SRUSTI in Nuapada. The lamps have been well received by the users. They find the lamps to be convenient, user friendly and good sources of light for households, without recurring expenses. Nearby villagers are taking an interest in the lamps. The recovered money is revolved to buy new lamps for distribution. Concluding Remarks The above project descriptions give a brief sense of where SEEDS is at now. We only mentioned some initiatives such as Nano Finance by Aamara Biswas (http://www.aamarabiswas.org/) which SEEDS has supported at different stages. Aamara Biswas has completed 3 years. By giving interest free loans through the Nano Finance scheme, it has helped more than 4000 women in different areas of the state of Odisha. Some women have taken Rs.500 to Rs.1000 (less than $12) more than once to improve their lives and livelihoods. Nano Finance helps women to not be the victims of money lenders and become poorer. Further, it gives them a sense of security and comfort in times of emer-gency. Aamara Biswas gives women the oppor-tunity earn more money and to provide a better life for their families. The impact of such small help (sometimes less than $12) has given women hope and confidence for the future.

This is a time of great change in India and even more so in Odisha. Many needs still remain: the need for including the masses in the massive development underway and keeping our spirits and culture and our souls alive and fresh as we engage in economic development and improved education. These are among the top challenges that we at SEEDS will continue to fight for.

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Microfinance: Glimpses into how uncommon common sense helps fight poverty on the ground

Binod Nayak

!"#$%&'(#))#%'*+%*+',*'%#-'-#'.+'&+*/,*+&101 Professor Ole Danbolt Mjøs

Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee that awarded 2006 Nobel Peace Prize to Professor Muhammad Yunus and the Grameen Bank

!2#))#%'*+%*+',*'%#-'*#'(#))#%01

Voltaire

In our modern world, we have made enormous progress in scaling the interstellar space, fath-oming the depths of the ocean, understanding the workings of the atom and the human gene, building complex information machines and communication gears to transform the world to a global village. But when it comes to alleviating the curse of poverty on the ground, our success-es have been less than spectacular. The enormi-ty of the problem we are up against is over-whelming. Suffice it to say that, out of a total world population of almost 6.9 billion2, it is estimated that number of poor people in different countries in the world add up to about 3 billion. The majority of these people live on about $2 or less per day. However, about 1 billion of the 3 billion are destitute (poorest of the poor), who live on about $1 or less per day. While it is true that much progress has been made in under-standing the complex nature of poverty, its alleviation on a mass scale still eludes us. Why Poverty Persists? Poverty manifests itself in the form of hunger, malnutrition, lack of shelter, disease and suffer-ing. Looking at the suffering most of us go through an empathetic response. Hence charity, grants and subsidies for the poor are natural responses with such a mindset. More often than not these very empathetic responses become surrogates for our future responses to fight poverty. While charity, grants and subsidies have their place in helping the poor, they are not a panacea in our fight against poverty. In fact if not used with discretion these tools could give rise to a whole host of problems that can be difficult to deal with later. Therefore, in order to wage a successful war against poverty, one needs to be

ingenious and sophisticated in marshalling financial, technological and management re-sources that only befits the worst enemy of the humanity. Anyone who has ever tried to understand the nature of poverty would agree that the causes of poverty appear as a web of tangled knots with many feedback loops. Not only poverty can be its own cause, the feedback loops of many of the fundamental causes of poverty can create vicious whirlpools that can throw the poor into black holes of misery, from which it is difficult to escape. Many of the causes are so pervasive and entrenched that it is difficult to find ways to attack them at their roots. What all this boils down to is: once present in the populace, poverty perpetuates itself by further pauperizing the masses and its elimination becomes a complex and difficult task. To put it differently, the combinatorial complexity of the underlying causes of poverty hinders our efforts to understand the pathways poverty takes to suffocate the poor. That, in turn hinders our vision to find workable solutions to eradicate poverty. For example, finding practical solutions to fight poverty that are applicable across different societies, cultures, geographical regions and countries in different stages of development is not easy. When exceptions become more important than the rules, solutions to fight poverty one builds with care fall apart. What all this implies is that building cogent causal models of poverty is an immensely difficult task. It is perhaps less appreciated than anybody would care to acknowledge.

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Microfinance (Microcredit): A new Paradigm in our Fight against Poverty: If commonsensical ideas could change the world then the advent of microcredit along with micro savings (voluntary savings as opposed to compulsory savings), micro insurance, micro lease and poor-friendly payment systems for remittances (money transfer) have changed forever how we attack poverty at the grassroots !"#"!$% &'%()*% '+"% ,-.#".'-/.0%/1%2-34/34"5-'% -.% '+"%mid-1970s that gave impetus to the concept ,2-34/0% -.% 5"!-#"4-.6% 1-.).3-)!% *"4#-3"*% '/% '+"%poor. The design of microcredit (very briefly discussed later) was based on experimentations that proved that extension of tiny sums of money as credit with poor-friendly terms could im-mensely help the poor by bridging critical funding gaps in their micro business and household cash flows. Since then we realized how financial instruments offered by microfinance in the sphere of credit, savings, insurance, lease, finance and money transfers are profoundly changing how the poor manage their finances, smooth consumption, mitigate risk exposure and in the process have the freedom to leverage their ,capabilities30 to pursue livelihoods of choice. By design, most Microfinance Institutions4 (MFIs) are dedicated to build social capital in the poor communities they serve, which in turn is lever-aged as collateral substitutes under the rubric of group lending to extend microcredit to the poor. While some of the MFIs are moving away from group lending, it still remains one of the most important innovations that have been crucial in the success microfinance on the ground. Be-sides providing access to micro-financial instru-ments and building social capital, many MFIs also deliver a variety of complementary (non-financial) products such as literacy training (including financial literacy), nutrition, hygiene, sanitation, healthcare, education, improved shelter, livelihood and marketing training to the poor. Last but not the least, the MFIs are driven by Double Bottom Line (DBL) goals which include (a) achieving financial sustainability (profitability) and (b) creating social value based on well-defined social mission. In spite of the professed commonsensical nature of micro-finance, the world of microfinance is complex. The scope of this short article is mostly confined to microcredit (the most important instrument in

the microfinance product space) and excludes a discussion of other financial and non-financial products (except for making passing remarks as to their importance) under the microfinance umbrella. The article also sacrifices many of the details as well as important ideas regarding microfinance to provide only a birds-eye-view of the subject.

Access to formal credit by the poor and non-poor alike is fundamental. As we witnessed during the 2007-2008 financial melt-down, when access to credit was throttled, even many of the major industrialized countries around the globe could not avoid severe recessions. No wonder that lack of access to formal credit has been a major hindrance for the poor to improve their economic wellbeing. However, over the years it has been realized that access to microcredit alone is not a sufficient condition to win the war on poverty. Just to elaborate, we all know, savings and insurance work as backstops to mitigate financial ramifications of risky and uncertain events such as sickness in the family, weather related risks (i.e. droughts and cyclones) and diseases that plague farm animals. Therefore, prudence dictates that the poor should learn to save before even they borrow. Therefore, lack of access to savings products creates a degree asymmetry (imbalance) in their access to financial services and also the MFIs, that are in the business of financial intermediation. Similarly, in the absence of access to insurance markets, the poor substi-tute credit, personal savings, social capital, help from charitable entities and governmental assistance to manage their exposures to risky and uncertain events. However, because insur-ance products are designed to mitigate specific risks, they are much more versatile and cost effective in general. Therefore it is critical that the poor have access to micro insurance. Similarly, non-financial products such as sanita-tion, hygiene, nutrition and healthcare play important roles in engendering economic wellbe-ing of the poor. Just to illustrate, because the poor mostly monetize physical labor in whatever livelihoods they pursue, less number of sick days helps them to put more money in their pockets. This is particularly true because, the poor normally do not have sick leaves and insurance as backstop mechanisms. Besides, a poor person who is sick not only cannot earn, has to spend money on healthcare that they can ill

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afford. When the breadwinner in a poor family falls sick, it disrupts a variety of other activities, including the education of their children and the upkeep of the elderly.

Now let us begin the discussion on microcredit by briefly mentioning about some of the im-portant features of microcredit that sets it apart from garden variety loans provided by the commercial banks. First of all, these loans are rather small, and can range anywhere from $25 to $500. Normally they cluster around $100 to $200 range. The final maturities of these loans are short and usually range anywhere from 3 months to 3 years. The repayments on these loans (in each period) are small and more frequent in order to accommodate the cash flow patterns of the poor. They are mostly on a weekly or bi-weekly basis although there are microloans that have monthly repayment pro-files. As in the case of credit card loans, most of these loans have no grace period and start repaying just after the disbursement of a loan. The poor normally access microcredit without posting any traditional collateral and most MFIs !"#$%&' ()*' +#",&' "*,-' #%' ."#$/' ,*%&0%.' 123#0%(-,0!40,0(-' 5#%("!5(678' !6' 5#,,!(*"!,' 6$46(0($(*69'which leverage social capital to keep the repay-ment rates high and transaction costs and credit risk exposures low. Besides group lending, the MFIs utilize other outside-the-box ideas such as progressive lending and compulsory savings (used as partial cash collateral) to minimize credit risk exposure. Volumes have been written about the innovative features used in micro lending, but the scope of this article does not allow for such discussions. The MFIs in general charge market based interest rates. The rates charged by most MFIs range from about 20% to 45% per annum. However, there are some MFIs that could charge much higher rates that can even reach around 100% per annum. When in a world, the non-poor go about splitting one hundredth of a percent to get low rates on their loans from commercial banks the reader would rightfully wonder how is it that the MFIs lend to the poor at such high rates. They would also wonder how it is that even with such high interest rates the demand for such lending is exploding. As the reader could surmise, the answer to this question largely lies in the opportunity cost of capital for

the poor. To elaborate, in the world the poor live, access to capital is constrained and hence expensive for a variety of reasons. For example, in order to borrow from moneylenders a poor borrower usually pays to the tune of 10% to 20% of interest per month. At 10% per month, these rates compound to about 214% per annum. If these are not high enough, there are money-lenders who charge 10% to 20% per day. The 2:-;7' "!(*6' 0%' <!(0%' =>*"05!' !"* examples of daily rates where for every $5 of borrowing the borrower has to return $6 at the end of the day, which translates to 20% per day. When annual-ized, these rates reach stratospheric levels. In reality though, on a risk adjusted basis the moneylenders do not always make such high returns. However, it goes without saying that they make exorbitant profits from their captive borrowers (clients) through opportunistic lending. In comparison to the moneylenders the MFIs lend to the poor at lower rates and their terms of lending are poor-friendly. However, their lending rates are much higher than the rates offered to the non-poor by the commercial banks. This is partly because lending to the poor lack econo-mies of scale. For example to lend $1 million, a commercial bank would perhaps make 10 loans of around $100,000 each. In comparison though, an MFI making $100 loans would have to make 10,000 loans to reach $1 million of disburse-ment. It goes without saying, in comparison, lending to 10,000 poor clients (that too in remote areas who also lack credit history) is much more labor intensive and complex than lending to 10 relatively more sophisticated clients with credit history. And this at least partially explains why MFI lending rates are high. Over the years it has been well recognized that the microfinance industry has been instrumental in putting down the plumbing for financial inter-mediation in the poor communities around the world. Besides, the synergy engendered by the microfinance platform has been widely leveraged by the major stakeholders, i.e. the social entre-preneurs, the governments, the donors, charita-ble foundations and the business to help the poor in improving their economic wellbeing. The magnitude of the success of microfinance on the ground can be gleaned from the fact that based #%' *6(0>!(*6' /"#?0&*&' 4-' ()*' 2@(!(*' #A' ()*'B05"#5"*&0(' @$>>0(' C!>/!0.%'D*/#"(' EFGG97' !('

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the end of 2009 about 190 million poor house-holds had already accessed microcredit of which 140 million were poor women5. Such path breaking achievements on the ground by micro-finance has been amply recognized, including, the declaration of 2005 as the International Year of Microcredit by the UN and the award of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize to Professor Muham-mad Yunus and the Gramee!"#$!%"&'" for their efforts to create economic and social develop-ment from below6() Ongoing beyond the Commonsensical nature of Microfinance: In spite of the professed commonsensical nature of microfinance if one looks deep down, one wonders how it is that such tiny sums of money, when lent for short periods of time could achieve so much for the poor. Many even question if microfinance is no more than a stop-*$+" ,-$./0-1" $" &.2304-4-0," +$556$467-)" 43" 42-"complex problems of poverty7. Many have wondered how millions of the poor would be able to become successful entrepreneurs just by accessing microloans when their microenterpris-es in general lack economies of scale. What is more, lack of scientifically proven impact studies as regards to many of the important assertions made by the supporters of microcredit, has emboldened its critics. At the same it is important to highlight why delivering microfinance on the ground is a complex task. Some of the major issues include lack of good infrastructure and supporting public and private institutions without which delivery of financial services become difficult. The situation is also complicated by the fact that a high percentage of the poor is not educated; some-times not even literate. When we consider such things nepotism, corruption, lack of an enabling regulatory environment to support microfinance and also lack of respect for the rule of law, it is no wonder that it is very difficult for the MFIs to operate at the grassroots level. For example, supportive regulatory environment could help MFIs to offer voluntary savings for the poor and public-at-large which in turn would enable the poor to save and help the MFIs to utilize deposits as an inexpensive source of funding to keep microloan interest rates lower. What is more, the Double Bottom Line (DBL) objectives of financial sustainability and social mission create complex

management issues that are unique to the MFIs. This is because while the measurement of financial return and financial bottom line is well understood, measurement of social return and social bottom line is less intuitive and more complex. This is because there is a lack of well-defined and accepted metric to measure what the social value is and hence social return. As a result setting DBL objectives and managing MFIs to attain these objectives in a balanced manner may sound easier than what they are in reality. It is also true that most of the controversies surrounding the delivery of microfinance today emanate from performing the balancing act to achieve DBL objectives in a seamless way. During the last 15 years, as demand for micro-credit skyrocketed, large numbers of MFIs went through transformation to adequately fund themselves from commercial sources. However, pressures of commercialization, rapid growth and competition in the industry have led to some of the MFIs drifting away from the core mission of reaching out to the poorest (mission drift), charging high interest rates, over-lending (result-ing in high levels of indebtedness among the poor clients) and use of coercive techniques to make delinquent borrowers comply with debt service payments. There have been also allega-tions, that such coercive techniques have driven poor borrowers to suicide. As a result, when some of the commercialized MFIs listed on stock exchanges (through Initial Public Offerings) there was widespread criticism that these institutions were putting shareholder interests ahead of those of their poor clients. Needless to say, some of the causes of the 2010 crisis in the microfinance industry in the state of Andhra Pradesh (considered the microfinance capital of India) can be traced to the commercialization of the industry to grow at a rapid rate. Conclusion: Poverty is multidimensional and only multidi-mensional solutions could attack poverty at its roots. Democratization of access to credit, savings, insurance and other financial services for the poor goes to the heart of microfinance, which helps the poor in attacking poverty on various fronts. Over 30 years ago, NGOs led by many of the visionaries of microfinance realized the wisdom of delivering microcredit to the poor. From its inception microcredit has been relying

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on funding from the governments, donors and charitable foundations to deliver credit to the poor. Today, commercialization of large numbers of MFIs has proved the point that it is possible to deliver financial services to the poor without relying on subsidy and grants. However, com-mercialization has brought with it a whole host of issues (that we alluded to in the previous sec-tion), which the industry has to confront in the

near term, in order to attain its twin goals of sustainability and social mission. Given the resilience of the microfinance industry it is hoped that over the next several years, the micro-finance institutions, their delivery models and the financial tools that they offer to the poor would go through transformation, in which major stakeholders would cooperate to make financial inclusion a reality on the ground

1 Quote from the speech given by Professor Ole Danbolt Mjos, Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, on the occasion of the presentation of 2006 Nobel Peace Prize to Professor Muhammad Yunus and the Grameen Bank in Oslo, December 10, 2006.

2 Estimate of world population as of September 2010, down-loaded from the website, www.census.gov/ipc/www/popclockworld.html.

!"#$"%&'"())*"+,-.-/)01-$2"3'"45--6)178"09(/&'%-6"(:";<=)56">$&.-5'&2:"?5-''"@ABBBC7"?5)=-'')5"D1352:3"E-$"6-=&$-'"0).-52:"3'7"+F"2%-"6-05&.32&)$")="(3'&G"G303(&/&2&-'"532%-5"2%3$"1-5-/:"3'"/)H$-''")="&$G)1-'"FI8

4 We use MFIs here in a generic sense, i.e. any institution that delivers microfinance to the poor. 5 J--67"K355:"JI7"+E232-")="2%-"L&G5)G5-6&2"E911&2"M3103&N$"J-0)52"OPPB78"?9(/&'%-6"(: Microcredit Summit

Campaign, Washington DC, 2011. 6 Extract from the Nobel Peace Prize Award announcement, October 13, 2006, as quoted in the speech by

Professor Ole Danbolt Mjos, Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee in Oslo on December 10, 2006. 7 D&G%2-57"Q%)13'7"+R%32S'"R5)$N"H&2%"L&G5)=&$3$G-T8"-6&2-6"(:"Q%)13'",&G%2-5"3$6"L3/G)/1"U350-57"?53G2&G3/"

Action Publishing, 2007.

After many years of service at the World Bank, Binod Nayak is currently freelancing. His professional interests include Microfinance, Investment Management and Financial Risk Management. His other interests include Cognitive Science and Philosophy. Email: binodnayak@hotmail.com

Building Organizational Capacity with an AmeriCorps VISTA Program

Mamata Misra It was year 2000, the beginning of my second term as the President of SAHELI. SAHELI had been in existence for about 8 years as a small group of dedicated volunteers helping Asian victims and survivors of domestic violence to live 3" /&=-"=5--")="3(9'-I"#$" 2%-":-35"ABBB7"EDUVK#S'"help line had registered 257 calls and 38 people had been helped in various ways, long term support and counseling, legal advocacy, lan-guage interpretation, temporary shelter, skill building, and so on. Our annual cash revenue was only $10,562, hardly enough to plan any-thing big. Life was lonely at SAHELI; at times, only three volunteer advocates were available to help clients. We were lucky if seven volunteers could make it to a monthly meeting.

The same few volunteers were challenged and stretched with a multitude of tasks. Naturally, helping clients took precedence over everything else and required a lot of patience, energy, and continuing education to be able to help a domes-tic violence survivor. Each case may keep an advocate busy for 100 to 200 hours depending on how complicated the case was. We did outreach as time permitted. Fundraising seemed to be what we did last although our clients often had no money for their legal expenses or educa-tion and needed interest free loans from us. Most )="9'"6&6$S2" /&*-"3'*&$N" =)5"1)$-:I"U&5&$N"')1e-one was only a dream. Was there any way to get out of the vicious circle? Was there any way to G5)''" 2%-" +W92" H%)" H&//" 6)" &2T8" 3$6" +R-" 6)$S2"%3.-"2%-"1)$-:8"(355&-5'T"

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While volunteering at SafePlace, the mainstream shelter in Austin, I had worked with several young and energetic people who were called VISTA (Volunteer in Service to America). They were fulltime volunteers, committed to a year of community service after college. They did not get a salary but a small living allowance and food stamps to get by. Perhaps getting a VISTA was !"#$ %&'(#)$ !*$ +,-./01'$ 2)*34#56$ 7"84#$ (#$focused on services, a VISTA could focus on everything else the organization needed. Even-tually, the VISTA could generate funds for SAHELI to be able to hire its first paid staff. But we were so small and an all-volunteer organiza-tion! Could we really have our own VISTA program? Who would direct and supervise it when we have no staff? Or should we jointly work with our big sister SafePlace to get a VISTA through their program? After meeting with SafePlace Programs Director who welcomed the idea of including SAHELI in their VISTA pro-gram, I sent a brief project description with goals and objectives and waited anxiously. A few months later, I found out that the Corpora-tion for National and Community Services (CNCS) who administers the AmeriCorps*VISTA program had informed SafePlace that if SAHELI wanted a VISTA program, it is best for SAHELI to apply independently. Was this a disappoint-ment or an opportunity? I called the VISTA program director at CNCS to explore. The VISTA director at CNCS assured me that if our applica-tion and project met the requirements, if we followed their guidelines and procedures, and were able to supervise and report progress, it 989&1!$)#%44:$5%!!#)$("#!"#)$(#$(#)#$38;$*)$'5%44<$all-volunteer or staffed. VISTA supervisors had to attend a three-day training offered by CNCS before application approval. Inspired by the possibility, I started the application process and enrolled myself in the VISTA Supervisor training that summer. I believe I was the only volunteer supervisor attending the training. Since I was already spending a significant time doing client advocacy, community education, writing small grant proposals for special projects, organizing events, editing the newsletter, and supporting volunteers, I felt that my time could be better utilized if I focused it on directing a VISTA to get things done rather than doing it myself.

It took the rest of the year to complete all the steps for the multi-step application process. In spring 2001, our application got approved by CNCS. Recruitment took a couple more months and then we waited for our first VISTA to be trained and accepted by CNCS. In July 2001, about 18 months after the VISTA idea entered 5:$ "#%9<$ +,-./01'$ =8)'!$ :#%)$ >0+?,$ +*@5:%$Bhat started her one-year term, to be followed by Jennifer Na starting in July 2002, Sona Shah and Linda Rondinelli in July 2003, and Tania Shahani in August 2004. Now we approach July 2005, when the four-year VISTA project comes to an end after serving its purpose. There are constraints associated with a VISTA project. Since each VISTA member only works for a year, it is important for each VISTA to organize and document her work clearly so that the next VISTA can easily carry on the project. Also, VISTA members are not substitutes for staff; they cannot provide direct services and must not be assigned routine tasks. A VISTA 2)*A#B!1'$ 2@)2*'#$ 8'$ !*$ 3@849$ !"#$ B%2%B8!:$ *=$ !"#$organization. The SAHELI VISTA project had three capacity building goals: 1. To make Asian communities in the Austin

metropolitan area more aware of domestic violence and its prevention by supporting and expanding Saheli's outreach programs.

2. To support, expand, strengthen, and diversify Saheli's volunteer base.

3. To assist with resource development and fund-raising.

Through outreach efforts of the VISTAs, SAHELI is now better known in the Austin Metropolitan area. This increased awareness is drawing more people to SAHELI to receive as well as give help. Before the VISTA project started, about seven people attended volunteer meetings on the average. Now at our volunteer meetings, most chairs in the room are occupied and once a neighbor reported our volunteers occupying all the parking spaces leaving none for his clients. The annual Walk for Safe Families event has seen a six-fold growth in participation. Through the grant research and writing done by the VISTAs, SAHELI has received funding from the Health and Human Services Commission.

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This has enabled us to staff our programs and provide face-to-face sessions with clients, two ongoing support groups, programs for children and parents, and a large number of trainings, roundtables, workshops, and information booths. Some of the past VISTAs who stayed in Austin after their term to study or work had valued their SAHELI experience so much that they continued to contribute as Board members or volunteer advocates.

As we get ready to end the VISTA project and transfer the work done by the VISTAs to staff and Board members, I see that SAHELI is stronger than ever before. Our success and accomplishments are to be celebrated. But we have also learned that SAHELI must strive to sustain what it has. Who will do it and how to get the money will be on-going challenges for SAHELI and any such organization.

In September 2005, after this article was written, finally, SAHELI had the money and the Board training required to be able to hire its first executive director. The organization (www.saheli-austin.org) has grown in leaps and bounds since then and is now strong, with over 10 staff members and many interns and volunteers servi!"#$%&'!#(')&*&+%#&!#!++,-#.#/0+1&0+,2#(03)#4$567.#&!#899:#;<1#%1&**#=3*<n-teer as a community ambassador to connect it with our community, to be a reminder of our humble grass root beginning

!"#$%"&#'("&)*+(,$"-.*/&0*&"1*2&3')&*43&"#'*4$"&*

Sri Gopal Mohanty

The world celebrated the 100th anniversary of !"#$%"&#'("&)*+(,$"-.* /&0* #1'.* 0$&%* ("* 2&%31*8th. The first national Women's Day was ob-served on 28 February 1909 in the United States following a declaration by the Socialist Party of America. Inspired, in part by American socialists, Luise Zietz and Clara Zetkin from Germany proposed the establishment of an annual Inter-na#'("&)* +(,$"-.* /&y at the meeting of The Socialist International held at Copenhagen in 1910. The proposal was greeted with unanimous approval by the conference of over 100 women from 17 countries. The idea being it would be a strategy to press for their demands against wom$"-.* (44%$..'("* &"5* 4%(,(#$* $67&)* %'81#.9*including suffrage. The following year on March :;9* #1$* <'%.#* !"#$%"&#'("&)* +(,$"-.* /&0* =!+/>*was celebrated in Europe. That day more than a million women and men attended rallies cam-paigning for women's rights to work, vote, and be trained to hold public office and to end discrimi-nation. Since 1913 the chosen date for IWD has been March 8th. The new millennium has witnessed a significant change and a shift in attitude in both women's and the society's thoughts about women's

equality and emancipation. Today IWD is losing its political flavor and is becoming simply an occasion for men to express love and respect to ?(,$"9* .(,$?1&#* @$#?$$"* 2(#1$%-.* /&0* &"5*A&)$"#'"$-.* /&0B* C(?$D$%* #1$* (%'8'"&)* 4()'#'3&)*and human rights theme still runs strong and political and social awareness of the struggles of women worldwide are brought out and examined in a hopeful manner. The IWD events honor and celebrate the achievements of women all around the world. On this occasion, my Indian cultural background and my association with Mahila Shanti Sena (MSS) brought to mind to invoke some verses from a prayer to the Divine Mother, Durga: Yaa devi sarvabhuteshu matru - rupena sam-sthita, namastasyai, namastasyai, namastasyai, namo namah. To that goddess who abides in all beings as mother; Salutations to Thee. Yaa devi sarvabhuteshu shanti - rupena sam-.#1'#&9*"&,&.#&.0&'*E*E*E To that goddess who abides in all beings as peace: Salutations to Thee. Yaa devi sarvabhuteshu shakti - rupena sam-.#1'#&9*"&,&.#&.0&'*E*E*E

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To that goddess who abides in all beings as power: Salutations to Thee. My reason to select these verses is spontaneous as they represent Mahila Shanti Sena or Wom-!"#$% &!'(!% )*+,'-!.% /0% +"1!*2*!1+",% 3415!*% 14%represent womanhood 4*% $+3260% 7843!"9% '"-%shakti meaning power or force to represent Sena or Brigade when power emphatically refers to moral power derived by joining hands together allegorically to form a brigade. MSS: A vision 7:::;1% <!'(5%=+66',!%(433>"+10?%$54>6-%/!%'/6! to plan its total life in terms of economy, education, health and other things pertaining to local life. The village community needs an army of peace-workers, who will not fight among themselves but are willing to solve problems and resolve con-flicts and disputes peacefully. In this task of neighborhood-building, women are likely to be /!11!*%15'"%3!":9%@5'1% +$%15!%*'1+4"'6!%4A%B'5+6'%C5'"1+% C!"':% 7D'"% 8!% "41% >$!% 5!*% <843'"#$?%creative talents to make society more human '"-%!"6+,51!"!-E9%%%%%% Acharya Ramamurti F(5'*0'G+#$%(4"(!21%85+(5%+$%+"%2*+"(+26!%H'"-5i-an and thoroughly rooted in Indian culture puts women in the leading role. It finds a supportive tone in a recent study: (Maganto, Carmen, Garaigordobil, Maite. "Eval-uación del perdón: Diferencias generacionales y diferencias de sexo". Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología 42 (3): 391-403, Sept 2010. ISSN 0120-0534) that infers women are more ready to A4*,+=!% 15'"% 3!":% 7F% -!(+$+=!% A'(14*% +"% 15!%capacity to forgive is empathy and women have a greater empathetic capacity than males", Carmen Maganto, co-author of the study and a tenured professor at the Psychology Faculty of the University of the Basque Country, tells SINC (Servicio de Información y Noticias Científicas - The Scientific Information and News Service). Yet at the same time Acharyaji realized that the women have suffered more than men the consequences of poverty, violence and social neglect; even though for millenniums, women as daughters, wives, mothers and grandmothers have built and taken care of their families. It is time to redress this shameful aspect of humanity. Thus under his guidance, the following state-

ment: 7I!%'*!%843!".%15+$%+$%"41%'%A'>61:%I!%'*!%proud to be women. As a daughter, sister, wife and mother our position in society is that of equality. We should be so treated. We are determined to be treated as equals. When the country is free and independent, there is no reason why anyone should be treated as a second-(6'$$%(+1+J!":9%/!('3!%2'*1%4A%15!%5+$14*+(%declaration by women at Vaishali Sabha in February 2002. It is remarkably similar to the traditional theme of IWD, but the concept of MSS is not totally entrenched in the principle of fighting to gain 4"!#$% *+,51.% +"1*+"$+('660% A+,51+",% ','+"$1% 3!":%Rather it calls for emanating the inner feminine force so as to act in a constructive but not combative manner for the benefit of building a peaceful society and therefore seeks the coop-eration of all including men. MSS Goal: To remove gender discrimination and to empower women in community building through peaceful approach The goal of MSS is to be achieved through training and ongoing communication. The MSS training is to prepare women to be the agents of change in community building and in peaceful conflict resolution. The training process helps to improve self-esteem and confidence in women. It helps recognize individuality and develop mutual respect, bring inner transformation. Also women learn to work together, participate in decision making in a participatory democracy, learn the discipline, rules & regulations and understand leadership roles. The training schedule gradually moves from warm-up sessions to sessions on initiating participation, intensive participation, joining MSS and to planning future action. The training methodology has 3 features: partici-patory, sharing of experience, group discussion and presentation, contextual examples, situa-tional analysis, interpretation of historical and mythological stories and events, simulation games, lecture, questions and answers.

Odisha Experience First Phase The training program was initiated in select villages of Mayurbhanj District in 2005 and since

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then has spread to some villages of Balasore, Jagatsinghpur, Sambalpur, Angul, Nuapada Districts and will soon start in Baudh and Sonpur Districts. The impact has been tremendous, especially among women trained during 2005-06, in boosting their self-esteem and providing a leadership role, their success in working togeth-er, in handling many conflicts in the community and in completing some development projects. Some of these women are active in participating in palli sabha (village panchayat meetings) and bringing out women issues for discussion, fighting against social injustice such as caste divide and anti social activities mostly caused by unrestrained alcohol use which is considered as number one social menace and have worked for community upliftment such as to get a dirt road paved which connects several villages and was used to be under water during rainy season. The Sambalpur training camp in 2009 provided some lessons on organizing future camps. Since the women in the program were from tribal villages, it was soon realized that the training process should be sensitive to tribal cultures and languages. Therefore selected local women with broader cultural and language exposure should be trained as trainers in the region. Second Phase After the initial training, the necessity of MSS groups to expand and sustain is vital for their survival. For this purpose they should meet regularly on a monthly and quarterly basis and form new groups. In addition, the earlier formed groups should be strengthened by providing further training on topics pertaining to MSS goals and objectives. I. For the first one and in view of preceding observation on Sambalpur camp, supervisors and trainers are needed for different localized areas. Recently a training of trainers (TOT) camp !"#$%&'()%*+($"*$,''"-"'.#$&//0%+$ /1&2$3+41u-ary 12 to 14. It is a process that looks after the details in preparing someone for the role. TOT Description 1. Go over the entire schedule of a training

camp 2. Practical training of the trainees and individ-

ual practice 3. Narration of past experiences of MSS old

members

4. MSS concepts, need, history and operations 5. Expected work for a year The training is more detailed than just going over the schedules of a training camp, such as how to start a meeting introducing yourself to the audience, make eye contact with the audience, and smile as you speak and to be sensitive and gentle with negative remarks. An important feature is to have a follow-up discus-sion/evaluation including, comments, criticism and suggestions for improvement, right after the demonstration by a trainee. Lalu Mansinha, Professor Emeritus at University of Western Ontario, Canada attended one session and commented: 56 am very impressed by the training of trainers. 76$ !0#8$ +9+1-$IAS/OAS officer should take this type of training, 0'$4"#0%$:+&:;+$#<0;;#= II. Besides supervision, it is intended to strength-en Mayurbhanj-Balasore region based on its existing structure and activities with the introduc-tion of workshops on Gandhian principles, rights and responsibilities, health and hygiene, corner-stones/ethical principles/ values, livelihoods, panchayatiraj systems, awareness and applica-tion of principles of democracy, and conflict resolution A five-year plan for both items is tentatively prepared. Future Acharya Ramamurti thought of MSS to as a movement. We are working towards that goal in Odisha. For this purpose, a 3 day event of an International conference on culture of peace and progress through MSS at Bhubaneswar, a workshop to share experiences of different MSS groups at Angul and a regional MSS conference at Sambalpur are actively being planned for February 2012. The objective of the events is to bring MSS to the public attention, improve their own self image and to encourage women elsewhere to join. Debadas Mohapatra, English Lecturer at Kan-tamal and a Youth Red Cross Counsellor hap-pened to attend a MSS training Camp and the recent TOT. He is extremely enthusiastic to work to spread it to many districts such as Khurda,

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Nayagarh, Ganjam, Kandhamal, Gajapati, Rayagada, Koraput and Malkangiri. Past success of MSS in Odisha is due to its association with SHGs (Self Help Groups). MSS will explore joining hands with different women organizations and groups. In the recent training at Khariar, Nuapada in February, most of the new MSS members were from ASHA (Accredit-ed Social Health Activists).

MSS Map of Odisha Possible future activities will be in Districts: Khurdha, Nayagarh, Kandhamal, Ganjam, Gajapati, Rayagada, Koraput, Malkangiri. Proposed 3-day event in 1012 will be at Bhuba-neswar-Angul-Sambalpur. Supporting institutions/ organizations and individuals Centre for Peace Studies, McMaster University, Canada SEEDS (Sustainable Economic and Educational Development Society), USA AID !"##$%&'(&$)* +$,* -).&'/#* 01213$451)(67* 89"* : initially for two years Administration and Execu-tion Unnayan, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Local arrangements BISWA (Bharat Integrated Social Welfare Agency), Sambalpur, Odisha, India SRUSTI (Society for Rural Upliftment & Socio Technical Initiative), Khariar, Odisha, India Baji Raut Chhatrabas, Angul, Odisha, India Gouranga Charan and Sabitri Dash, Khamara, Odisha, India Debadas Mohapatra, Kantamal, Odisha, India Advice Sudarsan Das, HDF Bhanu Panigrahi, Ex-MSS Administrator at Unnayan Annapurna Pandey, University of California at Santa Cruz.

The contributions of the above mentioned institutions/organizations and individuals are highly appreciated. In addition, Nivedita Scudder of Unnayan, Bani Mohapatra of BISWA, Krishna Mohanty of Baji Raut Chhatrabas and Biswajit Padhi of SRUSTI deserve special mention. However, most credit for the continuity and success of MSS training goes to the trainers Rashmi Mohanty (Leader), Anup Behera, Rita Parida, Satyabrata Das, Indira Mohanty and Sanjib Das, all being part of Unnayan. Final Note In an interview with Sarah Hampson, Jessica ;$,)7* '* <,&(1,* ').* <$51)/#* ,&=>(#* '%(&2&#(*working to end violence against women mostly in Africa, remarked: They may have been disem-powered by the act of violence, but speaking out empowers them (The Globe and Mail,. April 7, 2011). MSS training empowers the women : at least they learn to speak out. Empowerment implies economic sustainability. Micro-credit through SHG has helped to a large extent. But in Odisha such institutions have not been able to catch the poorest of the poor. In order to help them, Joyasree(Ranu) Mahanti, the Founder of NGO Aamara Biswas, has the novel idea of helping women through Nano Finance, which is to lend interest-free small loans that will help emergency needs, say for food, healthcare, small trades, and their children's education (see http://www.aamarabiswas.org). SEEDS (see http://www.seedsnet.org) which is a partner of MSS, supports the work of Aamara Biswas. Women empowerment often stops at improving their political rights and at their economic bet-terment. On the other hand, MSS is a holistic approach to prepare women through training, first by transforming them to be the change (in the footsteps of Gandhian principle) and then to become (>1* '=1)(#* $+* %>')=1* &)* ?%$55@)&(A*B@&3.&)=C* <>&%>* &)%3@.1#* (>1&,* 4',(&%&4'(&$)* &)*Panchayatiraj at political level, getting engaged in economic and other social wellbeing of the society. The Centre for Peace Studies, McMaster Uni-versity (Canada) has been a great supporter of MSS in India since its inception in Vaishali in 2002. During last 6-7 years, the University has sent 1-2 students to study MSS in different parts

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of the country as AUCC (Association of Universi-ty and Community Colleges) interns who are funded by CIDA (Canadian International Devel-opment Agency). MSS has become a great

learning resource for AUCC interns and at the same time MSS women derive a sense of satisfaction and pride that people care about them beyond India.

Sri Gopal Mohanty is an Emeritus Professor in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics at McMas-ter University. He is Vice-President (Rural Development) of MSS International, Canada and is with SEEDS since its inception. He regularly visits India helping to carry out SEEDS projects including MSS.

Aamara Biswas: Women helping women through Nano Finance

Joyasree Mahanti The Aamara Biswas organization was estab-lished in November 9, 2007 to implement the Nano Finance concept for the poorest of the poor women of the state of Orissa. It has com-pleted three years. By giving interest free small (less than $12) loans through its signature Nano Finance scheme, it has helped more than 4000 women in different areas of the state of Orissa. Trust (BISWAS) is the key factor for the success of Nano Finance. In fact, the women themselves are responsible for the success of Nano Finance and for the existence of Aamara Biswas organi-zation. They are assisted by a coordinator who manages the project by following a few rules without many restrictions. It is up to the coordina-tor to decide to whom a loan will be given and how she will motivate her to return the loan so that other women in similar situations can use the funds. The coordinator is also responsible for spreading the Nano Finance concept by analyz-ing the situations and needs of women in particu-lar areas. As the need for loans depends on local conditions; where the coordinator understands community needs and problems, the women are doing well. The coordinators who work for Aamara Biswas truly believe in serving the poor women. They and the women borrowers are responsible for the vitality of Aamara Biswas. The project has failed in a few places where the coordinators are either not interested in the concept or the progress of the poor women. Nano Finance helps women not to become the victims of money lenders or poorer. Further, it

gives them a sense of security and comfort in times of emergency. Aamara Biswas gives them the opportunity to earn more money and to provide a better life to their families. The impact of such small help (sometimes less than $12) has given women hope and confidence for the future. When I ask them to take bigger loans from micro finance institutions for expanding their businesses, they respond that they prefer to take small interest free loans from Aamara Biswas because they can return these loans comfortably, at their convenience, within the allocated time period. Details of the Projects Aamara Biswas has implemented the Nano Finance concept in eight districts (Sambalpur town, Villages of Sambalpur, Baragarh, Anugul, Puri, Jagatsingpur, and Nuapada). The areas are monitored by the coordinators. It has failed in Bhadrak and Keonjhar districts due to the miscommunication of the coordinators. Many women have taken loans several times to improve their livelihood. We give education loans and encourage them to return those sooner. Once the women understand the concept of Nano Finance and its benefits, they return the loan regularly. Sometimes, the coordinators need to remind them. Also some clients take more than a year to return their loans. The default is negligible for last one year. Aamara Biswas opened a low budget temporary school in June 2010 in the Kiakata village,

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Anugul district, where the children were not going to school due to lack of awareness of education. There are girls (ages 7 to 14 or more) !"#$ %&%'()$ "*+,$ )",$ -*.&/ education. They had been staying home to take care of siblings and do house chores while their parents worked. They have learnt to read and write in six months. We are planning to open a tailoring training center for the girls, so that the young girls can learn and make clothing and other items to sell. Aamara Biswas has taken over a center (Purusottampur, Cuttack district) which was not functioning due to lack of funding. Aamara Biswas has given Rs.1,24,000 ($2,850) as a loan to buy raw materials. There is already an infra-structure with sewing machines and other materials to start the production unit with enough trained girls/women in the village. Aamara Biswas has started the project with 555 drinking water filters (about $10 each). The women are buying the filters through the Nano Finance scheme at $11.50. The extra amount of $1.50 covers the administrative and transporta-tion costs. Most of the women understand the importance of clean drinking water. The filters and containers are made locally. The filter is developed by a local scientist. Currently, most of the filters are given to the women of Jagatsingpur district and a few in Sambalpur district. Aamara Biswas is hopes to expand the project to different parts of the state. Project Evaluation after three years, by Joyasree Mahanti I have been overwhelmed and excited to see the impact of Nano Finance on the poorest of the poor women of the society in last three years. Aamara Biswas encourages the women and girls to start small trades within their reach and comfort level and expand their trades with time and experience. I encourage the women to take individual loans but work together for support and share the profit among them (making of bricks, ropes and door mats etc.). I am always concerned for the sustainability of the organization. Though the administrative costs are small; as the project expands, it will need more funds to cover the administrative /#.)0$ $1",$#23*'&4*)&#'$/*'()$*5!*6.$%,7,'%$#'$donations or grants. Nano Finance provides

interest free loans; the problem is how to sustain it in the coming years. Aamara Biswas has a corpus fund and the interest accrued covers part of the administrative cost. Our plan is to increase the amount of the corpus fund with time. The other goal is to find a way to have some small business where part of the profit can be used for the administrative cost. Currently, the coordinators of the Sambalpur center are making ladies garments in the office space when they are not busy with Nano Finance activities. The profit will go towards the administrative costs. The future plan is to have a production center for making ropes and door mats in Puri district. A small percentage of the profit will go towards the salaries and maintenance of the center. We just have started a production unit in Purusottampur, 89))*/:$%&.)2&/)$ ;#2$<*:&'3$ 5*%&,.($3*2<,').0$=,$hope to expand it. A small percentage of the 72#;&)$!&55$-,$9.,%$;#2$)",$/,'),2(.$<*&'),'*'/,0 Expanding the Nano Finance project in other areas requires more funding and coordinators who understand the concept. Though Aamara Biswas does not advertise its activities, women from nearby areas find it through word of mouth and often come from a distance for loans. It is %&;;&/95)$)#$%,'6$)",<$-9)$!,$%#'()$"*+,$*$/"#&/,0$The coordinators try their best to give loans to the women who are in need. It is easy to give loans to the same women who have a good credit history. But there are also others who are in desperate situations and want to improve their livelihoods with the help of Aamara Biswas. We provide loans with trust and hope that the women will return the loans for their own and #)",2.($-,',;&)0$ It is hard for other non-profit organizations to implement the Nano Finance concept, because it is not a profit making venture. Aamara Biswas is a non-profit organization which achieves its goals through the women. It sustains and manages all the activities with limited funds. There are no unnecessary or lavish expendi-tures. The main goal is to save the women from money lenders during times of emergency, to help them improve their financial conditions within their limits and to provide basic needs to their children and family members.

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Strengths & Weaknesses of Nano Finance Strengths: 1. The women do not have to go to the money lenders in case of emergency. The loan process is extremely simple and very quick. 2. Women utilize a small amount of loan effi-ciently and privately (without any family mem-!"#$%&'()"#*"#"(+",&-"#%"%&.&/.#0"#&.123()&45"#"&)5"6& 72($)& 5.-"& 13+5& +2()#2/& 2#& 8(24/"70"& 2*&using the loan properly. 3. Women help other women in similar situations by bringing them to Aamara Biswas centers for getting loan and taking the responsibility for the return of the loan. 4. The coordinators are from the same communi-ty, who understand the situation better than a person who is an outsider. 5. A project can start and sustain with any initial amount and continue as long as the women return the loan and the amount is recycled. 6. The coordinators and the women are respon-sible for the success of their areas which em-powers them and gives them ownership of the center. There is no hierarchy. 7. Due to small amounts of money loans, coordi-(.)2#%&72($)&5.-"& )2&0")& '(-2/-"7& '(&!.(8& )#.(s-action. They disburse the collected amount to others or same women as soon as possible. Weaknesses: 1. Amara Biswas cannot expand quickly due to lack of funds and local coordinators who are not willing to work with low salaries. 2. At the present mostly dependent on donations which is a major concern for the sustainability of the organization.

3. Manual book keeping is time consuming and may not be adequate if the organization expands in the future. 4. Hard to find coordinators who truly believe in working for the interest of the poorest of poor women and Nano Finance concept. 5. Other NGO(s) may not like to adapt the Nano Finance concept; as it is not profit making. Conclusion I am thrilled with the results and excited to see the progress of each woman with the help of Aamara Biswas. Often a woman will tell me her success story with a smile and excitement. She will hold my hand and ask if she can get another loan of Rs500 or Rs1000 (12-24 dollars) soon to improve her current condition. At the same time, she also understands that her friends need help more than she does. Therefore she will wait for the next month to get her second loan. Despite her poverty, she is more caring and concerned about her friends and neighbors than some of us 452& .#"& *.#& 4"./)5'"#9& :5"%"&421"($%& %3++"%%&stories are not like those of the famous people of the world but they are beautiful and give a different perspective of life. Their dreams are small, limited to what is necessary to live in this world with basic requirements. Listening to the stories of the women of Aamara Biswas can teach us about other meanings of success and about genuine social support. The coordinators, the women of Aamara Biswas, and I sincerely thank the donors for their kind-ness and trust. It is not possible to have come this far without their genuine support.

Aamara Biswas Joyasree (Ranu) Mahanti www.aamarabiswas.org East Lansing, Michigan

Education Funding

Arun Misra

Education makes a person better. It helps one earn more money, makes people more useful to the society. But the 'education', especially good quality, at fine institutions is expensive and getting more and more expensive, day by day. Investing funds for the use of children, for current and future educational expenses has to be hence,

very prudent. I will try to narrate approaches that I have used for my clients and my children and grand-children over the last 25 years or so. I will describe those under 3 different headings: 1) Life Insurance,

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2) Education IRA and 3) College Savings Plan. Insurance: Whenever a child is born to a client, a prospect, a family member etc., I rush to set up a life insur-ance for the child called juvenile insurance, within 3-4 months. Many people do not like the idea of buying insurance on the life of a child and hate to think of profiting from the prospect of death of a loved child. But generally succeed in setting up a $100,000 juvenile life insurance policy on a child who is less than 1 year old. The premium would be about $5 per month. I ask the parent to overfund the policy by paying $100 to $200 per month. In 5 years, by paying $10,000 or so, the policy is paid for life. The life insurance due to accumulated cash value may become worth $500,000 or even $1 million, by the time the child is 22 years old, has finished college, has a job, is planning to marry, and needs to buy life insur-ance, if premium payments are continued. The policy can be surrendered, and the cash value could be about $25,000 at age 18 of the child and can be used to pay for college tuition. The premi-um payment can be suspended for 4-6 years, until the child has a job, say around age 24-25 and he/she then can resume premium payment, increase the value of the policy, withdraw funds to buy a car, get down payment for buying a home or eventually turn it into a tax-free retirement plan for age 65 onwards and create huge financial legacy for heirs, charity and posterity. The premi-um paid at age 1 of the child remains same until age 121, There is never a medical exam, and any adverse medical conditions that may develop over the life of the child will never matter, as it is a continuous policy from age 1 to age 121, if one can manage it properly.

Savings Account: The Covedell Education Savings IRA, known as ESA, Education Savings Account, allows parents and others to put a maximum of $2000 per year per child. The funds are not tax deductible but grow tax-deferred and can be taken out tax-free, both principal and earnings. The account eventu-ally belongs to the child and the ownership is

transferred to the child at age 18. This plan is available in all States of the Union. The benefi-ciary on the account can be changed before the child turns 18 and the funds can be used for the expenses of the school, including private schools as well as for college. Amounts not used for educational purposes are penalized. The accu-mulation of $2000 a year to even age 18 will not generate enough funds to send a child to Har-vard, Yale, or Stanford. Hence more funds need to be invested for college education properly. College Plan: College Savings Plan(s) are also called 529 Plans (irc, internal revenue section 529) and vary from State to State. One can put $250,000 or more (in several installments) for each child into the plan to generate enough resources to take the child through 4 or more years of undergraduate and graduate school(s) at the finest of institutions. Some states provide limited tax advantages, if the parents keep the funds in their own state's 529 plan. Parents can, however, ignore this trap and put their funds in the best state's plan and with the best custodians. We are allowed to invest in the 529 of any of the 50 state of the union and use it in any state's school where the child goes to study. The funds are not tax-deductible, with certain exceptions, but grow tax-deferred and come out tax free if used for college education. Not using the funds for college funding will trigger penalty by IRS. The beneficiary on the plans can be changed by owners/parents. Final thought: Any of the 3 plans outlined above will destruct itself, if funding is not continued for a sufficient number of years. Hence parents need to have adequate life, disability and other insurance policies and enough savings, to cover the pay-ments. Many a times it is better to setup the 529 plan in the name of parents themselves, even if they do not plan or need to get continuing educa-tion, and eventually transfer funds for the benefit of children or others as and when the needs arise. This is a smart estate planning tool.

Dr. Arun Mishra, Financial Planning & Real Estate, Phone 770/232-7447, Email: misrausa@yahoo.com, Web: www.arunmisra.com

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An essay on a provincial milestone

!"#$%&'()*+''$,(-$'.(/'0(-*1'12.

Lalatendu Pahi

Orissa (Odisha), our land of ancestry on the eastern shore of India, has crossed another milestone on the April 1st, 2011. She is the most majestic at the age of seventy five years this year. In the early 1980s, some writers from the Utkala Prasanga* had fixation on the maritime ancient past of this provincial state. Orissa is laced with former royal principalities, known as Gadjats, which were passed on from generation to generation for time immemorial, i.e. Kalinga-Utkal-Orissa-Udisa, Odisha (suffixed with ver-naculars Rajya, Pradesh et al.) notwithstanding the real historic past. Some others contended that Odiya poets, playwrights, novelists and custodians of history spent too much time in a misty rain of nostalgia of the past centuries. Such nostalgia included memories of the seafaring Saudagars of Taapoi folklore fame, and the romance of a brave fighting people winning a fierce Kalinga battle in piety. A few audacious intellectuals insisted that serious Odiya writers of national eminence should highlight the age-old precarious contemporary socio-economic mala-dies so that the governmental insolence can be shaken up and industrial revolution could be augured. They vouched for much vaunted empty !"#$%&!' "()*' +,-#.!%&/' (&/.!01(*!' (&' 0-#.!%&/'/%2!34',-*'/(!5%"'6*&0*1'- state relationship and the geographical and regional disparities among different states created a frothy debate ensuing endemic unionized hartals and bazaar bandhs. In %'5#/*1&'7".1%"(!0(6'/*5#61%628'91(!!%:!'%&0%$o-nism towards a negligent, plundering and paro-chial federal/ union/ central government until now is significant. The argument ran - Orissa was one of the most backward states since British Raj since 1903** and the modern nation state had perpetuated the same policy of political subservi-ence and economic exploitation long after the celebrated freedom-at-midnight. As if the voice of a whole Odiya race had fallen on eternal deaf ears, perpetuating abject poverty, despair and excruciating nightmares.

Nearly three decades later, a different nostalgia lingers with us, not so much in our literature as in our overseas ordinary expatriate lives. It is

evident every time, be it a state-of-art aerodrome, mega billion steel plant, software technology park, or an acclaimed central university. Orissa is attributed by all pundits as one of the most resource rich provincial states inside the whole of Asia! Yet, politicians, ranging from the Union ministers from our state down to chief ministers, wrestle with resisting or writing laws to govern, and to convert it to one of the most urban and diverse states in the nation. Most nonresident Oriyas feel a strong pull for all the right causes; unflinching support and judicious action. Can we all NRI Oriyas be united in our pledge to maintain the bond with our home land and to imbibe the core values that are carefully calibrated*** to past, present and future scenarios, especially in our youth, which is admittedly a generational challenge?

What an Arduous Journey Indeed

In the year 1568, our beloved motherland Odisha lost her independence. The last independent Hindu king of Odisha, Mukunda Deva was killed by his feudatory Chiefs while engaged in a prolonged struggle with the Afghan rulers of Bengal. It was the last Hindu kingdoms of India to fall to the foreign invaders. During the times of Akbar, the territories of Odisha were apportioned into five Sarkars such as Jaleswar, Bhadrak, Cuttack, Kalinga Dandapat and Raj Mahendri. During 1765-66, the East India Company at-tacked from both ends of Odisha, southern part guarded by Madras Presidency and northern part guarded by Bengal Presidency. Only three districts Baleswar, Cuttack and Puri in coastal region and 18 Garjats in the hill tract fell to Bengal Presidency.

The incident that triggered Battle for Odisha :

The problem that agitated the minds of enlight-ened Odias for a long time was the union of Odia-speaking tracts into one administrative unit and then the formation of a separate province. It led to an organized movement - a sustained struggle for many years in a constitutional way to achieve the said objective. All protests were in

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38

vain, and by the end of 1895, Odia was abolished in the courts of Sambalpur. Such a decision naturally wounded the sentiments of the Odia-speaking people very much and efforts were made in all directions to reverse the step taken by the government.

Birth of a state named "Odisha" :

While respon!"#$% &'% &()% *"$(&)+,-% ./01/"$#2% 3"+4%H.G.Cooke, a British colonial, suggested to form a princely state of Odisha by combining four different pieces of landmarks

(a) Sambalpur district of the then Chhattisgarh Division of the British ruled Central Provinces,

(b) Tributary States of Patna, Sonepur, Rairakol, Bamra and Kalahandi and

(c) The whole or part of the Ganjam district with the States of Kimidi and Ghumsur

(d) Odia-speaking portions of the districts of Ganjam, Vizagapatam, Sambalpur, Chhota Nagpur and Midnapur

Utkala mani Sri. Madhusudan Das, who was a member of the Bengal Legislative Council by that time, informed Lord Curzon, the Governor General, that the people of Odisha fully support-ed the Memorial submitted to Sir Andrew Fraser, and it was their desire that the Odia-speaking territories should be placed under a Chief Com-missioner.

The crunching tigers of "Utkal Sammilani:"

Finally, the representatives of the Odia-speaking tracts of Madras, the Central Provinces and Bengal met in a conference at Cuttack on the 30th & the 31st of December, 1903. It was the historic gathering of 'Utkal Sammilani' which met amidst unprecedented enthusiasm and spear-headed the Odia Movement until the formation of a separate Province on 1st April, 1936.

A weapon called "State Anthem" :

Influenced by the movement named Utkal Sammilani (a federation of Odias), great poet Sri Laksmikanta Mohapatra, who was then young and energetic, composed Vande Utkal Janani (Glory to the Mother Utkal) and some other fiery

songs with a patriotic motive. Well known nation-al poet of Odisha, Banchhanidhi Mohanty, who was also a good singer, started singing Lak-smikanta's patriotic songs throughout Odisha and thus inspired everyone.

This song was used as a powerful weapon by the Utkal Sammilani to emancipate Odisha. It is learnt from history that when this song 'Vande Utkal Janani' was first sung at Utkal Sammilani Conference at Balasore in 1912, the song had its spell-bound effect on the audience and surprised many dignitaries in the dais, including Utkalmani Pandit Gopabandhu Das, who was presiding over the Session. Later Sri. Biju Patnaik and Sri Judhistir Dash, made it compulsory to sing this national song at the end of any Assembly Ses-sion.

!"#$%&"$'"()*++,-+"./01*+23+"4*&3),)5"mouthpiece issues, popular being Rath Yatra commemora-tive Issue. !

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! !"#$%&'#()"*+,! #%&-&'#*! .$/0%" Source:

Odiasahitya.com/Saptahika e-patra 3/2/2011

555% 67+8"-"#$% /9'#$% &()% :)-&)+:)/+% ./9)#!/+2%

Odisha witnessed yet another phase of industrial

rejuvenation and economic reformation. An

investment of 10 lakh crore INR was pumped into

the state under various projects and programs

that opened doors to 3 crore direct employments.

-Source: Newseum Odisha-2010-Nilachakra

Lalatendu Pahi lives in Houston, TX and is a regular contributor to the OSA journals.

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39

Literacy in Western Odisha

Gopa Bandhu Behera The Divine Life Society started an Ashram in 1985 at Jugsaipatna, 22kms from Bhawanipatna at the border of Karlapat sanctuary. It is the head-quarter of a Panchayat of 13 tribal villages. There was no school before the society started one but as the State Government started a UP school later, the original school of the society was discontinued. We noticed in 2000 that the Govt. school was dysfunctional. We decided to house 15 children of 13 villages on an experi-mental basis; provided them food, shelter, clothes, bed, medicine etc. and taught them every morning and afternoon. A Brahmachari came to us suo mot!"#$"%!&'(" )*+,-" +.&" /!!0"charge of them. He could communicate with them and the children gradually developed a faith. The number increased to 30 due to the demand of the local people. It was highly satisfy-ing to see the increased interest among the people. These children were trained in Yoga, Pranayam, chanting of hymns and singing Bhajans. Some of them appeared in the Na-vodaya school interview but could not succeed. The first batch has graduated class V and has gone to various Ashram schools. Encouraged by this we have taken another group of 15 children and have appointed a local matriculate to take care of them. This experience has led us to think of the following factors for low literacy among tribal men and women.

! Gender based inequality

! Social discrimination & economic exploitation

! Occupation of girl child in domestic chores

! Low enrolment of girls in schools

! Low retention rate and high dropout rate Solutions !"#$%&'()#*+,-$('.*#/%01 1. Language: The tribal children find difficulty in the difference between spoken and written language. Even the Kosali language is not properly followed by them. 2. Teachers: The children have to develop faith in the teachers. The teacher must be an ideal for them and help them not only in being literate but also in solving their personal problems. The teacher must be regular.

3. Interconnectedness: There must be a mech-anism to connect them with the culture, traditions etc. of the rest of our country through tours, electronic media. 4. Teaching in their environment: They mostly stay in forest areas which provide a wonderful environment for Nature studies. Besides they should be allowed to work while studying. Efficiency in their traditional work should be enhanced. 5. Faith: They must realize that education shall bring them happiness and pleasure; that t1-$'22"be able to manage themselves and cannot be cheated by others. This can be done through local examples. 6. Simplicity: Tribals are generally simple people. They have to feel the same quality in the teachers and visitors. Solutions for women,-$('.*#/%0:

! Create an environment where women demand knowledge and information, empowering them-selves to change their lives. Inculcate in them confidence that change is possible, if women work collectively.

! Most of the women can be seen in the markets carrying out business in vegetables. Some of them though illiterate can easily carry out simple arithmetic for their business. These women have to be told the importance of literacy in their business and marketing in very simple terms. They are increasingly becoming conscious of their children and many welfare schemes of the Govt. Their inquisitiveness has to be satisfied; then only their interest will grow. Spread the message that education of women is a pre-condition for fighting against their oppression.

! Highlight the plight of the girl-child and stress the need for universalization of elementary education as a way of addressing the issue. These goals can be achieved if this problem is attacked differently. Regional needs and hidden aspirations have to be catered. Some sugges-tions are given below. I feel that instead of introducing various new schemes, the existing primary or upper primary schools should be

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40

provided with the infrastructure to meet the challenge. The following steps could be taken: 1. Sufficient teachers appointed in the schools. 2. There should not be any compromise in the

quality of teachers appointed or their supervi-sion and monitoring.

3. The teachers should not be engaged in frivolous work. The retired teachers can be engaged for these purposes like BPL/APL enumeration, electoral role preparation etc. Greater priority should be given to education.

4. The infrastructure and the environment of the school should improve.

5. Corruption should completely be done away with.

What can the students learn, when the teachers do not go to the school, or when the teachers are incompetent and uninterested in teaching, when mid-day meals are of low standard and the village education committee is only interested in making money. Therefore, although the econo-my of the country advances, the human quality decreases day-by-day. The following is a portion of my research com-piled over several years on literacy and its relevance at various levels: world, country, state and region. It is mainly based on the 2001 national census report but is still valid today. The data from the recent 2011 census has also been presented as comparison.

********************************************************************************************************************Literacy and UNESCO: Education is the bedrock of all social develop-ment. It is the basis of the literacy movement, on which UNESCO has built its Priority program to provide education for all, for life. Literacy is the catalyst for active participation in social, cultural, political and economic activities and for learning !"#$%&"$%!'()*+,'-./01234''!5)6'*$7%4')48' 1. To train the teachers who are central to the

education system 2. To improve education's quality and relevance. A literate person as defined by UNESCO is one who can read, write and understand a simple statement relevant to his everyday life. Literacy does not mean simply reading a set of associat-ed symbols and sounds; it also imparts the skill $*'7#)!)79('%6:+#4!96:)6&'$*'$6+34'4)!%9!)$6' )6'!"+'world. Literacy is a means of personal liberation 96:' :+;+($<=+6!>' )!' +?!+6:4' !"+' )6:);):%9(34'efforts in response to concrete problems. Literacy Scenario in India: The Department of Human Resource Develop-ment, Govt. of India published a booklet that opens with the words:

!"#$%&'()*+*,%-.%)'(/0 So that I can read my own destiny.

"#$%&'()*+*,%1.2%-.%2)+-'0 So that I can write my own destiny

"#$%&'()*+*,%1.2%-.%3.4*-0 So that I can keep an (33.4*-%.5%$6%)+,1-789

There has always been widespread concern with the quality of education provided in our schools. The government, educationists and millions of ordinary citizens have engaged in a process of reflection and reassessment. The National Policy of Education (NPE), 1986 emphasizes the need for all children to achieve minimum levels of learning (MLL). NPE aimed to combine quality with equity because of three basic concerns: 1. Excessively heavy curriculum at primary

school level. 2. Low quality of learning at primary school

level. 3. Need for equity. UNESCO, International Literacy Institute (Uni-versity of PA, USA) and the National Literacy Mission of India organized a major literacy meeting, the second Asian Regional Literacy Forum in February 1998, in New Delhi to consid-er innovations and professionalization. The forum reviewed literacy problems within the complex diversity of Asia's pluralistic society and rejected the "one-size-fits-all approach" for illiteracy eradication and addressed the new demands on literacy skills. Literacy, linguistics and ethnic and cultural diversity in Asia and the technology and technological innovations were among the many issues discussed. Eradication of illiteracy from a nation on its way to become the most populated in the world is, by no means, easy. This problem was realized in India in the eighties and the National Literacy Mission (NLM) came into being, to impart a

!"##$%&'$()*+,-.$

41

sense of urgency and seriousness to adult education. NLM defines literacy as: 1. Acquiring skills of reading, writing and arith-

metic. 2. !"#$#%&'%(')**$&'%+,-'#.'(.,/0'1)&-to-day life. Ernakulum district became 100% literate in 1993. In one year 85,000 illiterate people were taught to read, write, add, subtract, multiply and divide. We had set foot into the new millennium; it gave us the opportunity to reflect upon our efforts and also to learn from our failures, so that we could achieve our target of a sustainable, threshold of literacy. It was time to assess ongoing programs and seek new horizons. In this context the Union Cabinet took some momentous decisions in its meeting on 30th November, 1999. These deci-sions, which had far-reaching consequences, have greatly strengthened the mission and given it a new orientation as well as a resurgent spirit. Over the years, UNESCO has been collaborating with the NLM in the celebration of International Literacy Day on September 8 and in sponsoring publications on education and literacy. Thus the goals of the NLM go beyond the simple achievement of self-reliance in literacy and numeracy of functional literacy. The achievement of functional literacy implies: ! Self-reliance in 3 R's (Reading, wRiting and

aRithmatic), ! Awareness of the causes of deprivation and

movement towards the amelioration of the *,(*$,/0' 2(.1#%#(.' %+3(45+' *)3%#2#*)%#(.' #.' %+,'process of development,

! Acquisition of skills to improve their economic status and general well-being,

! Assimilation of the values of national integra-tion, environmental conservation and gender equality and family planning etc.

The acquisition of functional literacy results in empowerment and a definite improvement in the quality of life. It helps to ensure the participation of the masses in sharing the benefits of the information era. Literacy Scenario in Odisha: Literacy in India has made remarkable strides since independence. This has been further confirmed by the results of the Census 2001. Literacy increased from 18.33% in 1951 to

64.84% in 2001. This is despite the fact that during the previous five decades there was exponential growth of the population. It was noticed that the change in literacy rate/decade (delta M or F) is decreasing since eighties for male but is constant for female literacy rate. Analysis of data comparing literacy rates in different states in India brings to light the follow-ing key facts: (a) The male-female literacy gap reduced from 24.84% in 1991 to 21.59% in 2001. (b) Mizoram has the smallest gap (3.97%) followed by Kerala (6.52%) and Meghalaya (5.82%). (c) All States and Union Territories without exception showed increase in literacy rates during 1991-2001. In all the States and Union Territories the male literacy rate except Bihar (59.68%) is now over 60%. For the first time since independence there was a decline in the absolute number of illiterates during the decade. In the previous decades, there had been a continuous increase in the number of illiterates, despite the increase in the literacy rates, but now for the first time the total number of illiterates was down by 24.77 million. On the basis of literacy rate, State/UTs can be grouped as under:

! High Literacy Rate (80% and above) ! Kerala (90.86%), Mizoram (88.80%), Lakshadweep (86.66%), Goa (82.01%), Chandigarh (81.94%), Delhi (81.67%), A & N Islands (81.30%) and Pondicherry (81.24%).

! Literacy Rate above national average (64.8%) and below 80% - Daman & Diu (78.18%), Maharashtra (76.88%), Himachal Pradesh (76.48%), Tamil Nadu (73.45%), Tripura (73.19%), Uttaranchal (71.62%), Manipur (70.53%), Punjab (69.65%), Gujarat (69.14%), Sikkim (68.81%), West Bengal (68.64%), Harya-na (67.91%), Karnataka (66.64%) and Nagaland (66.59%). ! Literacy Rate below national average (64.8%) 6 Chhattisgarh (64.66%), Madhya Pradesh (63.74%), Assam (63.25%), Odisha (63.08%), Meghalaya (62.56%), Andhra Pradesh (60.47%), Rajasthan (60.41%), Dadra & Nagar Haveli (57.63%), Uttar Pradesh (56.27%), Jammu & Kashmir (55.52%), Arunachal Pradesh (54.34%), Jharkhand (53.56%) and Bihar (47.00%).

!"##$%&'$()*+,-.$

42

Odisha was reported to be below the national average in its literacy rate.

Literacy rate is one of the important indicators for determining the living condition of the people. A study finds that the impact of rural literacy rate on the percentage of rural families living below the poverty line is significant. So, to reduce poverty, education can be a powerful instrument. But the literacy rate in Odisha is found not to be satisfactory. As per 2001 census, the literacy rate of Odisha was 63.61 per cent as against 65.38 per cent at all India level. In 2011 census the population growth in Odisha is 13.97%. The male: female ratio = 978: 972. The literacy ratio 2011:2001=73.45:63.08, male 2011:2001= 82.40:75.35 and female=64.36:50.51. The literacy ratio of female to male is 0.78 in 2011. It has considerably increased. Western Odisha scenario: The literacy scenario in Western Odisha (area as defined by Western Odisha Development Council) as compared to the eastern part of the state is frustrating, leading to the concept of regional imbalance. As a metric of comparison between the Western Region (WR) and Eastern Region (ER), ratio of literates over total popula-tion is used for both males and females. Analysis: (With reference to the Table and acronyms provided) Literacy: ML / TMP Western & Southern Regions: ~ 0.49 to 0.68

Eastern Region (Cuttack, Puri, Baleswar, Dhenkanal, Khurda, Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara): ~ 0.70 to 0.77

Female Literacy: FL / TFP Western Region: ~ 0.22 to o.48 Eastern Region: ~ 0.50 to 0.6 Literacy ratio: F/M

> 1.0 for least literate districts (Nuapada, Kala-handi) < 1.0 for all other districts of Western and Eastern Regions

Conclusion: 1. The gaps between Western, Eastern and

Southern Regions are easily visible. 2. In the Western Region: Male Literacy:

Nuapada < Kalahandi << Deogarh Female Literacy: Nuapada < KLD << Boudh References: Besides probing the internet, the following documents were referred to:

! !"#$%&'()*+,)-+&../+0112+-The Dept. of Edu. HRD, Govt. of India.

! 2001, 2011 Census reports

! Districts at a glance, Directorate of econom-ics and statistics, Govt. of Odisha-2009.

!"#$%"&$' (' )' (*$(+')*$)+' ,')'*'(-'./0'

1234235' !!"#$%&"'$ &"(!$ &"##$ &")*$

16728493' !+"!$')"%$ &"(+$ &"'#$ &")*$

16:;5' !(",$')"&$ &"(%$ &"''$ +"&+$

!<64235' !'"'$#!",$ &"(,$ &"#&$ &")*$

=272528;9' (,"!$,)"'$ &"%,$ &",#$ +"&&$

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#:?23820:3' !*")$%%",$ &"(*$ &"#&$ &")($

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@:202;2' %*"%$,%"*$ &"#)$ &",,$ +"&&$

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&:..2CD' *%"*$((")$ &"!%$ &"%)$ &")#$

+:39' **"+$(!"($ &"!!$ &"%)$ &")!$

127<BE23' *+"!$%*")$ &"!&$ &"%&$ &")($

!5<8D2827' *&"($%!")$ &"()$ &"%&$ &")($

=5:3;2' *!")$!&"#$ &"!!$ &"(,$ &")($

A242.B98450:3'**"%$()"'$ &"!*$ &"(+$ &")($

=<8;3202;2' *!"+$(("*$ &"!%$ &"%*$ +"&+$

F28G2>' !%",$#("#$ &"(#$ &"#&$ +"&$

=6320:.' #!",$,#"'$ &"#&$ &",&$ +"&$

M-Male literacy, F-Female literacy, TFP- Total Female population, TMP!Total Male population.

Prof. Gopa Bandhu Behera lives with his wife Subhasini in Bhawanipatna, after his retirement from Sambalpur University in 1999. Since 1999, he has been actively involved in improving the education standards of Kalahandi and Western Odisha in general.

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Gagan Panigrahi lives in Toronto with his wife Sabita and two children, Soman and Ineka. He has interest in writing poems, paintings and acting in drama .

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Biswajit Mishra, an accountant by profession, lives in Mississauga, Canada with his wife Bharati, daughter Sukanya and son Devidutta. His interests are community volunteering, cooking, reading and listening to music. He is the current chairperson of the Orissa Society of Canada.

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Surya Nayak, writes both in English & Oriya. He has written 11 books in poetry, and has published several Oriya songs in form of CDs and audio cassettes. He regularly contributes to OSA Journals. He lives in Maryland with his wife Sujata.

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Providing Primary Health care in East T exas since 2000

DURB A M ISH R A , M D , M I H IR D AS, M D , K A L Y A N K . R A T H , M D

JASPE R -409-384-9200 N E W T O N-409-379-2177

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!!Parasara Mishra lives in Toronto, Canada with his wife Rekha and daughter Lipi. He has been actively involved with the oDiA community in Canada and his passion lies in writing oDiA poems, stories and dramas. His e-mail address is parasara1@yahoo.ca

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Dr. Damodar Satpathy is a retired professor. He lives in Bhubaneswar. We received this beautiful article

from him when he visited his son Dr. Satyajit Satpathy & family at Coppell, TX.

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Aarushi Nayak. She is a 3rd grader who lives with her parents Siddhartha & Anuran-jita Nayak, in Gainesville, F lorida. She likes to paint, sketch, read fiction, swim

and dance. Her favorite place is the Taj Mahal in India and her favorite !""#$%&$'(")$(*++,&-.$

!This story has been selected for the 1st place for 2011 Meghna Memorial Award, junior category.

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103

Bholi uncle by Shruti Sahu.

!"#$% &#'('% )*% +,-% #$% #.% ").),% )*% /",0-#1$%village guide by same name, who showed her around the village of Barunia, Orissa during her trip to India last summer. Shruti is a 4th grader in Delaney Elementary School. She lives with her parents Satya and Smita Sahu and older sister Shweta in Kennedale, TX.

!

Tulip fiesta! by Shreya Tripathy

Shreya Tripathy is in the 3rd grade and lives with her parents Gatikrishna and Lali Tripathy along with her two little brothers, Rishabh and Ayush in Herndon, VA. She loves to write stories and paint still life as well as telling jokes, and dancing.

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Mother !

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Sanjana Senapati is a 6th grader in Meigs Middle Magnet School in Nashville, TN. She lives with her parents Manoj and Smrity Senapati and a younger sister Ritika. Her hobbies include multiple sports, writing/drawing, and playing the Clarinet. She also enjoys reading different kinds of books. Her favorite subjects in school are Math and Computers.

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The story of Durga !

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My California trip!! ! !

By Devarun Dass

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Dev is the eldest son of Arunima & Raghu Dass of Houston. He is a 5th at Harmony School of Discovery. He likes outdoor games and eating good food.

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!This essay has been selected for the 3rd

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Saswat Pati is 9 yr. old and a 4th !"#$%"&#'&(')&*+,-./&(0,++1. He lives in Houston, Texas with his parents, Dr. Debananda Pati and Dr. Arati Pati. He loves poetry, sports, reading, and legos.

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!The mighty Oak!!

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112

What seems like the world ! !

By Sweta Pratyasha Sahu !

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Shweta P. Sahu is a rising junior at the Trinity Valley School. She is the eldest daughter of Satya and Smita Sahu of Kennedale, TX. She enjoys Indian food, sweets, clothing, and dance. She loves to draw, write, and read. Her favorite activities include fishing, volleyball, and spending time with friends and family. !

!This story has been selected for the 1st place for 2011 Meghna Memorial Award, senior category.

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!This essay has been selected for the 2nd

place for 2011 Meghna Memorial Award, senior category.

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118

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120

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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

The characters in this story are fictional, but the facts stated in it are all true. When colonists went to California in hopes of gold and prosperity during the Era of Manifest Destiny, many struck rich. When word came out, hundreds of thousands of colonists traveled west. Travel-ing west had its obstacles. You could die from thirst, or while crossing the river, or many diseases, like cholera. The California Gold Rush was a golden opportunity (pun intended) for many, but after a while, disaster struck. From searching in the rivers so much, gold supply depleted, day by day, and soon, there was no more gold. Some stayed, thinking that gold was yet to be found, but most fled back to their homeland, where they were pelted with poverty again. Some gave up, and committed suicide, like Michael. The Gold Rush was a !"#$%&'(('"%)*+%,-&.)%& +%& /$+0#12&3)%& %4$%56&$00& "+!4%-&.#7$)6#&6'8#%+8#6-& +%56&'9$,& %'& /$+02&:')&just have to know get back up. I think that the Gold Rush teache6&)6&$00&$&0#66'*2&;/&,')&1'*5%&succeed, try, try, again.

By Malina Maharana, 8th grader Houston, Texas

!"##$%&'$()*+,-.$

121

If life were an apple pie

By Devidutta Biswabharati

If life were an apple pie, what a great apple pie it would be!

It would be round and fluffy and tasty you see.

Though the crust may be difficult to chew,

!"#$%&'())$*+"#$,$-,#$,..)/$&0$12&3

Life can be harsh sometimes,

As sour as a bucket-full of limes.

!1$&14/0$1+5/6$%&'())$*//)$%&'$7&')#$*)%8

Like those birds that go ever so high.

And %&'())$"//#$1&$2&09$4,0#$*&0$6'77/668

:0$/)6/$%&'())$-/$+"$,$-+;$5/663

If life were an apple pie, what a great apple pie it would be!

It would be round and fluffy and tasty you see.

Though the crust may be difficult to chew,

!"#$%&'())$*+"#$,$-,#$,..)/$&r two.

Learn to shoot for the star,

</18$14,"9$)+*/$*&0$24,1$%&'(=/$4,#$6&$*,03

Thinking big may be a good thing to do,

>'1$65,))$14+";6$7,"$5,11/0$,6$5'74$?())$1/))$%&'3

Life has bumps, so hold on tight.

It can be fun, if you play it right.

If life were an apple pie, what a great apple pie it would be!

It would be round and fluffy and tasty you see.

Though the crust may be difficult to chew,

!"#$%&'())$*+"#$,$-,#$,..)/$&0$12&3

Devidutta is a 7th grader at Greenbriar School. He lives with his parents Biswajit and Bharati Mishra and elder sister Sukanya in Mississauga, Canada. He likes skateboarding, sports and Tae-Kwon-Do besides writing poetry and short stories, some of which have been published in the e-magazine Dura-drusti.

!"##$%&'$()*+,-.$

122

A N A T I O N DI V ID E D

By A kshar Dash

This article has been selected as winner for the F M HS (F lower Mound H igh School) PT A Reflec-!"#$%&#$!'(!)%*+#,'!-'.%/'%&0$12

Ten years after the terrifying terrorist attacks that jeopardized the lives of hundreds of Ameri-

cans; our nation is at a religious turmoil yet again. Hostility between Muslims and Christians has

suddenly become an immediate reality. Often, I skim over articles over the concept of recuperation

after the attack!"#$%&'#()*!+,-&!#.#/%0*#1*2*&+3'#/*%14#%5%,&#%&4#%5%,&#,&0-30*#6.!3%7%8/-9,%:;#-1#+/*#

<*%1#-<#$)!3,7!#%!#%#=/-3*;#2-,&2,4*&+#51-)8#+/%+#4*+*!+#>7*1,2%&!"#.&*0,+%93';#+/*#=-14#6.!3%7%8/o-

9,%:#4-*!#&-+#*?,!+#9*2%)!*#!8*33-check vehemently opposes its existence.

.1-&,2%33';# +/,!# <*%1# %&4# /-!+,3,+'# !/-=&# +-=%14!#$)!3,7!#)&4*17,&*#-)1#&%+,-&@!#81-7,!*# +-#

allow one to practice his or her religion freely. Since our childhood days in elementary school, my

generation quickly learned that America is one of the most accepting nations when it comes to reli-

gious freedom. (After all, was it not the pilgrims, who, in attempt to escape religious persecution sailed

to the Americas?) Furthermore, people often ask me about my religious beliefs and I lay out Hinduism

with its many gods, incarnations, and engaging tales to them. Why then, I often wonder, do people

show such repugnance in the land of the free and the home of the brave?

There is not, and never will be, a definite answer to this haunting question. Unfortunately, our

nation will be burdened with social injustices just as a rock will always be burdened with the idea that

it cannot change into a boulder no matter how hard it tries and how hard it works. However, if we, as

Americans, change our negative mindset towards Muslims, we could fundamentally spark new ideas

and new innovations which could eventually result in a new world.

Furthermore, if radicals in our country learn to accept people for who they are, we can assidu-

ously spend time trying to solve other global problems such as poverty and crime. These adversities

have been plaguing our world for generations; yet, we unduly squander time fighting over the exist-

ence of Jesus, Muhammad, and Shiva. If, for one second, people could imagine what a beautiful place

the world would be without poverty and social injustices, then they would never go back to even

thinking about religious hatred. In a world without poverty, crimes, or injustices, the topic of religious

freedom would sort itself out.

Unfortunately, this utopia might never exist in my lifetime, and in fact, more than likely will

not exist for generations to come. However, everything in the world, whether the tiniest sapling or the

largest tree, grows one step at a time. In order to hammer in the mentality;# 6A-5*+/*1# =*# 2%&# 4-#

%&'+/,&5#=*#!*+#-)1#7,&4!#+-:;#=*#&**4#+-#!81*%4#-)1#*&+/)!,%!7#+-#%!#7%&'#8*-83*#%!#=*#2%&"#B&3'#

then can we make people believe that our society can be free from its adversities, burdens, and negli-

gence.

Akshar is a 10th grader at F lower Mound High School. His parents are Ranjan Dash and Asita Satpathy. He enjoys drawing, painting, and writing. His hobbies include collecting coins, money, and stamps. His favorite subjects are Math and Science and he hopes to become a doctor one day.

!"##$%&'$()*+,-.$

123

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128

Jump for joy, but watch your step

By A lex Amar Pani

I looked her straight in the eyes

Waiting for her gaze to sooth my lies

Tales I delicately craft as a part of a mask

And yet in their creation lies a truly ultimate task

A purging of dark cloudy doubt and ignition of fiery

will

To tell myself that I yearn to always love, never to kill

But how can I say such a thing, such an untamed lie

Knowing that within my love I am left with nothing to

do but cry

Selfishly weeping over the idea of compromise

Fearing, perhaps accepting, that I have, I am but

despise

Not for her sweet sincere seemingly strawberry-hinted

lips

Or for the closure she embodies, a care-induced

touching of tips

Because that simply makes no sense, a hatred for the

amazing

No, what indeed has my thoughts hiding, and my heart

lost

Is the separation between the real and ideal?

That I so helplessly try to unify, to rectify, to seal

In convincing myself that this chaotic state is a mere-

side effect

Of what could very well be an intricately intimate

romantic desire?

I am constantly left to question a wildly soothing yet

just as easily scarring fire

Through which I have a choice: to dance, frolic, and

smile

Or to endure, suffer, conquer, and reign

The options seem endless, to let the mind govern the

heart

Or to let the heart guide the mind?

!"#$%&'()$%*(+,-(./012(0'(3#"%*012(*$"(1"".(*/(

question

A most toxic doing, for even I have forgotten where

this outpouring started

Surely I should blame myself, wallowing over my

trials, tribulations, troubles

Leaving this incredible other behind as I bounce

between abstractly concrete thought bubbles

What I have hereby rendered necessary and alarmingly

pleasant in its delivery

Is not necessarily what it seems, it may very well be,

but know that is your interpretation?

Your individual and respective perceptions, emotions,

means of reason, and gut feelings,

4$%*(%55/)'(*$0'(&/"-6(07(*$%*,'()$%*(0*(-8'*(9"6(*/(9"(

of my making

And of your very own special, unique taking

All of this obviously confusing yet persistently

senseful talk is, sadly, of finite origins

For though the heart would say the imagination seems,

feels, practically is endless

The mind, and the brain chained to it, speaks in only

the binary, starting at 0, ending inescapably at 1

This all having finally been put forth, given this

journey that I, and hopefully you too, have taken

+,:"(2%#1"#".(%1(/..('"1'"(/7(&#"&%#%*0/1(7/#(*hat to

which I am forsaken

That my anger fueled by what is lost is but what I

perceive as mercilessly taken

;$03$(0'1,*(#"%'/16("-/*0/16(%(3/-&8*%*0/1%5(-/."(/7(

cognition with remarkably complex neural substrates,

a synesthetic ability to repeatedly conjure up beauty in

its most, and least, visible form, or, to my surprisingly

greatest satisfaction-- her,

This thing, this unsolvable puzzle, this beautiful

%10-%56(*$"(35/'"'*(*$012(+,:"(":"#(9""16(%1.(-%<9"(

ever will be, to a simple truth, the simple truth.

I want to believe she is the answer, and that I really am

a perpetually begging question finally satisfied,

But let it be known, it must be said, possibly the

harshest manner of alleviation

That such a truth was never possible

Because her effect is bound within her existence

A creation of my collective selves, and what each

wills to feel,

Despite so much wonder at my very disposal, I can

only wish she were real

!"##$%&'$()*+,-.$

129

Unfortunate, yes indeed it still seems, but when considering where and how I am, my reciprocated view of being

One is peacefully alone, thinly sharp, And gratefully lost.

Mr. Alex Amar Pani Emory University, Atlanta

!"#$%&'(!"#$%&'(!"#$%&'(!"#$%&'(!

Faith

By A rpita Mohanty

I have always been skeptical about religion, which always struck me as something that only caused conflict in the world and never fostered peace. I often look at the religious extremists and wonder why people can put so much trust in the words of a so-!"##$%& '()#*& +)),-.& /0& 0)),&1$& "&trip to India to understand that religion 23450& "##&that terrible. Rather it allows a person to put faith in something that is ever-present. This faith is something that is ineffable. India is one of my favorite places to be; the smell of the earth and the dust on my skin is something that I will never tire of. It is my second home and one that I will always cherish. I recognize that India is a developing country and is slowly rising in the ranks, but the number of people living off of $3 a day or less is appalling! I wonder how these people survive and how they have the courage to fight everyday. Once I asked one of 0($& 3$67"403& 24& 1*& 1)0($653& ()1$8& 9"62& :";328&

how she was able to stay positive and happy in the light of her monetary struggles. She replied, 'Bhagaban ra daya re mu bancheebi!"# My life is in God53&("4%38&<$&=2##&,$$>&1$&3"?$- India is a land of spirituality, a place known for its beautiful temples and gurus. Though there are multiple religious practices throughout India, Hinduism is by far the most prevalent. The temples line the street; the colors and aura around them are bright and warm. The temples around my 1)0($653& ();3$& 24 Sambalpur are to me, by far the most beautiful because they are so famil-

iar to me. My memory of going to these temples allows me to appreciate the Hindu religion, though I am not sure myself what religion, if any, I will choose to identify with. One of my favorite temples, though farther than the others, would be in Puri, one of the most sacred cities for Hindus who flock there in large numbers. Puri is a beautiful city, bordered on the east by the Bay of Bengal. Every time we go to Odissa we visit the Jagannath temple at Puri. I am in complete awe every time I step inside the temple with the sea of people pushing me closer to Lord Jagannath. His eyes pull me in and the pushing becomes a shadow and everything moves in a slow motion. It is always my mother53&voice yelling my name that shakes me back to reality and I grip her arm tighter. We fight our way through the thick crowd of people. This experience did not instill the Hindu religion in me, rather it gave me an understanding of why religion can be so important to people. Religion gives people faith and that faith allows people to continue to live. Yes, I realize that religion can cause a divide among people but we must keep in mind that religion has another dimension to it, its role in peacemaking, which is the one that has been usually neglected. Most people are fighting for the same things: the desire for happiness in this cruel world. Some look to religion as a means to achieve it. We must remember that this aspect of humanity, fight to survive, unites us all.

Arpita Mohanty is the daughter of Dillip and Rita Mohanty of Mt. Pleasant, MI. She is currently a sophomore at the University of Michigan.

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!!!!!!!Love is complicated!!!!!!!!!!!

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

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"#$%&'(')(*+,(-%#.+*,"(/0(1%",)+(2(3'.4%$'(5%)(/0(5%4*/$6(!57(8+,(')()*#-4'$.(3'/&/.4(

2(!%*+,9%*':)(%*(!:;'&&(<$'=,")'*46(%$-(>'&&(?,()*%"*'$.(+,"(),:/$-(4,%"(*+')(0%&&7(

FFAACCTTSS!!

FFAABBLLEESS!!

FFEEEELLIINNGGSS!!

The difference between the right word and the almost right word

is the difference between lightning and a lightning bug.

~ Mark Twain

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Two poems for my twin grandsons

Sitakanta Mohapatra

!!The Amateur Artists "

A green leaf had fallen from the tree

even as yellow ones trembled up there in the breeze.

Picking it up I placed it

on your table; next morning patches

of turmeric yellow appeared on its body

a charming cocktail of green and yellow.

A day later the green disappeared it was all stark yellow. In disbelief, you asked

!"#$%&'$()*+)*,),-.)+$/.)0.$123

Yet another day tiny dots of grey were all over the yellow;

slowly darkening they extended the realm of

happy with the feast of yellow.

Both of you sketched the leaf painted its changing life

with colour crayons with devotion and care.

Strange that grandpa, who had brought it in now threw it outside.

The coloured paintings remain

on your sketch book.

"..!

!!The Pumpkin Planters "

Both of you insisted

you would plant pumpkin seeds; you had collected a few

and learnt the technique of planting.

A persistent drizzle 4$/$5+ fatwa that it was not

a job for five year kids nothing could negative

the steely resolve.

Seeds were planted &..')*%),-.)+6*05+)76/8

watered and plastered over by tiny palms; we were sure

poor seeds had a decent burial.

But lo and behold, one fine morning a miracle happened

two buds peeped out of the burial ground looking for the planters who

came running stars shining in their eyes;

followed a conversation with the newborn in a language unknown to us, poor mortals.

Days passed

the hapless plants were unaware of your departure for a distant land;

and they seemed to miss both of you. Poor things, tied to the soil

they could not scan the distance.

Morose they crawled on the grass inch by silent inch

looking for the planters as they gave birth to

a few lovely golden flowers, and in turn,

two green pumpkins were born.

Days passed the plants

withered and died.

"..!

Mr. Sitakanta Mohapatra is a much published notable poet and writer in English and Oriya as well as a retired IAS officer. He has been hon-ored with many awards including the Sahitya Akademy, the Jnanpith and the Padma Bhusan.

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The unevenness of History

Aparna Mohanty

And along with this I refuse with all humility the alluring invitation to live on in the golden page of history. !"#$%"$&'$()$*(+%"#,-+$./0' means involvement in envy, reproof, coercion, rape, conspiracy and intrigue, and with murder; to go along too with the subterfuge of truth, to say farewell to beauty and make a pact with evil. To stay in the pages of history is to surrender to the many base practices born out of high ambition. That is why perhaps no one has ever written the history of flowers. And so the tender leaf smiling at the breeze after a storm, or the moon and the water lily kissing each other deep in the lucent water never care for the attractions of history. Who has been able to tether the fall of the rain or the flight of the bird to history? Even though very rarely an immortal tale of love, having ridiculed history, is spread and carried from person to person long after the lovers have vanished from public memory.

History is written by self-appointed charlatans in exaggerated words 1#"2$%*'$*'/#%-+$3)%(2'4,$5'/%* in piled up blood. If, somewhere, a fresh, blissful mind is wandering around, let it ramble on, for what use is it to decorate the enchanting museum of history with the early death of a short-lived butterfly?

Translated from Odia by Jayanta Mahapatra

A handful of rice

Rajendra Kishore Panda Only a handful of grains (+$%*'$*/#6'+%-+$,('457$ The whole world hungers for it. 8*/%$(+$")'-+$+*/#'9 how much to be cooked, how much to be given in alms! Then, from where will come the seeds for Akshaya-tritiya : the day of sowing? Barn, harvest yard, field, oxen, sickle, ploughshare, mouth, hand, stomach, navel, mind, consciousness, light, water, wind, sky the god, and, above all, the soil : whomever you ask about it, all of them keep mum. Only a handful of rice (+$%*'$*/#6'+%-+$,('457 Once the chaff is culled the rest is just sop for the sacrificial lamb.

Translated from Odia by Rabindra K Swain

.

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Becoming a Bohu

Anna Mishra As a Korean-American growing up in northern Idaho, I had no ties to India. None of my class-mates, teachers, or family friends were Indian; there was not even an Indian restaurant in my !"#$% &"'()% % *% +",-.(/&% !01$% 2#032($.% &!0&% *%would one day marry an Indian-American man and eventually spend a month in 2011 visiting his home state of Orissa. My husband Swaroop has a strong sense of his heritage and speaks of his culture and back-ground with fondness and pride. I think this is why he was so eager to bring me to his hometown in Orissa- Sambalpur; he wanted me to meet the people who had raised or grown up with his parents, the people who had, directly or indirectly, helped to shape his values and beliefs. I would see glimpses of the boy Swaroop and see for myself his origins, his roots. As a recent 452.$6% 07% &!$% ($'% 84"!,9% "5% .0,3!&$5-in-law, I would gain a richer sense of the family and culture into which I had married. My first view of India came in a car ride through the busy streets of Mumbai. There seemed to be people everywhere: some in taxis, some in cars, some in auto-rickshaws, some in buses, some hanging off of buses. There were people crossing the street, in the street, sleeping on the street. People were walking, standing, selling their wares. Vehicles on two wheels and four wheels were honking, swerving, using road lanes and traffic signs as suggestions only. (To be fair, Swaroop had tried to prepare me for this : with a ;",<,4$% 12.$"% &2&-$.% 8=5"772(3% &!$% >&5$$&% 2(%?,#402)9%%>"#$!"'6%2&%@,7&%'07(/&%&!$%70#$)A%%*&%was all a little overwhelming to a girl from Idaho. The next morning, we continued our journey to Orissa. I carefully prepared myself : I put on salwar kameez, tika, earrings, necklace, anklets, and toe rings. I placed bangles up and down my forearms. I wanted to look the part, to make a good first impression as a daughter-in-law and as a foreigner. When Swaroop and I arrived at !27%0,(&/7%!",7e in Sambalpur, several relatives greeted us. The aunties laughed good-naturedly

at the sheer number of bangles I had on : good intentions aside, maybe it was a bit of overkill. While our day-to-day agenda varied somewhat, there were two people we tried to see every day: >'05""B/7% 350(.#"&!$57)% % <!$C% &"-.% ,7% 7&"52$7%about hearing Gandhi speak on a riverbank, about cows wandering in the front door and giving everyone a startle, about how difficult a phone call between India and the States was in &!$%DEF7)% They asked us about our lives back in the States: What did we wear? What did we eat? How could we consider it a proper meal without rice and daali? In their pale sarees, they were a hub of information and respect. While neither grandmother ventured out of the home much anymore, they maintained a keen interest in the doings and well-being of those around them. To them, no matter what our ages were, we were children come home after a long absence. >'05""B/7% 350(.#"&!$57% G0(.% 7"%#0(C% "&!$57A%took a particular interest in our daily diet. No matter where we went, we were sure to be fed beyond reason : a genuine treat, since I was able to sample many new foods and flavors. H!$(% '$% '$5$(/&% $0&2(36% '$% '$5$% $IB$+&$.% &"%give an accurate recital of what we had eaten that day : 2&/7% ("% '"(.$5% *% -$05($.%#"5$%J52C0%words associated with food and eating than any other subject. Clearly in Orissa, as in so many cultures and families, food is the language of love and well-being. To feed someone is to give them caring and sustenance. The spectrum of what is possible in India is breathtaking. The ever-present crowds of people create a vibrancy and energy that can feel both exhausting and alive. In Orissa I saw farmers on foot, laboriously driving oxen to plow their fields in the same fashion I imagine was used hundreds of years ago, and I found it difficult to juxtapose those images with the ultra-modern skyline in Mumbai. Of course, I found &!$% 0++,#,-0&2"(% "K% 305403$% 2(% *(.20/7% 7&5$$&7%and rivers to be unfamiliar and unsettling. By the time I came back to America, I actually felt things seemed a bit antiseptic : '!2-$% *%.2.(/&%#277% &!$%

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135

garbage, I had become accustomed to the hustle and bustle and noise. By traveling to India with me, Swaroop wanted me to see myself as part of the family I had only heard about, and the relatives I met certainly embraced me into their homes and lives. At first, I think my gratitude embarrassed them at times ! I was family now, and the kind of gratitude I was used to giving was, in India, reserved for the kindness given by strangers. I met many rela-tives: mamas, mausis, mausas, kakas, kakis, "#"$%&' (#))"%&' *#*+%&' *#$"%,-.)' "+*/)0' 12'relatives and the interconnected relationships quite overwhelmed me, although everyone else seemed to find it quite easy to rattle off a verbal family tree. I realized that I was now a part of that daunting family tree. In Sambalpur, it is common for relatives to live in houses right next to each other, to drop by unannounced for a morning or evening chat. I .#3' ")4)0' )56)0$)"7)3' -.#-' /)210)&' /+-' -.)0)8%'something I found comforting in that kind of familiarity. The bigger a family is, the more personalities and relationship dynamics there are to juggle, but there is also a bigger support system, a community formed from duty, hierar-chy, caring, and a shared sense of responsibility. These were the people who had taught 9:#01168%'6#0)"-%'! and later Swaroop himself ! the meaning and importance of family. When I met Swaroop, he told me he had been 0#$%)3'-1'/);$)4)'-.#-'6)16;)'31"8-'()-'*#00$)3& families get married. To me, this idea had seemed both charming and foreign (after all, I had grown up with the example of Romeo and Juliet as the ideal of romance: two young people who find love and marry despite their families, never mind the disastrous consequences). To /)'.1")%-&'3+0$"('-.$%'2$0%-'<)#0'12'*#00$#()&'=84)'realized that the0)' $%' -0+-.' -1' 9:#01168%' 4$):>'

<1+'7#"8-'*#00<'#'6)0%1"':$-.1+-'*#00<$"(' -.)$0'family; their family is who they are. Swaroop came back to India, to his family, no longer a youth, but as a married man who was introducing his choice of wife to his relatives. In turn, his family took me in as one of their own and acted as a bridge between the boy Swaroop and the grown-up version I know. I could trace the physical features he had inherited through the generations, but I could also trace the family commitments and traditions ingrained in his upbringing. Through his family, Swaroop wanted me to know him better, and I feel happy to have made that journey. I left with a sense of how lucky I am to have family all across the globe ! America, Korea, India. While the physical distances between us can be large, we illustrate just how interconnected this world actually is. What a comforting thought.

!"!#!"!!#!"!#!

Ms Anna Mishra grew up in the Pacific North-west and currently lives in Seattle, Washington with her husband. A high school English teacher by trade, she enjoys reading novels, watching plays, seeing students use semicolons correctly, and traveling to new places.

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Ode to buds which never blossomed

Anuranjita Nayak

Sobbing and drenched he was pulled out by firemen Shivering and aching he stared at the rushing water

The river just engulfed his whole world. !"#$%&'$(&$)"*+,")-

Moments ago his single mother in sheer despair and anger shoved them all All including five month old Daniel tucked in his seat.

She drove the vehicle off the road right into the body of water! Was she blinded by her flooding tears?

A quick reflex and he hit the power door button, jutting off to air .+/)$0&1*2&$)"&$342$5*6&$78)*$)"&$127,75$94)&2-:

His family wiped out in a fit of rage Another orphan to brace the big bad world at this tender age.

These make to front pages of the daily news Then get trashed like a school dropout, fleeing from his nightmare

Seeking solace in the poisonous arms of drug abuse.

The beeping monitors and hissing ventilators Keep company to her limp body

Intravenous lines make a net around, attempting to keep the soul within. All she did to reach this fate

Was to cry like a normal seven month old and make her father irate ;*)$/"4<&8$=7<&$4$24,$5*==$"&2$)78#$02478$02+7/&5$485$04))&2&5-

She will be moved to a rehab, then to foster care Who knows if she will ever walk or see

And even if so, there is no more abuse to foresee? >*?$)"&#$5758@)$4/<$%+3"?

These little souls just needed some affection, protection and care And would have blossomed into healthy productive beings.

All they plead is to find another way to vent out your feelings Please don@)$%4<&$)"&%$#*+2$A+83"78,$04,/

They are fragile, PLEASE HANDLE WITH CARE.

Dr. Anuranjita Nayak is a faculty and clinical Pediatric Neurologist at University of Florida, resides with her husband Siddhartha and daughter Aarushi in Gainesville, Florida.

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!"#$%&'"($)*$"#+,($-.&//#0$+$1#+(23$+%0$("#%$-4)#

Srikanta Mishra 1:58 AM. As I groggily check the luminescent readout of the bed-side alarm clock, the growing heaviness in my chest begins to sink in. There is a feeling of burning, and of pressure. My mind tries to focus. Heart Attack? I try breathing deeply. There is no shortness of breath. I check my forehead; no sweating. I pinch my arms; no loss of feeling. Could it be heartburn? I get up, walk to the kitchen, drink some water and come back to bed. Let me try to sleep it off, I think and climb back under the duvet. Underneath the cozy comforter, sleep is hard to come by. The heaviness in my chest refuses to subside. Slowly, a feeling of nausea begins to creep in. I pad over to the bathroom sink, and try throwing up. It is an ordeal. The chest feels no less constricted even after the heaving stops. I decide to call for reinforcements. Snigdha, wake up, I say, gently shaking my wife. My chest hurts. She sits up, immediately alert, hearing the dreaded words. Where? For how long? I tell her about my symptoms, and my suspicion that it is heartburn. Another wave of nausea sweeps over me, and the chest pain kicks up a notch, as I run to the sink. Snigdha quickly scans her first aid book. Call 911, I say. She comes over, and massages my back. Looks like a bad case of heartburn. Let me take you to the emergency. But first, take some antacid and drink some more water. That should help. I do all that, but with little effect. As I walk around the kitchen island, massaging my chest, and hoping for relief that continues to evade me, Snigdha gently takes my arm. !"#$%&'"#&()"%%"(&and go to the emergency. I follow her, sensing that time is of the essence. My subconscious mind recalls a similar incident 7-8 years ago, when a childhood chum com-plained of chest pains, was taken to the emer-gency, and had a heart attack during the ER triage. That is what saved me, I remember him saying over and over again, as I quickly change and put on my jacket. The garage feels bitterly cold as I get into the car. Pulling out of the

garage, Snigdha pats my hand. *"$++&,"&#-")"&./&/0&#.1"2&&30/$#&40))5. 2:39 AM, the clock on the dashboard says.

! ! ! ! Christmas is only a few days away. The night is crisp and clear. The blackness of the sky is in sharp contrast with the brilliance of the snow on the ground. It is an eerie feeling for recent transplants like us from Texas. Snigdha begins telling me about her trip to the doctor yesterday, when she got lost and found herself at the entrance to the emergency. I know exactly where it is, she keeps assuring me. I listen, partly to get distracted, as I keep massaging my chest. The roads are completely deserted, and we get to the emergency in a few minutes. I get out of the car, and quickly walk across to the reception desk. The lobby is deserted, save the nurse in charge of check-in. May I help you, she says. I am having chest pains, I say. It hurts. She rushes out, gets me seated on a wheel chair, mumbles chest pain!"chest pain!# $%# &'(#headset, and wheels me right in. A team of nurses runs towards us. Room 22, one of them says. It is set up for cardiac patients. We enter the room, and the ER protocol rapidly kicks in. 678"& 099& %#)""#& :+0#-"%;<=#& 0/& -0%<.#7+& '04/&;4-7#& .%& 50=)& %0:.7+& %":=).#5& /=1,");& +"#&1"&shave 50=)&:-"%#&#0&7##7:-&#-"&>?@&+"7(%;27)"&50=&7++")'.:&#0&7/5&1"(.:7#.0/;24"&7)"&'0./'&#0&(0&7/&AB;2-04&40=+(&50=&)7#"&50=)&:-"%#&<7./;& The nurses are bustling all around me, setting up the EKG, the IV, the blood draw, etc. He is diabetic and also on blood pressure medication, Snigdha keeps repeating, while giving out details about my insurance. A petite lady in scrubs comes in and shakes my hand. I am Dr. Alex-ander, she says. !"#$%&%""&4-7#&4"&-7C"&-")". The EKG readout is beginning to emerge, and I suddenly wince, as the pain intensifies. Taking a deep breath, I look at the doctor, silently asking

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for a diagnosis. You are having a heart attack, she says, reading my mind. !"#$ %&'(&)*+$ ,&)%+$ (-.#$ (/0#$ (&$ +/1.$ /12$ $ 3$ 4##5$detached from my body, almost like a ghost hovering over the room, watching the ER team continue its drill. There is a sense of unreal, as if the whole experience belongs to someone else. Call for the phar!"#$%&'()$*+, -$!, %.!+, -+/a-0$1'2+, 3.14&, -"*+, ", #"&-, 5"6, -+0+'2+455, -"*+,you air lifted to the heart hospital mid-&.21'#-+#7, -$%, 89'"0+, :.;, "55+0)$#, &., "1:,!+3$#"&$.1'(-.2, 2.;53, :.;, 0"&+, :.;0, #-+%&,/"$1'("0+,:.;,#.53'(-+0+,"0+,%.!+,65"17+&%'( The med flight team arrives, and takes charge. A new gurney is called for and I am gently slid onto it. The doctor comes over and touches my shoulder. You are going to be all right. We have you stabilized and Dr. Silver is waiting for you at the heart hospital. Good luck. Snigdha is standing by the door, holding my clothes. She pats my forehead, and gives me a wan smile. I "!,#.!$1),&.,&-+,-.%/$&"5<,3.14&,2.00:, she says, as the med flight team wheels me away. 3:23 AM, reads the clock over the doorway.

! ! ! ! We move quickly through a long and empty corridor and step out of the building into an open ramp. My body goes into shock at the sudden drop in temperature. The med flight crew races towards the waiting helicopter and quickly directs my gurney into the c"&66#)*+$ 7#5582$ $ 3$ 4##5$ 5/.#$being trapped inside a metal coffin. The gurney is strapped on, and a pair of headphones is put over my ears. Relax, the disembodied voice of one of the crew says, 2+455,6+,&"7$1),.==,$1,>;%&,",minute. I can barely turn my head around. The helicopter engines whine and rev higher as we take off. Claustrophobia begins to battle the pain in my chest. I close my eyes and reach for my chest. Om tryambakam yajamahe, I start chanting silently, willing away any sense of panic. It will be OK, I tell myself, every time I reach the end of the mantra, mryutyor mukhshiya mamrutat, before starting all over again. We land, and the med flight team rushes me through the parking lot and a maze of corridors

into the brightly lit cath lab. Everyone is in scrubs looking bright eyed and alert. The doctor steps in and introduces himself. He is complete-ly bald, with a peaked nose, and a serious demeanor. I am Dr. Silver, he says, shaking my hand. You had a heart attack. We are going to inject some dye into you and find out where the arterial blockage occurred. ?-+1,2+455,&"7+,#"0+,of it. They slide me from the med flight gurney onto the operating table and start some more medica-tion through the IV. A local anesthetic is applied to my groin area. It is wet and cold, and my teeth begin to chatter. I am swaddled with more blankets. The relaxant begins to take over. I '-1$7-)#58$"#-)$9)$:/5;#)*+$;&/'#$(#55/1<$0#$-7&=($the catheter, the wire, the dye, the balloon, the stent, as my heavy eye lids begin to close of their own volition. 3:55 AM, is the last thing I remember as I drift away.

! ! ! ! >8$#8#+$<)-%=-558$4&'=+$&1$9)2$:/5;#)*+$<5/+(#1/1<$forehead as I come out of anesthesia. How are you feeling?, he asks. OK, I mumble, slurring my words. You did great, he says. One of your arteries was almost completely blocked. I removed the blockage and put a stent. Another artery also has some serious blockage. I need you to come back in a month so that we can fix it. He stops to watch me digest the news. You got lucky, he says after a long pause. We caught the heart attack just in time. There is another flurry of activity to get me ready for the move to the cardiac ICU. I keep mulling over the fact that I just had a heart attack. Or was it somebody else? Denial takes over, until ,#$'&0#$&=($&4$("#$'-("$5-7$-1%$3$+##$:1/<%"-*+$smiling face mirroring a huge sense of relief. Realization follows; something serious did happen to me. A bubbly nurse takes charge of transporting me to the ICU. Snigdha holds my hand as we navigate a maze of corridors and finally check into my ICU cabin. I am partially immobilized from all the attachments to my body. The nurse gets me settled, introduces me to the ICU crew,

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wishes me luck, and leaves. I close my eyes and doze off for a bit. When I open my eyes, I see Snigdha sitting in !"#$ %&'#$ ()*)!&+,*$ -".)+/$ *%##0$ 1#.+2/$ *)00)'3$ .$cup of water and looking in my direction. I wave at her. She comes over and gently strokes my face. How are you feeling, she asks. Not bad, just a little bit of pain in the chest, I say. I am so glad, she says. Let me go home and check on the children. I nod in agreement. You rest now, she says. I will be back in a couple of hours. She gives my hand a final squeeze, gathers her purse and coat and steps outside. Thank you for

giving me my life back, I silently mouth after her. She stops at the door to look back at me. Reassurance is writ large on her face, a calamity averted. A smile flits across her face, as if to say, !"#$%&'(&)*"+&. 5:43 AM, the ICU clock reads.

! ! ! !

Dr. Srikanta Mishra and family recently relocated to Dublin, OH. He has committed himself to a healthy and balanced lifestyle in order to contin-ue enjoying the blessings of life.

The Visitor

Snigdha Mishra

You came to me once, a long time ago as I walked by the shores of a lake. The water gleamed black in the moonlight, frothy little ripples lapping at the edge. You loomed behind me as I walked on wet sand. Though You made no sound, I knew it was You. I did not look behind for I knew it was You. You were there with me. I was content. 4&5$.*6#7$8#$82$"#.+!,*$7#*)+#9$$ Foolish child that I was, I asked for flowers. I asked for my gardenia bush to bloom so I could offer its fragrant flowers to You. In my innocence, I asked for nothing for myself. In my joy, I asked for nothing for the world : no cure for cancer, no freedom from poverty, no end to war, hunger, greed or disease. And yet You gave me what I sought. My gardenia bloomed with the morning sun. Every branch bowed with blossom Heady with perfume all summer long. You came to me again, not so long ago, as I drove alone on a midnight road. I did not look behind for I knew it was You. You were there for me. I was content.

4&5$.*6#7$8#$.3.)'$;&+$82$"#.+!,*$7#*)+#9$$ Innocent no longer, I was selfish. I asked You for a life, precious to me. Again, I asked for nothing for the world. Yet again You gave me what I sought. I sat in the ICU, listening to the soft beeps of machines keeping my beloved alive. Watching him breathe in the dim, cold light. I know You will come again when I call and walk behind me in silent support. You will envelop me in Your gentle warmth. I will know it is You. I will be content. I have nothing for You but the gift of my music and my boundless belief that You are there always, soundlessly watching over me. I need not look behind. I am content.

! ! !

Mrs. Snigdha Mishra resides in Dublin, OH with her family. On a welcome extended break from her job as Contracts Manager for an Environ-mental Consulting company, she teaches Hindustani classical music and writes poetry in her spare time.

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A testament of Failure

Sura Rath

Success is an American appetite, synonymous with life. We want to emphasize success, and to some extent even guarantee it. As a college teacher for almost four decades, in India and the US, I have always nurtured a fear of failure. Every time a student fails my class I experience a sense of haunting self-defeat. Last November, when our Admissions Director invited me as the luncheon speaker to a group of 50 high school counselors, I decided to speak not of success but of failure. We serve a large number of under-privileged, first-generation college students; they and their families could exemplify fai!"#$% &'% ()*+,% +$&% &-$% *)&.'*/0%success depends on theirs. Texas has a pro-1#)(,% 2"33$00% 4+% 5$1#$$,% 6-$#$% &-$% 0&)&$/0%success is measured by the number of high school and college dropouts it can help earn a college degree. The invitation offered me a pulpit to preach about the importance of failure as a reminder of the uncertainties of life, as an opportunity for exploring the untrodden and unimagined paths that we bypass in our haste to reach our destination. Somewhere in the bumps and bruises of my academic journey, I thought, there would be a message for our prospective students or even parents. The following is an expanded version of that talk: Recently many American universities and colleges are combining their Academic Affairs and Student Affairs divisions into one unit, either as a cost-cutting measure or as an integration of the intellectual and social growth of students. At some institutions like my own, this new division is called Academic Excellence and Student Success, reinforcing the complimentary nature of faculty-centered teaching and student-centered learning. I work as the Director of our University College, supervising two key areas of our 0&"7$*&0/%)3)7$(.3%8#'1#$00%7"#.*1%&-$.#%9.#0&%&6'%years of college: Academic Advising and Aca-demic Support. My administrative responsibility is to ensure that they build a strong foundation in their general education before they enter their major fields of study. I come to you today as a teacher who just completed his 35th year in

American higher education, as a student of American literature and culture, as an Odia whose personal and professional values are grounded in things I learned in a tiny village 03-''!% *$)#% &-$%:-.!.;)%<);$%'*% =*7.)/0% $)0&$#*%seaboard, as a friend, a colleague, a neighbor, and a father of two boys who have gone through American public education. When we speak, we have three options: one, to tell what should be (philosophy and theology); two, to tell what could be (romance and fiction); and three, to tell what we have lived through (biography and confes-sion). I will take the third route and move toward the first: begin with some confessions and end like a Sunday school teacher, or a village priest. In 1979 teaching as a lecturer at Loyola Universi-ty, New Orleans, I came to know the tragic story of a local author. John Kennedy Toole, wrote a book called A Confederacy of Dunces and killed -.(0$!9% )&% )1$% >?% 4$3)"0$% '9% &-$% 8"4!.0-$#0/%#$@$3&.'*% )*7% -.0% ('&-$#/0% *)11.*1A% B% 7'C$*%publishers had turned it down, because its 30-year old protagonist Ignatius J. Reilly neither pursued nor achieved success in life. In fact, he spurned success. The book, published posthu-mously in 1980, was awarded the Pulitzer Prize 9'#% !.&$#)&"#$A% D''!$/0% !.9$% 0&'#+,% !.;$% &-)&% '9% -.0%*'E$!/0%8#'&)1'*.0&,% .0%'*$%'f failure; his death a ritualistic sacrifice to the goddess of success who granted him his wish, but too late. His death was an act of denial, an aggressive rejection of failure that turned fatal. We love success, we adore it, and worship it; we 7'*/&%6ant to think, talk or write about its other, failure. That is what I will do here today: talk about a series of failures that have made me what/who I am today as a celebration of roads not taken, dreams not realized, destinations not #$)3-$7F% '9% !.9$/0% "*3ertainties, surprises, insta-bilities. I will speak from experience and select three anecdotes: first, flunking a sophomore calculus course that resulted in my failure to secure admission in medical school; second, being told by my professor in my junior year that I was not cut out to be an English major; and, finally, failing selection for a lucrative bank officer

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job. Each of these, ironically, pushed me in directions never considered before. 1968: For a rural Brahmin boy with an older sibling who was an engineer, pursuing a career in medicine was a given. The idea was planted in my mind as early as the 7th grade and nurtured until high school graduation. It worked; I got into a pre-med 2-year program at a premier college. The path was clear; the plan infallible. The sophomore year calculus class had a shock in store. With an unexplained 17% in Maths, the medical school dreams evaporated. Looking !"#$%"&%&'(%)%*+(,-./0%1("+20%3(4(+"5%67/#"&-.4%course work, I had picked English Literature as my major. There was safety in the selection: a 8"0&(+20% -4%6495-0'%:("4&%"%9/"+"4&((7%#.55(9(%teaching position; the demand was there. 1969: The excitement of the new world of humanities and literature had lasted a short time. A 6-page interpretive analysis of 3 poems by John Donne submitted as an extra-credit as-signment returned bleeding with red ink early in the junior year. A decisive, legible message on the cover page read: consider some other major. Faculty mentorship and academic advising rolled into one prophetic message: I could not succeed in English. Embarrassing failure, again, but I refused to quit! Determined to fight this branding, I took a risk and stayed on in English. The final grading was to be done by professors else-where, by people who would judge my work anonymously. I thought a year and half of dedicated work would vindicate me. It did. When the results were published, I looked for my name from the bottom of the list of successful gradu-ates and just as I was getting to the top with a sinking heart fearing the confirmation of the prophecy there it was, number one on the list. It was a death and a birth blended into one. 1972: With pride and vigor I applied myself to graduate school, but the arrogance of success prompted me to take a competitive exam for a bank officer position. These positions were lucrative but there was an added appeal: being selected as a bank officer ;./57% <*+.,(=% :1%ability. I made the cut in the written part of the examination, but the interview was a different matter. In Calcutta, the committee chair reviewed my documents while I sat silently but confidently. After what seemed like eternity he began>%<?.4>%

you have done well in your studies and in the exam. I want you to explain why you want to 7+.*% ./&% .@% 9+"7/"&(% 0#'..5% @.+% &'-0% A.!B=% C% '"7%not applied myself to such self-reflection, and :(($51% +(*5-(7D% <E(#"/0(% C%;"4&% &.% ("+4% @.+%:1%@":-51B=% <C% $4ow your father since the time he &/&.+(7% &'(% *+-4#(0% .@% F"+-$/7=% '(% 0"-7>% <C0% '(%/4;(55>%7.(0%'(%7(*(47%.4%1./+%-4#.:(G=%<H(%-0%@-4(>=% C% 0"-7>% <C4% &'"&%#"0(>% 0.4>% &"$(%:1%"7,-#(D%@-4-0'% 1./+% 8"0&(+20% "47% &'(4% &+1% @.+% &'-0% A.!B%%Since you qualified now, you ;-55%I/"5-@1%"9"-4B=%This was an avuncular decision! I failed to get the position and more importantly, I failed to understand the advice until the University gold medal came. By then I had lost interest in any administrative work; I wanted to be a scholar, a teacher; my dream career had taken shape. At each of these moments I was asked to make a choice: either to accept the uncertain future or end it. Where did the strength to accept failure, actually embrace and invite it, come from? What sustained me against the daunting fear of failure &'"&%-0%*5"4&(7%-4%/0%-4%#'-57'..7G%C27%!(%&(:*&(7%to call it my strength of character, but that would be wrong. Maybe a blind faith in God or some superior intelligence but that would be wrong too. 8"1!(>%:1% *"+(4&02% 0/pport at my moments of #+-0-0J%K..$-49% !"#$>% C% 0((% .4(%:"4%;'.%;"0%my guide and guardian angel: my 10th grade English teacher named Subas Tripathy who was &("#'-49%0#'..5%&.%0",(%:.4(1%&.%9(&%"%8"0&(+20B%%He awoke in me a resilience. I have since then wanted to be like him: a teacher, a counselor, an advisor, a mentor to someone who is on the brink of something uncertain. The principle is simple: no one has the right to fail, because failure is merely an inversion of success. We simply need to redefine success. C@%;(%#"4%*5"4&%&'-0%0-:*5(%-7("%-4%(,(+1%0&/7(4&20%"47% -4% (,(+1% &("#'(+20% :-47>% ;(% ;./57% '",(% "%much larger population of college grads. I will end with two lessons that I hold dear: The first is a philosophy of education: Robert Hutchins. The L4-,(+0-&1%.@%M'-#"9.20%F+(0-7(4&>%whom I admire, once put our task as educators -4% "% 0-:*5(% #'-"0:-#% *'+"0(>% <the true goal of education is to settle the unsettled mind and to !"#$%%&$'%($'#$%%&$)*. The second, a philosophy of life: Ecclesiastes 9:10-11: Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it

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with thy might; for there is no work, nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in the grave, whither thou goest. I returned, and saw under the sun, that the race is not to the swift, nor the battle to

the strong, neither yet bread to the wise, nor yet riches to men of understanding, nor yet favor to men of skill; but time and chance happeneth to them all

Dr. Sura Rath is the Director of the University College at University of North Texas, Dallas. He is married to Manju and is blessed with two sons, Siddhartha and Gautam, daughter-in-law Ranjeeta and grandson Vasudev.

!"!"!"!"!!"!"!"!"!!"!"!"!"!!"!"!"!"!!"!"!"!"!

Maria

Lisa Bedbak Alva

I wrote this story long back in July 2005 about a little girl, Maria. I met Maria when she was 11 and I was 25 but we became friends and spent countless evenings in my house talking in my apartment about her dreams, my dreams and about the sweet nothings in life. Her mom was poor and what amazed me was that nothing, I repeat, nothing could dampen the spirits of that little girl. I lost her somewhere in this process !"##$%&'()*+,-& ).& /0&1"2%&.3&$452$00&362&$73./380&and love for some people. Meeting Maria was a very enriching experience for me. July 8th, 2005 Baltimore, Maryland

I met Maria for the first time around Christmas of 2002 when my University was closed. She was one of 5 children. Her mother Claudia was in her mid-thirties and was a perfect example of welfare queen. She was on social security benefits and other benefits as well. I always wondered if she had planned it all for the benefits. The oldest son was 22 years and had moved out of the house. Claudia lived with her three daughters and her youngest son, five year old John. Maria was the third daughter and a beautiful 11 years ol!"#$%&'&())*+#,(-&(#!&!%.'#/01(2 to me and she kept pretty much to herself. I had few days off after my Fall Semester and it was a very cold winter in 2002 with blizzards in Washington DC. Ajjai used to be in the Library most of the time that winter as he was preparing for the USMLE exams, so it was mostly me at home. One

evening, there was a knock at the door and I opened it and saw Maria in front of me. She asked me if I had some butter and eggs in my refrigerator. She wanted to bake a cake with her sister. I had 2-3 eggs and some butter. She took them from my hand and smiled. I smiled back. For me, Maria was always an enigma. I really 3(%'1!# '4# '()2# '4# 51-#64-1# 78'# $# !&!%.'# 3(%'# '4#impose my friendship. So I gave her some time. Next day I was shoveling snow from my car as I had to go to the grocery store. She asked if I could give her a ride. While I was driving, I played an old ghazal of Jagjit Singh in the stereo. She listened to that song and asked me if I was Muslim and if I spoke Urdu. I told her that I was from India and I spoke Hindi. The truth is that she had heard Ajjai speak to me only in English as Ajjai is from Karnataka and not very fluent in Hindi. So I explained to Maria some more about India, the different languages that people spoke in India, the different cultures, different dresses and told her that India was a very culturally vibrant country. She listened to me so intently with her eyes twinkling. I think I forgot to mention before that Maria was accom-panied by her elder sister, Jackie. Jackie was 18 years old, lost in her own world and never interacted with me much. So it was mostly me and Maria talking. We went inside the store and did our share of shopping. When I was turning back to find the girls, I saw Jackie and Maria arguing about something and it looked pretty bad. I knew I had to take the girls with me so I

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tried to chip in. Jackie told me everything was fine and went to the right side to get some milk and bread for her mom. I asked Maria if every-thing was alright and she told me that she would love to have a German Chocolate Cake for herself and for her little brother, John but the problem was that Jackie was not letting her buy one as it was expensive. The cost of a medium size German Chocolate Cake was around $8-$9. I asked Maria if it was OK with her if I bought the cake. She jumped with joy and gave me a big hug with tears in her eyes. I was touched and happy too because I knew that Maria was opening up to me. While driving back, nobody spoke anything; there was pin drop silence. Gradually Maria became close to me and we would make chat papdi at my place, which she loved. She would come to me with her home-work and was extremely glad when I helped her with HCF and LCM. She was a sharp girl and learnt things fast and well. She had these sea secrets in her eyes which always made me wonder about her. Slowly she started confiding in me about the emotional abuse she had gone through at a very young age. There was abso-lutely nobody to talk to about her goals, to encourage her. She was a good singer and considered Beyonce her role model. My school reopened after Christmas break and I got busy with classes a!"# $# "%"!&'# ()'# '*# +))#Maria much after that. She would still greet me every now and then. At the end of the spring semester in 2003, she told me that she got all ,-&+.#%!#/)0#12'/#3*40+)+5#$#62+#74+'#+*#/2889#:*0#her. We ordered a pizza and celebrated her success. I told her that I was about to start an internship that summer and I was not sure why she started crying and she became very quiet. I tried talking to her but she kept on crying and after some time she went back home. I saw her the next day and she gave a beautiful smile and held me tightly and told me how much she would miss me. I asked her if she would go for a walk and she did join me. She told me that her mom

had not paid the house rent for more than 3 months and the leasing office people were 8;2!!%!(#'*#'/0*6#'/)<#*4'5#$#"%"!&'#=!*6#6/2'#'*#+295#$#62+#2#+'4")!'#<9+);:#2!"#$#3*4;"!&'#2::*0"#to pay her rent. However I told her that the best way to come of this vicious cycle was to do well at school and get a good job. She told me she would try. By then she had stopped crying and I could see a slight ray of hope on her face. She told me about the tremendous peer pressures she felt at school. It was very strange but I always felt Maria always demonstrated some sort of scant interest in collectivism. It was time for me to come back home as I had to cook dinner. I told her to aim high and think about all the minority leaders and people who had made it >%(5# $'# 62+!&'# )2+9# :*0# '/)<# 2!"# %'# 6*4;"!&'# >)#easy for her either but she could do it with her indomitable determination. She listened to me so intently. I loved the glow in her big dark eyes. I gave her a hug and went back home. I had to get up at 5:30am next day to travel to Laurel (a small town between Baltimore and Washington DC) for my internship. My first week at work was so hectic and I hardly had time to think about anything. I really wanted to meet Maria that weekend to see how she was doing. I thought of giving her a surprise visit so I went to her apartment but I was shocked to see that the front door was locked. They had left the apartment complex. Well, not really shocked. I 2;629+# +26# %'# 3*<%!(# >4'# "%"!&'# )?8)3'# %'# '*#happen so fast. I felt devastated as I could not see her for one last time. Even to this day, I often wonder what she is up to and where is she now. I hope she is doing well wherever she is. I hope God gives her enough strength to fight the battle of life. I hope that she does not become a victim of the vicious cycle of emotional abuse from her own mother. I hope she does not lose her interest in Math and Music and her childhood innocence. I hope she finds the true meaning of life wherever she is; I hope that she is HAPPY!!

Mrs. Lisa Bedbak Alva is originally, from Sambalpur, Orissa. She came to United States in 2002 to do her MS in Computer Science in Maryland. She is now settled in Houston, Texas. She is married to Dr. Ajjai Alva and has two little boys, Arjun and Anmol.

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Through the Child's eye

Sneha Mohanty

As I glance at the Child's face, Playing in the crimson shores of the sands, Searching for sea shells or hermit crabs Innocent as doe in the free land Intensely building forts or castles. Suddenly an unruly rude wave Sweeps away the little creation No remorse, revenge or sadness, Staring at the patches of clouds Floating in the sky as sail boat May be it is a "spilled milk" Or a patch of water lilies bursting in the pond As the rain touches the ground. He peeps for the colors of the rainbow, Lightening and rain puddles His mind is filled with the magic of imagination Pure as porcelain and laughter Cycles of life changes, Imagination swirls into the complexi-ty and emptiness of shells.

This poem was read at the Children Poetry Symposium at Los Angeles in 2002. After getting her second M. A. in Child Development from California State University, Long Beach, Ms Sneha Mohanty taught at St. Wilfrid's School at Huntington Beach, California till her retirement in 2009. Her book, Amrutyana was published in Odia by Books and Books, Cuttack in 1982. Her second book Geeti Kavita is in the press.

Descent of a man

Babru Samal

The afternoon sun has lost all its hype The clouds decorated with rainbows have gone

home And the bravado of the thunders has died

down Slowly and surely with the fragile mind and

limbs The man descends

Reluctantly accepting its place in the universe

Gone are the looks from the tree above Pitying the seen unseen

Less complex, less evolved bacteria and viruses

Sheep and cows and milli-pedes

The simple amoeba and earthworms

Once I know them intimately They all appear equal or better life

forms All made in the image of the creator

having what they need to be alive and propagate

their progenies for millions of years Even in some cases

Equipped with better tools than me.

In the twinkle of the eyes The young parents become ancestors

The new born babies have babies As if the time stands still

and we come and go after a sojourn here With humility I accept my existence

As a tiny part in the march of life All across the mother earth and beyond.

Dr. Babru Samal is a former editor of the OSA Souvenir. He is a writer, poet as well as an

avid photographer. He lives in Maryland.

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The first curse

Sharmistha Mohapatra The Sun was ablaze overhead, warming me like an embrace. His rays attempted to comfort me, the soft grass offered to salve my blistered feet, the downward slope was gentle. Nature yielded to provide me an easy passage home. Alas, my memories would not let me enjoy; memories of the immortal Parshuram and his curse. Parshuram my Guru, to whom I had devoted the prime of my youth, his rage at my bleeding thigh, I could not stop envisioning. Having humbly offered my lap for his head to rest, I had not known then that it would bring about my detri-ment. O cruel scorpion! Who sent you? My !"##$%&'()'%'*$%&+,,+$%-.%-*/,+01/%23#,,+$%'*(0%and disturbed his afternoon slumber, that same blood now pumped his curse through my body. Parshuram had sat up suddenly at the sight of my sanguine lower garment, blood had already pooled on the ground where I was sitting bow-"+44+$5% 67#8% (3/#"+3,% )0+*,80+9% :#&% $*0+% .#8%bring dishonesty to my refuge. You disgusting ;/'+,0(.*9<% =% "##2+$% 8>% *,% '(-% 3#&% /,*3$(34% (3%,'+% /,*3)+% #?% *3% *440+//#0@% 6A808B(C<% 6D(",'.%scourge of this earth, progeny of mass murder-+0/%*3$%E(#"*,#0/%#?%,'+%08"+/%#?%&*0?*0+9<%F*0/'u-ram pointed at my chest as he thundered his words. His left hand gripped his bow that had been leaning against the Banyan tree. 6G8,%A808B(H%=%*-%3#,%&'*,%.#8%/*.5%%=%*-%-+0+".%your si->"+% /+0E*3,5<% % 6I#%3#,% (3/8",%-+% ?80,'+0%with your pretenses. You are neither a Brahmin nor a protector of the Vedas. You are the $+/)+3$*3,%#?%-.%?*,'+01/%2(""+0/@%;/'+,0(.*9% %J#%one but a warrior could have tolerated the /)#0>(#31/% !(,+H% */% .#80% )*/,+ members are unfeeling slayers who revel in pain and suffering. You have illicitly received my teachings of righteous warfare and just destruction and for this I curse you! The mantra I taught you for the divine Brahmastra, that most deadly of weapons will abandon you at your greatest time of need just as you have abandoned Truth when you entered my home. Its absence will be felt at your ?(3*"%'#809<

J#&%/,834%&#0/+% ,'*3% ,'+% /)#0>(#31/%!(,+H% =% ?+",%bitter hallucinogens force into my mind and I lost sensation of the present. My parents had never been dishonest about my birth. They told me they had never seen my entrance into this wide world, only the entrance into theirs, as I came floating in a hemp basket #3%0(E+0%A*34*1/%)800+3,/5% 6K#3H%&'+3%=%#>+3+$ the basket, there was a tremendous glow that burst forth, blinding me as if the solar deity, Surya, had sent a piece of himself. Only mo-ments after, once the rays retracted into your skin, I was able to see you inside, an infant decked in golden armour and fine jewels on the ears. You did not cry when I lifted you to my chest and carried you home. Radha took to you immediately and shed tears when I told her how I found you. Just as a seed contains the essence #?%"(?+H%.#8%)*-+%*/%*%4(?,%,#%8/5< They loved me, I had never doubted it. Love not lineage had weaved the organic threads of my body. Nevertheless, I was not completely a part of them. My armour skin formed a barrier between myself and their embraces. I had never been able to feel their touch upon my shoulders, just a gentle compression. Because of this rigid encasement, other children in my neighborhood saw me as nothing more than a daunting force, though my behavior towards them had always been reserved. I was different. When I was six, my father gifted me with a )'("$1/%!#&%*3$%*00#&%/+,H%)*0E+$%/>+)(?()*"".%?#0%-+% !.% ,'+% 0#.*"% !#&.+0/% *3$% ?"+,)'+0/5% % 6L.%?0(+3$/% *,% ,'+% *0-#0.%-*$+% ,'+/+% ?#0% .#85% % =,1/%3#,'(34% ?*3).H% B8/,%-*$+% ?0#-% />*0+%-*,+0(*"/5<%%When he presented me with the set, I was ecstatic. To top that, every year after, I got a new set to match my size. Being a servant to the king had its benefits. We lived not in poverty. No. But, we did live modestly among other royal employees. Everyone in our southern section of the city was of lower or mixed caste but fared considerably well.

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!"#$%"& '& ()*& +,#$-& #.& /0& +),1234*& "#2#,)561&living, I did not feel settled that my future duty lay only in driving chariots like my father. Suta-putra, son of modest cast I am, but surely I must be destined for acts and events of enormous proportion, I would think. Otherwise, what is the purpose of my unique alloyed skin? For years, I turned to Surya to be my Guru in the training of the martial arts. But it was difficult to hone my movements when he refused to speak his observations. How was I supposed to know if I was doing things right? 78"0&-#243&0#$&)*9&/0&.)3"1,& 3#& 31):"&0#$;&<1&just got appointed as the arms instructor at the palace. And since your father has been working for King Dritiras3")&.#,&01),*=&'4/&*$,1&>3&(#$6-&51&)2& )::1+3)561& ,1?$1*3@A I remember giving Aswathama a skeptical look. A friend for over ten years, he seemed greatly changed in the past ten months. !Has living in the palace the past months wiped out all memories of your 15 01),*& >2& 3"1& "),-& (#,6-;A& '& ,1*+#2-1-& (>3"& )&.,>12-60& */>,9@& 7B>,*360=& 0#$,& .)3"1,& >*& )& 21(&employee and it would be unwise for him to jeopardize his position by taking on some kid just 51:)$*1& "1& ")++12*& 3#& 51& ">*& *#24*& .,>12-@&&C1:#2-60=& -#243& 0#$& think that all government children would be clamoring for educational opportunities alongside the royal princes? As it is we enjoy more than a decent school system for our caste because we are government employee beneficiaries, so to ask for more would ju*3&51&$2%,)31.$6@&&D6$*&'4/&EF&)2-&)6,1)-0&-#21&(>3"&*1:#2-),0&*:"##6@& & '4/& 3##&#6-& 3#&51& >2& 3"1&same classroom as the young students of your .)3"1,@A 7G"=& :#/1& #2H& & I#$& *)>-& 0#$,*16.& 3")3& 0#$&wished to learn more about weaponry and the science of arms. My father learned Mantras from the great Parshuram, himself! Who better 3#&31):"&0#$;&&D6$*=&'4-&51&3"1,1&(>3"&0#$@&&!"#*1&9>-*& ),1243& *#& 5)-=& >34*& ?$>te fun watching them 5,)(6@& & I#$& )2-& /1=& (1& :#$6-& 51& /0& .)3"1,4*&understudies and be junior mentors for the +,>2:1*@& & '2&01),*& 3#&:#/1=&(14-&%13& 3#&*"),1& >2&)66&3"1>,&%6#,0&)2-&,>:"1*HA& 7J*()3")/)=&0#$4,1&%133>2%&:),,>1-&)()0K&3")3&>*&a ridiculous supposi3>#2& )2-& '& -#243& ()23& 3"1>,&%6#,0&)2-&,>:"1*@&'&()23&/0&#(2@A 7<)=&0#$&),1&*$:"&)2& >-1)6>*3@& &!"1*1&-)0*=&0#$&:)243&/)91& >3& #2& 0#$,& #(2@& & I#$& ")L1& 3#& 92#(&

the right people. And what better people to know than the future kings? Consider yourself lucky, yo$,& .)3"1,& >*& 3"1& M>2%4*& :"),>#311,@& & N2:61&Adiratha has never asked King Dritirastha for )203">2%@&&8")34*&3"1&+#>23&#.& 3")3&,16)3>#2*">+&>.&"1&:)243&1O+6#>3&3"1&M>2%4*&.#2-21**&.#,&">/;A 7P##9=& '4/& 2#3& %#>2%& 3#& )*9& /0& .)3"1,& 3#& 3)91&advantage of anyone; '&-#243&:),1&"#(&/$:"&3"1&#3"1,& +1,*#2& ")*@& & Q$3& '466& )*9& N2:61& R,#2)&->,1:360& >.& "1466& )::1+3& /1@& & '4-& ,1)660& ,)3"1,& 2#3&take away his time from the princes, since that might get him into trouble. Perhaps he can set )*>-1&*#/1&3>/1&>2&3"1&1L12>2%*;A 7G. course! Father will gladly take you on. He ")*243& .#,%#3312&">*&#(2&$+5,>2%>2%=& )2-&*11>2%&you are a willing student, will remind him of his #(2&0#$3".$6&:$,>#*>3>1*@A J*()3")/)4*& (#,-*& ,)2%& 5>331,60& >2& /0& />2-&now. Not only had Drona rejected me, but he had accused me of vanity to consider myself worthy of individual tutelage from him, the highly *161:31-& ,#0)6& ),/*& >2*3,$:3#,@& 7'& #260& 31):"&Kshetriyas, men bound for greatness, not minions who dare out step their rightful place in 3"1& *#:>)6& #,-1,@A& J2d that was the catalyst for my quest to find Parshuram, that Brahmin lord of destruction; to go directly to the source of the great master warrior. But alas! Cruel reality! Is there no Guru whom I can please? Neither Surya nor Drona and now not even Parshuram! How I had hoped to be destined for the great art of warfighting! Have I really been birthed simply to chariot greater men? I had knelt down and put my hands together. 7I1*&S$,$T>=&'&*")/1.$660&)-/>3&'&)/&2#&Q,)"/>2@&&But I did not come to you as a Kshetriya either; the truth is I am a Suta-putra, the son of Ad-hiratha, a charioteer. Though I am the offspring of a humble servant, my earliest memories have been the urges to be a war fighter. O Brahmin warrior, you who destroyed the Sahasrarjuna clan to avenge your father, how can you crush me likewise, your reverent student? Having heard of your glory, I sought your guidance. Fearing your rejection, like that of Drona for simply not being of worthy lineage, I sacrificed Truth for my sense of Duty. Please forgive this

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failure of my character. I beseech you, Guru, to retract your heated words! I am not your neme-sis of the Kshetr!"#$%&''()* +,$-$,./0'1$ -$,#2$3#&,45&#67,$'"'%&/2,$85&&/2$deeper, but the redness in his eyes had dissipat-'($#9($4!,$ 8#:'$4#($,;#:0'9'()$ $ <=',1*$ 4'$ ,#!($2!>4$:#;6'&$?/!:'1$<"/5$#&'$#$@,4'>&!"#)$$+9($"/5$have known it always though you may not have been sure to believe in it. I know your mind, Karna. You, who were born with a golden armor and earrings as skin, how could you be anything less than a warrior hero? Even greater, how could you not be something divine? You have thought over these things constantly; uncertain, but hopeful. You are right about your Duty; you are built for and meant for fighting. I hereby :/98!&6$>4!,$A&5>4$>/$"/5)* I remained rooted to the ground, stunned again. <+;#,1*$ 4'$ :/9>!95'(1$ <-$ #6$ 59#%;'$ >/$ ?/!($ 6"$Curse to you. For just as you are destined for fighting; you also are destined for dying. To assuage this burden though, I gift you with #9/>4'&$ :';',>!#;$ 2'#./91$ >4'$ B#&C#?#,>&#)*$ D'$reached out his right hand and helped me to stand. I felt a rush of energy course through my arms and into my torso like water rushing into an '6.>"$ >#90)$ <E',.!>'$ %'!9C$ (!,4/9',>$ 5./9$entrance to my gate of knowledge, you have been a most honest student along the way. For this, I bestow a final gift to you: my own Bow! May you wield it to bring about the destruction of 59&!C4>'/5,9',,)*$ F!>4$ 4!,$ ;'8>$ 4#9($ 4'$ >4&5,>$Vijaya into mine. E!GG"$2!>4$4!,$2/&(,$-$&'.;!'(1$<H$C&'#>$I5&51$8/&$over a decade you have taught me all the lethal dances of the battlefield. I am grateful. But the knowledge you have given me this hour; that I am indeed a Kshetriya; that, I feel, has made me a Man. Despite your hatred for this caste and the looming of your Curse, I can now feel my destiny Feel it not with anxious hope but with utmost and 8'&?'9>$:'&>#!9>")*

There had been no reason to prolong my stay at Mount Mahendra. The following day with final obeisance to Parshuram, I left his home, my home of the last twelve years. Slipping in be-tween the thinning trees, I continued to make my way towards the river Mahanadi, recounting over and over my last lesson. I. Am. Kshetriya. Kshetriya! Doomed! Hoh, cruel Fate! Why do you taunt me? Even my last words to Parshuram were lies. Rather I would have remained in the unknown and free of this disease! !"#$ %&'%()$ *ot true. Stop lying to yourself! I needed to know the truth. I wanted to know. I am relieved that I now know. But a curse for the price of Knowledge? That can not be fair, Lord! Unless, no.., yes,, it was the price of my untruth. Sigh. Yes, that is the Truth. Twelve years gone! Sixty three days of wander-ing it had been for me to find Guruji. All that distance and time away from my family! Has this all been in vain? O cruel scorpion! Who sent you? Thunder crashed overhead. I was startled to see that cumulous clouds had crept into the sky and rays of the Sun had been overpowered. Mo-ments later thick drops landed on my hair, my unfeeling upper body and then my exposed arms. I heard the heavy sounds of an unknown beast bounding behind me and my hands snapped to my quiver and then with glinting #&&/2$ >/$ 3#&,45&#67,$ B/2)$ B'8/&'$ -$ 4#($ :/m-pletely pulled myself out of my thoughts, I pulled the arrow and let fly. This would bring about the second Curse upon my head.

Ms. Sharmistha Mohapatra is a 2005 graduate from The Johns Hopkins University. She is also a US Army veteran who served on combat tours in both Iraq and Afghanistan. She will be attending the Teachers College at Columbia University starting this fall to pursue a Masters degree in health education.

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!""#$%&'#"(%")(&*+(,+-&./(

Kishore Mishra Innovation is a complex thing. One cannot design a course or devise a method to teach people how to innovate. However, one can create awareness, accentuate the benefits of innovation, extend support and provide help to make Innovation possible. Innovation and Analytical ability are mostly two separate things; sometimes they can coexist and work with each other well. Innovation is inductive and Analysis is deductive. Innovation thrives on lack of data; Analysis is formed on a bed of data. When there is scant information, no established trend and things are least clear, the innovator comes in and uses his imagination and inductive leap of faith to build and see things entirely in his mind before it takes its solid forms in the real world later. The analyst on the other hand, uses a different mental faculty to find commonality, trends and tries to make sense out of seemingly chaotic things. Both are important, and some people may have a natural talents in one of these and some special people may be good at both. Innovation and Entrepreneurship are often put in the same bucket, and used interchangeably. Though they are not exactly same they share many important common genes. Both require taking risks and creating something. The other interesting thing about Innovation is that it has often sprouted from the seemingly !"#$%&'"( )*+$!( %,$&%-.( /( 01!2%( 3"( -*,4,&-"5( &6(someone compiles some data and finds that a significant percentage of innovations have taken birth out of these seemingly negative human traits: inconvenience, discomfort, lack of facility, adversity, rebellion, non-conformity, impatience, and rejection. In any case, every situation is unique like every human being. With due respect to all, respect your individual self.

Nothing like it!

Kishore Mishra Cruising along the Pacific coast with an open mind on an open road, leaving behind the busy skylines of the city and vanishing into the idyllic beauty of pristine nature in the wee hours of a summer morning 7 Nothing like it. Sitting on the river sand in the remote country-side as time has stands still, watching the sun going down; relishing the sweet aroma of fresh, beautiful roses in the garden; inhaling the dusty and musky smell of the first rain of the season is simply priceless7 Nothing like it. The adolescent silent flush and blush you had at the thoughts of your sweetheart, the anticipation, the excitement and the adrenaline rush of meeting your first love 7 Nothing like it. An unexpected encounter with your childhood buddy after twenty years or so, both trying to re-live the sweet childhood memories in an hour is like a torrential rain gushing down the stream 7 Nothing like it. The match has been a tie, and it has come down to the last minute. You scored the winning goal for your team at the last five seconds; the joy and pride 7 Nothing like it. Away from home on a lengthy business tour, hopping on the earliest flight back home; the joy of hugging your kids 7 Nothing like it. Your little act of generosity to a complete stranger 7 Nothing like it. The freedom to live your life without any burden or bondage is the best gift of Life. Nothing like it!

Mr. Kishore Mishra lives in Santa Clara with wife Dolly, son Aniket and daughter Tamanna. He graduated from NIT Rourkela and obtained MS from University of Toledo, OH. He loves to write short essays with a touch of positivism.. He also has interest in development of Orissa, and entrepreneurial activities.

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The man who sought Nirvana

Prasanna Pati It had been almost half a century since I attend-ed the great Car Festival of Lord Jagannath, at !"#$%&$'&()*&+',$-'&.(-(*&/0&1#$22-3&+&4-2'5(&2"#*&$0&it had been in 1947 or 1948? I was not even sure if I had gone there as a devout pilgrim or as a tourist on a sightseeing jaunt. Now I was looking forward to attending the same festival in Ameri-ca, in the Golden Gate Park, San Francisco. I had been in private practice of psychiatry in San Francisco for a number of years. My office at Arguello Boulevard was just walking distance from the park and I was keenly waiting for June 23rd, the date of the festival. Sunday, June 23rd was a cloudy day. I got up early and read several pages of the Bhagavad Gita, the centerpiece of Hindu philosophy. Jagannath represents Lord Krishna of the Gita. On my way to the park, I had breakfast at Bamboo Curtain one of my favorite Chinese restaurants. I saw many people of Indian origin, walking towards the Park. I was looking forward to a day of festivity, rituals and mela, that ancient custom of getting together in Hindu festivals. I was walking along at a leisurely pace when I )*-#,&2/6*/'*&7*)$',&6*%& 89#3&./':**%&;<*-2*&wait for a minute; I hope you do not mind my =/6$'>& 4$()& ?/"& (/& ()*& 0*2($@-<3A& +& 2(/;;*,& -',&>#**(*,& ()$2& 4)$(*& 6-'& 4$()& -& 8B//,& 6/#'$'>, <//C*,& -(& )$6& =</2*<?& -',& 2-$,%& 8+& ,/& '/(& ()$'C&()-(& +& C'/4&?/"3A& 89#3&./':**%& +&4/"<,'5(& *D;*=(&you to. It was maybe 3 years back that I met you briefly at the Asian Art Museum; during a special exhibition of miniature paintings of the Moghul Empire o0& +',$-3A& +& <-">)*,&-',&2-$,%&8E-(*<?&6?&memory is not very good; I am sorry, I cannot #*=-<<& ()*& 6**($'>3A& +& 4-2& -7/"(& (/& =/'($'"*&(/4-#,2&()*&0*2($@-<&4)*'&)*&2-$,%&8+&-6&B*/#>*&F*D(/'G&+&4/"<,&<$C*&(/&-==/6;-'?&?/"3A George turned out to be a very pleasant and friendly companion. He was quite knowledgea-ble about India the great Hindu festivals. I assumed he belonged to the Hare Krishna movement, although he was not dressed in the Hare Krishna garb. We enjoyed the festival very much; the chariot of the Lord being pulled by devotees. It was a mini version of the Great

Festival at Puri. Nevertheless, it had certain spiritual significance for me. George seemed to participate fully in this spiritual experience. On conclusion of the program, I was ready to 4-<C&7-=C&(/&6?&/00$=*&-',&2-$,%&8B*/#>*%&+&#*-<<?&enjoyed your company. Maybe, we will meet ->-$'3& H-?& ()*& E/#,& I->-''-()& 7*& 4$()& ?/"3A&&&89#3&./':**%&$(&$2&-<6/2(&($6*&0/#&,$''*#A%&)*&2-$,&8+& -6& >/$'>& (/& ()*& J)$'-& H//'& K*2(-"#-'(G&&&would you like to j/$'&6*LA During dinner we chatted mostly about Hinduism -',&()*&0*2($@-<3&&&M(&/'*&;/$'(%&B*/#>*&2-$,%&89#3&Sonjee, you are a psychiatrist. You have 2(",$*,& J-#<& I"'>52& ()*/#?& /0& ()*& J/<<*=($@*&N'=/'2=$/"23A& +& 4-2& '/(& -7/"(& (/& >*(& $'(/& -'?&discussion with George on this subject but before I could cut him off, he proceeded to inform me that he was haunted by recollections of his previous birth in India. My immediate reaction was that here was yet another offbeat American, fascinated by Hindu philosophy. G*/#>*&6"2(&)-@*&2*'2*,& ()$2& 0/#&)*&2-$,%& 89#3&Sonjee, have you visited the cremation sites on ()*&B-'>*2&-(&O-#-'-2$LA 8P*2%&+&)-@*&7**'&()*#*&(4$=*%&4)?LA 8+& =-'& #*=-<<& ()-(& +& 4-2& =#*6-(*,& ()*#*& $'& 6?&;#*@$/"2&<$0*3A +& 2(-#(*,& <-">)$'>&-',&2-$,%& 89/&you expect me to buy your incredulous story? First, the con-cept of reincarnation is a matter of faith for the Hindus, with profound philosophical significance; second, the Jungian concept of Collective Unconscious has been debunked and third, even as a Hindu, I have much difficulty with this =/'=*;(3A&B*/#>*&4-2&;*#2$2(*'(& ()-(& +& )*-#&/"(&)$2&2(/#?3&Q$'-<<?&+&2-$,%&8+0&?/"&$'2$2(%&+&4$<<&<$2(*'3A We fixed a date a few days later to meet for dinner at the Empress of China restaurant in Chinatown. George was very warm and friend-ly, and he proceeded with the following story. 89#3& ./':**%& ,/& ?/"& #*=-<<& ()-(& ?/"& (/<,& 6*& /'&our first meeting that you were from Orissa? I

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was born in 1880 in the ancient city of Cuttack. Mind you, I have never been to India, in my !"#$#%&'()"&*+,'-./0'1/'2'3%/0'&*4&'5/6'*47#'%/&'8/%8/8&#1' &*#' 0*/9#' &*)%:;,' ' 2' "#$!/%1#1+' -<#&'me finish; Dr. Sonjee. You might be familiar with that city. I was born in a locality called Maria Bazaar. My father was a shopkeeper of general goods, spices, oil, rice, sugar, etc. My mother was illiterate, but a devout Hindu. I had a brother =' 5#4"$' 5/6%:#"+,' 2' 04$' :#&&)%:' )>!4&)#%&' 0)&*'this story, and just to test him, asked if he could recall his name in this so called previous birth. -?#$@'A"+'B/%C##@'>5'%4>#'04$'D)94>4%)'B4*6+,'''I knew it was a typical Oriya name but I still suspected George to be a master storyteller. He 8/%&)%6#1@'-2%'&*/$#'145$@'E6&&483'04$'$!4"$#95'populated, full of trees. I went to school until the 3rd grade. Around age 10, I started helping my F4&*#"')%'*)$'$*/!+, I gently reminded George that it was getting late, and I had a very busy schedule with my patients &*#'%#G&'145@' -H#/":#@' 9#&'6$'8/>#'&/'I4"4%4$)@'8"#>4&)/%' $)&#' /F' 5/6"' !"#7)/6$' ()"&*+,' -2' *41' 4'relatively stable life at Cuttack. As a young >4%@' 2' &//3' /7#"' >5' F4&*#"J$' (6$)%#$$@' :/&'married, and became relatively prosperous. I was a regular devotee of the Cuttack Chandi. I made annual trips to the Car Festival of Lord K4:4%%4&*' 4&' L6")+,' 2' )%&#""6!&#1' *)>@' -H#/"ge, anyone can read about this and make a story out /F')&+,'-A"+'B/%C##@'9#&'>#'F)%)$*+'''M)&*'!"/$!#")&5'came greed. I became obsessed with money; it became my God, though I pretended that I was a great devotee of Jagannath. I went into money-lending business and charged exorbitant inter-ests. I hired local anti-socials to threaten the debtors. Apart from amassing money, I enjoyed having a power over the debtors. On the sur-face, I pretended that I was a devout Hindu. The rituals and festivals in my house in Maria Bazaar were celebrated with pomp. I would go around with folded hands to greet the guests. I would frequently utter the various names of Vishnu. When guests would complement me, I 0/691'4$8")(#'499'&*#'8"#1)&'&/'</"1'K4:4%%4&*+, -Heorge, do you mean to say that you were 9#41)%:' 4' 1/6(9#' 9)F#;,' -D/&' %#8#$$4")95@' 2' *41'convinced myself that I was a great devotee of Jagannath, Lord Shiva and the Goddess of Cuttack. Money making was just a part of life. Yes, I was aware on a certain level, of my greed

and the exploitation of people; but I believed that my sins were washed away daily with my devo-&)/%'4%1'7)$)&$'&/'&*#'&#>!9#$+,' -A/' 5/6' "#8499' 4%5' F##9)%:$' /F' :6)9&;'M#"#' 5/6'ashamed of yourself? It appears that you har-assed, exploited and threatened many, many F4>)9)#$+'A)1'5/6':#&'4%5'F##1(483'F"/>'/&*#"$;, -A"+'B/%C##@'/F'8/6"$#N' 2'04$'404"#' &*4&'!#/!9#'talked behind my back. In fact, I actively cultivat-ed shamelessness because only then could I do 4%5&*)%:+, -H#/":#@' $/' F4"' )&' )$' %ot much of a story. The world is full of such people. In summary, you were a shameless, sadistic, selfish and rich man; but more dangerous, because on the surface, you had all the pretensions of deep spirituality, and devotion. -A"+'B/%C##@' 5/6' 4"#':etting impatient. There is no summary or finality to such stories. In any event, let me come to the incident that turned my 9)F#'4"/6%1+, -2' 1)$&)%8&95' "#>#>(#"' &*4&' #7#%)%:@' 4' 7#"5'pleasant one in the month of October. I went to the temple of Cuttack Chandi to pray and partici-pate in the ceremonial ritual. On the way back home, I had to pass through a mango grove near a pond. It was a bit late, but I had walked alone on that path many times before. I heard foot-steps behind me. I thought perhaps other devotees were returning home from the temple. I looked behind and could see only a shadowy figure. After I entered the mango grove, that shadowy figure came just behind me. I heard a 7/)8#@' -B)"@' &*#'H/11#$$' *4$' 1)"#8&#1'>#' &/' 3)99'you tonight. She symbolizes the triumph of ://1'/7#"'#7)9+,'''2'$&4"&#1'&"#>(9)%:')%'4!!"#*#n-sion. I protested, saying that I was a staunch devotee of the Goddess. He said something like, -?/6"' 9483#5$' *47#' (##%' &*"#4&#%)%:' &/' 3)1%4!'my only child, aged 10, and to kill him if I do not pay you back the money I owe. My child, wife and I are living in a nightmare day and night. I too went to the Goddess this evening for guid-4%8#'4%1'$*#':47#'>#'&*)$'/"1#"+, -H#/":#@'1)1'*#'*47#'4%5'0#4!/%')%'*)$'*4%1;, -2'8/691'74:6#95'>4ke out an axe raised over his right shoulder. I prostrated myself on the ground; touched his feet crying, asking him to spare my

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life. I promised him huge sums of money. Then, I !"#$%$&"%'("%)$*+,"%-.%#"!$%)&/0#1"*23 45"/*6"7% 8% '-% )/**.% $/% +9$"**0:$% ./02% Am I to believe that you remember all these details from ./0*%:*";+/0)%#+!"<3%8%'),"1%+9=*"10#/0)#.2% 4>*2% ?/9@""7% 8% A/,"% +9% '% &/):+$'#% $&"% 9"($% 1'.2%%%You remember the huge hospital campus near Manglabagh of Cuttack. Luckily for me, the axe had missed my neck. That was in 1930. On recovery, I transferred all my business to my sons. I became a recluse; I gave up going to temples. One night I had a dream that I should go to Varanasi and wait there for Death, to attain Nirvana. My wife accompanied -"%$/%B'*'9')+23% 45"/*6"7% +)%$&+)%$&"%"91%/!%./0*%)$/*.<%C/0%1+"1%on the bank of the sacred river Ganges and were cremated. Thus, you attained salvation? But it seems you did not attain Nirvana, which is the end of the cycle of birth and rebirth and the -"*6+96% A+$&% $&"% D*'&-'923% 4>*2% ?/9@""7% +$%)""-)% $&'$%A'.23% % %E"%)-+#"1%'91%6';"%-"%&+)%phone number. In due time, this encounter with George faded from my memory until one day when I had a business lunch with a psychiatrist colleague at China Moon. I called George the same evening. A female voice answered the phone. I introduced myself and told her about my encounter with George. There was a moment of silence. F+9'##.7% )&"% )'+17% 4>*2% ?/9@""7% 8% '-% G'9"2%%%

George is my boyfriend. He left for India about a year ago, for the holy Hindu city of Varanasi. Just prior to his departure, he seemed obsessed with the idea that he had to go there to be an ascetic and die there to attain Nirvana. Dr. Sonjee, I love him and we were planning to get married. I let him go assuming that he would get over this craziness and return soon. So far, I have had no word from him. Dr. Sonjee, I am having nightmares about him being cremated on the banks of your Holy River Ganges in Varana-si. I am hearing his voice assuring me that he would be back. He had told me that in his previous life, he had lived in the city of Cuttack in Orissa and that he was a devotee of the God-dess Kali. Sometimes, I hear the voice of the Goddess and have visions of the Goddess cradling him, like a baby in her arms. Dr. Sonjee, you are a Brahmin, born into the priest class of the Hindus. Can you perform a ritual in San Francisco, to bring him back to me? Dr. Sonjee, on your next trip to India can you please stop in Varanasi, to search for him and persuade him to *"$0*9<3%

Translated by the author, Dr.!Prasanna Pati of Salem, Oregon is a retired Oregon State Hospi-tal psychiatrist. He is a regular contributor to OSA Souvenirs and is also an actor/consultant in !"#$ %&''()&&*$ +',--.+$ /01#$ 2'#)$ &3#4$ !"#$56+7&&8-$9#-!:$;.'<#*$.1$=,'#<

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The Adviser

Biswajit Mishra

I am so wealthy with the riches overflowing What do I do with it not really knowing. Heavy it is and so very gross Not sure if this is really green or just some moss. For I know not if there is room with anyone to take some from me As I brood day and night never thinking though to come out of it free. I sometimes believe there is none as generous as me Who can only give and never take a penny. Oh give, I sure do, unasked and unsought ever so If you have not tasted my treat pray come and take it now. Ever ready and willing I am with my donations day or night You will not find a provider as willing and ready at sight. Brimming with it to give away I am always fluent Does not matter if for the receiver it turns out effluent. With this wealth ready for distribution the large me romps like a buffoon !"#$%&%'($)*%+$(,%-*%-.%/0.*%1%.2133%2#%-$.-'#%1%large empty balloon. Always on the tide but never with an ebb Oozing out it is to be given with no need to rev. Oh! If I could find a way to turn its flow inward That would sure make me move forward; And give me the sight to see the beauty As ugliness lies in the eyes of the beholder at this sea. Friends, see how tricky is that little me and how zany With this poem too is trying to win points brownie.

McMaster Library, Hamilton April 19, 2011

Fragile

Devraj Sahu Months and years of peace Shatter like fallen glass Triggered by a freak wind, Irreversibly. Was the glass on edge Did the wind play tricks Or was it destiny Or fragility? Did peace dwell in the glass Did chaos reside in the wind Or complexity bring confusion Or breaking rejuvenate life? Peace reappears New glass shines Wind blows In the calm before the storm. Days and nights roll Autumns and winters pass Searching for tenderness To find fragility along the way.

Dr. Devaraj Sahu lives in North Potomac, MD. He played for Berhampur University in the East-ern Zone and Inter-zone basketball tournaments. He represented Orissa in basketball Nationals. He was a lecturer in the Post Graduate Depart-ment of Physics of Berhampur University. His PhD is in theoretical condensed matter physics from Michigan State University. He is a satellite engineer with SES-Americom in McLean, Virginia.

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!""#$%$&'"'()*+

Yasodhara Mishra

Finishing his tea Vikram put down the cup on the table. Turning to Shivprasad he said, "Leave your newspaper alone and think of something !"##"$% #&%'&()%*&&+,-.%/#% #0"%1ky added, "These "2"-,-.1%1""3%-"2"$%"-',-.%0"$"(%456##,-.%/7/8%his newspaper, Shivprasad replied in between gulps of tea "You have to read this three-day-old paper as though it was a detective novel. What "91"% :/-% 8&6% '&% ,-% #0,1% ;6-.9"<% #"99% 3"=)% >0"8%were sitting in the verandah of the forest dak bungalow which dated back to the good old days. Vikram Sharma had newly been posted here as a tehsildar while Shivprasad, an official in the Forest Department, had been in this area for the last three years. The verandah faced a bedraggled garden patch and beyond it ran a narrow paved road which had been constructed a few years earlier from one end of the small town to the other, in honour of a visiting minister of the state. At that time the dak bungalow had also been given a face-lift with new curtains and furniture. Lachmanpur was a remote non-descript moffusil town. Originally, a small tribal principality of Chhattisgarh, it was later made the tehsil head-quarters. It still remained almost a village; only once in a while a gust of city breeze passed over it. On the road through the middle of the town, tribal girls, their hair plaited with red and blue ribbons walked past in groups, singing in their high pitched voice, wearing bright saris and short cholis(%?,#0%/$31%/$&6-'%"/:0%&#0"$@1%7/,1#1%/-'%shoulders they looked like garlands of long-stalked rangni flowers. Men going to the weekly market with their head loads walked along the road in a file, as though still walking on field abutments. His quarters being under repair since the past month, Vikram had been staying in the dak bungalow. During this period he had gained a A/,$% /:B6/,-#/-:"%7,#0% */:03/-C6$@1% 1&:,/9% 9,A"(%He had seen that other government servants had also come to Lachhmanpur against their wishes, leaving families behind. Like him everyone else was pulling all their strings to be posted to a bigger place. Come evening, most of them would

gather around the card tables in the one-room club house. Till 10 or so in the night, the club-house resounded with their talk and laughter. In between there were short lulls when their atten-tion would be focused on their cards, when all that could be heard was the hissing of the petromax lamp nearby and the howling of the jackals in the distance. The government quarters had been fitted with electric lights and fans but the power was supplied only for 3 hours in the evening by a diesel generator. Then the street lights would suddenly come on, dim and winking like hurricane lanterns. In the dak bungalow and the club-house the hundred watt bulbs would light up like fifteen watt ones and the fans moved fitfully as if propelled by gusts of wind. The nearest town was 36 miles away, connected by a kutcha road with two shallow streams enroute, with no bridges over them. Every year before winter a makeshift road would be made right through the river bed, and after summer it would get washed away by the monsoon rains. After that, communication to the town was cut off and all traffic more or less ceased. D0,2C$/1/'% 7/1% .61#,98% -/$$/#,-.% 0,1% 9/1#% 8"/$@1%experience of shikar. After coming here most of the handful of government officials bought guns and took to the new hobby of hunting. Young new-comers to the place like Vikram Sharma were naturally fired by this desire on hearing the exploits of others. As for Shivprasad, the listen-ers were obliged with ever new stories of his jungle exploits each time he got into narrating one. This one went something like this: One night he was passing through a steep ghat road in a jeep when all of a sudden came into his view, a full sized tiger, sauntering majestically down the craggy hill side. The jeep, already slow because of the narrow winding roads, slowed down further and its headlights fell full on the menacingly magnificent animal leisurely crossing the road. The game, teasing the hunter in him from so close, was impossible to let go of. Shivprasad picked up his rifle and gesturing the driver to brake, took aim at the tiger. Just as he fired, the animal seemed to freeze for a fraction

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of a second and then sprang into the dense thicket, disappearing down the hill side. Next moment, its wild roar from the forest below meant that the bullet had injured the tiger, but not fatally. Shivprasad knew from past experi-ence that at such times it is best to leave the spot quickly. His jeep had traveled only some distance when at a sharp turn of the road he saw two eyes, smouldering like live coal from behind a high rock. On his left was a deep gorge shrouded in darkness. Luckily for him Shivpra-sad had taken over from the driver by now. Just as he pressed the accelerator the tiger leaped from the rock and he heard it land on the road behind as they sped away. Sweat broke out on !"#$%&'(')*(+,-)./+ 01+"')+2-1+)&#3)+4"32+'1+ 1"3+next turning he again saw two bright eyes glaring at him from atop a boulder. That night Shivpra-sad had to face the tiger four times and had got away unscathed through his sheer driving skills. And such was his narrative skill that Vikram listened to him with bated breath. At the end his joints felt like they had been welded together. Bringing his breathing to normal Vikram stretched his limbs, sprawled in the chair and ordered two more cups of tea. 56-7+ -28.+ 92-4+ "-4+ 1-+ (%#2+ .'&2(:;+ "3+ ('#)+ 1-+Shivprasad. "When are you going to fix a shikar

trip, like you promised? And yes, what about my gun? You told me that you would make enquir-ies." Shivprasad was silent for a while. Then he said, "I had thought of getting you a gun from the Raja Saheb. He is a stiff funny fellow. Why not <-+ 1-+ "#=+%3&(-2'88.>+ "3*88+ ?338+ ?8'113&3)/+ @-1(+-?+%3-%83+"'$3+%7&A"'(3)+<72(+?&-=+"#=/; The next day Vikram sent word to the Raja Saheb and in the evening after his office he started for the palace. From a distance he could see the vast boundary of the palace, long stretches of mud walls with narrow tiled roofs, overtaken by weeds at places. The palace itself hardly looked more than a cluster of decrepit houses; most of its earthen portions already reduced to rubble. Only the middle concrete part still held its ground, resolute and obstinate like a soldier long after the battle was over. The path to the main palace gate looked dusty and forlorn, littered with cow dung and dry leaves. Standing at the half shut gate, Vikram looked around, wondering about his next step. Before long the gate door opened further and a middle-

aged man in a red shirt and turban emerged from behind, a biri between his lips. He seemed to size Vikram up, eyeing him from head to toe. Then sitting down right there on the door sill he resumed his smoking. For a moment Vikram thought this man must know who he was, the most important government official around the place. But on second thoughts approaching the ='2+"3+'(93):+BC'D'+!'"3,+ #(+3E%3A1#2<+=3/+ 0(+"3+ #2F;+ G"3+ ='2+ )#)+ 2-1+ (-+ =7A"+ '(+ (1#&/+ H#(+answer came through twirls of biri smoke, "He "'(+<-23+-71+"721#2</; "Hunting? All by himself?" "No, Rani Saheba has accompanied him." Vikram felt like giving a blow to this impudent fool. That would show him who he was. As if reading his mind the man blinked his watery eyes and said in a bland voice, "It appears you are new to this place. I don*1+ 1"#29+ 0+ "'$3+ (332+you before." Vikram looked around, wondering whether to wait or leave. "Gone for hunting in this broad daylight?" he asked. "When is he likely to return anyway?" "He will return in good time." The man got up abruptly as if he remembered something, stub-bing out his biri he tucked it behind his ear, called out to someone and started running towards the road. Following him with his eyes Vikram saw a big herd of cows returning home at dusk; must belong to palace, he thought. Still running the man shouted over his shoulder, 5!'"3,I+C'D'+!'',+#(+,'A9;/ Vikram looked into the distance in the hope of spotting a vehicle. Through the cloud of dust raised by cow hoofs and tainted orange by the setting sun, he saw a bicycle slowly emerging. As the scene shifted closer, he saw a tall, gaunt man riding the cycle, a gun resting on his shoul-der and a dead duck dangling from the handle. Sitting behind the rider was a woman, discernible by her sari. As the cycle came close to the gate the pillion rider jumped off with alacrity. The rider wiped his face with a handkerchief and called out BH3.:+ sala Ramu, where are you? Take this cycle, you rogue!" A youth in a red shirt and turban, Ramu to be sure, came running from 2-4"3&3:+ '2)+ 4#1"+ '+ %-8#13+ BJ#+ "7K--&I;+ 1--9+charge of the bicycle.

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Getting over his surprise, Vikram drew near the man and said, "I presume you are the Raja !"#$%& '(& )#*+& ,"-".$/0& 1$& 2"+& "& +-*3& 3"4&around thirty, with a lean and longish face, wearing jeans and a shirt of the latest style. Removing his dark glasses he asked in an unmistakably well-accented English, "May I know 2#'3& 5& "3& )"-6*47& )'80& 9*6:"3& *4):';<.$;&himself to the Raja who seemed to know his European manners to a nicety. After a stiff yet warm welcome Vikram was lead into the palace. In the meanwhile the Rani Saheba had disap-peared into the inner quarters. In spite of her fashionable synthetic sari it was quite evident that she had a local tribal background, with her roundish blunt features and the blue-black tattoo marks on her chin and nose. Inside, the palace seemed to belong to a differ-ent time, with its high tiled roofs and polished wooden beams. Plaster had peeled off the walls and fissures ran along like streaks of lightening. A wide verandah with rooms behind surrounded the huge courtyard. A few menials in red shirts and turbans were seen leisurely going about their business. A big door opened into an inner courtyard. Suddenly an angry female voice pierced the calm and Vikram saw a woman framed by the doorway. The sight of a man in a dress suit seemed to freeze her for a moment and then she turned back and disappeared. What was there in the inner courtyard, Vikram wondered, a harem of tribal women under thatched roofs? On the high verandah walls rows of stuffed stag and wild buffalo heads looked down at him, their skins covered with dust and cracks of long neglect. The drawing room was opened. The once rich sofa sets had their soiled seats sunk into hollows. The walls had all sizes of heavily framed photographs with an odd oil painting or two thrown in between, taxidermi-ed heads of stags, leopards, and royal Bengal tigers and intricately carved doors. Tea came after a while, a simple affair without paraphernalia. Raja Saheb sipped his tea gravely. His complexion must have been fair once, now sun burnt to a dull copper. The haircut was in the latest fashion though his clothes looked unkempt. Drinking had made his brown eyes take on a red hue, deeper at the rims as though he had applied some special kohl. Since the Raja showed no signs of starting a conversa-

)*'4&9*6:"3&%:'6$&)#$&*.$/&=>'<&+$$3&)'&%$&?$:@&('4;&'(&#<4)*470A&#$&+"*;A&=B*;&@'<&#<4)&"--&)#$+$&"4*3"-+80& C#$& :*7*;*)@& '4& )#$& D"E"F+& (".$& ;*s-solved into a soft smile. =G'A&3'+)&'(&)#$&#<4)*47&2"+&;'4$&%@&3@&(")#$:&"4;&3@&7:"4;(")#$:0& #$& :$,-*$;/& =H@& (")#$:&2"+&renowned for his hunting. He used to travel to far off places in search of game, had single handed--@&6*--$;&'4$&#<4;:$;&"4;&)#*:)@&)*7$:+/0& =I<)&@'<& )''&+$$3&)'&%$&$J<"--@& ('4;&'(&shikar. Even today you had g'4$&'<)&#<4)*47&5&)#*46/0 Vikram realized his mistake. The smile on the D"E"F+&(".$&(";$;/&1*+&$@$+&'4&#*+&.<,&'(&)$"A&#$&:$,-*$;&2*)#&64*))$;&%:'2+& =5&;'&#<4)&"& -*))-$A0&#$&+"*;A& =E<+)& )'&6*--& )*3$/0& =K4;&@'<&3<+)&%$&"2":$&that hunting has been banned now/0& & 9*6:"3&searched his mind for some new topic that would suit this Raja. This was no place to talk about ,$))@& %<+*4$++& :*7#)& "2"@/& =5& #"?$& #$":;& "& -')&"%'<)&@'<:&(")#$:0A&#$&+"*;A&=%<)&5&;'4F)&)#*46&@'<&2'<-;&:$3$3%$:&@'<:&+)")$&;"@+/0 Raja Saheb raised his eyes from the cup as if to assess the words. The line between his eye-brows vanished and the relaxed smile returned to his face. He got up to introduce his ancestors in the photographs and elaborate on the trophies with historical details. He resumed his seat, his eyes on the pigeons on the moss covered tiled roof in the evening sun and ruminated about his childhood; about his days in the famous Rajku-mar College of Raipur, an exclusive school for princely families; about how he missed his that and his ,:*4.*,"-&2#'&2"+&"& L;"34&+3":)&.#",FA&"4;&"-+'&#*+&)<)':&2#'&2"+&L"&:$"-&7$4*<+F& *4&#*+&knowledge of cocktails. It was this man who taught him a few tricks of shikar. Raja Saheb had not been to his old school in sometime. But how could he? His dad sold off his two limousines while he was still alive. The pigeons were no longer there on the faded tiles. The red sunlight had also disappeared and the dark evening was descending over the palace. His patience running, Vikram tried to get back to his mission, but Raja Saheb went back )'&#*+&*--<+):*'<+&"4.$+):@/&=H@&(")#$:-in-law, Veer Gangadhar Sai was the most illustrious Raja of M##"))*+7":#& "4;& "& ("3'<+& #<4)$:0& #$& +"*;A& =5&"3&+<:$&@'<&#"?$&#$":;&#*+&4"3$/0

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The mention of father-in-!"#$%&'()*+$+'$,-.&"/01$mi23$ +*4$ 5"2-$ '2$ 5"6"$ 7"*4%01$ 898!4:$ ;4$ "!1'$recalled someone telling him that when Raja Saheb was very young his father, the old Raja had arranged his marriage with the princess of 7"&"2)"&*:$ <9$ +*4$ +-/4$ '=$ +*-1$ 5"6"01$ #433-2)$the old Raja had already fallen into bad times, ailing with consumption and his state gone. Shortly after his death the daughter-in-law went %"8.$ +'$ *4&$ >"&42+01$ >!"84$ "23$ 24?4&$ &4+(&243:$The young Raja never visited his in-laws. When the Raja paused Vikram seized the opportune momen+:$@A'($.2'#$5"6"$7"*4%B$C$"/$also very fond of shikar. B(+$ C$3'20+$*"?4$"$)(2:$C0/$+'!3$9'($*"?4$!'+1$'=$)(21$9'($3'20+$(14$"23$#'(!320+$/-23$ 3-1>'1-2)$ '=:$ C=$ 9'($ 8'(!3$ >!4"14$1>"&4$ '24$ ='&$/4$ :::D$ E?42$ -2$ +*"+$ 3-/$ !-)*+$ +*4$1(3342$ .4422411$ -2$ 5"6"$ 7"*4%0s eyes was unmistakable, though his manners remained casual and disinterested. After a suitable pause, *4$8!4"&43$*-1$+*&'"+$"23$1"-3F$@C=$9'($2443$"$)(2$I am can spare one for you. It will be my pleas-(&4F$-2$="8+:D$G*42$*4$)'+$(>$"23$>4&1'2"!!9$#42+$in to fetch a gun. When the gun was removed from its case, Vikram was overtaken by surprise and disappointment. It was an old gun showing signs of disuse and rust. Vikram took the gun and examined it half-*4"&+43!9:$ @H'20+$ 9'($*"?4$"29$'+*4&$)(2ID$*4$"1.43$"+$ !"1+:$ @C$/4"2$ -+01$"$gun of the old vintage; the cartridges may not be "?"-!"%!4$4"1-!9:D$J-+*'(+$%"++-2)$"2$494!-3F$5"6"$7"*4%$1"-3F$ @K'$ C0/$1'&&9F$ C$ 3'20+$ *"?4$"2'+*4&$gun. People took them away. After the merger of our state we had no use for these and my father just gave away many. You know it is not easy to get a license these days; so I disposed of my =-&4"&/1:D Vikram put the gun back with a sigh, but before it could touch the table Raja Saheb picked it up and started showing its parts and explaining their =-24$>'-2+1$+'$,-.&"/:$@C2$+*-1$3-/$!-)*+$-+$3'41$2'+$1*'#$+'$"3?"2+")4DF$*4$1"-3F$@%(+$+*4$="8+$-1$+*-1$-1$(2-L(4:$A'($#'20+$%4$"%!4$+'$)4+$"$)(2$'=$+*-1$type anywhere now. As for the cartridges, you 8"2$ )4+$ +*4/$ =&'/$ M"!8(++":$ C0!!$ )-?4$ 9'($ +*4$fi&/01$ "33&411:D$ ;4"&+4243$ %9$ 5"6"$ 7"*4%01$42+*(1-"1/F$,-.&"/$1"-3$@C=$9'($3'20+$/-23F$#*"+$"%'(+$ +*4$)(2$9'($#4&4$ 8"&&9-2)$ +*-1$4?42-2)ID$5"6"$7"*4%01$)(1+'$144/43$+'$3&9$(>$1(3342!9:$The wooden frown returned to his face. Resting his back against the sofa *4$ 1"-3$ >'!-+4!9$ @G*"+$

gun has been with me for ages. There is no L(41+-'2$ '=$ /9$ >"&+-2)$ #-+*$ -+:D$ ,-.&"/$ &4"!-N43$+*"+$ *4$ *"3$ +&'3342$ '2$ +*4$ 5"6"01$ =''+$ ")"-2:$There seemed to be some unseen boundaries of +*4$5"6"01$ 14!=$ &41>48+$#*-8*$ *4$/(1+$ 2'+$ +&4s-pass:$ @C0/$ 1'&&9F$ C$ 3-320+$ .2'#DF$ ,-.&"/$ ">'!o-gized. As he was turning over the old gun in his hands an idea occurred to him. This gun could pass for an antique. If he could get it cheap perhaps 1'/4$3"9$*4$#'(!3$)4+$"$)''3$>&-84$='&$-+:$@J4!!F$C$ +*-2.$ C0!!$ %(9$ -+$ "=+4&$ "!!DF$ *4$ 1"-3$ >'!-+4!9:$ @C$1(>>'14$#4$8'(!3$348-34$"%'(+$ -+$ &-)*+$"#"9OC$/4"2$+*4$>&-84:D$J-+*'(+$%4"+-2)$"%'(+$+*4$%(1*F$+*4$ 5"6"$ "1.43$ 1+&"-)*+F$ @;'#$ /(8*$ "&4$ 9'($+*-2.-2)$ '=$ >"9-2)ID$5"6"$7"*4%01$ %(1-2411-like "++-+(34$/"34$+*-2)1$4"1-4&$:$@5"6"$7"*4%F$-+01$"2$'!3$)(2$"23$9'($8"2$144$-+$8"20+$=4+8*$9'($"$*-)*$>&-84:$C$8"20+$'==4&$9'($/'&4$+*"2$=-?4:D @E-)*+:$J4!!F$/".4$-+$4-)*+:D Vikram thought eight hundred was not much for this gun. Besides, he did not feel good about haggling with the scion from royalty. @J4!!F$/"9$C$+".4$"#"9$+*4$)(2$+*42I$C$#'(!3$!-.4$to have some cartridges so I can try the gun first. C=$ 4?4&9+*-2)$ -1$ "!&-)*+F$ C0!!$ 1423$ 9'($ +*4$ /'249$+'/'&&'#F$4-)*+$*(23&43:D Raja Saheb was getting up from his sofa, and stopped midw"9:$ @E-)*+$;(23&43ID$*4$1"+$%"8.:$@J*"+$"&4$9'($1"9-2)I$C$*"3$/4"2+$4-)*+$)&"23:$ E-)*+$+*'(1"23PD Vikram looked stunned, but broke into a smile +*4$ 24Q+$ /'/42+:$ @A'($ /4"2$ 4-)*+$ +*'(1"23$&(>441$ ='&$ +*-1$ '%1'!4+4$ #4">'2ID$ ;4$ 1+"&+43$laughing deliberately. @J4!!F$ !4+$ -+$ &4/"-2$ #-+*$9'(FD$*4$1"-3:$@R29#"9$'24$8"20+$)'$'(+$*(2+-2)$with this gun of Sepoy Mutiny vintage. I was thinking of keeping this old thing just for fun. But I see no point in paying eight thousand rupees ='&$-+:$C0/$1'&&9F$5"6"$7"*4%:D$5"6" Saheb looked as though he had an iron mask for a face. He got (>$"23$1"-3$-2$"$8"!/$?'-84F$@C+01$"!!$&-)*+:$C2$="8+$C$was in no mood to part with it, but since you #4&4$1'$.442$"%'(+$-+$C$+*'()*+OD

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The next day while Vikram was changing his clothes after returning from office, his peon !""#$"%&'() *+,-() ./&) 0!1!) +!/&2) ,3) /&-&45) 6&)saw a mixed expression of respect and levity for 0!1!) +!/&2) #") ./&) 7&#"83) 9!%&() !") !..,.$'&) /&)had seen in many of the locals for their ex-king. 0!1!)+!/&2)3!,'()*:);!3)7!33,"<)2=)!"')./#$</.):);#$>') '-#7) ,") 9#-) !) ?#?&".4) *+#) ",%&) #9) =#$5)@,A-!?) 3!,'() *7>&!3&) 3,.) '#;"45) B9) %#$-3&)everyone knew too well that Raja Saheb was not the type to call on others to make friends and socialize. He lived his days wearing an imaginary garb of a king. Perhaps he believed royalty to be his birthright, even though he never actually was a king. He was like a caricature of a king. He could barely keep up the consciously worn image which slipped off his face at unguarded ?#?&".3() >,A&) !) %/&!7) %/,>'-&"83) ?!3A) ;#-"4)The poor Raja seemed to remember his mask all of a sudden and lifted it from his neck to fit on the face again. After tea and the usual topics of the weather and the radio news Raja Sa/&2)3!,'()*C/&);,"'),3)!)2,.) %/,>>=) /&-&() >&.83) ?#D&) ,"3,'&() ,9) =#$) '#"8.)mind. Vikram could guess that the two peons, eyeing them, whispering and sniggering a little distance away, were responsible for this move. Settling down in a chair, the Raja said in his 3.=>,3/)!%%&".&')E"<>,3/() *C#)2&)3$-&() ,.);!3)9!-)from my intention last evening to disappoint you. :) /#7&) =#$) /!D&) "#.) .!A&")?&) !?,3345) *B/) "#()"#.)!.)!>>4)F/=)3/#$>'):).!A&)=#$)!?,33G5)@,A-!?)tried to read his mind. Suddenly he felt mellowed towards ./,3) &%%&".-,%) !"') /&>7>&33)0!1!4) *0!1!)Saheb, after all you are the scion of a royal 9!?,>=(5)@,A-!?)3!,');,./)&H.-!)7#>,.&"&334)*E,</.)thousand rupees may mean nothing to you, but it is a huge lot of money for a man like me. I just %!"8.) !99#-') ,.45) 0!1a Saheb leaned forward and 3!,') ,") !") &!-"&3.) .#"&() *I$.) =#$) /!') >,A&') ./&)<$"() ','"8.) =#$G) J"') =#$);!".&') .#) 2$=) ,.) .##4)Then you have things your way. Keep the gun. It ;,>>)#">=)-$3.)!.)?=)7>!%&45)@,A-!?);!3)!.)!)>#33)for an answer. He tried to fathom what this man wanted to tell him. Raja Saheb pressed home ./&)7#,".),")!")!?,!2>&).#"&4)*K#$)3&&()=#$)/!D&)come here, to my state, as a government official. And I have not been able to do any thing for =#$(5)/&)3!,'4)*:")./&).,?&3)#9)?=)9!./&-)!"')?=)grandfather you would have been our state <$&3.45) @,A-!?) %#"1$-&') $7) ./&) D,3,#") #9) 0!1!)+!/&283) 9!./&-) #-) <-!"'9!./&-() ;,./) >##A3) #9) !)

formidable fairy tale king, talking to a humble functionary of the government like himself. Raja Saheb got up from his chair. *:8>>)3&"')=#$)the gun today. I know you had taken a fancy to it. Yesterday after you left I felt so low. It was such a small thing you wanted and I could not offer it .#) =#$45) @,A-!?) ;!3) #D&-.!A&") 2=) !) 3.-!"<&)sympathy that almost hurt. But while going out to 3&&)/,?)#99()./&)0!1!83)9!%&);!3)2!-&>=)D,3,2>&),")the dark, and a bizarre urge came from nowhere to titillate him, throttling his sympathy and waking up a long sedate childish prankishness. As a child he had read all sorts of stories about kings and princes. A poor Brahmin once picked up %#$-!<&)!"');&".).#)./&)E?7&-#-83)7!>!%&).#).-=)his fortune. In such a story Vikram could only identify himself with the poor Brahmin. On this L$,&.) &D&","<) ,9) #">=) @,A-!?83) %/,>'/##') ;#$>')return for a moment! A real 0!1!83)3#")/!')%#?&)to him, asking him a favour, begging almost. F&,</,"<)/,3);#-'3)%!-&9$>>=()@,A-!?)3!,')*M##A():8D&) ./#$</.)#D&-) ./&)?!..&-)!<!,"4)K&3.&-'!=) ,")my enthusiasm I did not consider certain things. On my meager salary I have to look after my family. Even eight hundred rupees is a little too ?$%/)9#-)?&4):9),.)%#$>')2&)9,D&)/$"'-&'))4445)0!1!)+!/&283)9!%&);!3)"#.)%>&!->=)D,3,2>&) ,") ./&)'!-A4)I$.)/&)-&7>,&'),")/,3)$3$!>)%!>?)D#,%&()*K#$)?!=)<,D&) ?&) ;/!.&D&-) =#$) %!-&) .#4) N#"8t let the amount bother you any?#-&4):8?)3#--=):8?)"#.),")!)7#3,.,#").#)?!A&)!)<,9.)#9),.).#)=#$4)O##')",</.45 Soon after a man in a red shirt and turban 2-#$</.) /,?) ./&) <$") ,") L$&3.,#"() *:.) /!3) 2&&")%>&!"&') !"') #,>&'5) ./&) ?!") 3!,'4) *0!1!) +!/&2)has sent some cartridges also along with the <$"45):")>&33)./!")!")/#$-)!9.&-)@,A-!?)/!')2&&")3,..,"<) ./&-&) !>>) !>#"&() /&) /&!-') 6!-,3/)O$7.!83)squeaky voice traveling up to the veranda in the '!-A4) *P!?!3.&() +!!2() 6#;) %#?&) =#$) /!D&"8.)<#"&) .#) ./&) %>$2) .#'!=G5) J3) !>;!=3) @,A-!?83)response was lukewarm towards this local businessman/politician. Gupta sat down in the !'1#,","<) %/!,-4) *+#) ./,3) ,3) ./&) <$") =#$) 7$r-%/!3&')9-#?)0!1!)+!/&2G5)/&)3!,')>##A,"<)!.)./&)<$"4)@,A-!?)"#''&'4) *:) -!") ,".#)0!1!)+!/&2)#")?=) ;!=) .#) ./&) %>$245) O$7.!83) D#,%&) ;as more ;!-?)!"')%#"9,'&".,!>) ./,3) .,?&4) *I$.)/#;)%#$>')3#?&#"&)>,A&)=#$)<&.)'$7&')>,A&)./,3()3,-G5) Vikram refused to let himself get persuaded into any conversation on this topic, and getting up 9-#?)/,3)%/!,-)3!,'()*:);!3)1$3.)!2#$.).#)<#).#)./&)

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club. A!"#$%&#'%()*+,-#.)/!0(#/*"1#2302#4&520#knew Raja Saheb well and on occasions they even went together on shikar6# 78302# !09'0:# %;# 0#Raja dared to cheat you sir? Took eight thou-90*<# !&5""9=#>%!# 23)9# !%22"*# !&92$# 23)*+,-# 7?)+32#23%&90*<,# @3%# 2%:<# $%&# 2302,-# .)kram asked, &*0A:"# 2%# <%<+"# 3)(# 23)9# 2)("6# 7@3$B# 2302#C0D0#3)(9":;# 2%:<# ("B-# 4&520# 90)<B# 723"# ;"::%1# %1"9#("#9%("#(%*"$B#$%&#9""6-#7E2!0*+"=#@"#9"22:"<#down for five hundred rupees only half an hour 0+%6# F9# 3"# !"0::$# '!0G$,-# @)23%&2# '%(("*2)*+#this time on .)/!0(H9#:092#I&"!$B#4&520#+0J"#3)9#full consent on the price of the gun. Banging his ;)92#%*#23"#20A:"#3"#90)<B#7C)+32#9)!=#K%*H2#50$#3)(#a paisa more than five hundred. You want to buy )2#;%!#;&*B#<%*H2#$%&,#F*;"'2# 23)9#%*"#)9#D&92#9'!05#and will be of no use. Earlier people have taken away such good guns from him, at throw away prices. He usually starts with ten thousand rupees. The thing is, when he gets fed up with country liquor and wants a drop of scotch, he sells some knick-knack from his palace. Any customer would do. And once he decides on his foreign liquor you can buy anything from him, D&92#92)'/#2%#$%&!#5!)'"6- A few days later Vikram was returning from an "J"*)*+#92!%::#13"*#3"#901#C0D0#E03"AH9# :0*/$#form in the bungalow- veranda. He was a little more spruced up than usual. After the formalities

Raja Saheb said, with his bland mimicry of a 9():"# %*# 3)9# )*9'!&20A:"# ;0'"B# 7L%&:<# F# 30J"# 0#1%!<#1)23#$%&B#%*#9%("23)*+#&!+"*26-#.)/!0(#<)<#*%2# I&)2"# ;"":# 02# "09"# *%1# )*# 23)9# (0*H9# +!)(#presence. Loo/)*+# 02# 3)9# 102'3# 3"# 90)<B# 7E&!"6#4%#03"0<#5:"09"6-#C0D0#E03"A#92%%<#9):"*2#;%!#0#13):"# 09# );# +!%5)*+# ;%!#1%!<96# 7FH(# 9%!!$# F# '%&:<#*%2# %;;"!# $%&# 23"#+&*#09#0#+);2-B# 3"# 90)<#02# :0926#7F2H9# )*<""<#0#(022"!#%;#930("#;%!#("6#M&2#1302#give and take we had, out of regard for each %23"!B# );# 23"# ;0'29# '%&:<# !"(0)*# A"21""*# &9#N-#The Raja hung on to a polite smile on his lips, but the rest of his face seemed oblivious of it. Unable to get the hang of things Vikram kept 9):"*26# 783"# +"*&)*"# 5!)'"# %;#($# +&*# )9# *%2# ;)Je 3&*<!"<#A&2#")+32#23%&90*<#!&5""96-#C0D0#E03"A#said. His lips looked as though it were unable to '0!!$#23"#1")+32#%;#3)9#9():"6#7O%&#'0*H2#<"*$#9)!B#that the price of my gun is eight thousand rupees. Not five hundred. You may tell everyone if you must, that you have purchased the gun. M&2#9)!B#)29#5!)'"#)9#")+32#23%&90*<6- 83"# 3&(A:"# 055"0:# )*# 23"#C0D0H9# J%)'"#(0<"# )2#impossible for Vikram to want to hurt his feelings. At the gate he warmly shook hands with the Raja 09# );# 23"$# 1"!"# %:<# ;!)"*<96# 7E%("2)(es I say 23)*+9#&*23)*/)*+:$B-#3"#90)<#7A&2#!"92#099&!"<B#FH::#2"::#23"(#2302#23)9#+&*#)9#0#+);2#;!%(#$%&6-

Translated by the author, Dr. Yashodhara Mishra is a well-known figure in Odia literature in India, winner of major Odia literature awards including the famous Sahitya Academy and Katha. Her present !"#$%&'%&"(&)*+,+-+(.'&/"0+0+1-+2&+(.&34+5'6'7+(+8)&9&5:#$55'(;&1-:<:&'(&-:5&="50&'%&1-:&#"(.'1'"(&"!&the Indian woman, as she cleverly subverts well-known and popular characters and plots to celebrate the female force. Her collection of stories Muhansanja came out in 2009.

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Waiting for that touch with love

Arjun Purohit

When my Mother and I were one We were one bundle of joy and wonder

Wonderful? She said with love Leave for a while and come back

And see how even more wonderful it will be !

Before I knew it I morphed into an existence

Sleepwalking through births and deaths Peaks and valleys of joy and sorrow

Showered with thousand roses Stung by thousand arrows

"

Now I want to be back with my Mother And melt unto Her and feel the same joy

and wonder But how and who will show me the way

And release me from this prison of endless time !

Shall I race around aimlessly among the stars

Like a meteor unhinged from its course Or keep waiting as a jilted woman

Forever looking through the window For the lover who never comes

"

Shall I wait as a Mantra* Scripted and covered by musty pages of a

scripture To dawn in the mind of a sage And be released into a chant

!

Shall I remain hidden in a cave of a mountain

Like a Terma until a Terton finds me** And ignites minds of the seekers

To dispel the darkness of a thousand years

Shall I sleep as a blueprint of a banyan in a seed

Until I wake to the touch of summer rain Or like Ahalya I go to the bend of a river

Lie like a stone with all my dreams of love frozen

And wait and wait and wait For the gentle and beatific smile

And the touch of grace of my Mother To wake up in Her arms and be home

"!

* Lipibaddha Mantra **When profound insights are revealed in deep meditation to the Tibetan Lamas, they are written down and kept hidden in caves and minds if the Lamas feel that contemporaries are not ready for such insight. Such scriptures (Termas) are discovered by Lamas (Tertons) a few generations later from the caves or through meditation if hidden in minds. Such Tertons are usually previous incarnations of Lamas who hid the Termas.

Dr. Arjun Purohit, a founding member of the OSA lives in Kingston, Ontario, with his wife Padmini.

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Silent witness

Arjun Purohit I have known for years that there are all kinds of interesting features in the reservoir of the Hirakud Dam. Among these are some sub-merged temples, which often create problems for the boaters and some that are visible over the water. So when Dr. Tarini Panda, my old student by proxy, suggested to me to have a look at them when I visited Sambalpur a couple of years ago, I jumped at the chance. He took me on his scooter to the Jamadaar Pali Ghat from where we took a boat which took us across the reser-voir to Lakhan Pur Block. It was a motor boat capable of taking about 40 people but had no roof or proper seats. I managed to find a place to sit near a little girl, about 5 years old on the flat bar, one of many along the width of the boat. Tarini had to stand for the whole trip, which took about an hour. About 15 motorcycles and scooters besides the 30 people boarded the boat. Apparently, there was some kind of an Adivashi festival on Gunja Parbat, a rather tall hill with a majestic triangular top which you could see across the waters. The crowd was in a festive mood with lots of chatter and laughter in anticipa-tion of the merry-making in the festival. Some 20 minutes after we started, the anticipat-ed temple came into our sight. Suddenly the chatter and laughter ceased, and the eyes of the whole crowd except that of the girl beside me were turned on the temple, which I estimated to be about 25 feet over the water. The mood became reverent and some folded their hands in Juhar. I simply could not control my tears to the curious amazement of the little girl who contin-ued staring at me. I must confess that I am given to tears rather easily. I cry at the movies and when I watch the Ramayan and the Mahabharat. When Sita gets abducted, I cry. When Du-shasana tries to disrobe Draupadi in front of the Pandava and Kau-rava elders, I cry. But the sight of a half-submerged temple was a really special thing and kicked up all kinds of memo-ries, ones that had been dormant for years like the sediments at the bottom of a lake. After all this was the temple of Rampella! This is the village where my cousin, Nagara Nani went

as a bride. This is where my Badkhama (wife of !"#$%&'()*+#(,-()#.)/&'()0#1%!(#$)/!2#3#45(6#/$#%#host of relatives from this once, large prosperous village. Ram-pella was one of the 294 villages which went under water for the Hirakud Dam. These were very prosperous villages and were known to be the Bhata Handi (rice bowl) of the district because of the fertility of the land. The old royalties of Sambalpur came from the area. Veer Surendra Sai fought with the British around the area. Though our family never lived in the Budi Anchal (submerged area), we owned lands in a village called Basantpur, which went under and for which we never got compensated. The submerged temple began to flood my mind with all kinds of associated memories. The first time I was aware of the Hirakud Dam was when I was a 7th grader in Borasambar, Padampur, where my father was working as a minor civil servant. I saw Harekrushna Mahatab for the first time ever and for the last time, except in photo-graphs. He along with Ranjit Singh Bariha, cousin of the then Jamindar of Padampur and a fresh returnee from England, gave lectures to town people on the steps of the local temple. They spoke of the good stuff about the future Hirakud Dam. I also saw lot of folks protest-ing against the Dam. When I came back home, I found my house swarming with people from Sambalpur and my mother hastily cooking dinner for all of them who had come to be a part of the protests. Cou-ple of months later when I visited my ma-mughar in Sambalpur, I found the whole town in turmoil. Thousands of people were shouting all kinds of slogans and were marching on the main road. There were large meetings near the Mahanadi bank, and police were everywhere. Later that evening I learnt that, Dr. Janardan Pujari and his wife were arrested and taken to the jail. Dr. Pujari was a revered per-sonality of Sambalpur and was literally wor-shipped as a saintly figure because of his social service and medical expertise. Next day there was another march; this time the ladies including my grandmother joined in. It was an awesome thing to see them on the road because these ladies never even venture outside unes-corted

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and their heads were always covered with odhana. And guess what, my grand-mother was taken to the jail for a while! For a young boy of my age, this was incompre-hensible. I remember teasing my grand-mother for months afterwards about becom-!"#$%$&%!'!($)*+%,$'!'$,+-.$/--'$.01$!"$2%!34$5%!67$8$9013'$%:&($8$&"-9$,+-"$,+%,$:0;--thing big was happening but did not under-stand the full import of the events. Later when I came to Sambalpur to study in the G.M. College, I slowly began to compre-hend the enormity of the issues. We saw huge earthmov-ers we never seen before. These were manned by sardarjis, many of them fresh refugees from Pakistan. We also went on our bicycles to see how huge machines hauling cement to great heights to build the dam. During the summer vacation of 1952, three of my friends including Rajen-dra Supakar who currently lives in Chica-go and I, went on a bike tour to look at some of the villages that were to go underwater. Among them, we saw Samplahara, Rajen-'<%=:$ >!33%#-4$where we were treated with PaNA after being 30>!"#3.$ <-?<!;%"'-'$ @.$ A%2-"'<%=:$ /03&:$ /0<$biking all that distance under the hot sun, risking heat stroke. I also remembered meeting Ayodhya Khosla, the main architect of the Dam and Dr. Issac Santra, the local hero, who estab-lished a leper colony in Hatibari. They came to Jharuapara one evening in 1951 looking for B<%'+%&%<$ B1?%&%<4$ A%2-"'<%=:$ /%,+-<$ and the M.L.A. from Sambalpur. I did not know the importance of Mr. Khosla but had heard of Dr. Santra. They asked to be led to Srad-hakar C%@1=:$+01:-$ ,+%,$9%:$ !"$01<$#133-.($D+-.$ ,<!-'$to impress upon me the impor-tance of the Dam for the next hour! The memories kept flooding in. The little girl 300&-'$%,$;-$9!,+$+-<$@!#$-.-:$%"'$%:&-'4$)*+.$%<-$ .01$ E<.!"#6$ 5<-$ .01$ %3<!#+,67$ 8$ 9!?-'$ ;.$tears and smiled and patted lovingly on her head and gave her a chewing gum. She looked at her mother for permis-sion to accept, and then took it and smiled back. The boat kept going ahead and all the chattering came back as the temple receded from our view. After a few minutes, we saw another temple. It must have been a small one because we could see only the very top, the Chuda. This time, the sight of the temple did not evoke as much emotional response as before. I do not know what kind of tem-ples they were.

Were they Vaishnavite or Saivite? As you can see from the picture, the Chuda of the Rampella temple has lost its crown. Saivites have Trishul and Vaishnavites have Chakras as crown. My hunch is that the Rampella one is Saivite judging from my experience in other Koshal-ite villages. Almost always they have a Shiva temple espe-cially near a bathing ghat al-though we do have Vaishnavite temples as well but not very often, and they are of recent vintage when they occur. As we approached the other shore, I saw thick vegetation through which a path for the boat has been cut out to reach the shore. Tarini explained that this was because of the silt accumulating in the reservoir. Apparently 27% of capacity of the reservoir has been used up by the silt. When we reached the other shore, Tarini took out his scooter and we toured some of the villages including his own Kumharbandh. It was so close to the reservoir that I suggested that ground water would be available only a few feet in well and would be great for agriculture. Tarini told me that there is coal only five feet down, not water. Apparently sponze iron companies are already buying up land for future expan-sion of their enterprises. On our return trip we went to anoth-er spot to catch a boat to go back to Sambalpur via Rengali. While waiting for the boat, I asked Tarini whether Bikram Khol was not very far from that spot since we were in Lakhan Pur block as is Bikram Khol, which I visited few years back. He confirmed that indeed it was close but behind the Dungree (hills are called Dungree in Koshali) on our left. In order to go to Bikram Khol we would have to go to Jhar-suguda and then take the road to the other side of the Dungree. That meant reaching Sambalpur by late evening; so we decided not to take the trip to Bikram Khol. Inciden-tally, Bikram Khol is very interesting site which has a large flat stone wall on top of a small hill and has inscriptions in Brahmi and Mahenjo-daro scripts. Apparently, the writ-ings are about 4000 years old and yet to be deciphered. Tarini also informed me about another interest-ing site within the reservoir which our boat did not go by; Cattle Island. Apparently, because the confiscated villages were vacated at gun point the villagers could not take all of their cattle with them. These animals found shelter in an island in the reservoir and have become wild after a few generations. When the locals try to capture them

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they become very aggressive and hence are left alone. Finally the boat to take us back to Rengali came. This time the trip was much shorter. As we scooted back towards Sambalpur on Jhar-suguda-Sambalpur road, which is part of a very busy National Highway, I saw the chain of sponze iron factories. One could not help but notice the thick haze of smoke from the chim-neys of these plants, worsened by the fly ash emitted by the coal fire power plants. Apparently, Pollution Control Board has already declared the whole corridor as an ecological disaster.

Sitting  behind  Tarini’s  scooter  as  he  drove towards Sambalpur which took us about half an hour, I was still thinking about Rampella Temple. I wondered what this half sub-merged temple, which still stands as a silent witness, is a symbol of. Is it a symbol of sacrifice of the well settled vibrant communi-ties for the protection of the coastal areas of Orissa from floods? Or of the utter callous and contemptuous treatment of the ousted families, 7000 of them yet to be compen-sated more than half a century later, by the Orissa government? Or of the beginning of an industrial age for the region? Or of the end of innocence and simplicity of a bygone era? To me it is all of the above.

The Temple of Rampella Photo credit: Dr. Tarini Panda

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RREEMMEEMMBBRRAANNCCEE

"The Soul is not born; It does not die; I!"#$%"&'!"()'*+,-*".)'/"$&0'&-1

Unborn, eternal, I!"2%"&'!"%3$2&14 ~ Katha Upanishad

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!"!"!"!!

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Prakash Patnaik

Prabhat Patnaik

Prakash Patnaik, a life member of OSA passed away on May 4, 2011 at his residence in Washington, DC. He belonged to the 1st generation of Odias in the US and was, in terms of years of residence, one of the senior-most Oriya expatriate, having come to this country in 1969. He was an avid pilot and an active member of the Odia community when OSA was being formed. He helped many people in many ways. The following is a tribute reminiscent of his life, passions and achievements. He was born in 1940, as the second child of Prananath and Manjari Patnaik. I was his young-er brother, the third child. Our parents were both freedom fighters, and our father, who had left university at the call of Gandhiji to join the Civil Disobedience Movement, had suffered long years of incarceration in the struggle for a free India. Our family had to endure extreme hardship and penury, which continued even after the !"#$%&'()* +$,-.-$,-$!-/* ,#-* %" our .0&-$%)(*socialist convictions. They persisted in the struggle for an egalitarian social order. There was little money for our education, but we turned out to be academically bright and won stipends and scholarships to finance our own way through the best institutions of in India. He passed matriculation from Jatni High School, a remote village school started by our father, a great believer in the liberating role of education. Prakash went on to get his Intermediate degree in Science from the SCS College, Puri, and was selected into the IIT, Kharagpur, where he studied Mechanical Engineering. His specializa-tion was nuclear power plants. After graduation he joined the Atomic Energy Establishment at Trombay and later the nuclear power plant at Rawatbhata in the Kota district of Rajasthan. In 1966 he married Kautuki (Babuli), the viva-cious and spirited daughter of B.N.Roy of Khurda, a renowned advocate of Orissa. The desire to give his family a better life brought Prakash in 1969 to the US where he worked as a

federal government employee, in the field of nuclear energy, until shortly before his death. Unfortu-nately his wife predeceased him in 2000 after struggling courageously with her health problems for many years. They are survived by their children, Rakesh and Malasri. There are three traits, inherited from our indomitable parents, which differentiated Prakash. The first is his remarkable courage, unconven-tionality and sense of adventure.

He did what he believed and pursued his life exactly as he wished to, unconcerned with what others thought. New things always fascinated him. He was the first amateur photographer in Jatni. While still in class IX he bought a camera, for all of 11 rupees, took pictures with gusto (I was his first subject). When electricity came to Jatni +$* %1-* 23(), he was greatly excited and made it a point to spend all his off-school hours 4+%1* %1-* 5-6-!%&+!+%'* .-".6-7/* %1-* "8-&)--&)/* %1-*engineers and the workers, and he ensured that our house was the first to be electrified. In fact, he got to know so much about electrical connec-tions that he became the unofficial repairman in our neighbourhood and then at IIT Kharagpur. His travel to the US after giving up a secure government job in India, without any immediate employment prospects is another example of his sense of adventure. After he obtained employ-ment, one of the first things he did was to purchase a small airplane. Flying had always been his passion. When at Trombay he used to spend a significant part of his monthly income as a member of the Bombay Flying Club. As a college student I had gone to Bombay once for an interview and stayed with him. He made me spend all my spare time at the Flying Club and even got a friend to take me up in a training .60$-9* :10%* 40)* 1+)* $"%+"$* ";* 5<+8+$<* 0* <"", tim-7*%"*0*'"#$<-&*=&"%1-&/*was visiting Bombay for the first time! In the U.S., he flew regularly with family and friends as passengers, until he developed a cardiac problem.

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This courage and unconventionality was also evident when he took as his companion, towards the end of his life, a Chinese lady, Rui Lan who looked after him with great devotion and care. The second trait was his remarkable generosity and lack of meanness. Although our !"#$%&'"&(d-l)*+ ,-&%.#/+ '%&%+ .%0#$%&+ 1%-.+ ."&+ 2-(23(-#ing; this trait in Prakash could perhaps be traced to our maternal grandfather. Our grandfather had been born a zamindar but became a nationalist poet and freedom-fighter and was as free-spirited as he was open-handed. Prakash was sensitive and touchy, but generous to a fault, and he helped many Oriya immigrants into the U.S. to tide over their initial days of hardship. The third trait was a deep interest in politics. The level of interest in politics in the U.S. tends to be somewhat low among professional people; especially among immigrant professionals. Politics, especially U.S. politics, does get talked about on social occasions, but only perfunctorily.

4&-5-/$6/+ 0.#%&%/#+ 0.+ ,"(0#02/+ '-/+ 7-&+ 7&"1+ ,%r-functory. He argued passionately over it, and believed that immigrants should involve them-selves more seriously in U.S. politics. Prakash and I differed sharply in our political views, and we often had extraordinarily heated arguments. When I visited him three weeks before his death, the first question he asked me, even though he was ailing, breathless and could barely articulate, was about my views on the NATO actions in Libya. Our conversation was necessarily brief but he listened thereafter for hours, until he fell asleep, to television coverage of the happenings in Libya. This made me feel that one who was so passionate, so intense, and so full of life, could not possibly succumb to ailments so soon. I was alas mistaken. An extremely gifted, unusual and wonderful human being, whose real personality not many could glimpse, has been snatched away from us.

!"!"!"!!

In memory of Bimal Krushna Mahanti

Sri Gopal Mohanty Bimal Krushna Mahanti, a life member of OSA passed away at Kalinga Hospital, Bhubaneswar on November 4, 2010. He completed his Bachelors in Mechanical Engineering at IIT, Kharagpur and came to Cornell University for a Masters in Industrial Engineering, in 1959. This was where he met Krushna Mohan Das, a founding member of OSA then a fellow student at Cornell. They have been lifelong associates 3.#0(+ 8&3/$.-+ 9-:36/+demise a few years back. I call him Bimu Bhai since $%+ '-/+ 1)+ '07%6/+cousin. I met him, his wife Sanjukta (Kuni) and his son Libu (Jay) for the first time in 1966 at Sindelfingen, Germany. He was working with IBM at the time. Bimu Bhai moved to the States in 1968 as an employee of IBM. During 1966-68

after I moved from India and before I moved to Canada; we used to visit each other frequently. Soon after his arrival was the formation of OSA and he joined the OSA founders like K. M. Das, Amiya Patnaik, Duryodhan Mangaraj, Birendra Patnaik, and Kalpataru Kanungo in those formative years. Before moving to Germany, he taught at Burla Engineering College and IIT Bombay. Although he acquired many American and European friends and always lived in style and high taste, Bimal Mahanti was a typical Odia at heart and moved in Odia circles at every oppor-

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tunity. In the 1984 Souvenir of OSA K. M. Das !"#$%&' (Mr. Bimal K. Mohanty of IBM fame has been the founding president of the Jagannath Society of New York and helped the first Odissi dance program by Dr. Minati Mishra in New York.) Bimal Mahanti had a bright academic career, was fluent in Odia, English, German and Hindi and an avid reader of literature, philosophy, history, science, engineering, geography and other topics. While he appreciated brilliant minds and admired the company of intellectuals, he was equally comfortable in any social circle

being warm, hospitable, a great conversationalist and a great story teller. Despite his short stature, he stood tall in any conversation gathering and dominated the scene. He had flair of exploring new avenues. Once he decided to memorize Bhagabat Gita and he did. He could quote lines with explanations for many topics. He would entertain his guests with his culinary talents. Bimal Mahanti is survived by his wife Sanjukta and sons Jay and Jeet and will be missed dearly by many. May his soul rest in peace!

!"!"!"!!

Guru Gangadhar Pradhan, as I remember

Sri Gopal Mohanty Gangadhar Babu, as I addresses him *+%,' $#' -.//' 0%' (12.3)' !3$2'deep affection and respect. I first met him in 1974, while searching for an Odissi teacher at Bhuba-neswar. While on a sabbatical leave at ISI, Calcutta, I was determined to give some Odissi training to my daughters Jini and Rini, then 10 and 5 respectively. There we were introduced to young Gangadhar; who had just started a school a year ago, Orissa Dance Academy (ODA). It was Guru Deba Prasad Das who 4%-.0%'53637+'$%.-2%"8' I remember every time I visited Orissa, I met with him and visited his school. The place attracted many musicians and dance lovers. Through him I learnt a great deal about the dance style and met many members of the dance community including Dhiren Patnaik. I remember he had received training from the Gurus Pankaj Charan Das, Deba Prasad Das and Srimati Minati Mishra at Utkal Sangeeta Mahavidyalaya and later from Guru Kelucharan Mohapatra. Gangadhar Babu was a strong

proponent of the Guru-shisya parampara and had a lot of love and reverence for his Gurus. I remember him inviting me to an afternoon program of his prime disciple Aruna Mohanty at Bhubaneswar. Aruna was groomed to be a promising dancer and years later when she toured North America with Guru Gangadhar, she enthralled

everyone by her superb performance. Our cordial relationship provided an opportunity to host them during their Toronto performance. That was a glorious period for Guru Gangadhar. I remember he accompanied Sanjukta Panigrahi during her North American tours, as he an acclaimed and energetic mardala player. I remember him providing young men from villages with the opportunity to train at his school. He was a friend as well as a Guru for them. His institution has the unique reputation of producing large numbers of excellent male dancers like Manoranjan Pradhan, Bichitrananda Swain, Yudhistir Nayak and Ramesh Jena

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I remember him as a dreamer and institution builder. Young Gangadhar shared with me his dream to spread Odissi throughout the world by establishing institutes as branches of ODA. His dream took some shape when Chitralekha Patnaik in Canada started her dance Academy in 1980. Guru Gangadhar often visited Chitral-!"#$%&' &(#))*+'which got associated with ODA. At the formative stage, once Nandita Patnaik (presently Nandita Behera in the Los Angeles area), another of his prime disciples and con-temporary of Aruna, was performing with others $&' ,$-.' )/' 0#1.-$*!"#$%&' 2($3!456' 7)-' .#!' /1-&.'time, I witnessed group choreography instead of a solo performance. The more performances of ODA I saw, the more I got the impression that this innovation is the hallmark of ODA and 8$9:$3#$-';$<=%&'.-$1919g. Later his association with Purna Patnaik led him and other ODA members such as Manoranjan Pradhan, Yudhistir Nayak, and Aruna Mohanty to visit San Diego for some time. Gangadhar Babu also spent some time as a visiting faculty at Cornell University through his collaboration with disciple Durga Bor at Ithaca, NY. I remember his masterful brilliance and his audacity in pursuing his vision. He took me to see his new creation, Konark Natya Mandap, which challenged me to fathom the depth of his tenacity and determination. It was more than a branch of ODA. It was a Gurukul in the same line as Kalakshetra, not only for Odissi but for also art forms such as gotipua, pala and also Odia literature. I attended his Konark Dance Festival several times, different from the one organized by the Government. He built a stage for the Festival, but being driven by his dream, he had to change it to a completely new one, in harmony with the existing ruins of Sun temple. I remember him receiving many awards; the most memorable the Padmashree awarded by the Government of India in 2008. I happened to attend the felicitation ceremony at Ekamra Hall, Bhubaneswar organized by the local artists. I deemed it a great privilege to be invited onto the stage to speak on this eventful occasion by

Sumanta Mohanty, a young promising singer-composer. Especially since every other speaker there (including Sikandar Alam) was an artist except the Minister of Culture, Surya Narayan Patra. Today with heavy heart, I accept the fact that neither Sikandar Babu nor Sumanta are with us. I remember Guru Gangadhar as the principal advisor for the preservation of pala as part of the project, >-!&!-?$.1)9' )/' @31&#$%& Cultural Infra-structure, initiated by SEEDS. I remember meeting him earlier this year in the same modest precinct in Unit 3, Kharavela Nagar, which had housed ODA. ODA had moved somewhere else and Gangadhar Babu had moved back from Konark to the place of his artistic origin. His instinct of institution building drove him to start here afresh, what is now called Gangadhar Pradhan Foundation. Although busy with organizational work, he introduced me to his colleague in Chhau. I was impressed by the work at this Institute. I never knew this meeting was going to be our last. It was destiny, perhaps which completed a full circle for him. He breathed his last while residing at that unidentifi-able place which he built with his own hands for the world to recognize; the very one which built him for the world. Finally I remember him as a true noble Odia soul with refined artistic talent and as a modest, humble person with a soft-spoken and affection-ate voice and deep passion for Odisha and the propagation of her culture and heritage. If Guru Kelucharan, the creative genius, made Odissi popular by attracting disciples from India and abroad, then Guru Gangadhar will be remem-bered for making endless conscientious efforts to sustain and propagate Odissi world-wide. Instead of viewing his leaving this earthly world as a great loss to Odissi and Odissan art and culture, let us celebrate his life as a successful fulfillment of his dreams and let us share his dreams. I salute this great son of Odisha. My prayers go out to bless his soul to be in peace.

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My Mother (1931-September 20, 2010)

Raghunath Dass

My mother is no longer with us. She

is now beyond the experience of the

stages of birth, childhood, youth,

motherhood and old age. She is

ahead of us in her journey. Flames

at the Swarga Dwara of Puri turned

her mortal remains into ashes on

September 21, 2010. She became a

part of eternity. She only resides in

photos and in our memories now.

My mother had a period of illness since January

19, 2009. She had a very active life until then.

We are her seven living sons spread across

India and abroad, and her only daughter smartly

gotten married next door in the village. My sister

was close to her during this nerve-wrecking

illness, a stroke. She had high blood pressure

earlier. She had been initially diagnosed and

treated at SCB Medical College Hospital and

Ashwini Hospital in Cuttack.

I visited her during July 2009 when she was in

!"#$%"&'($)*$+,$"&-".$/.0*'".12$3&)4"$50r follow-

up treatment at AIIMS. She had recovered well

and looked well but her reflexes were a bit slow.

She was always eager to return home, our native

place Fakirpur on the banks of Baitarani in

Keonjhar. She finally returned home in January

of 2010. She lived well only at times worried

about her two unmarried younger sons. On July

7, 2010 her health deteriorated with low sodium

level. Again she was admitted to Ashwini Hospi-

tal. Her health was cause of worry this time as

she stopped taking solid food. She stopped

talking in August and was hooked on to liquid

diet and a catheter. Subsequently my elder

brother got her admitted in Aditya Care Hospital

in Bhubaneswar for better care. Her health did

not improve and she breathed her last at 11PM

on September 20th, 2010 in our

Chandrashekhar Pur home while

being attended by her two youngest

sons, my elder brother, her daughter

and son-in-law.

All her life, my mother had been

3.06(-(78$92$2".6(4"2:$;,$<=>)?$92"-$

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heard of and seen her strength. She

had been through 10 childbirths.

Our family has ancestral farm lands and my

mother processed all crops including paddy,

pulses and vegetables. She never asked the

help of others except during periods of child-

births. She was good at making all kinds of

foods, snacks and cakes to nourish her eight

children. We hardly bought food items from

market except at village fairs. I can still remem-

ber her fetching drinking water pots from river;

one on her head and one her hip until we dug

our own well.

Festivals were her forte. She would prepare all

kinds of delicacies during Janmasthami, Ra-

dhasthami, Durgapuja, Deepavali and other

native festivals to distribute among the villagers.

%9.(78$ 29++".$+07*'2B$ 2'"$ 92"-$ *0$ 400C$ <*#0$

+)7)?$ +0."$ .(4"$ *0 feed poor neighbors and

beggars. She felt good providing service to the

people around her, in her own way. She may

')6"$ .(8'*&,$ &(6"-$93*0$'".$7)+"$ <@)-()7(?:$ $;,$

mother is no more. I attended her last rites in my

village last year. It was a different experience.

We think she lived a good, active and a purpose-

ful life. People remember her for her services.

Her Legacy: Service to the living and the non-

living things is service to God.

!"!"!"!!

170

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This poem was published in OSA souvenir 2010 which was dedicated to late Arun Das and Pradip Pattanaik. But the

published version was not the revised one and was not published in the appropriate section. For their honor the poem is

republished this year again

!"!"!"!!