ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF IDENTIFIED IMPACTS OF CLIMATE

CHANGE: MARINE IMPACTS

Vincent David Lyne, Neil L. Klaer, Peter R. Last, Gordon Yearsley

A report prepared by CSIRO Marine Research for the Australian Greenhouse Office, Hobart, Australia

January 2003

ABSTRACT

The brief for this component of the CSIRO project was to assess the net present value of costs to

the Australian economy from climate change impacts for the marine fisheries sector. Current

economic values of commercial fisheries were compiled by each State along with the

Commonwealth-managed offshore fisheries. Marine tourism and recreational fishing values were

also compiled but the tourism statistics are crude estimates only to determine their value relative

to the fisheries sector. Scenarios of climate change impacts on the marine environment were

obtained from the CSIRO climate model runs for 2030 and 2070. Each marine species was rated

according to two main criteria: 1) vulnerability – which expresses the physiological ability of the

species to cope with the predicted environmental changes, and 2) relocation – which rates the

species ability to move to more favourable locations in response to detrimental environmental

changes. Each criterion was scored as no, low, medium or high and the scoring was undertaken by

experienced fish taxonomists. Numerical factors were assigned to the scores but these are at best

educated guesses that need to be refined; however, they are expected to provide an order of

magnitude assessment of the relative impacts. The vulnerability scoring reflects a general trait of

marine species to be able to tolerate environment fluctuations up to a threshold followed by a

rapid impact as environmental conditions degrade above the threshold. Thus, while many species

may display little or no impact up to the threshold, catastrophic impacts will occur as conditions

degrade further.

The 2030 scenario shows an overall economic impact of over 8% with highest impacts for

Tasmania (over 20%) and Victoria (over 10%). Southern Rock Lobster and Abalone are the two

highest-value species of these two States that are predicted to be adversely impacted - along with

a range of endemic temperate fisheries (such as garfish, morwong, various trumpeter species).

Whilst our analysis of tourism and recreational fishing is an overall national one, the endemic

species affected are often highly valued both in the tourism and recreational fishing sectors.

The 2070 scenario predicts a high impact tally of over 35% across the States with again Tasmania

(with 64%) and Victoria (near 40%) predicted to suffer relatively severe impacts, and WA (over

38%) not far behind. As with 2030 the endemic high value fisheries are impacted the most, with

possible flow-on effects to tourism and recreational fishing.

While even our crude assessment identifies tourism and recreational fishing as major economic

marine based sectors to be affected by climate change, it must be noted that they rely heavily

upon the unique endemic marine species found in the relatively pristine coastal and offshore

environments of Australia. Severe impacts on these marine species and their environments (e.g.

coral bleaching), with possible consequent invasion by wider-ranging marine pests will have a

major compounding detrimental impact on all marine and coastal sectors. Thus, the dire

predictions in the 2070 scenario need to be subjected to much more detailed investigation than

was possible in this project.

Introduction

The brief for this component of the CSIRO project was to assess the net present value of costs to

the Australian economy from climate change impacts for the marine fisheries sector. The

assessments we conducted were by nature broad-brush and semi-quantitative due to time and

resource restrictions.

Our overall approach was to firstly determine climate projections for the marine regions of

Australia for 2030 and 2070 from models being run by CSIRO and long-term observational

information. We combined these with fisheries production statistics and used expert knowledge to

categorise assessments of the vulnerability and relocation capability for each species. These

categories were scaled numerically to produce statistics of risk which were a combination of the

ratings for vulnerability and relocation multiplied by the production value for each species.

Our final assessments are relative ones for each fishery that compares production value statistics

in 2030 and 2070 with those of the current baseline. These assessments were summarised by

State for which overall average relative percentage impacts on economic production values were

derived.

Our results are valid only for the direct economic impact as it affects each fisheries’ ability to

adjust and respond to climate change. We did not assess cumulative impacts as the relative

impacts, compared against a current baseline, are more conservatively assessed with the

instantaneous impacts which are more severe than cumulative impacts (because there is no

averaging affect from the lower historical impacts). Indirect consequences in terms of job loss,

infrastructure costs and flow on socio-economic factors have not been considered. Thus our

estimates are highly conservative ones based solely on production economics of the fisheries.

Methodology

Our approach was tailored to deliver semi-quantitative results in the short time frame and limited

extent of analyses possible in this project. In an ideal set of circumstances, a robust risk

assessment approach - such as that being developed and implemented by CSIRO Marine

Research to investigate the multi-use management of the North West Shelf - would have been

employed 1

Best available existing summaries of fisheries production that could be readily assembled were

compiled from the publication “Australian Fisheries Statistics 2002” 2. Production figures from

the Gross value of Australian fisheries production were used. Those figures include both wild 1 CSIRO Marine Research 2002, NWSJEMS Interim Report June 2002, Hobart. See also:

http://www.marine.csiro.au/nwsjems/reports/FinalNWSJEMSinterimreportJune2002.pdf 2 ABARE 2003, Australian Fisheries Statistics 2002, Canberra, March

fisheries and aquaculture - which has increased its share of the gross value of production from

15% in 1991-92 to 30% in 2001-02 2.

Production figures were organised by State and species, and we used the 2001-02 figures as the

baseline. Commercial species of value range from pelagic (surface) fisheries to deep-water

species such as Trevally and Orange Roughy that extend down to depths of over 1000 m off the

continental slope. Thus, climate change scenarios were required for the region around Australia

and for depths from the surface to the over 1000 m. Scenarios for the expected change in marine

water temperatures were obtained from the CSIRO Mark 2 and CSIRO Mark 3 climate

predictions for a range of depths (0 m, mk3: 571 m, mk2: 905 m, mk3: 934 m, mk2: 1395 m,

mk3: 1503 m). Considering the current state of climate models and their capability in predicting

local (of spatial scales of order of a few degrees in longitude) climate changes, we decided that it

would not be justifiable to attempt a spatially structured analysis (which would have led to some

compensatory positive impacts from "vagrant" species moving to new fishing grounds as

endemics move out). For the deep-water scenarios, changes in temperature and other water

properties are not expected to be as great as that at the surface. However, many deep-water

marine species migrate extensively over the water column and furthermore they rely upon the

rain, and lateral advection, of food and detritus from the surface production. Thus, the impact on

deep-water species is expected to come more from the alterations in surface productivity than

physiological changes brought about by the change in the deep-water environment. An overall

temperature change for all species and regions was chosen by examining the CSIRO model runs

and from observed trends – globally and locally.

There are limited long-term monitoring stations around Australia but these provide some

projection of the trend of warming in coastal and offshore marine waters. Trends, over more than

60 years, of temperatures at the surface and 50 m at a long-term monitoring station on the

continental shelf at Maria Island on Tasmania’s east coast (Figure 1: Lyne, unpublished analyses)

show that with the exception of July, all other months have increased at rates of from 0.6 to 3

degrees per 100 years with the larger increases occurring over the transition months of May and

November. On average temperatures have risen by about 1.5 degrees per 100 years. Given that

stresses to marine species are likely to be due to the maximum increases occurring in the year, a

conservative approach is to use the expected highest warming trends observed by month. Thus in

the case of the Maria Island Station this is 3 degrees/100 years. For projections to 2030 this gives

about a 1 degree rise and for 2070 just over 2 degrees which we have increased to 2.5 degrees for

our scenarios.

Figure 1 Variation by month of the long-term warming trend measured at Maria Island off the

east coast of Tasmania on the continental shelf. The y-axis represents the slope parameter of the

warming trend expressed as degrees C per 100 years. Trend parameters are plotted for both the

surface and 50 m depths at which measurements were made.

Scientists experienced in the study of commercial fisheries conducted categorized assessments of

vulnerability and relocation potential for each species. Vulnerability was rated according to a 4-

tier assessment comprising: High, Medium, Low and None, as was relocation potential. Numerical

values expressing the adverse impact on species for the 2030 and 2070 scenarios were estimated

(educated guesses in most cases) by observing that most marine and coastal species are subject to

daily, or longer time frequency, changes that are of one degree or more. However the scenario of

a one degree overall temperature rise is only an index of larger fluctuations, such as maximum

temperatures or degree-days, in the environment that potentially could adversely affect species.

With these considerations in mind, the overall assessment for the 2030 scenario was that the High

category of vulnerability was about 0.3 meaning that 30% of a species population rated as high

risk would no longer be viable. In the case of the 2070 scenario where a 2.5 degree temperature

rise is anticipated, the relevant consideration here is that once a physiological threshold is

exceeded, the impact may be proportionately greater (than the temperature rise). Such non-

linearities are well known in many of the biological disciplines and coral bleaching is one such

example in the marine field. The impact may arise from: physiological constraints; productivity

changes; greater susceptibility to pests and diseases; greater competition from other species more

adapted to the new environment; changes in other environmental properties such as dissolved

oxygen levels; changes in the availability of prey species; or, in the inability of the species to

adapt quickly enough to the changing environment, or to move away from it. Thus, relative

impact scores for the 2070 scenarios are much higher than those for 2030 as shown in Table 1.

Relocation scores reflect similar considerations as for vulnerability, but with the additional

consideration that in the case of the 2070 scenario, longer distances may need to be traversed in

order to find more suitable environments – this is reflected in the impact scores for relocation in

Table 1.

Table 1 Vulnerability and relocation assessment table showing assigned scores for the various

categories of ratings. Scores for vulnerability are the relative declines in production while the

scores for relocation are the multiplicative factors for vulnerability and expresses the potential of

the species to relocate to another environment in order to ameliorate the effects of the temperature

rise.

Model Impact 2030 Degree Change 1 Impact 2030 Impact 2070 Impact 2070 Degree Change 2.5 Vulnerability Reduction Reduction

No 0 0

Low 0.1 0.2

Med 0.2 0.5

Hig 0.3 0.8

Relocation Impact reduction

Impact reduction

No 0 0

low 0.2 0.1

med 0.6 0.3

hig 0.9 0.7

In rating aquaculture species, most species are rated as medium for vulnerability and medium for relocation, but we note that some species such as the Tasmanian salmonids are now at the highly

vulnerable end of their temperature range and the options for relocation are limited. Such

considerations have been incorporated into the assessments where the information was available.

Impact Assessment

The combination of the scores for vulnerability and relocation provide a relatively instantaneous impact score for the species (relative to the long timescale for climate change). The question

arises as to whether a cumulative score would provide a more conservative assessment of the

impact. In economic terms, a cumulative sum would provide a larger economic impact but it is

the relative value of that sum compared to an unchanged baseline that is the more relevant issue.

Viewed in that context, we can compare cumulative and instantaneous impacts relative to

unchanged baselines. Without going into the details of the calculation it is fairly obvious that the instantaneous impact is more conservative simply because the cumulative impact averages back

across better times to the baseline state. To illustrate this we have selected an Arrhenius type

temperature response to characterise a species’ production response to temperature change. Thus:

k = A * exp(-e/T)

where k is the impact index, A is a constant, e is a scale for the temperature change (which may

vary with species), and T is the temperature (usually expressed in degrees Kelvin but for our

purposes we are merely interested in the functional form, not the absolute relation). Other forms

could be used but the essential conclusion would be the same – as demonstrated in Figure 2. For

example in Figure 2, for the case of a highly vulnerable situation, the 2070 forecast is showing

that about 90% of the population is vulnerable whereas the cumulative impact is showing that

only about 40% of the cumulative production has been affected. Thus because cumulative

statistics lag the instantaneous ones, we have not used them in the present impact assessment

which involves long-term but nonlinear processes.

Our results are therefore presented as instantaneous (based on yearly data) impact estimates of

fisheries production for the 2030 and 2070 climate change scenarios, using the 2002 fisheries

statistics as a baseline.

Marine tourism and recreational fishing values were also compiled but the tourism statistics are

crude estimates only to determine their value relative to the fisheries sector. Tables of the

statistics, vulnerability/relocation scores and impact assessments are presented in Appendix A,

with summaries for the 2030 and 2070 scenarios listed in Appendix B.

Some Caveats on the Analyses

1. Tourism is included as an extra and was analysed in a very crude/simplistic way. Similarly,

recreational fisheries and international tourism were included.

2. Some species are/were closed to fishing (e.g. Bass Strait scallop) and thus no value

assessments were done.

3. Aquaculture species were included in addition to the wild fisheries.

4. The economic ramifications of industry operating margins for each of the species was not

assessed and in effect we have assumed all industries to be operating at margins linearly related to

the stock value levels.

5. Factors for "Vulnerability" and "Relocation" are educated guesses and not based on any hard

objective evidence. Experience with some aquaculture species and wild fisheries were used to

estimate general overall factors for the species.

6. For deep-water species (e.g. Orange Roughy), the CSIRO climate models are indicating overall

neutral/cooler deep-water conditions. While this may be seen as a positive change, most deep-

water species rely upon surface and/or upstream pelagic and midwater ecosystems for their

growth and survival. Thus, we have taken into consideration the ecological impacts, rather than

the physiological ones, in assessing the deep-water species.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Years

Rel

ativ

e C

hang

e in

Pro

duct

ion

Figure 2 Plots illustrating the change in production from a baseline in 2002 (Year 0 on the x-

axis) out to 70 years from the baseline. The thick lines are the relative instantaneous change in

production for the 3 cases of: low (black curve), medium (red curve) and high (green curve)

vulnerability. Thin lines show the change in cumulative production (relative to a reference

situation in which there is no impact). Notice that in all cases, the relative change in cumulative

production is less than the corresponding change in the instantaneous production change.

Results

In examining the results, some general trends or relations are evident:

1. Temperate fisheries are in general more vulnerable than tropicals.

2. Impacts for the 2030 scenario are overall less than 10%, but the temperate fisheries in

Tasmania and Victoria are more highly impacted. Southern Rock Lobster and Abalone

are the two highest-value species of these two States predicted to be adversely impacted -

along with a range of endemic temperate fisheries (such as garfish, morwong, various

trumpeter species).

3. By 2070 substantial impacts are predicted across most fisheries with impacts reaching

very high levels in Tasmania (over 60%), Victoria (about 40%) and Western Australia

(under 40%). Overall, the impact averaged across the States and Commonwealth (plus

tourism and recreational fishing) is over 35% of production.

4. The most severely impacted species are the high value endemics which have limited

physiological tolerances and limited distributional ranges. These are also the species of

high value to sectors other than commercial fishing such as conservation, recreational

fishing and tourism. These flow-on effects would compound the economic impacts

beyond our estimates based just on production.

5. While even our crude assessment identifies tourism and recreational fishing as major

economic marine based sectors to be affected by climate change, it must be noted that

they rely heavily upon the unique endemic marine species found in the relatively pristine

coastal and offshore environments of Australia. Severe impacts on these marine species

and their environments (e.g. coral bleaching), with possible consequent invasion by

wider-ranging marine pests will have a major compounding detrimental impact to all

marine and coastal sectors.

6. Whilst our analysis is relatively simple, the predictions in the 2070 scenario should be of

major concern to fisheries operators and managers. And, the analyses need to be

subjected to much more detailed investigation than was possible in this project.

Appendix A: Statistics of fisheries production by State, and Marine Tourism and Recreational Fishing

New South Wales fisheries production

IMPACT 2030

IMPACT 2070

1999-2000

2000-01 p

2001-02 s

Vulnerability Relocation

Impact 2030

Impact 2070

Current t

Current $'000 Future t

Future $'000 Future t

Future $'000

t $'000 t $'000 t $'000

Crustaceans

Rock lobster 117 4601 105 4489 103 4752 hig med 0.12 0.56 103 4752 90.64 4181.76 45.32 2090.88

King prawns 959 19313 1090 22924 1057 22435 med med 0.08 0.35 1057 22435 972.44 20640.2 687.05 14582.8

School prawns 1008 6645 1170 8152 526 3902 med med 0.08 0.35 526 3902 483.92 3589.84 341.9 2536.3

Other prawns 271 1554 313 1657 233 1186 med med 0.08 0.35 233 1186 214.36 1091.12 151.45 770.9

Crabs 615 4350 519 4102 424 3640 med med 0.08 0.35 424 3640 390.08 3348.8 275.6 2366

Other 58 749 59 741 134 1589 med med 0.08 0.35 134 1589 123.28 1461.88 87.1 1032.85

Molluscs

Abalone 325 12680 305 15200 281 12373 hig low 0.24 0.72 281 12373 213.56 9403.48 78.68 3464.44

Scallops 0 0 1 4 0 0 med low 0.16 0.45 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cuttlefish 206 547 182 472 220 498 med hig 0.02 0.15 220 498 215.6 488.04 187 423.3

Pipi 628 2030 624 2133 475 2081 low low 0.08 0.18 475 2081 437 1914.52 389.5 1706.42

Octopus 264 1674 511 2640 368 1689 med med 0.08 0.35 368 1689 338.56 1553.88 239.2 1097.85

Squid 218 888 186 905 123 727 med hig 0.02 0.15 123 727 120.54 712.46 104.55 617.95

Other 53 145 60 191 75 272 med med 0.08 0.35 75 272 69 250.24 48.75 176.8

Fish

Sea mullet 2812 4521 3285 5195 3454 5414 low hig 0.01 0.06 3454 5414 3419.5 5359.86 3246.76 5089.16

Silver Trevally 310 848 271 797 330 844 med hig 0.02 0.15 330 844 323.4 827.12 280.5 717.4

Yellowtail kingfish 135 1014 133 1051 284 1982 med hig 0.02 0.15 284 1982 278.32 1942.36 241.4 1684.7

Jack mackerel 27 31 58 53 22 32 med hig 0.02 0.15 22 32 21.56 31.36 18.7 27.2

Black and yellowfin bream 320 2765 300 2684 281 2647 med med 0.08 0.35 281 2647 258.52 2435.24 182.65 1720.55

Australian salmon 449 404 801 906 1065 1207 med hig 0.02 0.15 1065 1207 1043.7 1182.86 905.25 1025.95

Snapper 290 2585 284 2453 249 2104 med hig 0.02 0.15 249 2104 244.02 2061.92 211.65 1788.4

Rubberlip morwong 101 385 83 326 81 305 med hig 0.02 0.15 81 305 79.38 298.9 68.85 259.25

Mulloway 79 656 66 492 59 456 med hig 0.02 0.15 59 456 57.82 446.88 50.15 387.6

Sand whiting 145 1349 153 1474 152 1568 hig hig 0.03 0.24 152 1568 147.44 1520.96 115.52 1191.68

Luderick 541 667 513 692 470 734 med med 0.08 0.35 470 734 432.4 675.28 305.5 477.1

School whiting 828 1985 1037 2718 1082 2363 hig hig 0.03 0.24 1082 2363 1049.5 2292.11 822.32 1795.88

Dusky flathead 232 804 177 821 130 719 med med 0.08 0.35 130 719 119.6 661.48 84.5 467.35

Golden perch 66 811 101 1288 37 407 med med

Other 4645 13930 3991 12646 4573 14931 med med 0.08 0.35 4573 14931 4207.2 13736.5 2972.45 9705.15

Other NEI 22 33 20 30 19 1168 med med 0.08 0.35 19 1168 17.48 1074.56 12.35 759.2

Aquaculture

Prawns 404 6068 294 4934 346 5440 med med 0.08 0.35 346 5440 318.32 5004.8 224.9 3536

Yabbies 42 550 35 458 32 364 med med

Oysters 5241 30089 5142 31621 4916 31538 med med 0.08 0.35 4916 31538 4522.7 29015 3195.4 20499.7

Silver perch 240 2268 230 2115 278 2450 med med 0.08 0.35 278 2450 255.76 2254 180.7 1592.5

Trout 267 2047 205 1526 251 2020 med med 0.08 0.35 251 2020 230.92 1858.4 163.15 1313

Mussels 42 210 32 158 77 383 med med 0.08 0.35 77 383 70.84 352.36 50.05 248.95

Barramundi 17 189 65 586 55 589 med med 0.08 0.35 55 589 50.6 541.88 35.75 382.85

Snapper 1 9 13 138 24 220 med med 0.08 0.35 24 220 22.08 202.4 15.6 143

Ornamentals 0 349 0 575 0 338 med med 0.08 0.35 0 338 0 310.96 0 219.7

Other 30 262 11 134 19 357 med med 0.08 0.35 19 357 17.48 328.44 12.35 232.05

Victorian fisheries production

1999-2000

2000-01 p

2001-02 s

t $'000 t $'000 t $'000

Crustaceans

Rock lobster 573 18313 596 21809 472 20540 hig med 0.12 0.56 472 20540 415.36 18075.2 207.68 9037.6

Prawns 124 1564 178 2304 107 1391 med med 0.08 0.35 107 1391 98.44 1279.72 69.55 904.15

Giant crabs 20 766 20 601 10 323 med med 0.08 0.35 10 323 9.2 297.16 6.5 209.95

Other 108 385 111 398 64 357 med med 0.08 0.35 64 357 58.88 328.44 41.6 232.05

Molluscs

Abalone 1417 57715 1409 70387 1410 60630 hig low 0.24 0.72 1410 60630 1071.6 46078.8 394.8 16976.4

Scallops 292 584 810 1619 550 1283 med low 0.16 0.45 550 1283 462 1077.72 302.5 705.65

Squid a 85 474 101 618 100 719 med hig 0.02 0.15 100 719 98 704.62 85 611.15

Octopus 51 181 51 187 29 105 med med 0.08 0.35 29 105 26.68 96.6 18.85 68.25

Other 83 154 65 115 59 142 med med 0.08 0.35 59 142 54.28 130.64 38.35 92.3

Fish

Pilchards 200 334 287 654 665 2050 med hig 0.02 0.15 665 2050 651.7 2009 565.25 1742.5

Bream 210 1401 186 1280 181 1284 med med 0.08 0.35 181 1284 166.52 1181.28 117.65 834.6

Sea garfish 124 497 132 534 109 447 hig hig 0.03 0.24 109 447 105.73 433.59 82.84 339.72

Shark 60 190 59 200 61 211 med med 0.08 0.35 61 211 56.12 194.12 39.65 137.15

Snapper 61 421 83 561 72 519 med hig 0.02 0.15 72 519 70.56 508.62 61.2 441.15

Eels 137 1439 175 1836 167 1394 med hig 0.02 0.15 167 1394 163.66 1366.12 141.95 1184.9

Australian salmon 809 796 450 501 559 498 med hig 0.02 0.15 559 498 547.82 488.04 475.15 423.3

King george whiting 231 2241 176 1629 112 1329 hig med 0.12 0.56 112 1329 98.56 1169.52 49.28 584.76

Other 896 2459 1210 2769 1123 3015 med med 0.08 0.35 1123 3015 1033.2 2773.8 729.95 1959.75

Other NEI 0 0 0 0 0 0 med med 0.08 0.35 0 0 0 0 0 0

Aquaculture

Mussels 972 2362 1186 2681 1582 3734 med med 0.08 0.35 1582 3734 1455.4 3435.28 1028.3 2427.1

Yabbies 15 174 23 254 31 338 med med

Trout 1612 10903 1732 11136 1587 10666 med med

Eels 45 447 68 678 43 433 med med 0.08 0.35 43 433 39.56 398.36 27.95 281.45

Ornamental fish 0 2673 0 2713 0 3006 med med 0.08 0.35 0 3006 0 2765.52 0 1953.9

Warmwater finfish 23 337 77 1277 105 1931 med med 0.08 0.35 105 1931 96.6 1776.52 68.25 1255.15

Abalone 0 0 5 232 13 631 med med 0.08 0.35 13 631 11.96 580.52 8.45 410.15

Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 med med 0.08 0.35 0 0 0 0 0 0

Queensland fisheries production

1999-2000

2000-01 p

2001-02 s

t $'000 t $'000 t $'000

Crustaceans

Prawns 6483 80066 6929 83467 6605 75400 med med 0.08 0.35 6605 75400 6076.6 69368 4293.25 49010

Crabs 3755 22139 4356 27057 3592 23052 med med 0.08 0.35 3592 23052 3304.6 21207.8 2334.8 14983.8

Lobster (mainly bugs) 475 5705 429 4943 436 5067 med med 0.08 0.35 436 5067 401.12 4661.64 283.4 3293.55

Molluscs

Scallops 3687 18669 4744 23265 3120 15077 med med 0.08 0.35 3120 15077 2870.4 13870.8 2028 9800.05

Squid 212 1070 213 1066 165 831 med hig 0.02 0.15 165 831 161.7 814.38 140.25 706.35

Other 14 70 31 156 25 128 med med 0.08 0.35 25 128 23 117.76 16.25 83.2

Fish

Snapper 97 837 104 885 94 786 med hig 0.02 0.15 94 786 92.12 770.28 79.9 668.1

Barramundi 868 6211 874 6191 813 5719 med med 0.08 0.35 813 5719 747.96 5261.48 528.45 3717.35

Bream (including tarwhine) 182 754 199 817 156 630 med med 0.08 0.35 156 630 143.52 579.6 101.4 409.5

Mullet 1694 5491 2509 7895 1663 5034 med hig 0.02 0.15 1663 5034 1629.7 4933.32 1413.55 4278.9

Tailor 139 466 240 802 222 667 med hig 0.02 0.15 222 667 217.56 653.66 188.7 566.95

Whiting 1246 3527 814 2258 1161 2976 hig hig 0.03 0.24 1161 2976 1126.2 2886.72 882.36 2261.76

Coral trout 1643 23254 1927 27188 2086 33591 med low 0.16 0.45 2086 33591 1752.2 28216.4 1147.3 18475.1

Red throat emperor 725 3683 790 4801 852 5138 med low 0.16 0.45 852 5138 715.68 4315.92 468.6 2825.9

Blue threadfin 194 793 176 724 175 703 med med 0.08 0.35 175 703 161 646.76 113.75 456.95

King threadfin 522 2111 489 1963 467 1873 hig med 0.12 0.56 467 1873 410.96 1648.24 205.48 824.12

Shark 908 5679 1058 6624 1050 6316 med med 0.08 0.35 1050 6316 966 5810.72 682.5 4105.4

Spotted mackerel 314 1883 412 2480 167 1001 med hig 0.02 0.15 167 1001 163.66 980.98 141.95 850.85

Spanish mackerel 756 5476 602 4364 742 5256 med hig 0.02 0.15 742 5256 727.16 5150.88 630.7 4467.6

Grey mackerel 362 2211 376 2267 415 2502 med hig 0.02 0.15 415 2502 406.7 2451.96 352.75 2126.7

Other species 2381 12057 2556 13003 2689 13606 med med 0.08 0.35 2689 13606 2473.9 12517.5 1747.85 8843.9

Other NEI 401 1094 530 936 408 801 med med 0.08 0.35 408 801 375.36 736.92 265.2 520.65

Aquaculture

Prawns 2505 45200 2525 44600 3350 59000 med med 0.08 0.35 3350 59000 3082 54280 2177.5 38350

Barramundi 526 4861 569 5116 900 7500 med med 0.08 0.35 900 7500 828 6900 585 4875

Oysters 160 674 91 442 116 520 hig med 0.12 0.56 116 520 102.08 457.6 51.04 228.8

Pearls 0 768 0 489 0 100 med med 0.08 0.35 0 100 0 92 0 65

Silver perch 30 272 55 439 43 330 hig med 0.12 0.56 43 330 37.84 290.4 18.92 145.2

Jade perch 26 254 24 193 45 290 med med 0.08 0.35 45 290 41.4 266.8 29.25 188.5

Redclaw 70 828 86 1107 76 990 med med 0.08 0.35 76 990 69.92 910.8 49.4 643.5

Other 0 1624 0 2063 0 2500 med med 0.08 0.35 0 2500 0 2300 0 1625

Western Australian fisheries production

1999-2000 s

2000-01 p

2001-02 s

t $'000 t $'000 t $'000

Crustaceans

Rock lobster 14605 385612 11353 3E+05 9050 305267 hig med 0.12 0.56 9050 305267 7964 268635 3982 134317

Prawns 4781 74783 3138 41959 3497 46380 med med 0.08 0.35 3497 46380 3217.2 42669.6 2273.05 30147

Crabs 790 4405 987 6462 990 6380 med med 0.08 0.35 990 6380 910.8 5869.6 643.5 4147

Other 20 204 28 279 32 327 med med 0.08 0.35 32 327 29.44 300.84 20.8 212.55

Molluscs

Abalone 333 16340 319 18632 296 14599 hig low 0.24 0.72 296 14599 224.96 11095.2 82.88 4087.72

Scallops 3457 17356 3565 14617 1975 6574 med low 0.16 0.45 1975 6574 1659 5522.16 1086.25 3615.7

Squid 63 322 48 181 66 250 med hig 0.02 0.15 66 250 64.68 245 56.1 212.5

Other 192 13184 258 13201 358 13429 med med 0.08 0.35 358 13429 329.36 12354.7 232.7 8728.85

Fish

Tuna 34 203 17 109 27 203 med hig 0.02 0.15 27 203 26.46 198.94 22.95 172.55

Shark 1456 3609 1618 4122 1816 4315 med med 0.08 0.35 1816 4315 1670.7 3969.8 1180.4 2804.75

Sharkfin

1133

1227 med med 0.08 0.35 0 1227 0 1128.84 0 797.55

Australian salmon 2598 1299 2414 870 2621 1127 med hig 0.02 0.15 2621 1127 2568.6 1104.46 2227.85 957.95

Cobbler 306 1126 227 700 220 759 hig low 0.24 0.72 220 759 167.2 576.84 61.6 212.52

WA jewfish (dhufish) 213 1900 224 1986 251 2218 hig med 0.12 0.56 251 2218 220.88 1951.84 110.44 975.92

Spanish mackerel 338 2115 350 2221 436 2758 hig hig 0.03 0.24 436 2758 422.92 2675.26 331.36 2096.08

Sea mullet 387 744 265 555 333 696 low med 0.04 0.14 333 696 319.68 668.16 286.38 598.56

Yelloweye mullet 82 82 66 59 50 44 hig med 0.12 0.56 50 44 44 38.72 22 19.36

Pilchards 1463 1244 870 783 1610 1449 med hig 0.02 0.15 1610 1449 1577.8 1420.02 1368.5 1231.65

Australian herring 841 336 761 304 598 239 hig med 0.12 0.56 598 239 526.24 210.32 263.12 105.16

Whiting 260 1017 228 955 175 701 hig med 0.12 0.56 175 701 154 616.88 77 308.44

Breams 109 429 103 392 107 431 med med 0.08 0.35 107 431 98.44 396.52 69.55 280.15

Emperors 925 2754 879 2801 846 2692 med med 0.08 0.35 846 2692 778.32 2476.64 549.9 1749.8

Pink snapper 740 2364 835 3941 851 4017 med hig 0.02 0.15 851 4017 833.98 3936.66 723.35 3414.45

Rockcods 331 1546 287 1370 279 1313 med med 0.08 0.35 279 1313 256.68 1207.96 181.35 853.45

Tropical snappers 1273 6631 1384 6547 1572 7547 med hig 0.02 0.15 1572 7547 1540.6 7396.06 1336.2 6414.95

Other 4951 7914 4157 7415 4597 7695 med med 0.08 0.35 4597 7695 4229.2 7079.4 2988.05 5001.75

Other NEI 63 188 92 275 72 214 med med 0.08 0.35 72 214 66.24 196.88 46.8 139.1

Aquaculture

Pearls

189700

2E+05

175000 med med 0.08 0.35 0 175000 0 161000 0 113750

Yabbies 211 2781 201 2510 102 1281 med med

Marron 42 950 52 1183 47 1099 med med 0.08 0.35 47 1099 43.24 1011.08 30.55 714.35

Mussels 683 1686 964 2267 989 2817 med med 0.08 0.35 989 2817 909.88 2591.64 642.85 1831.05

Fish 57 460 95 679 94 894 med med 0.08 0.35 94 894 86.48 822.48 61.1 581.1

Gold fish / koi carp

124

122

122 med med

Ornamental

44

130

399 med med 0.08 0.35 0 399 0 367.08 0 259.35

Other

142

104

255 med med 0.08 0.35 0 255 0 234.6 0 165.75

South Australian fisheries production

1999-2000

2000-01 p

2001-02 s

t $'000 t $'000 t $'000

Crustaceans

Prawns 2416 43771 2988 52682 2631 47731 hig low 0.24 0.72 2631 47731 1999.6 36275.6 736.68 13364.7

Rock lobster 2719 81049 2563 83097 2392 91862 hig med 0.12 0.56 2392 91862 2105 80838.6 1052.48 40419.3

Crab 646 3544 739 4236 705 4356 med med 0.08 0.35 705 4356 648.6 4007.52 458.25 2831.4

Other 0 0 2 13 0 0 med med 0.08 0.35 0 0 0 0 0 0

Molluscs

Abalone 889 32394 867 40011 851 34755 hig low 0.24 0.72 851 34755 646.76 26413.8 238.28 9731.4

Pipi (Goolwa cockle) 1085 904 1250 1193 1085 1048 med low 0.16 0.45 1085 1048 911.4 880.32 596.75 576.4

Squid 400 1981 488 2429 340 1839 med hig 0.02 0.15 340 1839 333.2 1802.22 289 1563.15

Other 425 979 414 1136 392 974 med med 0.08 0.35 392 974 360.64 896.08 254.8 633.1

Fish

Australian salmon 461 568 583 773 456 552 med hig 0.02 0.15 456 552 446.88 540.96 387.6 469.2

Mullet 224 433 199 473 212 502 med med 0.08 0.35 212 502 195.04 461.84 137.8 326.3

Australian herring 302 359 231 305 262 328 hig med 0.12 0.56 262 328 230.56 288.64 115.28 144.32

Snapper 576 3246 577 3340 648 3314 med hig 0.02 0.15 648 3314 635.04 3247.72 550.8 2816.9

King george whiting 517 4847 453 4809 390 4684 hig med 0.12 0.56 390 4684 343.2 4121.92 171.6 2060.96

Garfish 476 1903 532 1998 470 2028 hig med 0.12 0.56 470 2028 413.6 1784.64 206.8 892.32

Leather jackets 316 579 260 501 395 583 med med 0.08 0.35 395 583 363.4 536.36 256.75 378.95

Pilchard 3836 2685 7368 5157 12165 8516 med hig 0.02 0.15 12165 8516 11922 8345.68 10340.3 7238.6

Yellowfin whiting 112 555 152 718 148 863 hig med 0.12 0.56 148 863 130.24 759.44 65.12 379.72

Snook 93 220 106 233 99 242 hig med 0.12 0.56 99 242 87.12 212.96 43.56 106.48

Callop (golden perch) 97 950 173 1428 97 475 med med

Other species 1201 2019 1510 2454 1165 2453 med med 0.08 0.35 1165 2453 1071.8 2256.76 757.25 1594.45

Other NEI 0 0 0 0 0 0 med med 0.08 0.35 0 0 0 0 0 0

Aquaculture

Atlantic salmon 0 0 0 0 64 596 hig low 0.24 0.72 64 596 48.64 452.96 17.92 166.88

Yabbies 16 156 17 172 8 95 med med

Marron 12 304 8 196 11 282 med med

Oysters 1761 9389 2055 11011 2425 13303 med med 0.08 0.35 2425 13303 2231 12238.8 1576.25 8646.95

Southern bluefin tuna 7780 202000 9051 3E+05 9245 260500 med hig 0.02 0.15 9245 260500 9060.1 255290 7858.25 221425

Barramundi 279 3330 264 2743 255 2653 hig med 0.12 0.56 255 2653 224.4 2334.64 112.2 1167.32

Trout 8 49 13 176 26 192 hig low

Abalone 40 2000 53 2677 34 1901 med low 0.16 0.45 34 1901 28.56 1596.84 18.7 1045.55

Mussels 81 173 111 260 171 371 med med 0.08 0.35 171 371 157.32 341.32 111.15 241.15

Other 337 2828 480 4322 270 2779 med med 0.08 0.35 270 2779 248.4 2556.68 175.5 1806.35

Tasmanian fisheries production

1999-2000

2000-01 p

2001-02 s

t $'000 t $'000 t $'000

Crustaceans

Rock lobster 1464 44761 1518 55578 1522 64619 hig med 0.12 0.56 1522 64619 1339.4 56864.7 669.68 28432.4

Giant crab 75 1887 101 2643 108 3477 med med 0.08 0.35 108 3477 99.36 3198.84 70.2 2260.05

Other 2 3 1 3 1 3 med med 0.08 0.35 1 3 0.92 2.76 0.65 1.95

Molluscs

Abalone 2568 99596 2709 1E+05 2928 120451 hig low 0.24 0.72 2928 120451 2225.3 91542.8 819.84 33726.3

Octopus 61 256 62 331 63 340 med med 0.08 0.35 63 340 57.96 312.8 40.95 221

Scallop 4554 6353 46 79 0 0 med med 0.08 0.35 0 0 0 0 0 0

Other 641 1433 236 858 194 878 med med 0.08 0.35 194 878 178.48 807.76 126.1 570.7

Fish

Australian salmon 364 1477 485 509 461 1217 med med 0.08 0.35 461 1217 424.12 1119.64 299.65 791.05

Cod 9 10 4 7 3 5 med med 0.08 0.35 3 5 2.76 4.6 1.95 3.25

Garfish 91 349 81 322 84 351 hig med 0.12 0.56 84 351 73.92 308.88 36.96 154.44

Banded morwong 34 330 39 423 52 586 med low 0.16 0.45 52 586 43.68 492.24 28.6 322.3

Jackass morwong 16 24 13 25 15 27 med med 0.08 0.35 15 27 13.8 24.84 9.75 17.55

Elephant shark 17 25 17 26 18 40 hig med 0.12 0.56 18 40 15.84 35.2 7.92 17.6

Bastard trumpter 35 106 26 82 24 84 med med 0.08 0.35 24 84 22.08 77.28 15.6 54.6

Striped trumpter 88 499 42 232 40 281 med med 0.08 0.35 40 281 36.8 258.52 26 182.65

School whiting 32 48 43 64 40 63 hig med 0.12 0.56 40 63 35.2 55.44 17.6 27.72

Wrasse 85 502 88 625 90 665 med med 0.08 0.35 90 665 82.8 611.8 58.5 432.25

Shark 147 777 92 446 70 284 med med 0.08 0.35 70 284 64.4 261.28 45.5 184.6

Other 395 889 211 481 359 710 med med 0.08 0.35 359 710 330.28 653.2 233.35 461.5

Other NEI 179 7802 259 5425 146 5529 med med 0.08 0.35 146 5529 134.32 5086.68 94.9 3593.85

Aquaculture

Salmonids 10907 84845 12724 99247 14292 111476 hig low 0.24 0.72 14292 111476 10862 84721.8 4001.76 31213.3

Oysters 2493 13176 2272 12007 2188 11566 med med 0.08 0.35 2188 11566 2013 10640.7 1422.2 7517.9

Mussels 239 837 216 758 217 758 med med 0.08 0.35 217 758 199.64 697.36 141.05 492.7

Other 0 1500 0 3000 0 4000 med med 0.08 0.35 0 4000 0 3680 0 2600

Northern Territory fisheries production

1999-2000

2000-01 p

2001-02 s

t $'000 t $'000 t $'000

Crustaceans

Crab 996 12046 1123 10341 1121 10324 med med 0.08 0.35 1121 10324 1031.3 9498.08 728.65 6710.6

Other 2 16 85 811 68 554 med med 0.08 0.35 68 554 62.56 509.68 44.2 360.1

Molluscs

Scallops 2 5 1 3 2 4 med low 0.16 0.45 2 4 1.68 3.36 1.1 2.2

Squid 5 19 1 4 9 49 med hig 0.02 0.15 9 49 8.82 48.02 7.65 41.65

Other 342 3275 201 1958 118 1148 med med 0.08 0.35 118 1148 108.56 1056.16 76.7 746.2

Fish

Tuna 9 38 12 46 6 23 hig hig 0.03 0.24 6 23 5.82 22.31 4.56 17.48

Shark 453 2213 510 2401 489 2250 med med 0.08 0.35 489 2250 449.88 2070 317.85 1462.5

Snapper 206 1225 284 1738 253 1469 med med 0.08 0.35 253 1469 232.76 1351.48 164.45 954.85

Barramundi 878 4506 1041 5510 970 5126 med med 0.08 0.35 970 5126 892.4 4715.92 630.5 3331.9

Threadfin salmon 298 553 430 868 366 743 med med 0.08 0.35 366 743 336.72 683.56 237.9 482.95

Jewfish (mulloway) 93 228 142 332 132 330 med med 0.08 0.35 132 330 121.44 303.6 85.8 214.5

Emperor 71 344 136 806 91 533 med med 0.08 0.35 91 533 83.72 490.36 59.15 346.45

Cod 22 110 33 171 29 152 med med 0.08 0.35 29 152 26.68 139.84 18.85 98.8

Mackerel 546 2164 622 2562 940 3645 med med 0.08 0.35 940 3645 864.8 3353.4 611 2369.25

Gold band snapper 268 1245 388 1991 326 1942 med med 0.08 0.35 326 1942 299.92 1786.64 211.9 1262.3

Sea perch 717 3655 872 4047 656 3043 med med 0.08 0.35 656 3043 603.52 2799.56 426.4 1977.95

Other 145 387 222 682 185 621 med med 0.08 0.35 185 621 170.2 571.32 120.25 403.65

Other NEI 0 0 0 0 0 0 med med 0.08 0.35 0 0 0 0 0 0

Aquaculture 0 55000 0 34500 0 4627 med med 0.08 0.35 0 4627 0 4256.84 0 3007.55

Commonwealth fisheries production

1999-2000

2000-01 p

2001-02 s

t $'000 t $'000 t $'000

Northern prawn

Prawn

Tiger 2195 61504 2116 65603 1958 48321 hig med 0.12 0.56 1958 48321 1723 42522.5 861.52 21261.2

Banana 2222 31010 6286 84854 5419 71910 hig med 0.12 0.56 5419 71910 4768.7 63280.8 2384.36 31640.4

Endeavour 972 13412 868 11933 1132 13130 hig med 0.12 0.56 1132 13130 996.16 11554.4 498.08 5777.2

King 12 169 7 94 2 31 hig med 0.12 0.56 2 31 1.76 27.28 0.88 13.64

Other prawns 2 33 2 25 1 7 hig med 0.12 0.56 1 7 0.88 6.16 0.44 3.08

Other species 202 1235 473 2158 230 1236 hig med 0.12 0.56 230 1236 202.4 1087.68 101.2 543.84

Torres Strait

Prawn

Tiger 531 11691 591 13873 705 13495 hig med 0.12 0.56 705 13495 620.4 11875.6 310.2 5937.8

Endeavour 1191 14287 1145 12026 888 8213 hig med 0.12 0.56 888 8213 781.44 7227.44 390.72 3613.72

King 79 1145 64 982 167 2106 hig med 0.12 0.56 167 2106 146.96 1853.28 73.48 926.64

Other prawns 1 7 3 7 3 22 hig med 0.12 0.56 3 22 2.64 19.36 1.32 9.68

Other a 70 314 57 669 73 709 hig med 0.12 0.56 73 709 64.24 623.92 32.12 311.96

Tropical rock lobster 359 5389 274 7117 330 8844 med med 0.08 0.35 330 8844 303.6 8136.48 214.5 5748.6

Spanish mackerel

Spanish mackerel 251 1543 251 1715 120 639 med hig 0.02 0.15 120 639 117.6 626.22 102 543.15

Other mackerel 29 90 27 115 13 148 med hig 0.02 0.15 13 148 12.74 145.04 11.05 125.8

Pearls 0 0 0 0 0 0 med med 0.08 0.35 0 0 0 0 0 0

South east - trawl

Orange roughy 4015 14012 4186 14107 3398 12402 low med 0.04 0.14 3398 12402 3262.1 11905.9 2922.28 10665.7

Blue grenadier 9493 21264 7561 9754 9156 18038 low med 0.04 0.14 9156 18038 8789.8 17316.5 7874.16 15512.7

Tiger flathead 3485 7319 2631 6235 2855 11934 med med 0.08 0.35 2855 11934 2626.6 10979.3 1855.75 7757.1

Redfish 1009 1220 774 1346 864 1175 med med 0.08 0.35 864 1175 794.88 1081 561.6 763.75

Blue warehou 375 747 363 838 329 499 med med 0.08 0.35 329 499 302.68 459.08 213.85 324.35

Silver warehou 2849 3020 3792 5119 3657 5486 med med 0.08 0.35 3657 5486 3364.4 5047.12 2377.05 3565.9

School whiting 385 732 496 621 509 1533 med med 0.08 0.35 509 1533 468.28 1410.36 330.85 996.45

Jackass morwong 822 1554 919 1681 796 1647 hig med 0.12 0.56 796 1647 700.48 1449.36 350.24 724.68

Ling 1743 6381 1465 6550 1178 3605 med med 0.08 0.35 1178 3605 1083.8 3316.6 765.7 2343.25

Gemfish 447 1431 456 1784 220 848 med med 0.08 0.35 220 848 202.4 780.16 143 551.2

Silver trevally 72 157 121 391 144 294 med med 0.08 0.35 144 294 132.48 270.48 93.6 191.1

Mirror dory 276 591 239 705 406 795 med med 0.08 0.35 406 795 373.52 731.4 263.9 516.75

Royal red prawn 450 1251 283 1064 378 1250 med med 0.08 0.35 378 1250 347.76 1150 245.7 812.5

Ocean perch 363 1049 373 567 307 901 med med 0.08 0.35 307 901 282.44 828.92 199.55 585.65

John dory 159 841 143 1145 136 791 med med 0.08 0.35 136 791 125.12 727.72 88.4 514.15

Blue eye 105 718 103 727 68 384 med med 0.08 0.35 68 384 62.56 353.28 44.2 249.6

Gummy shark 71 229 90 298 108 521 med med 0.08 0.35 108 521 99.36 479.32 70.2 338.65

School shark 44 160 33 127 32 167 med med 0.08 0.35 32 167 29.44 153.64 20.8 108.55

Saw shark 0 0 50 135 77 164 hig med 0.12 0.56 77 164 67.76 144.32 33.88 72.16

Elephant fish 8 12 8 14 10 16 med med 0.08 0.35 10 16 9.2 14.72 6.5 10.4

Other 4319 9373 4527 10604 3630 7508 med med 0.08 0.35 3630 7508 3339.6 6907.36 2359.5 4880.2

South east - nontrawl

Blue eye 512 3490 580 4098 411 2333 med med 0.08 0.35 411 2333 378.12 2146.36 267.15 1516.45

Blue warehou 225 447 37 86 23 35 med med 0.08 0.35 23 35 21.16 32.2 14.95 22.75

Ling 296 1084 231 1032 457 2317 med med 0.08 0.35 457 2317 420.44 2131.64 297.05 1506.05

Gummy shark 1 2 1 4 41 218 med med 0.08 0.35 41 218 37.72 200.56 26.65 141.7

School shark 2 6 1 6 10 57 med med 0.08 0.35 10 57 9.2 52.44 6.5 37.05

Saw shark 0 0 0 0 2 5 hig med 0.12 0.56 2 5 1.76 4.4 0.88 2.2

Elephant fish 0 0 0 1 2 4 med med 0.08 0.35 2 4 1.84 3.68 1.3 2.6

Other 200 563 160 550 216 653 med med 0.08 0.35 216 653 198.72 600.76 140.4 424.45

South Tasman Rise 346 835 762 2325 311 920 med med 0.08 0.35 311 920 286.12 846.4 202.15 598

Southern shark

School shark 451 1710 289 1249 307 1784 med med 0.08 0.35 307 1784 282.44 1641.28 199.55 1159.6

Gummy shark 1748 6624 2409 10406 2269 12183 med med 0.08 0.35 2269 12183 2087.5 11208.4 1474.85 7918.95

Saw shark 246 651 341 930 258 549 hig med 0.12 0.56 258 549 227.04 483.12 113.52 241.56

Elephant fish 56 83 80 136 72 110 med med 0.08 0.35 72 110 66.24 101.2 46.8 71.5

Other shark 194 368 283 513 197 532 med med 0.08 0.35 197 532 181.24 489.44 128.05 345.8

Other species 31 87 38 111 54 141 med med 0.08 0.35 54 141 49.68 129.72 35.1 91.65

Great Australian Bight

Orange roughy 822 2870 296 998 358 1307 low med 0.04 0.14 358 1307 343.68 1254.72 307.88 1124.02

King flathead 555 1266 783 2082 918 2589 med med 0.08 0.35 918 2589 844.56 2381.88 596.7 1682.85

Bight redfish 328 864 398 620 229 309 med med 0.08 0.35 229 309 210.68 284.28 148.85 200.85

Leather jacket 108 295 150 470 119 274 med med 0.08 0.35 119 274 109.48 252.08 77.35 178.1

Angel shark 98 234 71 128 118 325 hig med 0.12 0.56 118 325 103.84 286 51.92 143

Boarfish 56 149 39 101 104 215 med med 0.08 0.35 104 215 95.68 197.8 67.6 139.75

Jackass morwong 94 178 59 108 44 90 med med 0.08 0.35 44 90 40.48 82.8 28.6 58.5

Squid 22 29 58 123 46 51 med med 0.08 0.35 46 51 42.32 46.92 29.9 33.15

Knifejaw 31 35 32 36 34 28 hig med 0.12 0.56 34 28 29.92 24.64 14.96 12.32

Gemfish 132 423 82 320 43 166 med med 0.08 0.35 43 166 39.56 152.72 27.95 107.9

Blue grenadier 12 28 15 19 17 34 med med 0.08 0.35 17 34 15.64 31.28 11.05 22.1

Queen snapper 23 30 24 125 23 67 hig med 0.12 0.56 23 67 20.24 58.96 10.12 29.48

Spotted trevalla 29 31 12 16 1 2 med med 0.08 0.35 1 2 0.92 1.84 0.65 1.3

School shark 1 6 2 9 1 6 med med 0.08 0.35 1 6 0.92 5.52 0.65 3.9

Gummy shark 10 34 15 50 32 154 med med 0.08 0.35 32 154 29.44 141.68 20.8 100.1

Saw shark 24 63 32 89 34 72 hig med 0.12 0.56 34 72 29.92 63.36 14.96 31.68

Elephant fish 1 1 0 0 0 0 hig med 0.12 0.56 0 0 0 0 0 0

Other 141 312 187 461 306 665 med med 0.08 0.35 306 665 281.52 611.8 198.9 432.25

Eastern tuna and billfish - longline and minor line

Yellowfin 1307 17292 1922 25254 2463 29309 med hig 0.02 0.15 2463 29309 2413.7 28722.8 2093.55 24912.7

Skipjack 5 8 3 5 8 13 med hig 0.02 0.15 8 13 7.84 12.74 6.8 11.05

Albacore 363 604 398 787 666 1439 med hig 0.02 0.15 666 1439 652.68 1410.22 566.1 1223.15

Bigeye 678 12162 998 16169 1019 16747 med hig 0.02 0.15 1019 16747 998.62 16412.1 866.15 14235

Billfish 2604 18200 2573 18304 3129 27907 med hig 0.02 0.15 3129 27907 3066.4 27348.9 2659.65 23721

Other 578 1612 745 2176 1064 3529 med hig 0.02 0.15 1064 3529 1042.7 3458.42 904.4 2999.65

Eastern tuna and billfish - purse seine and pole

Yellowfin 0 0 5 71 1 7 med hig 0.02 0.15 1 7 0.98 6.86 0.85 5.95

Skipjack 4492 6963 1544 2749 194 313 med hig 0.02 0.15 194 313 190.12 306.74 164.9 266.05

Other 0 0 0 0 12 28 med hig 0.02 0.15 12 28 11.76 27.44 10.2 23.8

Southern bluefin tuna 5263 56517 5282 62134 5296 72432 med hig 0.02 0.15 5296 72432 5190.1 70983.4 4501.6 61567.2

Western and southern tuna

Albacore 25 54 66 231 71 124 med hig 0.02 0.15 71 124 69.58 121.52 60.35 105.4

Skipjack 402 622 973 1732 1154 1858 med hig 0.02 0.15 1154 1858 1130.9 1820.84 980.9 1579.3

Yellowfin 354 4804 605 8845 429 3864 med hig 0.02 0.15 429 3864 420.42 3786.72 364.65 3284.4

Bigeye 554 9122 352 5946 458 6130 med hig 0.02 0.15 458 6130 448.84 6007.4 389.3 5210.5

Other tuna 21 28 1 13 25 63 med hig 0.02 0.15 25 63 24.5 61.74 21.25 53.55

Billfish 1409 14130 2139 17198 1992 21245 med hig 0.02 0.15 1992 21245 1952.2 20820.1 1693.2 18058.3

Other species 95 300 170 497 171 399 med med 0.08 0.35 171 399 157.32 367.08 111.15 259.35

Bass Strait scallop 0 0 0 0 0 0 hig low 0.24 0.72 0 0 0 0 0 0

Other fisheries d 4538 22565 6258 22455 10880 28256 med med 0.08 0.35 10880 28256 10010 25995.5 7072 18366.4

Marine tourism

ERM 1995/96 total/3

7E+06

7E+06

7E+06 med med 0.08 0.35 0 7300000 0 6716000 0 4745000

(excludes swim & sail)

Recreational fishing

Tackle and bait 27200 170000 27200 2E+05 27200 170000 med med 0.08 0.35 27200 170000 25024 156400 17680 110500

Boating (60% of total)

300000

3E+05

300000 med hig 0.02 0.15 0 300000 0 294000 0 255000

International tourists

200000

2E+05

200000 med hig 0.02 0.15 0 200000 0 196000 0 170000

(ABS 2002 estimates)

Appendix B: Summary Statistics

Impact 2030

Jurisdiction 2002 Future

-ve Change (future - baseline) -ve % Change

t $'000 t $'000 t $'000

NSW 22,236 134,953 20,858 123,052 1,379 11,901 6.20

VIC 7,593 105,972 6,792 87,149 801 18,823 10.55

QLD 31,633 277,384 29,108 253,099 2,525 24,285 7.98

WA 33,855 613,315 30,941 549,969 2,914 63,346 8.61

SA 37,270 488,733 34,842 448,482 2,428 40,251 6.51

TAS 22,915 327,410 18,256 261,459 4,659 65,951 20.33

NT 5,761 36,583 5,301 33,660 460 2,923 7.99

COMM 75,388 480,627 70,483 448,113 4,905 32,514 6.51

Tourism 7,300,000 6,716,000 584,000 8.00

Rec fishing 27,200 670,000 25,024 646,400 2,176 23,600 8.00

Total 263,851 10,434,977 241,605 9,567,384 22,246 867,593 8.31

Impact 2070 Jurisdiction 2002 Future Change % Change

t $'000 t $'000 t $'000

NSW 22,236 134,953 16,033 86,131 6,203 48,822 27.90

VIC 7,593 105,972 4,561 42,813 3,032 63,159 39.94

QLD 31,633 277,384 20,958 179,398 10,676 97,986 33.75

WA 33,855 613,315 20,959 330,905 12,896 282,410 38.09

SA 37,270 488,733 26,529 320,027 10,741 168,706 28.82

TAS 22,915 327,410 8,169 113,280 14,746 214,130 64.35

NT 5,761 36,583 3,747 23,791 2,014 12,792 34.96

COMM 75,388 480,627 52,833 322,206 22,555 158,421 29.92

Tourism 7,300,000 4,745,000 2,555,000 35.00

Rec fishing 27,200 670,000 17,680 535,500 9,520 134,500 35.00

Total 263,851 10,434,977 171,467 6,699,049 92,384 3,735,928 35.80