Final Project Report

Minor Research Project Funded by University Grants

Commission Entitled Conservation of Tuberous,

Rhizomatous and Corms Plants From Sangli District.

Submitted To,

University Grants Commission

Submitted By

Dr. V. B. Awale

Principal Investigator

Dr. Patangrao Kadam Mahavidyalaya,

Sangli 416416

CONTENTS

1. Maps- India, Mah., Sangli District, Chandoli National Park,

Sagreshwar Wild Life Sanctuary.

2. Photographic Plates.

3. Acknowledgement.

4. Introduction.

5. Plan of Work and Methods Adopted.

6. Plant Description.

7. References.

8. Publications.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

It gives me great immense pleasure to express deep sense of gratitude and sincere

thanks to Dr. Madhukar Y. Cholekar (Bachulkar) Principal, Shri Vijaysinha Yadav Arts and

Science College Peth-Vadgaon, Dist. Kolhapur, for suggesting the research problem and for

valuable guidance during this research work.

I am thankful to Dr. S.R. Yadav, Professor and Head of the Botany Department,

Shivaji University Kolhapur and Prof. S. S. Kamble ( Former Head ) for providing

laboratory facilities and constant encouragement.

It is my pleasant duty to express my gratitudes to Hon. Dr. Patangrao Kadam,

Founder Bharati Vidyapeeth, Pune and Chancellor, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University,

Pune. Hon. Principal Dr. Shivajirao Kadam Sir, Vice Chancellor of Bharati Vidyapeeth

Deemed University, Pune and Hon. Vishwajeeth Kadam Sir, Secretary of Bharati

Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune for encouragement to carry out this research work and

Hon. Dr. D. G. Kanase, Principal, Dr. Patangrao Kadam Mahavidyalaya, Sangli for the

constant encouragement and for providing necessary facilities.

I am thankful to Deputy Director, Botanical Survey of India Western Circle, Pune for

allowing us to consult herbarium and to use library facilities and for the confirmation of some

plant species.

Thanks are due to Dr. Girish Potdar Department of Botany, Yashwantrao Chavan

College, Karad and Dr. C. B. Salunkhe, Krishna Mahavidyalaya, Rethre Bk., Karad for

confirming the identification of grass species and I am very happy to express thanks to Mr.

Vijaykumar Prathamshetty, Plant lover and Secretary, Nature Foundation Sangli for his

valuable help and constant encouragement.

I also express my thanks to Dr. A. S. Bhoite, Pro. Vice-Chancellor, Shivaji

University, Kolhapur. Prin. Dr. C. J. Khilare, Science Dean, Shivaji University, Kolhapur.

Dr. S. S. Deovkule HOD Dept. Botany, University of Pune, Dr. S. S. Kavade, Vidya

Pratishthan’s, ASC College, Baramati, Prin. Dr. S. B. Bhamburdekar, Chairman, BOS,

Botany, Shivaji University Kolhapur.

I am also thankful to Forest Department especially Hon, Shri Suresh Thorat, APCCF,

Shri. Mohan Karnat, CCF, Shri. S. L. Zure, D.F.O. Kolhapur, Shri Mane, R.F.O. Chandoli

National Park and Shri. N. A. Patil, ACF, Shri Sanjay Naykal R.F.O. Sagreshwar Wild Life

Sanctuary. Shri. Bhausaheb Galande Dy. Collector, Sangli. I also express my thanks to Dr. S.

S. Sathe, Vasantdada Patil College, Tasgaon, Shri. D. G. Jagtap, Shri Vijaysinha Yadav Arts

and Science College Peth-Vadgaon. Dr. V. B. Shimpale, The New College, Kolhapur. Shri.

R. S. Suryawanshi, Sangola Mahavidyalaya, Sangola. Shri V. V. Patil, Shri. A. P. Patil, Shri.

M. H. Patil, Shri. P. R. Kumbhar and Shri.C. A. Shete, Dr. Patangrao Kadam Mahavidyalaya,

Sangli. Dr. V. S. Salunkhe, MBSK Mahavidyalaya, Kadegaon, Dr. Mrs. U. S. Yadav,

Willingdon College, Sangli,

I am also thankful to Shri. Pradeep Sutar, Photographer, Indrajeet Sutar, Shri. Ajit

Patil, and Samadhan Pore Sangli

I remain indebted to my Father, Mother, my wife Sou.Tejaswini and my daughter Kranti and

son Omkar for their constant encouragement and valuable help.

(Dr. Vikas B. Awale)

Introduction :

Sangli is one of the southern districts of Maharashtra lying between 16o 43 ’ to 17o

38 ’ North latitudes and 73o 41’ and 75o 41’ East longitudes and has an area of 8591. 3

sq. km. District is lying mainly in the basin of river Krishna and tributaries of Warana,

Yerala, Agrni Man etc. District has ten talukas of which Shirala taluka and to some

extent Atpadi taluka are hilly while the greater part of district lies in plains. Vegetation of

Petlond in Shirala taluka and it’s adjoining is part of ‘Chandoli Wild Life Sanctury’

recently declared as “ Chandoli National Park’’ and Chandoli- Koyana Tiger Project.

Another Wild life Sanctuary in Sangli district is Sagreshwar. Wild Life Sanctuary in

Kadegaon taluka .

District lies in drought prone area of the Southern Maharashtra. The Government

agencies have taken up some programs in the surrounding villages under Jawhar Rojgar

Yojana, Integrated Rural Development Program, Indira Awas Yojana, Agricutural and

Land Development programs etc. sanctioned by various departments. The plantation were

undertaken with objective of soil and moisture conservation, fodder development and

improvement of habitat. A large number of indigenous and some exotic tree species and

fodder grasses were planted in some part of the District.

Plan of Work and Methods Adopted :

Extensive and intensive collection of Rhizomatous, Corm and Tuberous plant

species were made by visiting various places of Sangli District in different seasons for two

years. Specimens were identified by using various reference book, viz The Flora of

Presidency of Bombay- T. Cooke (1901-1908), Flora of Maharashtra State ( Dicotyledons )

Vol.-I, II., Singh, et.al (2000, 2001). Flora of Maharashtra State (Monocotyledons), Sharma

et.al (2002), and Flora of Kolhapur District , Yadav and Sardesai (2002). Identification were

confirmed at Botanical Survey of India, Western Circle Pune. Some specimen were

conserved in the greenhouse of Botany Department, Dr. Patangrao Kadam Mahavidyalaya

Sangli . The description of plant species are given in this project report.

Plant Species Description

Asclepidaceae R.Br.

Ceropegia bulbosa Roxb. Pl.Corom. 1: 11. t. 7. 1798; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 67. 1883;

Cooke, Fl. Pres. Bombay 2: 240. 1958 (Repr.) Jagtap & Das Das in Singh et. al . Fl.

Maharashtra St. Dicot. 2 : 349. 2001. Kharpudi , Khartundi.

1.Leaves orbicular, ovate--------------------------------------------------------------- var. bulbosa

1.Leaves linear to lanceolate----------------------------------------------------------- var.lushii

var. bulbosa

Tuberous twiners. Leaves subsessile to petiolate, glabrous. Flowers in lateral,

umbellate cymes. Corolla grayish-purple, tube long, inflated at base, narrow in middle,

funnel shaped above, lobes linear, hairy inside and along margins. Outer corona saucer

shaped, entire or broadly shallow, sickle-shaped or divergent. Follicles cylindrical, tapering

towards an acute apex, glabrous; pericarp thin. Seeds ovate-oblong, flattened.

Fls. & Frts: July-Oct. Exsiccata : VBA .430

Infrequent among bushes on hill slopes.

Localities: Dandoba , Rethredharan ,Sagreshwar , Yedenipani.

var.lushii (Grah.); Hook. f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 68. 1883; Cooke, Fl. Pres. Bombay 2: 241.

1958 (Repr.); Ansari in Fasc. Fl.India 16:11. 1984; Jagtap et al N.P.Singh in Fasc. Fl. India

24: 218 .1999. C. lushii Grah. in Bot. Mag. T. 3300 . 1834 . C. acuminata Roxb. Pl. Corom.

1: 12, t. 8. 1795; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 78. 1883.

Tuberous twiners .Leaves petiolate, thick,fleshy, linear-lanceolate, glabrous. Flowers

in axillary cymes. Corolla 1 cm. long; corona biserate, outer saucer shaped and inner sickle

shaped.

Fls. & Frts: July-Oct. Exsiccata : VBA. 717

Infrequent in rocky hilly regions.

Locality : Vaiphale

Ceropegia hirsuta Wight & Arn . in Wight , Contrib. 30 .1834; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. India 4: 71.

1883; Cooke, Fl. Pres. Bombay 2: 242. 1958 (Repr.); Jagtap & Das Das in Singh et. al. Fl.

Maharashtra St. Dicot. 2 : 350. 2001.

Tuberous twining herbs , hairy throughout. Leaves ovate to lanceolate, variable .

Flowers few- many, cymes. Corolla inflated at base, funnel shaped above, lobes hairy

inside and on the margins. Outer corona saucer shaped, entire or broadly shallow, inner

linear, erect.

Fls. & Frts: July- Oct. Exsiccata : VBA.583.

Common along bushes.

Localities : Dandoba , Rethredharan ,Sagreshwar , Yedenipani.

Ceropegia jainii Ansari & Kulkarni in Bull .Bot. Surv. India 22: 221.1982; Ansari in Fasc.

Fl. India 16: 18 .1984; Jagtap & Das Das in Singh et. al . Fl. Maharashtra St. Dicot. 2 : 351.

2001.

Tuberous herbs . Leaves linear, elliptic. Stem short, hairy. Flowers axilary,

uniflowered on short peduncles. Corolla purplish brown , lobes linear, lanceolate. Outer

corona of 5-bidentate, ciliate lobes, inner erect , linear .

Fls. & Frts: July – Sept. Exsiccata : VBA 1112

Rare ,in rock crevices .

Locality : Chandoli.

Ceropegia media ( Hubber ) Ansari in Bull. Bot. Surv. India 11 : 199-201.1969 et in Fasc.

Fl. India 16:24 . 1984 ; Jagtap et N.P. Singh 24:232.1999; Jagtap & Das Das in Singh et.

al . Fl. Maharashtra St. Dicot. 2 : 353. 2001. C.evansii McC . var. media Huber in Mem .

Soc.Broter .12: 67 ,t .3 , f. 22b. 1957; Sant & Irani in Univ. Bombay Bot . Mem. no.4

:32.1962.

Herbs , twining ; stem slender ,terete . Leaves petiolate, linear –lanceolate , acute .

Flowers in cymes, peduncles and pedicels hairy .Corolla pinkish , base slightly inflated ;

corona biseriate .

Fls. & Frts: July – Oct. Exsiccata : VBA1125

Rare, among bushes.

Locality : Chandoli.

Ceropegia vincaefolia Hook. in Bot. Mag .t. 3740. 1839, emend Ansari ,Bull . Bot. Surv.

India 13. 187. 1971 ; Jagtap & Das in Singh et. al . Fl. Maharashtra St. Dicot. 2 : 357.

2001. C. stocksii Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 4 : 74. 1883 ; Cooke, Fl. Pres. Bombay 2: 242.

1958 (Repr.)

Tuberous twing herbs . Leaves ovate , petiolate. Floweres many in axillary

cymes. Corolla inflated at base, abruptly narrowed into the neck , margins hairy .Outer

corona 5- lobed, entire emerginate , hairy .

Fls. & Frts: July – Sept. Exsiccata : VBA 1140

Infrequent among bushes.

Localities : Chandoli.

Lamiaceae Lindl.

Plectranthus Andr.

*Plectranthus barbatus Andr. Bot . Repos . 9 .t. 594 . 1809 ; Kulkarni & Das Das in

Singh et. al . Fl. Maharashtra St. Dicot. 2 : 747 . 2001. Coleus barbatus (Andr.) Benth . in

Wall. Pl. Asiat . Rar . 2 : 15. 1831 ; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 4 : 625.1885 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres.

Bombay 2 : 530 .1958 (Repr.) Minemula .

Perennial herbs. Stem lying on the grounding , thick ,4- angled, hirsute , glandular .

Leaves ovate – oblong , pilose on both surfaces , gland dotted, apex obtuse , margins

serrulate. Flowers in whorls inracemes. Calyx campanulate , hispid out side . Corolla

purplish or blue ; upper lip 4- lobed ; lower lip boat shaped , glandular .Nutlets subglobose ,

smooth , blakish .

Fls. & Frts: Aug.- Dec. Exsiccata : VBA .505.

Cultivated in fields for roots.

Localities : Bhose , K.Digraj , Kalambi, Kundal ,Nerle , Padali, Visapur.

Araceae Juss.

Amorphophalluas Bl. Ex Decne ( nom. cons)

Amorphophalluas bulbifer (Roxb.) Bl. Rumph. 1: 148. 1835; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 515.

1893 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 336 .1958 (Repr.); Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl.

Maharashtra St. Monocot. 209. 1996. Arum bulbiferum Roxb. Fl. Ind. 3: 510. 1832.

Tuberous herbs. Leaves 30-40 cm in dia. ; petiole 3-4 ft. long, spoted, 3- partite;

leaflets 7.5-20 cm. long obovate or lanceolate with purple edges, bulbiferous. Peduncles 20-

30 cm. long. Spathes 12- 20 cm. long , pale pink or yellowish. Spadix unisexual. Male

flowers above . Females flowers at lower side. Appendage yellowish white .Berries globose

or ovoid.

Fls. & Frts: - Apr.- Jul.

Frequent along forests borders.

Locality : Chandoli.

Colocasia Schott (nom.cons.)

Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott & Endl. Meletem. Bot. 1:18.1832 ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et

al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 228. 1996. Arum esculentum L.Sp.Pl. 965. 1753

.Colocassia antiquorum Schott in Schott & Endl. . Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 523. 1893 ;

Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 340 .1958 (Repr.) . Alu .

Tuberous herbs . Leaves large , ovate with a broad triangular basal sinus . Flowers

unisexual in spadix . Spathe larger than the spadix ; yellowish .

Fls.: July.

Commonly cultivated .

Cryptocoryne Fisch. ex Wydl .

Cryptocoryne spiralis ( Retz.) Fischerex Wydler in Linnea 5:428 .1830 ; var. spiralis . Hook .

f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 494. 1893 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 329 .1958 (Repr.) ; Lakshmi .

in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 280. 1996. Arum spirale Retz.,

Obs.Bot.1:30. 1779 .

A small grass like herbs. Root stock tuberous . Leaves linear – lanceolate, acuminate

at the apex . Spathes greenish out side , dark purple and transversally banded inside .

Capsules subglobose , dark purple . Seeds spindle shaped.

Fls. & Frts: - Aug .- Dec. Exsiccata : VBA.217

Very common in wet places along streamside and river sides.

Localities : Sangli , Tasgaon .

Aponogetonaceae

Aponogeton L.f. ( non.cons)

Aponogeton satarensis Sundararaghavan et al. in Kew Bull. 36: 687, f. 1. ( A-K). 1982;

Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 239. 1996. Vaytura.

Annual, aquatic, herbs, partly submerged . Tuber globose. Leaves lanceolate, base

cuneate to rounded, apex tapering, acute. Spathes conical. Spikes dioecious,, forked. Purple.

Tepals purple turning rose to pale white. Follicles with 1-2 seeds.

Fls. & Frts: - Jul.- Sept.

Occasional, in wet lands on plateaus.

Locality : Chandoli.

Orchidaceae Juss.

Eria Lindl. (nom.cons.)

Eria dalzellii ( Hook. ex Dalz.) Lindl. in J. Linn.Soc. 3: 47. 1859; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 5:

789. 1890; Cooke, Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 193 .1958 (Repr.) ; Sant & Kapad, Orch. Bombay

151, t. 35 .1966; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 25 . 1996;

Dendrobium dalzellii Hook. ex Dalz. in Hook. Kew J. Bot. 4:292. 1852.

Epiphytic herbs. Pseudobulbs discoid. Leaves sessile, sheathing at base, elliptic to

oblanceolate, obtuse minutely papillose at margins. Inflorescence racemes, in second.

Flowers greenish- yellow, bracteate. Capsules ellipsoid to obovoid.

Fls. & Frts: - Jul.- Oct.

Common at higher altitudes.

Locality : Chandoli.

Habenaria Willd.

Habenaria commelinifolia ( Roxb.) Wall. ex Lindl. Gen. Sp. Orchid.325. 1885; Hook . f. Fl.

Brit. India 6: 143. 1890; Cooke, Fl. Pres. Bombay 3: 224 .1958 (Repr.) ; Sant & Kapad,

Orch. Bombay 25, t. 4, f. 11-12. 1966; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St.

Monocot. 34 . 1996. Orchid commelinifolia Roxb. Fl.Ind. 3: 415. 1832.

Terrestrial herbs. Tubers 1-2 , ellipsoid. Leaves alternately distichous, oblong or

oblong- lanceolate, acute . Inflorescence spike, peduncle bracteate. Sepals and petals white ,

3- nerved. Lip white 3- partite almost to base. Spur narrowly linear, curved. Capsules

fusiform.

Fls. & Frts: - Aug.- Dec. Exsiccata : VBA226

Common in flat grass lands.

Locality : Chandoli

Habenaria grandifloriformis Baltt .& McC. in J.Bombay national Hist . Soc. 36:17.1932

emend Sant .& Kapad. in J. Bombay national Hist . Soc. 56:195.1959 ; Lakshmi . in Sharma

et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 38 . 1996 .H.grandiflora Lindl. ex Dalz. & Gibs.

Bombay Fl. 267.1861 nonTorr. Ex Beck . 1823 ; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 136 . 1890 ;

Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 221 .1958 (Repr.).

Terrestrial herbs; tubers globose or ellipsoid . Leaves opposite ,broadly ovate to

orbicular . Flowers in erect racemes , bracteate , pedicellate ,white . Lip 3- partite. Capsules

strongly ribbled .

Fls. & Frts: - Aug.- Dec. Exsiccata : VBA1132

Very common species distributed throughout. Flowers scented.

Locality : Chandoli .

Habenaria marginata Coleb.in Hook . Exot . Fl. 2, 17 : t . 136 . 1824 var. marginata ;

Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 150 . 1890 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 226 .1958 (Repr.) ;

Sant . & Kap. Orch. Bombay 33 , t. 5, f . 17. 1966.

Herbs . Tubers ovoid or ellipsoid. Leaves 2-5 , oblong , oblong – elliptic or ovate to

ovate – lanceolate ,acute, obtuse or mucreonate . Inflorescence spicate in dense . Flowers

greenish – yellow, sessile , bracteate. Cpsules turgid , curved .

Fls. & Frts: - July- Nov. Exsiccata : VBA.969.

Grow in moist places near bushes.

Localities : Chandoli , Dandoba, Sagreshwar.

Oberonia Lindl.

Oberonia recurva Lindl. in Bot. Reg. Misc. No. 8, 1839 ; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 5 : 680.

1888 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3: 178. 1958 (Repr.) ; Sant & Kapad, Orch. Bombay 60.

1966; O. lingmalensis Blatt. & McC. in J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 35 : 255. 1931. O. recurva

var. ingmalensis (Blatt. & McC.) Sant & Kapad in J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 57 : 259. 1966

& Orch. Bombay 62. 1966; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 50 .

1996 .

Herbs, pendulous .Leaves ovate to lanceolate, acute or acminate. . Inflorescence

racemes, straight or recurved., usually dense. Flowers imbricating, pale- orange to deep

brick- red, pedicillate. Lip 3- lobed. Capsules subrotund to obovoid- oblong, pedicelled.

Fls. & Frts: -Feb.- Mar. Exsiccata : VBA.859

Common on tree trunks and branches in semievergreen and moist deciduous forest.

Locality : Chandoli.

Pecteilis Rafin

Pecteilis gigantean ( J.E.Sm.) Rafin.Fl.Tell. 2:38.1837 ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl.

Maharashtra St. Monocot. 53 . 1996 .Orchis gigantean J. E. Sm.Exot. Bot.2:79,t. 100.

1805. Habenaria susannae auct.plur non. (L.) R.Br. 1810 ; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 137.

1890 ,p.p. Platanthera susannae auct. plur non.(L.) Lindl. 1835 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay

3 : 217 .1958 (Repr.) ; Sant & Kapad, Orch. Bombay 42, t.7.1966 . Waghchora.

A tall stout, terrestrial herbs. Tubers 2 ,ellipsoid or ovoid. Leaves ovate or ovate –

oblong, lanceolate, acute ,upper sheathing .Flowers in terminal racemes, white fragrant,

shortly pedicellate . Lip white ,truncate ,the outer margins dissected .Capsules ellipsoid ,

strongly ribbed .

Fls. & Frts: -Aug.- Dec. Exsiccata : VBA.1141

Frequent at higher altitudes in semievergreen forests.

Locality : Chandoli .

Peristylus Bl. .(nom.cons.)

Peristylus lawii Wight, Ic. t. 1695. 1851; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3: 216. 1958 (Repr.) ;

Sant & Kapad, Orch. Bombay 53, t. 10, C-D. 1966 ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl.

Maharashtra St. Monocot. 56 . 1996. Habenaria lawii (Wight) Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 :

162. 1890.

Herbs. Tubers 1-2, oblong- obovate. Stem terete, sheathed. Leaves lancceolate or

oblong –lanceolate , acute ,entire, minutely papillose. Flowers small, yellow, in narrow strict

slender lax spikes, sessile , white, bracteates. Capsules fusiform, turgid, ribbed , beaked.

Fls. & Frts: -Aug.- Dec. Exsiccata : VBA352

On sloping grounding in forest.

Locality : Chandoli .

Propax Lindl.

Porpax reticulata Lindl. in Edw. Bot. Reg. Misc.31: 66. 1845; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay

3: 192. 1958 (Repr.) ; Sant & Kapad, Orch. Bombay 157. 1966 ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al.

Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 60. 1996. Eria reticulate ( Lindl.) Benth. in Benth. & Hook. ,

f. Gen. Pl. 3: 509. 1883 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. India 5 : 786. 1890. Porpax papillosa Blatt. &

McC. in J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 35 : 268, f. 4. 1931.

Epiphytic, herbs. Pseudobulbs whitish- green, orbicular, sheath white, reticulately

nerved. Leaves sheathing , sessile entire, acute or rounded with a minute blackish mucro,

papillate. Flowers solitary , arising from below pseudobulb. Sepals all connate in

subcompanulate 3 lobed tube; lobe broadly ovate, acute. Petals spathualate, strongly 5-

nerved . Spur obscure. Lip panduraeform, 3- lobed. Capsules obovoid – orbicular, pale –

green, ribbed.

Fls. & Frts: -Aug.- Dec. Exsiccata : VBA.1542

Common on tree trunks

Locality : Chandoli.

Zingiberaceae Lindl.

Costus L.

Costus speciosus (Koen .) J.E.Smith in Trans . Linn . Soc.1:249.1800 ; Baker in Hook . f. Fl.

Brit. India 6 : 249 . 1892 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 243 .1958 (Repr.) ; Lakshmi . in

Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 70 . 1996. Banksia speciosa Koen , apud

.Retz. Obs. Bot.3:75.1783.

Tuberous herbs. Leaves subsessile ,spirally arranged ,oblong or oblanceolate-oblong

,silky pubescent beneath ; glabrous above, base rounded. Flowers white in spikes, dense . Lip

suborbicular .Capsules globose , trigonous , red. Seeds black.

Fls. & Frts: -Aug.- Feb. Exsiccata : VBA.1142

Localities : Chandoli, Sangli.

Curcuma L.

Curcuma neilgherrensis Wight, Ic. t. 2006. 1853 ; Baker in Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 210

.1890 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3: 235 .1958 (Repr.) ; Mangaly & Sabu .Rheedea 3 (2):

160. 1993 ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 76. 1996 .

Herbs. Rootstock white inside; root fibres numerous, slender. Leaves lanceolate or

oblong- lanceolate, shortly petiolate, acuminate, narrowed to base. Flowers bright yellow.

Sepals 3- toothed , split down one side. Corolla lobes oblong. Lip bifid. Capsules globose.

Fls. & Frts: May- Aug. Exsiccata : VBA.300

Common on exposed areas and on hill slopes at higher altitudes in moist and dry deciduous

forests.

Localities : Chandoli.

Curcuma pseudomontana Grah. Cat. Bombay Pl. 210. 1839; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3:

236 .1958 (Repr.); Mangaly & Sabu .Rheedea 3 (2): 165. 1993 ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al.

Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 76. 1996.

Herbs, scapigerous. Rhizomes small. Roots fibrous. Leaves oblanceolate or oblong-

lanceolate, apex acuminate or acute, petiolate. Inflorescence of spikes, lateral and central.

Flowers with bright yellow staminodes . Capsules subglobose, 3 valved. Seeds many , arillate

Fls. & Frts: May- Aug. Exsiccata : VBA.1543

At higher altitudes in moist and dry deciduous forests.

Locality : Chandoli.

CULTIVATED SPECIES :

*Curcuma longa L.Sp.Pl.2.1753 , pro. max parte ; Baker in Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 214

.1890 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 238 .1958 (Repr.) ; Mangaly & Sabu .Rheedea 3 (2)

:155. 1993 ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 77. 1996 . Halad .

A tall herbs. Root stock large, ovoid with sessile cylindric tubers orange inside .

Leaves oblong, lanceolate, tapering to the base, apex acuminate. Flowers in spike . Corolla

white ; flowering bracts pale green ; bracts of coma tinged with pink.

Fls. & Frts: Not seen Exsiccata : VBA.214

Localities : Ashta ,Bavachi , Bhose , K,digraj , Karandwadi , Tung.

*Hedychium coronarium Koen. in Retz. Obs. Bot. 3: 73.1783; Baker in Hook . f. Fl. Brit.

India 6 : 225. 1892; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3: 234 .1958 (Repr.) ; Lakshmi . in Sharma

et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 79. 1996. Sontaka.

Tuberous herbs. Stem erect. Rootstock stout, horizontal, fleshy, jointed. Leaves

sessile, lanceolate, finely acuminate, narrowed at base. Flowers fragrant in dense oblong

spikes. Capsules oblong, valve orange- yellow inside. Seeds many, aril crimson.

Fls. & Frts: Aug.- Dec.

Commonly cultivated for its large showy flowers.

Locality : Sangli.

*Zingiber officinale Rosc.in Trans. Linn.Soc.8.348.1807 ; Baker in Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6

: 264 .1890 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 242 .1958 (Repr.) ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al.

Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 86. 1996 . Ale , Sunth.

Rhizomatous herbs. Stem leafy. Leaves lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, sessile

narrowed to the base.

Fls. & Frts: Not seen

Grown in fields, medicinally used.

Localities : Ankali.

Cannaceae Juss

Canna L.

*Canna indica L.Sp.Pl.1.1753; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 251 .1958 (Repr.) ; Lakshmi .

in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 91. 1996 . C. indica var.orientalis (Rosc.)

Baker in Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 260 .1892. Kardal .

Rootstock tuberous with many fibres ; stem 3-4 ft height. Leaves oblong or elliptic

lanceolate, caudate –acuminate. Flowers scarlet or yellow. Fruits erect, subglobose or oblong

,obscurely 3- lobed . Seeds spherical , black shining

Fls. & Frts: Throughout year .

Native of Tropical Americca, cultivates in gardens. Flowers showy.

Localities : Ashta ,Atpadi , Ankali , Biur , Chikali , Islampur , Sangli .

Musaceae Juss .

Ensete Horan

Ensete superbum (Roxb.)Cheesm in Kew Bull. 1947:100.1948 ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al.

Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 88. 1996 . Musa superba Roxb. Pl. Corom. t. 223. 1811 and

Pl . Ind. 1:667. 1832 ; Baker in Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 261 .1892 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres.

Bombay 3 : 247 .1958 (Repr.) . Ran Kel.

Herbs. Trunk narrow below leaves. Leaves oblong , narrowed to the base ; free

petioles short. Flowers in spike with 2 dense rows ; bracts orbicular . Calyx 3 , linear.3-

lobed ;pale –pellucid . Fruits oblong , subcoriaceous dry when ripe .Seeds many subglobose ,

smooth brown or black .

Fls. & Frts: Jul.-Jan Exsiccata : VBA.399

Common on rock hill slopes.

Locality : Chandoli.

CULTIVATED SPECIES :.

Musa paradisiaca L.Sp.Pl.1043.1753; Cooke, Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 249 .1958 (Repr.)

Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 89. 1996 ; M. diffortiana

L.Sp.Pl.1043.1753 in syn. .M. sapientum L. var. paradisiaca Baker in Ann. Bot .7:213 . 1893

and Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 262 .1892 . Kel .

Stoloniferous herbs ; trunk cylindric . Leaves oblong ,green , reaching 8 ft. long and

2 ft. broad . Inflorescence pendulous. Flowers unisexual . Fruits cylindric – oblong , slightly

curved , somewhat angular .

Fls. & Frts: Throughout year .

Commonly cultivated with many varieties in fields.

Localities : Ashta , Ankali , Bagani , Bhose , Sangli.

Hypoxidaceae R.Br.

Curculigo Gaertn.

Curculigo orchioides Gaetn. Fruct .1: 63 , t . 13 . 1788 ; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 279 .

1892 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 255 .1958 (Repr.) ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl.

Maharashtra St. Monocot. 102 . 1996. Kali Musali.

Perennial, erect, herbs . Rootstock stout, elongate, root–fibers copious, fleshy. Leaves

sessile or petiolate, linear or linear – lanceolate, membranous, base sheathing . Inflorescence

of small racemes, upper staminate, lower bisexual . Flowers bright - yellow . Capsules 1-4

seeded with slender beak ; septa spongy. Seeds oblong ; black.

Fls. & Frts: - Jun .- Oct . Exsiccata : VBA.971

Common on rocky hilly slopes. Roots used in Ayurvedic medicines

Localities : Khundalapur, K.gad , Sagreshwar, Shukacharya , Yedenipani.

Amaryllidaceae J. St. Hill

Pancratium L.

Pancratium triflorum Roxb . Fl. Ind. 2; 126. 1832; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6: 285 . 1892;

Cooke, Fl. Pres. Bombay 3: 259 .1958 (Repr.) ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra

St. Monocot. 99 . 1996.

Perennial herbs. Bulbs globose. Leaves thin; arising with flowers, lanceolate or

linear- lanceolate, acute . Scape slender. Flowers fragrant in umbel. Perianth tube long .

Staminal cup with bifid teeth between short filaments .

Fruits 3- angled ,ovoid .

Fls. & Frts: - Apr. – Aug. Exsiccata : VBA.557

Rare, on hill slopes. Flowers fragrant.

Localities : Dandoba , Sagreshwar , Shirala .

Dioscoreaceae R. Br.

Dioscorea L.

Dioscorea bulbifera L. Sp. Pl. 1033.1753; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 296. 1892; Cooke,

Fl. Pres. Bombay 3: 265 . 1958 (Repr.); Sant in J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 49: 628. 1951

Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 111 . 1996. Kandu kand,

Dukkar kand.

Climbers, stout. Tubers, solitary, globose to pyriform with long root produced above

it; bulbils warted. Leaves alternate , the lower opposite, broadly ovate- cordate. Inflorescence

axillary , pendulous spikes. Male flowers numerous in short spikes. Female flowers in

solitary or fascicled. Perianth lobes linear- lanceolate, white or purplish. Capsules reflexed,

winged. Seeds winged at base.

Fls. & Frts : - Jul.-Mar.

Common. Tubers used as vegetables and in medicines.

Localities : Charan, Khundapur, Mandur, Meni, Shedagewadi.

Liliaceae Juss.

Asparagus L.

Asparagus racemosus Willd. var. javanica ( Kunth.) Baker in J. Linn .Soc. Bot. 14 .624.

1875 ; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 317 . 1892 ; Cooke, Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 270 .1958

(Repr.) ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 119 . 1996. A .javanica

Kunth , Enum . Pl. 5 100. 1850. A. jacquemontii Baker , op. cit . 615 ; Hook. f. op. cit. 316 ;

Cooke , op. cit . 269. Shatavari .

Undershrubs, scandus, spinous, tuberous; tubers fasciculate, fusiform, much

branched , branches angular. Leaves linear – subulate, straight or recurved . Cladodes

spinonus – pointed. Inflorescence racemes , long. Flowers many , white pedicels jointed

above middle. Perianth lobes linear – lanceolate. Stamens 6 . Fruits globose , ripens red.

Fls. & Frts: - Jun .- Jan. Exsiccata : VBA.576.

Common on barren , rocky soil, under shade. Root tubers used in Ayurvedic medicines.

Localities : Danddoba , Khundalapur, K.gad, Sagreshwar ,Shukacharya,

Dipcadi Medik.

Dipcadi montanum (Dalz.) Baker in J.Linn.Soc. Bot.11:398.1871; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6

: 346 . 1892 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 278 .1958 (Repr.) ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al.

Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 131 . 1996. Uropetalum montanum Dalzi in Hook .Kew

J.Bot.2:142.1850.Suichi Bhaji.

Bulbous herbs ; bulb tunicate , globose. Leaves narrowly , linear , acute . Flowers

white in terminal racemes ; bracts lanceolate, acuminate. Perianth lobes united , greenish –

white , 3 outer lobes as long as tube, elliptic, oblong. Stamens attached at base of perianth

lobes . Capsules trilobed. Seeds many , orbicular, flat , dull black .

Fls. & Frts: - Jun .- Sept. Exsiccata : VBA.398

Frequent on plateaus and in rocky soils amidst grasses.

Localities : Chandoli.

Drimia Jacq.

Drimia indica (Roxb.) Jessop in J.S. Afr. Bot.43: 272.1977 ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl.

Maharashtra St. Monocot. 134 . 1996. Scilla indica Roxb . Fl. Ind. 2:147.1824 .Uginea

indica (Roxb.) Kunth ,Enum. Pl. 4:333. 1843; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 346 . 1892 ;

Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 278 .1958 (Repr.) . U.coromandeliana (Roxb.) Hook . f

.op.cit .U.wightii Hook ,f.op.cit. Raankanda.

Herbs . Bulb ovoid. Leaves appearing after the flowers , linear lanceolate , acute at

apex .Flowers brownish , in laxly flowered , 15-30 cm long racemes in erect scape . Perianth

reddish purple. Capsules ellipsoid . Seeds elliptic compressed.

Fls. & Frts: - Feb.- Jun . Exsiccata : VBA.215

Frequent in grasses on rocky soil.

Localities : Dandoba ,Sagreshwar , Shukacharya .

Iphigenia Kunth

Iphigenia indica ( L.) A. Gray apud Kunth , Enum. Pl. 4: 213 . 1843 ; Hook . f. Fl. Brit.

India 6 : 357. 1892 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 275 .1958 (Repr.) ; Lakshmi . in

Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 139. 1996. Melanthium indicum L. Mant .226 .

1771 .

Perennial, erect, cormatous, herbs. Tunicate with pale brown sheath. Leaves alternate

, few sessile, upper gradually smaller, all narrowly linear or linear – lanceolate, acuminate,

coriaceous, base sheathing. Flowers few in racemes . Perianth dark purple ; linear-

lanceolate. Stamens 6. Capsules elliptic- oblong, grooved. Seeds globose or subglobose .

Fls. & Frts: - Jun.-Sept. Exsiccata : VBA.714.

Common in grasslands.

Localities :Dandoba , K.gad , Khundalapur , Sagreshwar.

Scilla L.

Scilla hyacinthina (Roth ) McBride in Contrib . Gray . Herbs. 2 , 56 : 14. 1918 ; Lakshmi .

in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 140. 1996. Ledbouria hyacinthine Roth ,

Nov. Pl. Sp. 195 . 1821. Scilla indica ( Wight ) Baker in Saund . Refug. Bot. 3 . App. 12.

1870 & J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 13 : 250. 1872 non. Roxb.

1832 ; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 357. 1892 ; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 276.1958

(Repr.) .

Herb, scapigerous, bulb ovoid or subglobose. Leaves linear to lanceolate ; ovate or

obovate. Inflorescence racemose on unbranched scape. Flowers many ; purple or pink .

Capsules trilobed , globose.

Fls. & Frts: - May.- Sept. Exsiccata : VBA.586.

Common on rocky soil in grasslands, on plateaus. Leaves with dark brown blotches.

Localities : Dandoba , Khundalapur , Pawlewadi ,Sagreshwar.

Commelinaceae R.Br.

Commelina L.

Commelina benghalensis L.Sp. Pl. 41 . 1753 ; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6 : 370. 1892 ;

Cooke, Fl. Pres. Bombay 3 : 291 .1958 (Repr.) ; Lakshmi . in Sharma et al. Fl.

Maharashtra St. Monocot. 149. 1996.

Perennial , erect, tuberous herbs , much branched. Leaves ovate- lanceolate or ovate-

elliptic ; hairy on the margins, pubescent. Inflorescence in axillary. Petals blue ; clawed .

Stamens 6 ; fertile stamens 3 ; staminodes 3 . Capsules ellipsoid. Seeds oblong .

Fls. & Frts: - June.- Dec. Exsiccata : VBA.1040.

Common on waste places and in fields.

Localities : Dandoba , Khundalapur , Pawlewadi ,Sagreshwar

Cyanotis D. Don

Cyanotis fasiculata ( Heyne ex Roth ) J.A. & J.H. Schult var. glabrescens Cl. in DC Mongr.

Phan. 3 : 253. 1881; Hook . f. Fl. Brit. India 6: 388. 1892; Cooke , Fl. Pres. Bombay 3: 304.

1958 (Repr.); Lakshmi. in Sharma et al. Fl. Maharashtra St. Monocot. 165. 1996.

Herbs. Stem & branches rooting at nodes . Leaves linear ; minutely reticulate on

both sides ; glabrous . Inflorescence axillary and terminal cymes. Flowers few to many;

purple . Stamens 6 ; filament glabrous . Capsules ellipsoid. Seeds 6 , black.

Fls. & Frts: - Aug.- Oct. Exsiccata : VBA.973.

Common in marshy places.

Localities : Aarla , Kokrud , Rethredharan , Yelapur .

Statistical Analysis of the Project :

In the present work a total 38 species, and 2 varieties (including cultivated species) belonging

to 30 genera and 12 families of Tuberous, Rhizomatous and Corm plants have been recorded

for the district. The details are as follows:

Groups Families Genera Species Varieties

Dicots 02 02 06 02

Monocots 10 28 32 -

Total 12 30 38 -

REFERENCES :

Bachulkar , Madhukar and Vikas Awale (2009) Flora of Sagreshwar Wild Life Sanctuary .

Nisarga Mitra , Kolhapur

Cooke , T. ( 1901- 1908 ) The Flora of The Presidency of Bombay . Vol. I - II . London.

B.S.I. Reprint Ed. Vol. I - III (1958). Calcutta.

Sharma , B.D., S. Karthikeyan and N.P.Singh (1996), Flora of Maharashtra State ,

Monocotyledons B.S.I. Calcutta.

Singh, N.P.,and S. Karthikeyan (2000) Flora of Maharashtra State. Dicotyledones - Vol.-I.

B.S.I. Calcutta.

Singh, N.P.,P. Lakshminarasimhan, S. Karthikeyan and P.V.Prasanna ( 2001) Flora of

Maharashtra State. Dicotyledones – Vol-II. B.S.I. Calcutta.

Yadav , S.R. and M.M.Sardesai. 2002. Flora of Kolhapur District.

PUBLICATIONS:

1. Title of the paper - Floristic Survey of Wild Life Sanctuary Sagreshwar Dist. sangli

(Maharashtra ). Indian Forester , Vol. No.136 . December 2010. 1674 – 1687.

2. Title of the paper - TREE FLORA OF SANGLI MIRAJ AND KUPWAD

CORPORATION

Life Sciences Bulletin Vol. 8 (1) 2011:39-45.

3. Title of the paper - Spilanthes radicans Jacq., ( Asteraceae ) , A New record for

Maharashtra. –

Life Science Bulletin , 6 (2) 2009 (193-194 ).

4. Title of the paper – Echinops cornigerus DC. . ( Asteraceae ) : A New record for

South India .

National Journal of Life Sciences, 6 ( 3 ) 2009 ( 378- 380) .

5. Title of the paper- New Plant Records For Asteraceae Flora of Kolhapur District,

Maharashtra,-

Nature Environment and pollution Technology Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 129-131, 2011.

6. Title of the paper- Angiosperm diversity of Shukacharya Hills, Maharashtra. Ecol. Envi.

& Con. 14 (2-3) : 2008; pp. 357- 362.

7. Title of the paper – Traditional Uses of plants for wound healing in the Sangli District.

Interntional Journal of Pharm Tech Research Vol.1 ,No.3 , pp 876-878 July-Sept.2009.

8. Title of the paper- Some Medicinal Plants Used by People of Sangli District,

Maharashtra . Asian

J. Pharma Res. 2011; Vol. 1: pp. 42-43.

9. Title of the paper- Evaluation of the Locomotor And Diuretic Activities of Enthanolic

Extract of

Leaves of Capparis divaricata Lam. Cappariaceae. International Journal of Pharmacy and

Pharmaceutical Sciences. Vol.3 Issue 4. 265-267.2011.