ENGR. MUHAMMAD SAJID

LECTURER

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, UOG

Response at Fire situation

FUEL

IGNITION

Indoor Fire

X AIR

Outdoor Fire

FUEL

IGNITION

AIR X X

X

Fire Emergency Response

Rescue – rescue clients in immediate danger.

Alert – Shout Fire! Fire! (or) Pull fire alarm (or) Dial emergency phone number.

Contain – Close all doors and windows.

Extinguish/ Evacuate – Extinguish small fires, evacuate clients, if appropriate.

R

A

C

E

Remember to RACE during a fire

IN CASE OF FIRE

Do’s

RAISE AN ALARM

(Normally by operating a break glass call point)

Use a Portable Fire Extinguisher to put of FIRE

Leave the room, closing door behind you, using the nearest FIRE EXIT

Use the STAIRS an move towards the ground Floor

Report to the Fire warden at the pre destined Assembly Point at least 15 feet away from the building

Inform the Fire Brigade

IN CASE OF FIRE

Don’ts

DO NOT PANIC

Don’t try to use an Extinguisher if you do not know !!!

Do not use any Electrical / Electronic Equipments

Do not congest towards ONE EXIT only, use alternate EXIT

Do Not use LIFTS / Escalators etc…

Do not Re-enter the building

6

* Firefighting Decision Criteria

Know department emergency procedures and evacuation routes.

Know locations of extinguishers in your area and how to use them.

Always sound the alarm regardless of fire size.

Avoid smoky conditions.

Ensure area is evacuated.

Don’t attempt to fight unless:

Alarm is sounded.

Fire is small and contained.

You have safe egress route (can be reached without exposure to fire).

Available extinguishers are rated for size and type of fire.

Evacuate! If in doubt.

* Different Kinds of Extinguishers

The 4 most common fire extinguishers:

* All Purpose Water

* Carbon Dioxide

* Multi-Purpose Dry Chemical

* Dry Powder

Each kind of extinguisher has a specific use

Types of fire Extinguisher:

1) Water type

2) CO2 type

3) Dry chemical Powder type

4) water with foam type

9

* Fire Extinguisher Anatomy

DISCHARGE HOSE

DISCHARGE NOZZLE

DISCHARGE ORIFICE

BODY

DATA PLATE

CARRYING

HANDLE

PRESSURE GAUGE

(not found on CO2

extinguishers) DISCHARGE LEVER

DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN

AND SEAL

*All Purpose Water

*Use on CLASS A fires

*Pressurized water

*Pressure gauge

present

*Carbon Dioxide

*Use on CLASS B and

CLASS C fires

*Hard, plastic nozzle

*No pressure gauge

*Multi-Purpose Dry

Chemical*Use on CLASS A, CLASS B, and CLASS C fires

*Fine powder under pressure

*Pressure gauge present

*

*Cream body (Old type) or Red Body with Cream label

*Suitable for Class A and B Fires.

*Not suitable for use on fires involving electricity

*Extinguishes by cooling and sealing the surface of a burning liquid

*

*Blue body (Old type) or Red

body with blue label.

*Best on Class B fires but safe

to use on any type of fire.

*Works by chemically

interfering with the

combustion reaction

*

*Black body (Old type) or red body

with black label (New type)

*Best on Class B and C fires but safe

to use on any type of fire

*Safe to use on fires involving

electricity

*Extinguishes by reducing oxygen

levels and cooling

*

*Any colour body or label but they

are usually red or white

*For use on any type of fire but

best on small contained class B

fires and people on fire.

*Extinguishes by asphyxiating

*Different Type of Fire Extinguishers

Sr.no Type of fire Extinguishers

Available

Used for class of

Fire In HDFC

SLI.

1 ABC (Powder based) All Classes(Versatile)

X

2 DCP(Powder based) B , C Classes X

3 CO2 (Gas based) B , C Classes & Electrical Fire

4 WCO2 (Water based) A Class Only

5 AFFF(Foam based) B Class Only X

18

* Applications of Fire Extinguishers

Fire Class

Suitability of Extinguishers

Water

M/F ABC DCP

CO2

Sand

Class A

-

-

Class B

-

Class C

-

Class D

(Spl.

Grade)

Note: X- means can be used on Small surface fires.

-

19

* Fire Extinguisher Summary

EXTINGUISHER WORKS AS EFFECTIVE AGAINST

PRESSURIZED WATER COOLING

MECHANICAL FOAM BLANKETING

DRY CHEMICAL

POWDER SMOTHERING

CARBON DIOXIDE SMOTHERING

DRY SAND BLANKETING D

*P.A.S.S. Method

Pull the pin

This will allow you to

squeeze the handle in

order to discharge the

extinguisher

*P.A.S.S. Method

Aim at the base of the

fire

Aiming at the middle will do

no good.

The agent will pass through the

flames.

*P.A.S.S. Method

Squeeze the

handle

This will release the

pressurized

extinguishing

agent

*P.A.S.S. Method

Sweep side to

side

Cover the entire area

that is on fire.

Continue until fire is

extinguished. Keep

an eye on the area

for

re-lighting.

25

How to use a Fire Extinguisher

Remember this easy acronym when using an extinguisher - P.A.S.S.

Pull the pin.

Aim the nozzle.

Squeeze the handle.

Sweep side to side at the base of the fire.

26

* Major Fires

Fire Hydrant System

- Pressure in the System: 7.0 Kg/Cm2

- Water Reservoir Capacity: 2 times than pump capacity

- Main Pump: 273 m3/Hr

- Diesel Engine Pump (Stand by): 273 m3/Hr

- Jokey Pump: 10 m3/Hr

# Single Hydrants,

# Water monitors,

# Water Sprinklers,

# Mobile Foam Monitors

# Different nozzles

27

* Major Fires (Contd.)

Fire Suppression System

- FM 200 (or) Carbon dioxide

- DCP flooding system

- Water Sprinklers

- Foam spray system etc...

28

* Major Fires (Contd.)

Mutual aid/ External Help

- Fire Tenders

- External Agencies

- External Experts

- Regulatory Authorities etc...

*

Any Question