MRS. PIRAINOWEEK #1

&

How is communication changing?

Ask Yourself…

HOW ARE MESSAGES COMMUNICATED?

1. Information Source: Person thinks about message “I want Frank to come over here. I need to tell him that…”

2. Sender/Transmitter: Turns into signals. He decides on verbal communication/words “Frank! Come over here!”

3. Decoder: Filters/interprets the message Jim hears Frank’s words, and thinks about the message; deciphers what the sentence/ language means

4. Receiver: Accept the message: Hmmm…Jim wants me to come over…but, I don’t like him…

Feedback

“Not now, Jim…”

Information source - where the message is produced

Transmitter - where the message is encoded

Channel - where the signal is carried

Receiver - where the message is decoded

Destination - where the message ends up

Source: Before sending the message, the sender must consider how best to organize and deliver the message to ensure that it reaches the receiver (also known as encoding)• Writers• Producers• Organizations

Message – the content (or, all forms of “text”: print, visual, audio, & digital)

Sender/Transmitter – Encodes the message into signals (words, gestures, images) that represent the intended meaning of the message.

Channel – the medium that carries the message.• Books• Newspapers• Radio• Internet• TV

Decoder/Receiver: the content manager that filters the message.• Editor• Producer• Web page host

Destination: the audience.• Readers• Viewers• Listeners

Noise: Anything that gets interferes with the transmission of the message• Traffic heard through a window

• Person’s head in the way of a movie screen

• Internal dialogue• Stress

Feedback: the receiver’s response to the message.• Letter to the editor

• Facebook post• Email• Text

From one

person to

another

A Post from Facebook

A Nation of Multi-taskers

The problems with Shannon-Weaver:◦It is linear◦Communication is dynamic and interactive◦We are not simply passive senders and receivers

We do not SPEAK, and then WAIT, one person at-a-time◦Assumes that the communication process is relatively unproblematic (one sends, one receives)

Adds a continual feedback loop“a verbal and nonverbal tennis game in which messages pass back and forth between parties”

Alternate active and passive rolesAdds an “environment” or “common field of experience”

BUT: The drawback of the interactive model:◦It does not indicate that communicators can both send and receive messages simultaneously. ◦It does not show that communication is a dynamic process which changes over time.

Elements in communication are interdependentEach person in  the communication act is both a speaker and a listener,

Each can be simultaneously sending and receiving messages

1. “Transactional” means that communication is an ongoing and continuously changing process. ◦You are changing◦The people with whom you are communicating are changing,◦Your environment is also continually changing

2. In any transactional process, each element exists in relation to all the other elements.

There is interdependence No source without a receiver No message without a source

3.Each person in the communication processreacts differently

background, prior experiences, attitudes, cultural beliefs self-esteem. 

What Can You Do To Combat?

Communication Breakdowns◦Failure within the communication process◦The speaker fails to understand his/her audience Terminology Distracting clothing, etc. Technology problems External noise Internal noise