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142 Ilpaeomo * Lt3Kycm6o sa dodpomo u cnpaeednueomo

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caMo noJrI{TI{rIecKrrI opraHlr. Orr:arr,t Hararbx cneABa JroruqecKoro 3aKJrroqeHI,Ie, qeKoucruryquoHHrrflT cl.q e crbnr{Jr B rlo-roJrrrwua cv rlacr B floruruqecKara c$epa.o6uxHoseur.rrr rpaxraHr4H H{Ma rocran ro Hero. Ko:moro z e(praraura, 6naronpurrna,rroJroxHTeJrHa, AA e pa6orara rr.ry, :roft Brl*at r rr1e ocraBa Ha 3areu rrrraH rrprr paBHo-cMeTKaTa 3a ToBa rlo KaKbB HarIIrH II KbAe MOXe rpaxlaHrlH'bT Aa rroTBpcl4 3aIIIr{TA HaKoHcTtrryu[oHHr{re cu npara.10 B nfiraxls cnytafi He npr{eMaM rBtpAeHr.rero, ue KoH-

'I4r ,""r. e Ha Perueuue Ns 10 or 6 orrorrlrpz 1994 r. no Koucrrrryq[onuo Aeno r\b 4or 1994 r., O6n., AB, 6p. 87 or 25.10.1994 r.

8 M o ure c xl o, lII . 3a 4yxa Ha 3axoHr.rre. C., Hayra u urrycmo, 1984.

'g tk. 150 (1) KoucmumyquoHHLsm ctd deilcmoyea no uHuquamusa uail-uatrco ua edua

nema om uapoduume npedcmaoumenu, npesudeuma, MuuucmepcKur, cbeem, Btpxoeuun xaca-l4uoHeH ctd, Bupxoeuun aduuuucmpamuaeH cud u a,taeuufl npoKypop. Cnopoee 3eKe44nemeHm-Hocm no rn. 3 ua aq. I om npedxoduunHxeH.uoearn da ce noaduzatn u om o1uluucxume cb6ernu.

(2) Roeamo ycmaHoeflm Hecbomlemcmeue aetrcdy 3dKoHa u Roucmumyt4unma, Btpxoe-Hu.frm Kacaquoueu cud turu Bupxoeuuam adxuuucmpamueeH ctd cnupam npouseodcmeomo nodenomo u 6Hac.am lbnpoca e Roucmumyquouuua ctd.

(3) (Hoea - nB, 6p. 27 om 2006 z.) oxdydcaaHbm ilocrce da cesupa Koucmumyquouuuacvd c ucxaue saycrnaHoznaaHe Hq npomuloKoHcmumyquoHHocm Ha 3aKoH, c xoilmo ce Hapyua-6am npa6a u ceo6odu ua epaacdauume.

r 0 flpe4e ra4 I{Hcrilryur{o HalrlHocrHara HacoqeHocr Ha peueH rurra Ha Ko u c'rrry uuoHHHJr

il YEJT UL{HO il PAB HA HA''R]4 143

crlrryllrloHHlrflT cbil pemaBa IIoJII{TpIqecKrr cnopoBe. Marap eSerrtr or perrreHr.r{Ta MyaaLrMa nporrBnenl4e ffraBHo B rorl{Tr4qecxara cQepa, To HeorrpoBep)ftr{M e $arrrt, uecrropoBere, xoraro rofi peruaBa ca flpaBHr{ (ropu4uuecrcu).

3acryxana 4a6nae ynoMeHaro eAHo orrpe.qeneune sa KC or 1997 r. c Henpexo.qHo3HaqeHI{e, cburacHo Koero, aKo np}I ilIelaHero Ha Aa.qeHo AeJro orAenHH crcrarn na BKCruu BAC KoHcrarl{par rlporr{BoKoHcrr.rryr{HoHHocr Ha 3aKoHoBr4 pa3[ope46n, re uorar-la rc cycrreHlnpar v Ia orHecar Bbnpoca 4o Koncruryur.roHHrrrr crg. CruoseH cbM Aaflpl{eMa, qe roBa olpe.{eneHue ua KC AaBaHa crpaHlrre rro AeJIoro HenptrK locrlrr AoHefo, Karo raKa B I{3BecrHa crerleH ro pa3rul4pflBa, [o3BorrrlBa no-e$uxacna 3alr1r.lra ]IKaro Ilfllro IIMa flonox]IrereH eQem Bbphy pa3Br4T]rero Ha 3ail\vrrara M 3aKpr4rrdta HaocHoBHlITe [paBa B Etnrapux.ll

Cuope4 cerarrrHara KoHcrrryquoHua ype46a KC e oprarrul xofiro cle4ra 3a ocury-pflBaHe BbpxoBeHcrBoro Ha Koncra-ryqmra. To:rz MaHnar KoHcrHTyrlr{oHHr{-rrr 3aKoHo-Iaren My Bb3JIara c sc]fliuta Uen.qa 6rEe na:lr:rejr Ha KoHcrr{TyrlilfiTa r{ cJIeIoBareJIHo HaocHoBHure rIoBeIIIKra IrpaBa3€LTerHaJruBHefl. flpegrra4 rasuenNraB:rra $ynrqrax Jrr{ncaraHa B63MoxHocr 3a ce3llpaHe qpe3 npe.{flBflBame Ha uu4uBqyarrrlata xal6a or BceKH6rnrapcru rpaxraHlru, rIIrI/ITo KoHcrlaryulroHHrr rrpaBa ca 3acefHarn, e rlaparoxcarHa.Hopua:ruo e .qa ilocirenBa r4 Bbrrpoclr: 3aulo $usu.recxo Jrr{rle, rrr{rlrro ocHoBHr{ npaBa caHapyrueHH, Moxe Aa orrrpanx xa"n6a 14 Aar1Dpcu 3arr]r{Ta or HaAHaqr4oHaJrHr{ (nrex4yua-po4ur) flpaBopa3.qaBatertuvrLtmcrtrryrJnLr. raro Erporeftcru-fi cbl ro [paBara Ha qoBeKa,

a AaHe Moxe .qa rtsp cH 3aIJJrrra npflKo or co6cmenus cr{ Harl}roHaJren KoHcruryqr{oHeHcr4? Marap r{ JrauqecKr{, Bbnpocbr Bce rrar.EaBa Hacoxr4 3a pa3Mr.rcbn.

llpu cr:ganaHero Ha KPE npe: 1990 - 1991 r ce pa3rnexlar neua:mr 6poftlpOeKTOKOHCTr4"Ly\h11, HflKou oT TtrX BKJIIOqBaIIH [paBOTO Ha KOHCTI/ITyIIPIOHHa Nan6a.OcHoseH MorI4B 3a orxBbpJlJ{Hero Ha ug.eflTa craBar Ia3KiBaHI,ITe orraceHlrf,, ire qe ce.fonycHe 3arpynBaue ua Koucruryql{ouHl4f, cracMclria:a:zlr, orrle B Har{euoro ua pa6orarar.r npeBptrqaHero My n croeo6patuo ,,Eropo )Klil6vr".r2 Apyru mo6paxeuux ca r{3BeAeHr{

or [paKTr{Kara Ha HrrKora enponeficru crpaHr, a r{MeHHo MturbK rrpoueHT Ha Ao[ycHarr4Te3a pa3rJrex.qane xal6t1 a cJre.q roBa orHoBo MaJraK npoueHT yBaxeHr{ rr3Mexly 4o[yc-uarr.rre.13 llpe4eu4 yrBbpxAaBaHero HaAeMoKpa\Lrfl'rau pa3Brlnraero Ha rpaxAaHcnoro

c6A HfI(oIt nOJII'ITOJTO3H [I IOpI{CTI{ rO OnpeAeJr-rrr rrO-CKOpO KATO BTOpa KaMapa Ha [apJlaMeHTa,orKorlKoro Karo opraH, Hacoqur BHI{ruaHIIero clr KBM c$epara Ha rroBerllrltre rrpaBa u cno6ogu.

rI flpanorraorqlrero .qa ce ce3r{pa Konc'ruryqlloHHr{lrr cEA tro pe4a Ha ul. 150, an. 2 npu-HaAr-rexrr Ha orAeJrHr{Te clcraBrE sa BKC unr,r BAC, puBrnexrarqll KoHKperHH, cr4e6eu cnop.Orpaurvanauero Ha Bt3MoxHocrra 3a ce3lrpaHe na KoncurryqrouuLts. cb4 caMo ot o6qoroct6panre Ha AaAeHa KoII etufl Htu oT rLrle Hy'rlra Ha OsoTBeTHr{fi Brpxonen cb.( BcEtrIEocT JrarrraBaor KoHKperHo c!,utpxaHl{e pa:nopel6ara na qr. 150 a* 2 ot Koucruryqu.a'ra. Koraro roBopr{sa Btpxoneu cr4 B xll[ore3ara Ha *,r. 150, an. 2, otexuguo KoHcrraryuproHHr{rrr 3akoHoAareJrI{Ma [peABI4A He Blrcruure [pexcraBllTeflHr{ opraHrr sa BKC u BAC, a caorBerHr,rfi BrpxoreucEA Karo rlpaBoprc,qaBalu opraH IIo KoHKpereH crIe6eH crrop, T.e. rrpll peaJrr.r3r{paue Ha HeroBa-Ta npaBOpaSAaBaTeJ'IHa (OMIIeTeFII{oCT. Ko-f,TO Ce OCEIItreCTBTIBa OT HerOBIfIe CGCTaBI,I. * Btzx.:Oupe4ereuue .]tlb 1 or I rottw 1997 r, rro KoHcrtrryrlrrouuo Ae:ro Ne 5 or 1997 r., O6u., AB, 6p.54 or 8 ww 1997 r.

12 I]r,rr, no: ,{pyuena, E. Urr. crq.13 HenoBcnlr, H. 3a vcrBbprrreHcrBaHe Ha KoHcrr.rryquonnrrfl. c:,1. - B: Koucru-ry-

rIr4oHEUrr,r3MEr r{ cbBpeMeHHoro pa3Bmr.re na Etnrapru. C., 9epnopnseuXpa1bp,2002.

t44 [Ipaeomo - u3Kycm6o sa do6pomo u cnpaeedfiu*orno

ofirUecrBo ,qocra or I{3Ka3aHI{Te apltyvreHTl{ orrla,qar. Apryuerrrr orHocHo HIIcKiITa

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ua EnpOneftcKl,If, CEA IIO npaBala Ha IIOBeKA IIIe yCTaHOBLIM, r{e H TaM npOqeHTbT Ha

AOTTCHaTI{Te I,I yBaXeHI.r )KUr6l4 e ApacTITtIHO IIO-MUUIBK OT nOAaAeHI{Te'

fipyr apryraeHT, narrcHpaH oT nporraBHr{rlr{Te Ha B6Be}I{,4aHeTo Ha ro3l{ I4HoTI{TyT, e

yBeJIITFIaBaHeTO Ha [epI{OAa OT BpeMe AO BS3HLIKBaHeTO Ha Hb3MOXHOCT Aa Ce ce3l{par

Hf,Kor4 Mex.4yHapo.qHLI [paBopa3AaBareJIHI{ LIHcTIITyIIuu (EIICq Hanp.). llprvuuara sa

ToBa e o6ruoro I{3I{cKBaHe Ha rroBeqero raKI{Ba l{Hcrlrryquu 3a l{3rlepnBaHe Ha BBTpeIu-

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or KoHcrr.rryur{ouHrr.fl cBA Moxe Aa peluu pI To3I{ rlpo6:reM B [on3a Ha IIo-HaBpeMeHHara

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3a pa::ryra or ,,actio popularis", KofiTo e HacolleH no-cKopo KEM a6cTpaKTeH KoHrpoJI

3a KoHcruTyqraonocno6pa3Hocr, npaBoro Ha vt1vrB:r4,ya;lrrra KoI{crLITyIIuoHHa xa,Il6a

cJreABa Aa AaBa 3alIdl/rra Ha KoHKpeTHO HapyrneHl4 JiI{qHI4 [paBa, T.e. [peAcTaBnflBa BI{A

KOHKpereH KOHTpon.

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ce peruu [po6JIeMbT c AoIIocTIIMycTra Ha xaJI6LIre. Ot nla:repualHollpaBHa - KaKbB

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cpaBHeHrae c ocraHzurraTe rrpo6JreMr,r, Korrro 6uxa stsHurHalfii ilpla eIHo eBelilya:rHo

3aKoHO.{aTeJrHO, a Aopr4 r{ AOKrpI4HaJrHo oocbxAaHe Ha Mf,croTo Ha ro3I'I I{HorI4T}'T B

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3a.qbpxaBrrTe xeJraeilIr{ Aa BbBeAaT KoHcrpITyIIuoHHara }I€n6a. Ype46ara r repMaHcKI'Ifi

3aROH e CIe,4HaIa: ,,Bcercu Mootce da nodade KoHcmumyquoHHa ilCzil1a c mevpdeuUemo,qe e sacezHam om ny1auuuama eryacm BbB lcuqKume il nodpasdeneHx,n B eduo om caoume

ocHosHunpasqaIrusH,flKoecsoenpa6ono; ...(us1poeHucaomdeilHuuteuoee) ". VclO-

Br,re 3a.{orIyCTr{MocT e 3acflraHeTo Ha ocHoBHo npaBo Ha JII/IEIHOCTTa. 3a6e;rrcna ce, ue

il YETI4T{HO il PA B HA HAYK]4 145

m6poeHlrre flpaBa, peJreBaHTHI4 3a xEIJT6ara, ca Dn'umerlts clasus " - o[pe.{eJreu 6pofi.Y Hac rrnpo c:tr Eantnro .qa 6rre $oprrty:rupaHo o6uo vnv Ea ce u:6ponrat orAeJIHIrre

qpaBa, xarro 6e cnoMeHaro [o-rope (ruro,,numerus clausus "), ocrarxu Ha3aKoHoAa-

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otpa1yytaBaptcKoBaBa npaBopa3AaBauero, cJleAoBarenno rpr6na ga ce us6srra. Pa:6rapa

ce r{HAr.{Br4AyaJrHara KoHcrI{TyI{uoHHara xan6a e ,,ultima ratio", T.e rf e cy6cu4I'rapnocpe4cTBo, npl4rroxHMo eABa CJreI U3qep[BaHe Ha BcHqKr{ ocTaHaJII{ BB3MOXHOCTIA Ha

Haul{oHanHoro [paBo 3a 3alrlflTa Ha 3aceruarara nl4rluocr. Tosa e ycJroB[e 3a Ao[ycrI,I-uocr c Qyrilaueura,ruo I{ [pIzHIIflnHo 3HaaIeHIre.

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or crpaHa na o6uIecrneHllf, [ocpeAHI,Ir. Or 4pyra CrpaHa onocpeAf,BaHero Ha Aocrs[4,He3aBrrcr{Mo qpe3 KaKbB opraH, oTHoBo II[IUaBa rpaxAaHlfle oT flpf,K AocTbn ,4o c6Aa

s. 6u 6uno I{3JII{IIIHo.

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KoHcTrmyrIpIoHHLI npaBa Ha rpax.qaHrlre. floAo6no e II pe[IeHLIeTo sl4crralrtus. KbAeTo

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opraH, npe.4cTaBJIsBaIIII{ HapymeHlle Ha oIIpeAeJIeHLl fipaBA I,,.JjU flpetlKa 3a OCEIUeOT-

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futuro).BraexAaHero na HKX B ra3r{ Soplra cr3AaBa Ha rrpbB rlorrleA HerIpI4MIrpr{M

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.{aHero Ha KoHcrr.{Tyrtrr{oHHara Na:r6a no ro3r4 HaqI{H Iqe EpeBbpHe Koncruryuuortutts.c6A B cBoeo6pazua qerBbpra cbAe6Ha I4HcraHI{IItr. C ropuorO rBcpAeHI'Ie Mora Aa ce

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Aa npepa3tJrex.qa peureHrr.rrra, rrepcrreKTyrBilta, or Ko.aro Koucruryquouul{.rr cbA [paBI,I

ToBa, npeAcraBJrrBa Herqo [pr{Hr{r{[Ho, pa3JlruHo or rIpeABLIAeHara 3a cbAe6xara snacr.

Tona pa:;ruuue e B npr{rruHxa Bpb3Ka naft-seqe c eAno or ycJloBLIJrra 3a AorrycrlrMocr, a

I{MeHHO eApTHCTBeHO I4 CaMO Aa Ca HapyIIIeHII OCHOBHH KOITCTIITyIIIIOHIIIT [paBa, a He

Hanpr.rMep npoqecyaJrHr4 - rrocraBenn or nxxofi 3aKoH I{ npoBepf,BaHr Aurtt ca Haruue

OT rro-ropeH Cr4. ,{Opu V AaTIpI4evrA CTaHOBuIItreTO, .Ie KC ule AefiCma KaTO rIeTBbpTa

-

ra iiop4anona, M. Oru6yAcluranrt I,I Apyrl{rg npaBo3arqrrHl{ MexaHI{3MI{. C., I-{errrp3a r{3crreABaHe Ha AeMoKpaqfifrTa; Eour-brnra ua: http://www.csd.bg/artShowbg.php?id:7819

146 Ilpaeomo - u3kycm6o sa do1porno u cnpalednulomo

rrHcraHqHf, ro He Brzr(qaM KaK ToBa MoXe ra 6r4e upeura 3a 6e3[po6JieMHoro syrq-KI{oHIrpaHe Ha [paBHaTa HLI CI{cTeMa [peIBI4I MIICTOTo, KOeTo IIIe 3aeMaT pel]IeHl4.f,Ta I4OIpOMHaIa nOJI3a 3a 3AKpIdIIATA11. 3Am,WATA Ha IIrrrqHOCTTa.

Peutenneto 3a roBa KaKBI{ raHHI{ Iue cb.qbpxa }Karr6ara, cpoKoBe 3a rloraBage I4T.H. ocraB.{M Ha nparrlrKara I{ 3aKoHoAareJrflT,4a peurar (nanpruep fivat1vt.qaHHr{ Haxar6ouorareilfl., aqpec, rore$on, rurSoprraquf, cpeqy Ko{ r4Hcrr/rryr{ttf, e onJraKBa-Hero, [orpo6uo onucanze Ha Hapymeuuero). YuacrHuqure B npolr3BoACrBOTo rrle canorbpfleBlllure, KoncruryUuoHHlarr cr,.q I{ 3acerHarnTe I4HcrlaTyu}rr4, cpeqy KoI{To eornpaBeHo onrlaKBaHe. Btsuoxno e Aa yqacrBar cBr4IereJrr{, eKcneprr4 r4 Apyr6 nr{rla,ronro 6rxa MorJIlr Lavuar oTHoIIIeHI{e rto cflyrlafl.

EcresrseHo e, [pra BaBexAaHe Ha I{HcrLIryr a:rratrultBvlyzLqHara KoHcrr.flryquoHHaxan6a, Aa ce Hailoxlr [pecrpylrrypupane xa KC - ct3.qaBaHe Ha.qorrbJrHr{TeJrHr.r aAMr{HH-crparr{BHl{ 3BeHa B Hero, pa3llrl4pflBaHe Ha cbcraBa rr [poqr{e, 3a Kor{To ca ueo6xo4urraunapwtHr4 cpencrBa 14 ceplao3Hl{ 3axoHo.qarenHr.I npoMeHI,I. Io-cepuo:uoro fiperlfiTcrBr{eo6aue, ilo upoHr4f, uac'sglata, e rocraBeHo or caMrafl cr4 c peueune Ns j or 2003 r.crr:racno HeroBr{re rbnKyBaHr{q Ha rroHrrrr{.rrra ,,Qopua Ha AtspxaBHo yupanJreHue,, u,,$opua Ha AbpxaBHo ycrpoilcrroo' ca pa:rpaHr{lreHr{ [paBoMorrlrarrra na O6l6gosegou Beluxo Hapo.qHo ctdpanue. Btgrroxnocrra 3a BbBexnaHero Ha vlryr4BulyanHaraxan6a B lIpeAJroxeHnfl Bul\ I]orraAa B npaBoMorquflTa]Fia BHC, a roBa r [pexBbpJr_,r BHenpenBI.'I.4IIMaTa BbpxylllKa Ha II0JIHTIaTIOCKOTo II caMo IIOIII4TI/FIOCKa BoJIf, trloXe 4a ItBA6XHe XI{BOT,

Bce narc cqlITaM, qe BbBex,{aHero Ha I,IKX e BaxHa crrnra KbM pe6urr{3r{pa}re HaToBa, Koero calrtara Koncrkrry\r4fl o6etqana: I{3rpaxIaHero ua Br:rapr4, Karo IIpaBoBa I{AeMoKparurlHa nbpxaBa. flpazarana tl{qHocrra urfrxmarayc[errrHa 3aKpr4 ilapr3au;graca or qelilpaJlHo 3HaqeHI4e 3a pa3Bl4rruero Ha rpaxlaHcrcoro o6rqecrao. 9ose[rKr,rre npaBau cuo6oru ca rcpr,rAuqecKara ocHoBa, Bbpxy xo.,rro ce r43fpaxra r4 pa3Br.rBa rpax.4aHcKgToo6lqecreo' Te upe4cran IIflBar vcnoeo6pa:na HeroBa Bpb3Ka c AbplKaBHHre r{Hcrr{Tyr{r4r4,Kol{ro ca KoHcrI{ryIIIIoHHo 3a,{bJTxeHrz AatapalJ'tupar v.3aKpvLflr lpaBara rz ceooo.qureHa rpaxIaHl{te.15 I4:pactBaHero Ha rpaxraHcroro o6rqecrBo e Bb3MoxHo caMo KofaroocHoBHI4Te ilpaBa Ha Jll{qHocrra ca 6e:xouupoMr{cHo rapaHTrrpanut u 3a]oElTa3;a;g{vt.BrsexAaHero Ha I{HnLIBunyaJtHara KoHcrr{Tyrruosuaraxartdaqe :antlnu Jrr,rrrcBarrtro-TO 3BeHO 86B Bepr4fara or IuIHCTrmyril, tapaHTupalltu [paBara Ha JII4TIHOCT'Ta. ll{e 4a4e3aBbplneK LI IIIJIHOTa Ha KaprI{HAra, KarO TI03B0JIII TbpCeHeTO Ha cnpaBeAJrrrBOCT Aa CeBS3KaqU Ha enHo HoBo - KOHCTLTTyTIHOHHO Hr4BO.

C uacroxrqara cKpoMHa, Henpereruuparrla 3a rmqepnareJrHocr pa3pa6o:ue ce na4x-BaMAanpoBorr.rpaM3acr.rJrenoro o6crxIaHe HaM.rrcroro naLIKXr Ermapru. ffaaafixuKoHKperHr{ ilpeIJroxeHuf,, Kor{To Morar Aa 6r4ar no4rpeflflHt4 HJrlr orxBbpJrsnn, ceBKnIoTIBaM v pe6ata, or rofiro rpx6na.qa ce r{3Jre3e c o6uuc:rerua u 4efimraqn [poeKTI{oa 6r4erqoto I{HKopnopupaHe Ha KoHcTrrryr{uosuaraxanlaB npaBHara Hrr cr{creMa.

15 Mafin.apgyc, M., KoncraHrr{HoB, E. lpaxgaucroro o6ulecrro rr flpaBaraHaJrr4rrgocrra. C:', @onaarlr.rff';,@puaprx E6egr,,, 1997, c. 5 - 6.