Tenses 1M. Agung HidayatNur Afiaty FauziyyahWisnu

SIMPLE PRESENT

USE1. Regular habits or daily routine : Use the

Simple Present to express the idea that an action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event or something that often happens.

E.g. : - I play soccer- Every twelve months, the earth circles

the sun.- He always forgets his key

USE

2. Facts or generalizations : The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used to make generalizations about people or things.

e.g. : - Cats like milk- Caracas is the capital of Venezuela- Windows are not made of wood

USE

3. Scheduled Events in the Near Future : Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other scheduled events as well.

e.g : - The bus leaves tonight at 6 PM- When do we board the plane?- The party starts at 8 o’clock

USE

The simple present is used with adverbs like :

- Always : I always come to school by car- Often : I don’t come here very often- Usually : He usually eats breakfast at 7.00 AM- Sometimes: Sometimes I go to party - Rarely : She rarely cooks- Never : He is never late for class - Every day : They sleep early every day

Grammar rules

1. To form the Simple Present we add –s to the infinitive of the verb in the 3rd person singular (he, she, it).

e.g : I live He/She/It lives I sing He/She/It sings

Grammar rules

2. But when the verbs ends in a)–o, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x we add –es

e.g. : I go He/She/It goes I kiss He/She/It kisses I watch He/She/It watches I wash He/She/It washes I fix He/She/It fixes

Grammar rules

b) a consonant followed by –y, the –y changes into –ie and we add –s

e.g. : I study He/She studies

c) a vowel followed by –y we just add –s

e.g. : I play He/She/It plays

Grammar rules3. To form the negative and the introgative we need tha

auxiliary verb to do in the present simple. This means we have to add –es in the 3rd person singular (He,She,It) while the main verb will be used in the invinitive.

e.g. : I IDo You like ? You don’t like They They

She SheDoes He like? He doesn’t like It It

Grammar StructureAffirmative

Subject + Verb (add –e, -es to the 3rd

person singular) + complement

NegativeSubject + Aux. do/does + not + verb + complement

IntrogativeAux. do/does + subject + verb + complement ?

Grammar StructureAffirmative Negative IntrogativeI live I don’t live Do I live?You live You don’t live Do You live ?He lives He doesn’t live Does He live?She lives She doesn’t live Does she live?It lives It doesn’t live Does it live ?We live We don’t live Do we live?They live They don’t live Do they live?

Grammar StuctureSimple present Wh- Questions with the auxiliaries “do” and

“does”

do you do on Saturday morning? - I have breakfastWhat in restaurant

does she do on weekdays? - She does exercise

do you go to school?- we go to schoolWhen on weekdays

does he play? - He plays soccer on Wednesday

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

USE

1. Actions which are happening at or arround the moment of speaking

– Now I’m doing the washing up.– She is working very hard nowadays.

2. Temporary situations– I’m staying with a friend at the moment.

3. Changing or developing situations.– His English is getting better.– It’s getting colder.– Today is raining more and more

4. Fixed arrangements in the near future.They are getting married next week.They are celebrating a party next month.

VERB + ing (spelling rules)

Listen +ing listeningDie (iey) + ing dyingWrite + ing writingHope + p +ing hoppingTravel + l + ing travelling

Make –ing forms of each verb givemBegin Beginning Get Getting

Rub Rubbing Use Using

Listen Listening Admit Admitting

Lie Lying Try Trying

Swim Swimming Decide Deciding

Study Studying Come Coming

happen happening Put Putting

Time expression :Now, at the moment, today, nowdays, this week, etc.

ExerciseChoose the correct options

1. Every Monday, Sally (drive) ___ her kids to football practice.

2. Usually, I (work) ___ as a secretary at ABT, but this summer I (study) ___ French at a language school in Paris. That is why I am in Paris.

3. Shhhhh! Be quiet! John (sleep) ___ .

4. Don't forget to take your umbrella. It (rain) ___ .

5. I hate living in Seattle because it (rain, always) ___ .

6. I'm sorry I can't hear what you (say) ___ because everybody (talk) ___ so loudly.

Exercise7. Justin (write, currently) ___ a book about his adventures in Tibet. I hope he can find a good publisher when he is finished.

8. Jim: Do you want to come over for dinner tonight?Denise: Oh, I'm sorry, I can't. I (go) ___ to a movie tonight with some friends.

9. The business cards (be, normally ) ___ printed by a company in New York. Their prices (be) ___ inexpensive, yet the quality of their work is quite good.

10. This delicious chocolate (be) ___ made by a small chocolatier in Zurich, Switzerland.

ExerciseA Trekking Journal

November 12, 1997

Today (be) __ the second day of my trek around Mount Annapurna. I am exhausted and my legs (shake) __ ; I just hope I am able to complete the trek. My feet (kill, really) __ me and my toes (bleed) __ , but I (want, still) __ to continue.

Nepal is a fascinating country, but I have a great deal to learn. Everything (be) __ so different, and I (try) __ to adapt to the new way of life here. I (learn) __ a little bit of the language to make communication easier; unfortunately, I (learn, not) __ foreign languages quickly. Although I (understand, not) __ much yet, I believe that I (improve, gradually) __ .

I (travel, currently) __ with Liam, a student from Leeds University in England. He (be) __ a nice guy, but impatient. He (walk, always) __ ahead of me and (complain) __ that I am too slow. I (do) __ my best to keep up with him, but he is younger and stronger than I am. Maybe, I am just feeling sorry for myself because I am getting old.

Right now, Liam (sit) __ with the owner of the inn. They (discuss) __ the differences between life in England and life in Nepal. I (know, not) __ the real name of the owner, but everybody (call, just) __ him Tam. Tam (speak) __ English very well and he (try) __ to teach Liam some words in Nepali. Every time Tam (say) __ a new word, Liam (try) __ to repeat it. Unfortunately, Liam (seem, also) __ to have difficulty learning foreign languages. I just hope we don't get lost and have to ask for directions.

Thank You