Seale University ScholarWorks @ SealeU e Spectator 4-28-1961 Spectator 1961-04-28 Editors of e Spectator Follow this and additional works at: hp://scholarworks.sealeu.edu/spectator is Newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks @ SealeU. It has been accepted for inclusion in e Spectator by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ SealeU. Recommended Citation Editors of e Spectator, "Spectator 1961-04-28" (1961). e Spectator. 706. hp://scholarworks.sealeu.edu/spectator/706
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Seattle UniversityScholarWorks @ SeattleU
The Spectator
4-28-1961
Spectator 1961-04-28Editors of The Spectator
Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.seattleu.edu/spectator
This Newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks @ SeattleU. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Spectator by anauthorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ SeattleU.
Recommended CitationEditors of The Spectator, "Spectator 1961-04-28" (1961). The Spectator. 706.http://scholarworks.seattleu.edu/spectator/706
Satisfaction Depends on ValuesBy DR. J. ROBERT LARSON
Associate Professor of Sociology
Choice of Career?
". . . and our heart is restless, until itrepose in Thee."
St. Augustine used these words in theopening section of the first book of his Con-fessions. The whole statement is true but itis the first clause to which Iwish to give em-phasis.
No man can ever be perfectly satisfied inthis life. No instances of success in any phaseof man's total life renders his lusting heartabsolutely serene. Yet all of us seek to attainas much temporal happiness as possible. Notleast among the means to happiness we useis the work we daily perform.
We conscientiously choose careers whichwe pursue relentlessly in the expectation of"satisfaction. Many of us succeed; others failutterly. Why?
In the last analysis, the satisfactory ful-fillment of a career choice depends on ourindividual value system. We are not all cut ofthe same cloth.
The expectations we have are the result ofamyriad of influences which cross and recross,blend and conflict, to which we respond bystructuring a system of personal goals whichwe deem as somehow worth striving for. Thisis our value structure.
Our individual choice of careers is wroughtin much the same fashion. Many of the influ-ences which orient us are no doubt consciously
experienced.Others are so subtle as to escapeour full awareness.Our endeavor should be totry and select that career, in the practice ofwhich, we would find our most salient expec-tations satisfied.
Nor do Ibelieve this to be a process whichis wholly subjective and relative. No doubtthere is much room for individual differencesin valuing, yet inherent in the very nature ofman as a working animal there is ground forthe erection of main-member values support-ing the rest of the structure.
These are the significant values all lastingtheologies and philosophies aspire to lay bare.These values are so fundamental that anycareer choice whatever, when properly relatedto the value system, can successfully renderthe satisfaction sought.
When these values are eschewed, over-looked, or overthrown, or when others of lessstature are substituted for them, then the sat-isfaction attained in any career is mitigatedby frustration and unhappiness.
The formula for successful career choicewould seem to lie in fitting the career to thetotal value system. I fear that many individ-uals having a weakly-developed value struc-ture find themselves erecting a new one whichthey endeavor to make compatible with theircareer.
Such a process invites contradiction withthe inherent value structure which is produc-tive of dissatisfaction.
Why a Career Issue?This special "Career Issue" of The Spectator is
published to make known some opportunities availableto the college graduate.
MANY ASK: What can an English major do? Whatcareers are available for apolitical science major? Whatcan one do with a math degree?
This issue attempts to answer some questions aboutcollege degrees and careers.
Bader, Pederson, Smith New Class Heads— —■ See page 7
Career IndexNo grade-getters in grad school p.2Toomanyhighschool teachers p.3"The pencil and paper"man
— the physicist p.4Emphasis on preparation for interview p.2Political science iscourse in leadership p.5Research that only a historian can do p.4College degree— financial asset p.2English degree,now what? p,5
Grads Can ExpectHigher Yearly Salary
By JOAN NEWELLThe average college graduate willbe financially better off
than his friend who went to work immediatelyafter highschool,
or quit during the first three years of college. The average sal-ary of a male college graduate is approximately $1,500 a yearmore than that of ahighschool graduate.
HIGHER EDUCATION AND earning potential go hand inhand in American business. In his lifetime, the average college
graduate earns over $100,000 more than the high school gradu-ate, and almost $80,000 more than the student whodidn't finishcollege Moreover, students with a master's degree or a Ph.D.can count on a rich material reward for the time and moneyspent on education.
The 1961 graduate is already being enthusiastically soughtafter by businessmen. There is a greatdemandfor scientists andengineers. Beginningsalaries have increased6% for engineeringand 3% inother fields this year.
HOW MUCH DOES graduate work increase the chances fora higher salary? A Ph.D. engineer can start with a salary ashigh as $900 a month, and a master's degree in business willincrease the pay check inalmostall fields.
Some firms, looking to the future, give graduates a part-time job and a full-time salary, so they can earn their mastersdegree ina two year program.
Comparison of Lifetime Earnings
Degrees in Chemistry:What Do They Offer?
By CLAUDIA LORDGraduation with aB.S. in chemistry— it's not an enc
in itself as the non-scientist often thinks. It's the openingto a challengingcareer with about as many opportunitiesas there are test tubes.
Exactly what can the graduate in chemistry do afteiJune? How does he go about finding work in such a technicafield? More specifically,what aboutan S.U. graduate?
ACCORDING TO FR. ERNEST BERTIN, S.J., head of th<S.U chemistry department, most of this University's chemistrygraduates enter oneof the following three areas: (1) industriaanalyticallaboratories, (2) research, (3) analytical chemistry.
Success stories are the best stories. S.U. boasts chemistrgraduates placed with the following firms: Fisher's Flour, Alberts' Flour, BoeingAirplane Co., ZellerbachPaper Co., Shell OilDow Chemical,Union Carbon andCarbide, and an impressive lisof others.
SALARIES FOR A CHEMISTRY major with a B.S. degreirange from $550-$6OO per month. Women can generallyexpec$500 monthly. Chemistswork the usual 40-hour week.
S.U. does not offer a Master's degree in chemistry. The;do offer summer courses for high school chemistry teachers.FrBertin added that allS.U. graduates inhis department are certified by the American Chemistry Association. In certain jobsFather noted, this rating is equivalent to holding a master'degree. For example, the Food and Drug Administration wiloffer the same salary to a 3.0 chemistry graduate having thicertification, as they will to a person having a master's degree
THE MAJOR JOB OPPORTUNITIES for chemistry graduatos in King County are in petroleum and pharmaceuticalcompanics. In the surrounding area there are positions available iipaper and wood industries,petroleumplants and inelectio-chem-istry. The head of S.U.s chemistry department noted that jobin this field are more ampleon the Eastern seaboard— Pennsylvania, Ohio and Delaware.
An oustanding feature of S.U.s chemistry program mentioned by Fr.Bertinis undergraduateresearch. Projects areno\
in operation, he said, for bio-chemistry, physical and organichemisty.
Preparation Could Mean JobJob Interviews:
By EILEENMOULEEvery college senior has spent four
years and thousands of dollars preparingfor his lifetime career. Many of theseseniors now find that the only thing thatstands between them and that career isthe 20 minutes or half hour spent in a jobinterview. If he is not properly preparedfor these few minutes he may lose theopportunity he has worked so long andhard toobtain.
Just what does the recruiter who visitsthe college campus or the personnel directorof a downtown business expect of a job appli-cant in the way of preparation for an inter-view? Generally, they expect three things.First, the applicant should have a basic knowl-edge of the company for which he would liketo work— where it is located, products it sells,financial condition, etc. He can learn thesethings by reading the company literature,available in the placement office, or the refer-ence section of the library.
SECONDLY, HE should come to the inter-viewprepared to givecharacter referencesandpersonal information such as a correct listof previous positions held, special training orqualifications, and scholastic records.
"This is no time to be overly modest aboutyour attainments; be factual without exagger*ation," states Louis A. Miller, director ofPlacement Service at the U. of Miami.
Thirdly, the applicant should make care-ful preparation in regard to his personal ap-pearance. Confidence in the way he looksadds to his poise and self-assurance, and helpsto make a good first impression.
MRS. ELLA KENNEDY, employment di-
rector for Frederick & Nelson, admits that<good grooming and poise alone do not guar-antee anyone a job.
"A girl applying for a secretarial positionmay look like a model from Vogue when shewalks into my office," said Mrs. Kennedy,"but if her application is untidy or has mis-spelledwordson it,she wouldnot get the job."
At the same time, Mrs. Kennedy added thata girl with the required skill, plus carefulgrooming and poise, would most certainly begranted a job over the skilled girl who lackedthese personal qualities.
When asked how the graduatemight makea good personal impression on the interviewer,Mrs.Kennedy suggested that she do everythingpossible beforehand to be neatly groomed andcomfortably but appropriatelydressed. Then,in the actual interview, forget nails, hair, andjewelry, relax and act as natural as possible.
Campus recruiters stress the importanceof making a good first impression. The inter-viewer will assume that a person who is care-less in his dress and personal habits will also,be careless in his work. They warn againstfads in dress or grooming. Beards, funnysideburns, extreme mustaches or hairdos mayhave their place, but it is not in job-hunting. "
MR. MILLER REPORTED that he hasasked hundreds of recruiters if they wouldhire a man with one of these facial adorn-ments and has received a unanimous "No."
An interview is an exchange of informa-tion and most interviewers are interested inmaking it as pleasant as possible.
However, job interviewers operate on atight schedule and are limited to the timethey can spend with each applicant. Only ifthe applicant is well prepared can these fewminutes be profitable to both parties.
'Solo Work Keynote of Grad School'By MILT FURNESS
Dr. Downes:
The student puts his brains on the line ingraduate school, according to Dr. DavidDownes, assistant professor of English and amember of the S.U. graduate council.
"Study in a graduate program is so differ-ent from undergraduate study," Dr. Downessaid. "It consists mainly of individual workand small seminars withusually no more than10 or 15 students."
INEFFECT, the professor tells the gradu-ate student "Here's your subject ... find outall you can about it." The grad student eitherproduces or has to get out, Dr.Downes added.
"The 'grade-getter' does not fare too well,"he said. "Rather than absorbing a lot of infor-mation and giving it back to the teacher inquizzes and tests, and thus graded, the gradstudent is judged and graded on the quality,value and depthof material that is submitted.Each class usually requires a paper and prob-ably a test."
IN THE SEMINAR, the student usuallylearns as much from the other students asfrom the instructor.
Dr. Downes outlined some of the steps andrequirements to enter a graduate school. Thestudent must have a bachelor's degree with aspecific undergraduate major. Many schoolsarenow requiring that their students take theGraduate Record Examination. This measuresthe quality of undergraduate education with ageneral knowledge examination and anotherin the student's particular field.
GRADE REQUIREMENTS vary, DnDownes said, because of competition in someareas and the number of those competing toget into different graduate schools.
Generally, most schools would not accepta student with less than a B average in hisundergraduate major. More than likely theschool would require a 3.0 overall grade pointaverageor might require a B in every subject.
APPLICATION is made to a school or sev-eral schools, much as applying for any uni-versity. Dr. Downes advised the prospectivegrad student to make a special effort to seekthe school whose graduate program excels inthe particular area of interest to the student.
THE SPECTATOR Friday,April 28,19612
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—Teacher-Demand Gap Growing
By MARY PAUMIER
Median Salary $5,745:
What are an educationmajor's chancesfor a teachingcareer after he's graduated?To this question Mr.VernB.Archer of theWashington Education Association quick-ly replied,"Youfind us theeducationgrad-uatesand wehave jobs for them."
For the 1960-61 school year, the statepiWashingtonhired4,272 elementary and sec-ondary teachers who had taught in Washing-ton the previous year. In 1960, there wereonly 2,258 education graduates from Washing-ton colleges, and of these only about 70%sought positions as teachers in the state.
ABOUT l.ttUO men and women returnedfrom other jobs to teach. This left a tremen-dous gap which had to be filled by bringingexperienced teachers in from other states andby granting emergency teaching certificates.
fie present demand for teachers in Wash-gton far exceeds the supply.Why, then, are there some qualified teach-
s in Washington without the teaching jobsey desire? The main reason is that five-
eighths of beginning teachers are preparedpri-"marily for secondary school teaching, whereasapproximately five-eighths of the new teach-ers are needed at the elementary level.
1UNLESS SOME graduates who have pre-red for secondary teaching are willing to
switch to elementary, they may find them-selves without a preferred position waitingto be filled by them.
Although the greatest demand is at theelementary level, there are still shortages inmany high school teaching fields now, espec-cially in English, foreign languages, mathe-matics and library science.
NOW TO THE practical side . .. money.Washington State ranks fourteenth in thenation in teacher salaries. The median salaryfor King County in 1960 was $5,745, and it'sgoing up.
Some, however, don't find Washington sal-aries satisfactory. Many teachers leave Wash-ington to go to other states, particularlyCalifornia where pay averages $700 to $800higher. This flow of teachers to Californiahas been a cause of concern to many,but itisn't the crisis that "it's cracked up to be,"Mr. Archer said.
NEARLY AS many teachers come fromCalifornia each year as leave Washington toteach there. After the 1959-60 school year, 152teachers left Washington to go to Californiaand 144 traveled in the opposite direction.
On the whole, the future looks bright foreducation majors. The demand for teachersis growing in order to meet increasing schoolenrollment and it will be the latter part ofthis decade before the college output of pre-pared teachers will increase substantially.
Graduates Trained for BusinessBy CAROL CONROY
Commerce and Finance:
IThe School of Commerce and Financejvides its graduates with a foundationprinciples, concepts,ideas, and theorieson which to build toward positions ofinagerialresponsibility. This is accom-shed through a curriculum designed to[uaint the student with economic realities,mcrical language,distributionand sales pro-ses, and the organizationof business in var-s areas.
KIN EACH OF THE SEVEN major fieldsthe School of Commerce and Finance, the
school provides a regularsystem of arranginginterviews for graduating students. Forty or50 companies send representatives to interviewapplicants for managerial training positions.Through this programstudents are given guid-ance toward worthwhile positions in the busi-ness world.
The financial and banking division of theschool prepares its graduates to assume posi-tions as financial managers of business enter-prises, government and banking institutions.
A STUDENT WITH A general commerce
major is equipped to operatehis own businessor to proceed to further study or specialization.
Industrial relations and personnel manage-ment has become an important and necessaryfield and offers qualified persons a variety ofpositions in personnelmanagement in business,government agencies, or laboradministration.
Career opportunities in administration, un-derwriting, claims adjustingand sales manage-ment in theareas of realestateandlife,proper-ty and casualty insurance are open to a gradu-ate in this area of specialization.
AFTER A STUDENT HAS completed astudy of marketing he may pursue a career insales management, merchandising, purchasingand storemanagement withretailing,wholesal-ing, advertisingand distributionagencies.
Positions as executive secretaries, officemanagers, or administrativeassistants are of-fered to the student whohaschosen officeman-agement courses of study.
ACCOUNTING OFFERS OPPORTUNITIESin auditing agencies of the government or of acorporation, as wellas certifiedpublic account-ing.
Need for EngineersIncreases in 1960's
By JAMES HARMSH"The fastest growth in the coming decade will occur
amongprofessionaland technical occupations,especiallyengineers, scientists and technicians," says the U. S. De-partment of Labor ina pamphlet,ManpowerChallenge ofthe19605.
Edward W. Kimbark, dean of the School of Engineer-ing, emphasized the growing need for engineers, saying, "Ourcivilization is getting more technical and the demand for engi-neers and technicians will keep going up."
IN THE PRODUCTION of missiles and rockets, the elec-trical engineer designs the control and communication instru-ments. The mechanical engineer works on the design andexperimentationof jet enginesand the strength and lightnessofparts. The chemical engineer experiments with the rocket fuel.
A civil engineer graduate finds his greatest opportunitieswith government agencies— the Corps of Engineers, Bureau ofReclamation, U.S. Forest Service and the State Department ofHighways.
With the great demand for engineers, graduates usuallyhave no trouble in securing jobs, Kimbark said. This year therewere interviews for jobs scheduled on 27 days in fall and win-ter quarter. The number of individualcompanies that sent rep-resentatives was even greater.
THE INTERVIEWERS look first at the student's g.p.a.,of course, Kimbark said. Other things that the interviewerinvestigates is: Does the applicant have any definite plans?Does he have some knowledgeof his particular company? Whatis the graduate seeking in wayof a job? The student's person-ality, appearance and extracurricular activities also enter intothe interview.
The lowest starting salary of a S.U. graduate engineer thatDean Kimbark has seen recently is $5,400. Most of the startingsalaries are about $7,000 a year, he added. The private com-panirs usually offer higher salaries to start than the govern-ment, he said, but the rate of advancement is better with thegovernment.
ENGINEERING MAJORS can look forward to long hoursat the drawing board. Two freshman students from Se-attle (from left), Mike Dougherty and Ralph Dobson,will soon get used to the "bent-back" position.
THE SPECTATOR3Friday,April28,1961
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College of Arts& Sciences Includes Numerous Opierous Opportunities for 'Career-Minded'Newspapers Need Top-Quality Graduates, By CARY BERG
A newspaper is a product ot acomplex team of career men
—ex-
ecutives, business experts, advertis-ingmen,linotypists, engravers,copy-readers, reporters and other special-ists.
A journalism graduate may con-sider any of these aspects of news-paper work.
TAKE REPORTING. Mr. GeorgMeyers, Seattle Times sports editor,describes the necessary qualities of agood reporter.
"You must be tough, alert, resource-ful and accurate," Mr. Meyers stated.
A beginningreporter is rarely assign-ed 1o cover the Olympic games in Romeor the crew races in Russia, as Mr. Mey-ers did, but thereare many opportunitiesopen tc him.
A JOURNALIST may begin hiscareer as a cub reporter or as vacation-
relief help until he works his way up toa regular staff position.
Mr. Henry MacLeod, managingeditorof the Seattle Times, says, "Newspapersneed top-quality young peopleout of col-lege."
"Ihope to get students with the abil-ity to writeclearly," he continued. "It ishard to find someone who can thinkclearly, organize his thoughts and writethem up, forgetting about floweryphrases."
MR. MacLEOD stressed that a jour-nalist must know the mechanics of gram-mar and spelling. Another qualificationhe requires of an applicant is a liberalarts education, giving him the backgroundto handle a wide variety of story topics.
Mr.MacLeod suggests that the begin-ning journalist seek a position on a smallnewspaper, perhaps a weekly. The em-ployee turnover on a small paper isgreater than that of a large daily. Asmall paper provides more employmentopenings and because of its limited staff,
the reportercan gain valuable experiencein many facets of newspaper work.
THE FIRST-YEAR reporter at theSeattle Times receives a weekly salaryof $77.75 and his pay increases as hegains experience.
Does marriage affect the career of anewspaperman?
Since the employees of an afternoonpaper usually work a 7:30 a.m.-4 p.m.shift, work does not interfere with mar-ried life.
"HOWEVER,Ido hire a male appli-cant in preference to a female of equalability becauseIwant someone who willstay with the paper," Mr. MacLeod ex-plained. "Odds are that a girl will begetting married in three or four yearsand when she has children, we lose 'her.Men are longer-term employees."
Reporting is not the only job open toa journalism graduate.He can specializein public relations, advertising, radio, ortelevision.
— Spectator photo byRandy LumppA SOCIOLOGY MAJOR has many fields from which to choose.Marilyn Bauer, senior from Newport, Ore., interviews a couple forpractice in counseling.
Management Fields Open to EconomistsBy CAROLE BUCKLEY
Economics Majors:
Business is looking to the eco-nomics major more than ever before.This is especially true in the fieldof management where the trend isto employ the graduate with a socialscience background, saidMr. CharlesDivoky, assistant professor of eco-nomics.
It is important for the studentWho willhave aposition of authorityto study the social sciences as well asbusiness principles,continued Mr.Divoky.
THE GRADUATE will be hired to doone specific job, but, as he rises in thecompany, he has more opportunity toserve the organization,and he will wantto drawon his social sciences, Mr.Divokyexplained.
The economics major, because he is
not just a specialist limited to one par-ticular field, finds his services in demandin all facets of business.
GRADUATES in economics who wantto specialize can serve as economists inindustry, government or education.
In industry, the economist is con-cerned chiefly with statistical determina-tions, measuring cost and price changes,and measuring fluctuations in business.
THE GOVERNMENT economiststudies business trends, populationchanges and the effects of industrialmovements. Government positions arelisted in the local office of the CivilServ-ice System.
If the economist chooses the field ofindustry, he is advised to make applica-tion directly with the firm. Most firmsemploy professional interviewers.
ECONOMICS graduates are also em-ployed as university professors. A mas-ters degreeis required to teacheconomicsand many universities require a doctor-ate.
Pay scale varies according to posi-tion and the field in which the economistis employed.
INDUSTRIAL economists receivefrom $8,500 to $12,000 a year. A govern-ment economist is paid approximately$6,000 to $9,500 a year. An economist inthe field of education is paid between$6,000 and $12,000 a year.
Employment opportunities for gradu-ates in economics are almost unlimited.The field not only gives a solid founda-tion in various aspects of business, butalso embraces all the facets of business.An economics major can normally finda position in any line of management.
— Spectator photo byRandy LumppTWO OF THE JOURNALISM majors graduating this June are(left) Lori Mills from Tacoma and Walli Zimmerman from Arling-ton. Both students are working on' story assignments in The Spec-tator office where they learned the practical side of journalism.
Research Work OpenFor Physics Grads
By GRETCHEN FREDERICK"The opportunities for careers in physics have risen
steadily since World War IIandpromise to continue withthe advancement of science."
Fr. James J. Cowgill, S.J., head of the S.U. physicsdepartment, echoes the words of top physicists today.Going on to explain the need for physicists in the expandingindustrial and research programs of the nation, Father said,"There are always more positions available than people to fillthem and ample opportunities for people of various talents."
THE TWO MAINDIVISIONS of physics are theoretical andexperimental. "The theoretical physicist," Father laughed, "isoften referred to as 'the pencil and paper man.' This work is
connected solely with mathematical concepts. The experimentalphysicists, on the other hand, usually work with equipmentandin laboratories."
University teaching, university research, industrial re-search, and governmentpositionsare the four generalfields openfor careers in physics today.
IN GRADUATE ASSISTANCESHIPS— which consist ofteaching, lecturing, supervising, and correcting work,and fellow-ships which involve graduate study and research at a univer-sity, stipends range from $1,000 to $3,000.
For the student who wishes to go on, post-doctoral fellow-ships for additional study and research range from $4,000 to$8,000.
The student entering physics today would find a variety ofsubjects open for consideration. Theoretical physics, nuclearphysics, spectroscopy, gaseous electronics, cosmic ray physics,low temperaturephysics, and solid state physics, are only a crosssectionof these.
INVALUABLE TO THOSE WHO seek a career in the fieldis the Placement Service Register,published twicea year by theAmerican Institute of Physics. According to a conference inWashington, D. C, on Feb. 1, 1961, there were a total of 450positionsopen in academic and institutional associations. Sal-aries ranged from $5,000 to $23,000, depending upon education,experience,andparticularfield of ability.
History Grads EnterJournalism. Teaching
By MAGGIE DAEGASand CAROLYN SEVICK
Interesting and challenging positions are open to thegraduate of history. Three stand paramount: teaching,research, and journalism. Whichever is chosen, the grad-uate of history is in a unique position. Because of hisbroad historical background, he is able to analyze con-temporary affairs objectively.
THE TEACHING PROFESSION offers ranging areas ofsubject matter, degree of specialization and corresponding sal-ary. Teaching on the elementary levelwill providea salary from$3,200 and $4,000. With more study and experience, the pay in-creases for the high school teacher because his field demandsamore exactingspecialization.
A university offers $5,000 to $10,000 yearly and an en-dowedprofessorship provides $12,000 to $15,000. Currently, thelarger institutions are demanding instructors to teach the his-toriesof modernEurope, theFar East, and ancient andmedievaltimes. A linguistic ability is an invaluable asset for the studyof original source materials.
Research opportunitiesare found in federal, state and for-eign departments. The National Park Service employs histori-ans to provide interpretive,informativeprograms for the public.
ARCHIVES, LIBRARIES, social-science research institu-tions and historical societies demand preservation, identificationand classification of documentary materials of an official orunofficial character.
Large corporations require backgrounds for advertisingcopy. Tracing family backgrounds, genealogy,as wellas deter-mining backgrounds for the productions of screen and stage areother research opportunities.
COUPLING A KNOWLEDGE of history with a literaryskill enables one to enter other fields of advertising as wellaspolitics, literature and journalism. Writers and editors are em-ployed by manufacturing and business firms, public utilities,magazines, newspapers and governmentalagencies for prepara-tionof articles,bulletinsand reports.
— Spectator photobyRandy LumppPHYSICS EXPERIMENTS are necessary preparationfor many tech-nical careers. Two engineering majors (from left),LyleEberle andDean Griggs, both sophomores from Yakima, work out a problemin lab.
Friday,April28,1961 THE4
erous Opportunities for 'Career-Minded'Research Chances Limitless in Mathematics
By SARA ETCHEYMathematicians of the future
should heed the words of Dr. Theo-dore S. Chihara,head of S.U.s math-ematics department. He advises stu-dents to "obtain a bachelor of sci-ence degree in mathematics becauseopportunities begin there."
Then,Dr. Chihara continues, tryto acquire an M.A. and a Ph.D.,though they require more study andwork. "In post-graduate work lie limit-less opportunities for research," he said.
Among the varied opportunitiesavail-able,a mathematicsmajor withaB.S. de-gree will find many jobs open in the fieldof education. Thereis aheavydemandforproperly-trainedmath teachers in secon-dary schools.
THE SALARY range is from $3,000to $5,000 a year. The hours are good, giv-ing the teacher time to increase his own
knowledge of mathematics and a three-months vacationwithpay to study for ad-vanced degrees.
A Ph.D. is required to teach on thecollege level. The teacher must have abackground in the disciplines of analysis,geometryand algebra. Most likely,he willbe required to combineresearch workandteaching. The beginningsalary of an in-structor with a Ph.D. is about $5,000 ayear, while the maximumsalary of a fullprofessor will range from $9,000 to$18,000.
MATHEMATICIANS are also neededin mathematicaland applied statistics. Aconsiderableamount of advanced math isrequiredfor these fields. Salaries for sta-tistics instructors with a Ph.D. rangefrom$5,000 to $5,500 a year; for profes-sorships in universities,up to $20,000 ayear.
In government work, a statisticianmay earn a maximum of $13,000 a year.With a B.A. or M.A., beginning salariesare considerably lower. They range from
$3,500-4,500, and are usually in govern-ment, business or industry.
INDUSTRY OFFERS A variety of jobopportunities at all levels of training.Mathematicians with a B.A. or M.A. areusually limited to the field of computing,since they are not qualifiedas engineers,physicists, or industrial mathematicians.In addition to a mathematics degree, it isadvisable to acquire a B.S. in engineeringor physics.
The mathematician in industry mustparticipate in engineering research, inevolving new methods for solving engi-neering problems.
THE WORK OF an actuary is prob-ably one of the most rewarding of allfields of mathematics. In 'life insurancecompanies, the actuary is concerned withsalary benefits and how much moneyshould be set aside to guarantee the pay-ment of benefits in the future.
English Grads EnterBusiness, Education
By CHUCK VERHARENAn English major usually regards his B.A. degree as
only a step inhis career training. Ingeneral, three fieldsare open to the graduate in English: business, teachingand fiction writing.
The undergraduate who enters the business worldwill engage in government, corporation, or advertisingwork. This work consists of writing descriptive copy, explana-torymanuals, orarticles forcorporationmagazines. Not directlyconnected with writing are jobs concerned with personnelselec-tion andplacement.
COMPENSATION FOR THESE types of work naturallyvarieshighly with the type and qualityof work performed.Gov-ernment jobs willprovide theleast financialreward initiallywithan averagebase pay of $4,000 per year. On the other hand, cor-porationand advertising concerns willpay wellover $10,000 peryearfor experiencedmenofhigh calibre.
The second field which the English major may enter is thatof teaching. An education graduate with a B.A. may be able tobegin teaching at either the grade orhigh school level upon grad-uation. However, should the graduate wish to teach at the col-lege level, he must obtain an M.A. before becoming a regularinstructor. This usually requiresan extrayearof study.
WITH AN M.A., A COLLEGE instructor will earn an aver-age of $5,000 per year for nine months of teaching. Usually, theinstructor will continue his schooling until ho obtains his Ph.D.in English. The minimumamount of time required is two years.
Ultimately, the time factor depends on how much time theteacher-student can afford to take off from teaching to earnhis degree. Promotions range from instructorship to assistantprofessor to full professor. Advanced pay scales range from$6,000 in the less-wealthy schools to $18,000 for a professor'schair in the Ivy League or wealthier state universities.
IN THE LITERARY FIELD, the free lance writer needsno advanced training after graduation. Extra courses on thetechnical aspects of magazine writingmay help, but no degree*are required.
field, dating from about 1925. Since,sociological areas of interest havegrown and created varied career op-portunities.
Before discussing any career pos-sibilities,it must be emphasized thatthere is a direct relationshipbetweeneducational backgroundand opportunitiesavailable to the job-seeker in the field ofsociology.
FEW POSITIONS are open to the grad-uate with a B.A. degree. A master's de-gree opens more doors, and a Ph.D. will,in most instances, afford unlimited possi-bilities in this area.
Teaching offers the greatest number ofopportunities to the young sociologist. Inaddition to faculty positions on the uni-versity level,moreandmore positionsarebecoming available in junior colleges and
smaller liberal arts colleges for the M.A.applicant.
RESEARCH IS the most rapidly ex-.panding area in sociology. Dollar-wise,the better jobs are inresearch. Thepossi-bilities may be generally categorized asprivate and governmental research.
The first category includes:
PRIVATE RESEARCH FOUNDA-TIONS which hire out their services andwill investigate anything the client speci-fies.
Industrial research, in which the sociol-ogist is hired by a company to work onproblems arising in labor-management,worker relationshipsand home-work situ-ations.
Market research, in which a sociologistmight study buying trends, sales, and re-latedproblems.
SOME RESEARCH POSITIONS are
also available in universities and colleges,although these are generally limited tothose holding Ph.D. degrees, or candi-dates for them.
Governmental research includes posi-tions offered by: (1) the Federal govern-ment, associatedwith a particularbranchof government (i.e. military, state de-partment, public health, bureau of cen-sus); (2) local governments in planninggroups, workingon problemsof urban re-newal laws and city planning.
THE THIRD POSSIBILITY associatedwith sociology is social work. Althoughthese fields are definitely not to beequated, a major in sociology is often asteppingstone to further opportunitiesboth in education and employment.
The graduate with a B.A. may find apositiondoing case workor as aprobation,officer in anagency.
Political ScientistsEnter Two 'Channels'
By SUE GEIGERThe political science department at S.U. has yielded
two state legislators, as well as public administratorsand personnel directors. Yet. the field is rather vagueand unknown to many students.
The political science graduate with a B.A. can entereither of two channels of work
—civil or foreign service. He
has been trained to enter government work on the federal, stateand local levels.
THEGENERAL AIM of the politicalscience course,accord-ing to Dr. Charles La Cugna, is "not so much technical prepa-ration, but training in leadership and active participation inpolitical affairs." Dr. La Cugna is an assistant professor inpolitical science at S.U.
Graduate work prepares the political science major forcollege teaching and upper levels of government service.
INCIVIL SERVICE, the political scientist has opportuni-ties such as political advising to a labor management group,directing politicalcampaigns, or acting in some administrativeposition of city, county, state or federal government.
The second fieldof workoffered to a politicalscience grad-uate is the Foreign Service. Virtually all the official positionsin the U.S. embassies are held by Foreign Service officers.These young men and women, well-tested with oral, written,and physical examinations,are representatives of the U.S. gov-ernment throughout the world.
THEIR DUTIES include interpreting U.S. foreign policyto the governments and citizens of foreign countries;preparingreports for the Department of State based on observation andanalysis of conditions and developments in foreign countries.These include reports on politicalprograms, labor policies,pub-lic opinion and social conditions.
A WOMAN majoring in political science, even though shemay not have the opportunity to join civil service or ForeignService, will find many uses for her knowledge of politics inher owncommunity. Leadershipin the P.T.A. and other com-munity groups is very important, and a knowledge of how acommunity and society work will contribute much to the wel-fare of the community.
PageFiv«THE SPECTATOR
Chieftain Baseballers Share Doubleheader With P.L.U.The Chieftains split a double-
header with Pacific LutheranUniversity Tuesday afternoon,winning the first game, 5-1 anddropping the second, 2-1.
THE WIN gave the Chiefs atotal vi 300 wins against 107 defeatssince 1947.
Frank Keenan gave up sevenhits inWinning the first game. S.U. also col-lected seven hits but turned them intofive runs.
Th* Chiefs put across all five runs
in the second inning. Lloyd Burgartstarted off the inning with a single.Jerry Schatz followed with a singleand Jack Fitterer singled to drive inBurgart.
FRANK KEENAN then doubled todrive in Schatz. Kayla walked to loadthe bases. Glen Mattison walked togive Fitterera free trip to home.FrankMichael singled to drive in the fifthrun.
Bob Neubauer and Jerry Schatz dou-bled in the third and fifth innings re-spectively to account for the Chiefs"other two hits.
P.L.U.SCORED their lone run in thesecond inning with singles by Curtisand Fredrickson.The latter was cred-ited with the RBI.
Keenan struck out three and walkedone in winning his second game of theseasonagainst one loss
Rudy D'Amico pitched the secondgame for S.U. He pitched threehit ballfor six innjngs but ran into trouble inthe last inning.
P.L.U. started off the last inningwith a double, then a walk and an in-field hit to load the bases. Rudy thenwalked the next two batters, forcing inthe two winning runs.
THE CHIEFS scored their lone runin the fourth inning. Richie KaylaandGlen Mattisonfileddeep to right field,chael singled. Larry McCauley flied todeep center field. Kayla scored afterthe catch.
In the Chiefs half of the last inningS.U. loaded the bases. With two outGlen aMttison flied to deep right field.The P.L.U. right fielder made a divingcatch to rob the Chiefs of the win.
D'Amico gave up five hits, struckout 10, and walked three in losing2-1.Rudy's season record now stands at 2wins and 4 losses.
S.U. Golfers Club Pilots,Beavers; Lose to Oregon
The S.U.golf team won three of four matches on theirweek-end road trip.They defeated OregonState once andPortland University twice, while losing to Oregon.
irsday, the Chieftains defeated the Portland Universitygolfers, 12-6. Medalists Gary Galbreath and Bill Warner ledthe S.U. linksmen with 74's.
ON FRIDAY, the Chieftains lost their first match of theseason to an undefeated Oregon team, 12-6. Bill Warner ledthe team with an even-par 70. Deßoss Kinkade followed witha 3-over-pw, 73. Other scores were: Gary Galbreath, 74; PatO'Neil, 80. and Pete Caiiozzi, 84. S.U.s six points came fromVictories by Bill Warner and Pat O'Neil.
The S.U. golfers came back the next day to sweep a dualmatch from Oregon State and Portland University. The Chief-tains defeated the Beavers and the Pilots by identical scoresof HVi-6Vi. The combined score was S.U 23, Oregon State 18and Portland University 13.
WARNER AND Kinkado won medals for the Chieftains.Warner had a 1-under-par 70 and Kinkade an even-par 71.Gary Galbreath and Eddie Poarsall followed with 2-over-par73's Pete Carlozzi and Pat O'Neil had 77 and 78 respectively.
Chief Racquet Swingers TrouncePacific Lutheran University Team
S.U.s varsity netmen trounced the netters from PacificLuthwan University, 6-1at the Evergreen Tennis Club, Tuesday.
Mark Fri-sby, the Chiefs' number onenetter, defeatedLarryPetert n in the feature matchof the jay,8-6, 6-3 6-2, 6-4 in the fourth match.
Vie Reynolds capped an S.U.singles sweep by defeating KenGael, 6-2, 6-0.
IN THE SECOND matchJohn C jrranbeatDick Purtzer,6-2, 6-3. and in the third en-counif" Mike Dowd defeatedLoren Hildebrand,6-0,6-1. JiroSugujo ousted Dale Thompson
In the doubles matchesP.L.U.'s Peterson and Hilde-brand defeatedDowd and Rey-nolds.
S. U. Golfer's Stolen CarRecovered, Clubs Missing
Eddie Pearsall, S.U. golfer,may not be playing with thegolf team this week. Eddie'scar was stolen from campuslast week and his golf clubswerein thecar.
The police lound the car ona deserted road near Tacoma.The car was partially wreckedand the clubs were missing.
Chieftains NameImaginary Squad
The Chieftain basketballteam picked their imagi-nary all-star opponent teamthis week.
Three players from op-posing teams were unanimouschoices. They were: LarryArmstrong, Arizona State,Frank Burgess, Gonzaga, andWayne Yates, Memphis State.
FILLING OUT the firstteam choices were Tony Cerk-vonik, Arizona State, andCharlie Sells, W.S.U.
Other all-star opponentspicked for S.U.s second teamwere Frank Swopes, IdahoState; Terry Ball, W.S.U.;Glenn Moore, Oregon; JohnBryant, Montana State, andArt Easterly, University ofPortland.
Friday,April 28,1961THE SPECTATOR6
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Class Officers. Senators ElectedPat Bader and Al Smith
were elected presidents of thesenior and sophomore classesfor the year 1961-62 in finalelectionsyesterday.JeffPeder-son was unopposed for juniorclass president.
Bader beat Dennis Monroe,andSmith defeatedWalt Tonerin the runoffs.
Other class officers electedinclude: '
SENIORS: Vice president:Pat Monohan; secretary-treas-urer: Linda Chiappa. Bo th
were unopposedJUNIORS: Vice president:
Phil Rogers; secretary-treas-urer: Ann McQuarrie. Rogerswas unopposed.
SOPHOMORES: Vice presi-dent: Mary McWherter; sec-retary-treasurer: Sharon Mor-rissey.
The senior class had twocandidates unopposed for theStudent Senate, Mick Flynnand Nancy English. A thirdcandidate, Ginger Ruby, with-drew from the race this week.
JUNIOR CLASS senatorselected for next year's termare Bob Burnham, MargaretRaney, Mike Reynolds, DickPeterson and Leo Penne.
Sophomore senators areConnie McDonough, Mary JoShepherd, Bob Turner, PaulBastasch, and.Pat Connolly.
THE ELECTION resultswere certified by Dave Irwin.ASSU first vice president. Hesaid the freshman class (elect-ing its sophomore officers)cast three times as many bal-lots as the other two classescombined.
All officers and senatorselected will take office in thefall. The three vacancies inthe Senate from the seniorclass will be filled by presi-dential appointment at the be-ginning of the 1961-62 session. WINNING DISPLAY in the student display at last week-
end's University Day was this $50 winner by the Inter-national Club. Other winners were Hiyu Coulee, secondplace,$35; Sodality, third place,$15; Nurses'Club,YoungDemocrats and White Caps, honorable mention. Twoclub members, Roti Spruenken (left) and Marion Bene-dicto, answered visitors' questions.
OnCampus with
luthor of"IWas a Teen-ageDwarf," "The ManyLoves of Dobie Gillti,"etc.)
A ROBE BY ANY OTHER NAMEAs Commencement Day drawsnear, the questiononeveryone'slips is: "Howdidthe differentdisciplinescome to bemarkedbyacademic robes with hoods of different colors?" Everybody—but everybody— is askingit.ImeanIhaven'tbeen able to walkten feeton any campusin Americawithoutsomebodygrabsmyelbow and says,"How did the different disciplines come to bemarked by academicrobeswithhoods of differentcolors,hey?"
This,Imust say,isnot theusual questionasked bycollegianswho grab my elbow. Usually they say, "Hey, Shorty, got aMarlboro?" And this is right and proper.After all,are they notcollegians, and, therefore, the nations leaders in intelligenceand discernment? And donot intelligence and discernmentde-mandthe tastiest in tobacco flavorand smokingpleasure? Anddoes not Marlborodeliver a flavor that is uniquely mellow, aselectrate filter that is easy drawing,a pack that is soft, a boxthat is hard? Youknowit!
ButIdigress. Back to the colored hoods of academicrobes.A doctor of philosophy wears blue,a doctorof medicine wearsgreen,amaster ofarts wearswhite,adoctorofhumanities wearscrimson, a masterof library science wears lemonyellow.Why?Why, forexample,should amasterof library sciencewearlemonyellow?
Wellsir, to answer this vexingquestion, we must goback toMarch 29, 1844. On that date the first public library in theUnited States was established by Ulric Sigafoos. All of Mr.Sigafoos's neighbors were of course wildly grateful— all, thatis, except Wrex Todhunter.
Mr. Todhunter hadhated Mr.Sigafoossince 1822 whenbothmen had wooedthe beauteous Melanie Zitt and Melanie hadchosenMr.Sigafoos because she wasmad for dancingand Mr.Sigafoosknew allthe lateststeps,like the MissouriCompromiseMambo, the Shay's Rebellion Schottische, and the James K.Polk Polka, whileMr. Todhunter,.alas, could not dance at allowingtoa woundhe hadreceived at theBattleof NewOrleans.(He was struck bya fallingpraline.)
Consumed with jealousy at the success of Mr. Sigafoos'slibrary,Mr. Todhunter resolved to open a competinglibrary.This he did, but he lured not a single patron away from Mr.Sigafoos."Whathas Mr. Sigafoos got thatIhaven't got?"Mr.Todhunterkeptasking himself, and finally the answercame tohim:books.
SoMr. Todhunterstockedhislibrary withlotsofdandybooksand soon he was doing more business than his hated rival.But Mr. Sigafoos struck back.Toregain his clientele,he beganserving tea free of chargeat his library everyafternoon. There-upon, Mr. Todhunter, not to be outdone, began serving teawith sugar. Thereupon,Mr. Sigafoos began serving tea withsugar and cream. Thereupon, Mr. Todhunter began servingtea with sugar and cream andlemon.
This, of course, clinched the victory for Mr. Todhunter be-cause hehad theonly lemontree in town— in fact, in theentirestateofNorthDakota— and since that day lemonyellowhas ofcourse been the color on the academicrobes of library science.
* * *Anil today Californians, happy among their GuernseysandHolsteins, are discovering a great new cigarette— the un-fxltered, king-size Philip Morris Commander
—and so are
Americans in all fifty states. Welcome aboard!
CNCCS Discussion Postponed;Work on Constitution Continued
Senate Report:
At Sunday'sStudent Senate meeting,ASSUPresidentTom Kearns stated in his officer's report that discussionof the CNCCS convention will be on the agenda of theSenate's last meetingof theyear.
Kearns and Dave Irwin,ASSU first vice president,at-tended the CNCCS convention,April 13-16, at the College ofGreat Falls, Montana
KEARNS ALSO reported onthe meetings concerning thestudent contract with the Uni-versity administration.He hadno information available, asyet, on the Hungry iCollegeConcert Series.
Discussion of the newly-proposed constitution was re-sumed. One of the changes inthe wordingprovides that theJudicial Board chairman bedesignated by the ASSU presi-
dent, subject to Senate ap-proval. " " "
THE TEXT of the newASSU constitution will be puo-lished in The Spectator May 5,according toDave Irwin, ASSUfirst vicepresident.The amend-ed student contract will bepublished in the May 12 issue.
A hearing on the constitu-tion will take place from May8-12 in the first vice presi-dent's office.
VOTIXU ON both bilk hasbeen scheduled for Tuesday,May 16.
THE SPECTATOROfficial publication for the stu-
dents of Seattle University. Pub-lished weekly on Fridays duringthe school year. Editorial andbusiness offices at Student UnionBuilding, 11th and E. Spring St.,Seattle 22. Washington. Subscrip-tion rates, S2.50 per year. Enter-ed as third class matter.
EDITOR-IN-CHIEFMILT FURNESS
SPECIALISSUECO-EDITORSSUE HACKETT
AND JUDY KINGManaging Editor,Jan Kelly; Busi-
ness Manager, Sue Hackett;Feature Editor, Judy King;Sports Editor, Jim Harnish; Ad-vertising Manager, Mike Rey-nolds; Faculty Adviser,Fr. Fran-cis J. Greene, S.J.; Executive
Editor, Walli Zimmerman.Editorial Staff: Jan Marckx, Dian
Coughlin. Patti Wenker, CarolConroy, Eileen Moule, SharonMorrissey, K a t hy Sifferman,Maureen Casey, Mary Lou May,Carol Caviezel, Walt Wilson,Corinne Bryan, Barbara Corn-wall, Cecelia Lackner, SallyHein, Claudia Lord, Kathy Wei-ner, Sheila Donohoe, SharonMissiaen, Patti Knott, GretchenFrederick, Tracy Roberts, Car-ole Buckley, Pat Stoker, RandyLumpp, Jim Cronin, John Fat-torini, R. Leo Penne, Gene Es-quival, Gerry Hanley, ChuckVerharen. Artists: Barbara May,Kay Lynch.
7THE SPECTATORFriday,April 28,1961
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Nursing Offers Varied Fields1 By MAUREEN CASEY
Rewarding Career:
Choosing the right career is one ot the
most important decisions one makes in life.For one who has the proper qualifications,nursing offers many varied and rewardingopportunities.
S.U. provides a program in nursing lead-Ing to a baccalaureate degree. The last twoyears of the course are spent in actual train-ing at Providence Hospital, Veterans Admin-istrationHospitalat AmericanLake, and Fir-lands Sanatorium. Public health nursing isdone in the Seattle-King County area.
THE MAJOR FIELDS are hospital nurs-ing,publichealth nursing, occupationalhealthnursing, and nursing education.
Hospital nursing includes the clinical spe-cialties: pediatrics, obstetrics, psychiatrics,geriatrics, and surgery. Obstetrics and pedi-atrics are the care of mothers and children.In psychiatrics the nurse takes charge of thementally ill; geriatrics, charge of the aged.Surgical nursing is the care of patients before,during, and after operations.
There are also other specialties,some— likerehabilitationand research— just coming intobeing in a rapidly-changingworld.
PUBLIC HEALTH nursing carries nurs-ing into the homes of people in the communitythrough visiting nurse services and the nurs-ing programs of government health depart-ments.
Occupationalhealthnursinginbusiness andindustrial firms aims to keep workers healthyand on their jobs.
Nursing education combines nursing andteaching as a specialized career in nursingschools, colleges and universities.
SALARIES FOR professional nurses de-penduponpreparation,experience,and the pay
scale of the local community. Here, in Seattle,the R.N. begins at approximately $310 amonth. Of course, salaries will also vary withthe type of work. For example, due to thehazardous conditions under which she works,the industrialnurse starts at around $400.
— Spectatorphoto byRandy Lumpp
NURSINGSTUDENT Rosemary Belmont,a junior from Seattle, wears sterilizedgown and face mask to work with gauzebandages.
THE SPECTATOR8
Friday,April 28,1961
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Week's EventsTODAY: p.m., S 17.
Mixer. International Club spon- Baseball: S.U. vs. University ofsors "The Twitch," 8 p.m. to British Columbia, 1:30 p.m.,midnight, ChieftainLounge. Broadway Playfield.
