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Folia Heyrovskyana, series A, vol. 17(2): 73-80, 2009, ed.: Novembe 20, 2009 ISSN 1801-7142

Xenopsis akiyamai sp. nov. from Sumatra (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Polycestinae: Polycestini: Xenopsina)

Mark G. VOLKOVITSH

Zoological Institute RAS, Universitetskaya nab. 1, R–199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; e-mail: polycest@zin.ru

Abstract. Xenopsis akiyamai sp. nov. from Sumatra (Indonesia) is described, illustrated and compared with its congeners. A modifi ed key, checklist, and distributional map of Xenopsis Saunders, 1867 species are provided.

Taxonomy, new species, key, checklist, Coleoptera, Buprestidae, Polycestinae, Xenopsis, Oriental region

INTRODUCTION

In the recent revision (VOLKOVITSH 2008) of the Oriental buprestid genus Xenopsis Saunders, 1867 and related genera, I noted that the specimens illustrated in AKIYAMA & OHMOMO (2000; fi gs. 135-1, 135-2) as “Paraxenopsis boschmai (Théry, 1935)” (now Xenopsis), actually belong to another, most probably new species. Recently I received from V. Kubáň (National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic) a male specimen of an unknown Xenopsis species which turned to be very similar to the male of “P. boschmai” sensu AKIYAMA & OHMOMO (2000) and collected in the same (or very close) locality in West Sumatra (Indonesia). Unfortunately, I was unable to study specimens illustrated in AKIYAMA & OHMOMO (2000) which are presumably deposited in the private collection of the late K. Akiyama, and for this reason I do not include them in type series.

TAXONOMIC PART

Subfamily Polycestinae Lacordaire, 1857

Tribe Polycestini Lacordaire, 1857

Subtribe Xenopsina Volkovitsh, 2008

Genus Xenopsis Saunders, 1867

Xenopsis Saunders, 1867: 514. – VOLKOVITSH 2008: 630 (revision).Type species: Xenopsis laevis Saunders, 1867 (by monotypy).

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Volkovitsh M. G.: Xenopsis akiyamai sp. nov. from Sumatra (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Xenopsina)

Xenopsis akiyamai sp. nov. (Figs. 1-12)

“Paraxenopsis boschmai” sensu AKIYAMA & OHMOMO 2000: 137; fi gs. 135-1, 135-2 (not THÉRY (1935) – misidentifi cation).

Type locality: Indonesia, West Sumatra prov., Harau Valley env., ca. 20 km N of Payakumbuh, 600-800 m.

Type specimens. Holotype ♂: “Indonesia, West Sumatra, Harau Valley env., cca 20 km N of Payakumbuh, 600-800 m alt., 7.2007, St. Jakl lgt.”. Holotype in collection V. Kubáň, Prague, Czech Republic.

Description. Holotype (male). Body (Figs. 1-3) broad, robust, 3.0 times as long as wide, with weak but defi ned dorsal curvature, slightly narrowed behind, multicolored, with metallic refl ection, iridescent; frons and disc of pronotum brightly green, pronotal base and medial line, and scutellum golden-green, here and there with reddish or purple refl ection, elytra greenish-blue with strong violet refl ection, sutural interval violet at posterior 2/3 of elytra, epipleuron golden-green, antennae blackish-green, legs greenish-blue, thoracic and abdominal sternites medially, posterior margins of abdominal sternites, metacoxal plates, and bases of femora golden-green, sides of abdominal sternites and femora distally bluish-green with strong violet refl ection; head, pronotum (excluding posterior half of disc), and elytra with rather long semierect or recumbent brown setae, body ventrally with long, dense, straight, brown and yellowish setae; elytral apices tridentate; body length 9.9 mm, width 3.3 mm.

Head (Figs. 4-5, 7). Frons (Fig. 4) 1.19 times as wide as vertex, with strongly curved sides; vertex wide, 1.56 times as wide as eye diameter. Frons in lower part with ocellate sculpture of large round umbilicate punctures bearing centrally distinct micropunctures, intervals between punctures subequal to half diameter of punctures; punctures smaller and sparser with intervals more than twice as wide as diameter of punctures in upper part. Clypeus separated from frons by deep transverse sulcus nearly reaching inner margins of eyes and surrounding dorsally supraantennal carinae; upper part of clypeus elevated, forming ledge above depressed lower part, anterior margin shallowly, angularly emarginated. Antennae very short, 0.89 times as long as height of eye, weakly serrate beginning with 6th antennomere, but with subapical sensory fossae beginning with 4th antennomere. First antennomere short, strongly swollen apically; antennomere 2 nearly globose, swollen; 3 – short, peg-like, as long as 2nd; antennomere 4 elongate, 1.25 times as long as 3rd, scarcely widened toward apex; antennomere 5 feebly shorter and of the same shape as 4th; antennomere 6 markedly widened toward apex, triangular, slightly narrower than 7th; antennomeres 7-10 triangular, slightly wider than long; antennomere 11 irregularly oval.

Pronotum (Figs. 1-2, 5) transverse, 1.89 times as wide as long, regularly convex; sides slightly arcuately converging forward, widest at base; disc (Fig. 5) with inconspicuous median line. Anterior margin nearly straight, cariniform; basal margin nearly straight, feebly curved laterally, without medial lobe; basal fossae punctiform, well marked, rather deep. Lateral carina smoothened, well developed only in basal half, but visible up to anterior angles, weakly bisinuate at base. Pronotal surface with fi ne smoothened sculpture; sides and anterior half of disc with sparse, small, umbilicate punctures separated by intervals equal

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Folia Heyrovskyana, series A, vol. 17(2): 73-80, 2009, ed.: Novembe 20, 2009 ISSN 1801-7142

Figs. 1-7. Xenopsis akiyamai sp. nov., holotype ♂, 9.9 mm. 1 – dorsal view; 2 – lateral view; 3 – ventral view; 4 – head, frontal view; 5 – head and pronotum, dorsal view; 6 – abdominal sternites 3-5; 7 – head, pro-, meso-, and metasternum, ventral view.

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Volkovitsh M. G.: Xenopsis akiyamai sp. nov. from Sumatra (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Xenopsina)

to 3-5 diameters of punctures; basal half of disc with smaller and sparser, nearly simple punctures transverse at the middle; transverse rugosity indistinct. Sides and anterior half of disc with rather long, semierect, curved, dark brown setae; posterior half of disc glabrous. Anterior margin of prosternum (Fig. 7) slightly arcuately projecting forward, without collar, posteriorly bordered with fi ne sulcus; prosternal surface regularly convex without marked depressions and elevations. Prosternal process distinctly wider than long, parallel-sided, not edged, widely rounded apically, covered with small umbilicate punctures. Hypomeron with ocellate sculpture of smoothened umbilicate punctures separated by intervals equal to diameter of punctures. Anterior emargination of mesosternum deep, angular, reaching posterior 1/4 of mesosternum; disc transverse, not separated from lateral branches by bend, sculpture as on prosternum. Meso-metasternal suture nearly straight; anterior process of metasternum very wide, more than twice as wide as long.

Scutellum (Fig. 5) roundly cordate, narrowed backwards, slightly longer than wide, markedly depressed centrally.

Elytra (Figs. 1-2, 5) wide, 2.23 times as long as wide, slightly convex, with deep transverse subbasal depression and carinate anterior margin; humeral swellings slightly elevated; elytral sides explanate along entire length, subparallel as far as midlength and then weakly arcuately converging to apices; bearing 3 sharp teeth apically (Fig. 6), presutural one smallest, shallowly emarginated interval between anterior and middle teeth 1.4 times that between middle and presutural teeth which is nearly straight. Epipleuron narrow, not covering metepisternum, with distinct sharp tooth at the hind coxae level, separated by distinct carina. Elytral striae very fi ne, superfi cial, weakly depressed at posterior half but not sulcate, forming by separate round punctures slightly larger then these on intervals. Second stria merging with fi rst one in anterior 1/4 of elytra, third stria terminating freely near mid-length. Intervals equal, fl at, wide, 5-7 times as wide as striae, slightly convex at posterior half, not curved before apices, with fi ne sparse uniseriate punctures; surface smooth, feebly shiny, bearing short but distinct, recumbent brown setae.

Legs (Figs. 1, 3, 5, 7). Metacoxal plates with posterior margin slightly emarginated. Tibiae poorly expanded distally, slightly curved, without apical spurs; hind tibiae bearing comb of sparse long setae externally. First tarsomere of hind tarsus of male not modifi ed; tarsal pads developed on tarsomeres 3 and 4, gradually becoming larger toward apex. Claws simple with small swelling at basal half.

Abdomen (Figs. 3, 6). Suture between visible sternites 1 and 2 straight; posterior margin of sternite 2 distinctly bisinuate, with slightly projecting median lobe, those of sternites 3 and 4 straight. Sides with sparse, small horseshoe-shaped and slightly asperate punctures separated by smooth intervals; disc with smaller and sparser punctures; surface with rather sparse, yellowish long setae. Anal sternite (Fig. 6) transverse, widely rounded and distinctly emarginated apically.

Aedeagus (Figs. 8-11). Pregenital abdominal segments (Figs. 10-11) typical for Xenopsis (see VOLKOVITSH 2008). Tegmen (Fig. 8) entirely sclerotized, basal part without dorsal apodeme; parameres gradually widened toward anterior 1/4, with pointed and distinctly attenuate apices. Penis (Fig. 9) wide, gradually expanded toward large broad apical apodeme, with distinct arcuate subapical sclerotization and long recurrent medial spur of apical sclerotization; apophyses poorly differentiated, narrow.

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Folia Heyrovskyana, series A, vol. 17(2): 73-80, 2009, ed.: Novembe 20, 2009 ISSN 1801-7142

Female (AKIYAMA & OHMOMO 2000, fi g. 135-2) dorsally brightly green with purple posterior half of elytra.

Etymology. The new species is named after late Japanese entomologist K. Akiyama who contributed signifi cantly to the study of buprestids of Japan and southeastern Asia.Comments. Male and female specimens illustrated in AKIYAMA & OHMOMO (2000, fi gs. 135-1, 135-2) as “Paraxenopsis boschmai” originated approximately from the same locality as the holotype of X. akiyamai sp. nov.: “Indonesia, West Sumatra, Harau valley, Payakumbuh, iv-v. 1989, E. Marlis leg.” (male) and same, but: “x.1989-i.1990, A. Sarimudanas leg.” (female). The male specimen nearly completely corresponds to holotype of X. akiyamai sp. nov. in small size, body shape and coloration and it is highly probable that both specimens belong to this species.Distribution. Indonesia (West Sumatra) (Fig. 12).Differential diagnosis. Xenopsis akiyamai sp. nov. differs from all other Xenopsis species by small broad body, coloration, distinct dorsal pubescens (apart from X. laevis Saunders, 1867), very short antennae expanding from 6th antennomere only, roundly cordate scutellum, deep transverse depression in elytral base, absence of dorsal apodeme of basal piece of tegmen,

Figs. 8-11. Xenopsis akiyamai sp. nov., holotype, male genitalia. 8 – tegmen (2.65 mm); 9 – penis (2.35 mm); 10 – sternite 9 (1.15 mm); 11 – tergite 9 (1.40 mm).

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Volkovitsh M. G.: Xenopsis akiyamai sp. nov. from Sumatra (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Xenopsina)

and, particularly, structure of penis. The species is similar to X. laevis, X. boschmai, and X. violaceocyanea Volkovitsh, 2008 in elytral sculpture, to X. laevis in well developed dorsal pubescens, poorly marked transverse rugosity of pronotal base, and shape of apical teeth of elytra. Other diagnostic characters see in the key of Xenopsis species below.

CHECKLIST OF SPECIES OF XENOPSIS(Distribution (Fig. 12) by VOLKOVITSH (2008) and present study)

X. akiyamai sp. nov. Indonesia (West Sumatra)X. boschmai Théry, 1935 Indonesia (West Sumatra)X. kubani Volkovitsh, 2008 Laos (Kham Mouan)X. laevis Saunders, 1867 Malaysia (Penang)X. pacholatkoi Volkovitsh, 2008 Thailand (Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai), Laos (Vientiane)X. violaceocyanea Volkovitsh, 2008 Malaysia (Pahang)X. woodleyi Volkovitsh, 2008 Malaysia (Sabah)

A KEY TO XENOPSIS SPECIES(modifi ed from VOLKOVITSH 2008)

1 (12) Tarsal pads developed on tarsomeres 3 and 4.2 (11) Elytral apices with 3 teeth.3 (10) Clypeus separated from frons by deep transverse sulcus (Fig. 4) occasionally developed only medially.4 (9) Pronotal disc and elytra glabrous. Body strongly elongated. Antennae in male longer than height of eye.

Elytral base without deep transverse subbasal depression. Teeth of elytral apices large, interval between anterior and middle teeth nearly twice that between middle and presutural teeth. Transverse rugosity at base of pronotum more or less distinct.

5 (8) Elytral intervals fl at and straight along entire length; body bright dorsally, multicolored, iridescent.6 (7) Sulcus separating clypeus distinct along entire length, reaching inner margins of eyes; sides of clypeus with

long erect setae. Female: pronotal sides strongly converging forward, dorsally blue with violet or green sheen, each elytron with longitudinal golden-red spot. Body length 16.4 mm. Indonesia (Sumatra). .......................... ...............................................................................................................................................X. boschmai Théry

7 (6) Sulcus separating clypeus distinct only medially; sides of clypeus without long erect setae. Male: pronotal sides moderately converging forward; elytra violet-blue, head and pronotum blue with violet sheen; 1st tarsomere of hind tarsus not modifi ed. Body length 13.0 mm. Peninsular Malaysia. ........................................ ............................................................................................................................. X. violaceocyanea Volkovitsh

8 (5) Odd intervals distinctly elevated and curved before apices; body dorsally dark bronze, nearly one-colored. First tarsomere of hind tarsus with deep C-shaped ventral emargination in male, not modifi ed in female; distal antennomeres of male with truncate margins forming nearly continuous line. Body length 10.6–18.7 mm. Northern Thailand, Central Laos. ............................................................................. X. pacholatkoi Volkovitsh

9 (4) Pronotal disc apart from basal half and elytra bearing distinct brown setae. Body relatively broad. Antennae in male shorter than height of eye. Elytral base with deep transverse subbasal depression. Teeth of elytral apices rather small, with nearly equal intervals. Transverse rugosity at base of pronotum indistinct. Male dorsally brightly and golden-green, elytra bluish-green with strong violet refl ection, ventrally golden-green medially and bluish-green with strong violet refl ection laterally; female dorsally brightly green with posterior half of elytra purple. Aedeagus as in Figs. 8-9. Body length 9.9 mm. Indonesia (Sumatra). ........X. akiyamai sp. nov.

10 (3) Clypeus separated from frons by transverse depression. Pronotum and elytra with distinct brown setae. Teeth of elytral apices small, identical, with equal intervals. Pronotum with sparse fi ne punctation, transverse basal rugosity indistinct. Female: body unicolored, coppery-bronze; vertex wide, its width 1.60 times eye diameter; frons 1.22 times as wide as vertex. Body length 12.5 mm. Peninsular Malaysia. ................ X. laevis Saunders

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11 (2) Elytral apices with 5 teeth. Male: body dorsally almost uniformly colored, blackish-blue with violet sheen. First tarsomere of hind tarsi with shallow emargination at base ventrally, bounded by tooth dorsally. Body length 15.3 mm. Central Laos. .......................................................................................... X. kubani Volkovitsh

12(1) Tarsal pads developed on tarsomeres 2-4. Male: pronotal disc purple-violet, sides greenish-blue; elytra blackish blue or violet. First tarsomere of hind tarsus not modifi ed. Body length 12.5–17.3 mm. Malaysia (Borneo). ........................................................................................................................X. woodleyi Volkovitsh

Fig. 12. Distributional map of Xenopsis species.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I would like to thank Vítězslav Kubáň (National Museum, Prague, Czech Repuplic) for the loan of material for the present paper. This study was partly supported by Grant project No. 07-04-00482-а from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, and contract No. 02.452.11.7031 with Rosnauka (2006-RI-26.0/001/070) (UFC ZIN no. 2-2.20).

REFERENCES

AKIYAMA K. & OHMOMO S. 2000: The buprestid beetles of the world. Pp. 1-341. In: FUJITA H. (ed.): Mushi-Sha’s iconographic series of insects. Vol. 4. Mushi-Sha, Tokyo, (2) + 342 + (2) pp.

SAUNDERS E. 1867: Notes on rare and descriptions of new species of Buprestidae collected by Mr. James Lamb in Penang. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 5: 509-521.

VOLKOVITSH M. G. 2008: Revizia zlatok podtriby Xenopsina subtr. n. s opisanieym novykh vidov iz rodov Xenopsis Saund. and Sommaia Toyama (Coleoptera, Buprestidae, Polycestinae) i zametkami o yeye taksonomicheskom polozhenii. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 87: 627-649, 6 pls. (in Russian with English summary). [English translation: VOLKOVITSH M. G. 2008: A revision of the Buprestid subtribe Xenopsina subtr. n. with description of new species from the genera Xenopsis Saund. and Sommaia Toyama (Coleoptera, Buprestidae, Polycestinae) and notes on its systematic position. Entomological Review 88: 696-720.]

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Volkovitsh M. G.: Xenopsis akiyamai sp. nov. from Sumatra (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Xenopsina)