The model above shows two continental plates. The folded mountains in this model form at which type of plate
boundary?F Transform boundary G Divergent boundary H Subduction boundary J Convergent boundary
Warm Up
Current Events
What’s Inside?
Materials:• Sealed box with object inside• Science Notebook• Pencil or pen
Procedure:1. DO NOT OPEN THE BOX. The box will remain sealed throughout
this lesson.2. Use your senses to gather information about the object in the
box.3. Write your observations on the piece of paper.
You need to write 6 observations on a piece of notebook paper titled “ What’s Inside”
4. Analyze your observations. Form a conclusion about the object’s shape and size.Write a brief conclusion “I think what is inside the box is (shape), (size), (density), (property 1) and (property 2).”
5. On the paper, draw the box and what you think the object inside looks like.
You have 15 minutes
Without the option of
opening the box, what tools might make the identification of what is in the box easier?
What clues did you use to determine what is inside?
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
Table 5
Table 6
So What’s in Your Box?
How do scientist use indirect evidence to develop
explanations or theories? Based on observations and experiences They develop models
What are some phenomena that scientist cannot see? Distant planets Cells Microorganisms Atoms DNA
What’s Inside
What is the smallest unit of matter?
An atom
Can we see atoms? Not with the naked eye
Power of 10
Power of 10
Show Leafhttp://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/scienceopticsu/powersof10/index.html
Atoms are the building blocks of matter
At which point can you no longer see the object with you eyes?Which tools would help you magnify things?
Size Comparison
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUAFqkS7y9M
Bill Nye http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnXV7Ph3WPk
How Small is an Atom http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I
Bill Nye Video
A researcher wants to experiment with an
element that reacts like phosphorus (P) but has a greater atomic mass. Which element should the researcher select for the experiment? A Nitrogen (N) B Sulfur (S) C Arsenic (As) D Silicon (Si)
Warm Up
Think back to Friday.
Remember the Power of 10, with the leaf
Size Comparison http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUAFqkS7y9M
Review
What is the smallest unit of matter?
An atom
Can we see atoms? Not with the naked eye
Power of 10
How large is an atom?
0.00000002 cm ( two hundred millionths of a cm) is the size of an atom
Let see if we can make a visual model for the size of an atom.
Paper Cutting Activity
Cut the paper in half as many times as you
can.
Keep the trash in the lid
COUNT how many time your cut and record that number on the half sheet of paper
Paper Cutting Activity
How many time did you cut the paper in half?
Did anyone cut a piece of paper down to the size of one atom?
Can we actually cut the paper until we arrive at the size of an atom? Why?
Then how have scientist developed their ideas about atoms? Based on observation (indirect evidence) of the behavior
of matter
Paper Cutting Activity
LISTEN to the PowerPoint as I read
Record the correct answer in the blank
Notes
460 BC - Greek philosopher proposes the
existence of the atom
His theory: all atoms are small hard particles made of a single material formed into different
shapes and sizes always moving, and that they form different
materials by joining together
Democritus
John Dalton
1803 - British chemist; elements combined in
specific proportions to form compounds. His theory:
all substances are made of atoms that cannot be created, divided, or destroyed
atoms join with other atoms to make new substances atoms of the same element are exactly alike, and
atoms of different elements are different in mass and size (elements)
John Dalton
1852 - English chemist developed the valence
theory
His theory: every atom has a fixed number of bonds (chemical every atom has a fixed number of bonds (chemical
links) that it can formlinks) that it can form for the atom to be stable, all of these bonds must for the atom to be stable, all of these bonds must
be used.be used.
Edward Frankland
J.J. Thomson
1897 - English chemist and physicist discovered
1st subatomic particles
His theory: negatively charged particles called electrons and
positively charged matter created a model to describe the atom as a sphere
filled with positive matter with negative particles mixed in
Referred to it as the plum pudding model
J.J. Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
1912 - New Zealand physicist discovered the
nucleus
His theory: small, dense, positively charged particle present in
nucleus called a proton electrons travel around the nucleus, but their exact
places cannot be described
Ernest Rutherford
Niels Bohr
1913 - Danish physicist discovered energy levels
His theory: electrons travel around the nucleus in definite
paths and fixed distances electrons can jump from one level to a path in
another level
Niels Bohr
Erwin Shrodinger
1924 - Austrian physicist developed the electron
cloud model
His theory: electrons exact path cannot be predicted regions, referred to as the electron cloud, are areas
where electrons can likely be found.
Erwin Shrodinger
1932 - English physicist discovered neutrons
His theory: neutrons have no electrical charge neutrons have a mass nearly equal to the mass
of a proton unit of measurement for subatomic particles is
the atomic mass unit (amu)
James Chadwick
How Small is an Atom http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I
Bill Nye http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnXV7Ph3WPk
Videos
Warm Up
Basic structure features
Saving battery life Screen shot Double click home 3 finger, 4 finger, 5 finger swipe Copy/Paste/Select Organization Delete Basic Aps Lock
iPad 101
Fun features
Emoji Screen savers
Safety Take care of your iPad! Its your responsibility! Do not give out passcodes
iPad 101
Research Tools
Site.gov Site.edu “Country Code”
Site:(then country code) Search tool bar Google operators “”
Research
iBooks iTunes U NASA Atoms HD Lite
Now download these atom Aps
I will never ask you to pay for a download
Extra
Warm Up
Go to ebackpack and find your first science
assignment Open the file in UPad You will fill in each blank with 3 things from
the slide show If it in red its probably very important
Notes
AtomsAtoms are composed of three are composed of three
main main subatomicsubatomic particles: particles: the the electronelectron, , the the proton,proton, and the and the neutronneutron. .
Scroll down to the bottom of Scroll down to the bottom of the page, draw and label an the page, draw and label an atomatom
Most of the Most of the massmass of the atom of the atom is concentrated in the is concentrated in the nucleusnucleus of the atom. of the atom.
Modern Theory of the Atom
The The protons protons and and neutrons neutrons
are located are located withinwithin the the nucleusnucleus while the while the electronselectrons exist exist outsideoutside of the nucleus. of the nucleus.
In stable atoms, the number In stable atoms, the number of of protonsprotons is is equalequal to the to the number of number of electronselectrons. . Protons=Electrons
Modern Theory of the Atom
Valence electrons Valence electrons are are
the outermost the outermost electrons and are electrons and are where bonding takes where bonding takes placeplace
Modern Theory of the Atom
The type of atom is The type of atom is
determined by the determined by the number of number of protons protons it it has. has.
The number of The number of protonsprotons in an atom is in an atom is equal to the equal to the atomic atomic number number Protons = Atomic Protons = Atomic
NumberNumber
Modern Theory of the Atom
The sum of the number of The sum of the number of
protonsprotons and neutrons in a and neutrons in a particular atom is called the particular atom is called the atomicatomic massmass Proton + Neutrons = Atomic Proton + Neutrons = Atomic
MassMass
Modern Theory of the Atom
Switch to MIMIO
APE MAN and PEN
Warm UpTurn Current Events and Warm Up in Separate Basket by Sink
How Small is an Atom
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I
Download: Atoms HD Lite
Video
What Is an Atom?
Atoms are often referred to as the building blocks of matter.
Each element on the periodic table is composed of one type of atom and cannot be broken down into a simpler substance.
What Is an Atom?
Atoms are composed of smaller subatomic particles such as the proton, neutron, and electron.
Atoms contain a nucleus surrounded by an electron cloud that consists of one or more energy levels.
Protons are positiveNeutron are neutralElectrons are negative
Inner Structure of an Atom
• Nucleus - Small, dense, positively charged center of the atom which contains most of the atom’s mass
Inner Structure of an Atom
• The nucleus contains the following subatomic particles:
Protons - positively (+) charged particles
Neutrons - particles that have no charge (neutral), but contribute to the atom’s mass
Outer Structure of an Atom
• Electron cloud - an area
• around the nucleus where
• electrons are likely to be found orbiting the nucleus in several energy levels
Outer Structure of an Atom
• The electron cloud contains several energy levels
Electrons - negatively (-) charged particles located in specific energy levels surrounding the nucleus
Warm Up
What are protons? Where are they located? What is their mass? Positively charged particles that determine the
identity of an element; in the nucleus; 1 amu
What are electrons? Where are they located? What is their mass? Negatively charged particles in the electron cloud;
very small mass less than 1 amu (~1/2000)
What are neutrons? Where are they located? What is their mass? Neutrally charged (no charge) particles in the
nucleus; mass of 1 amu
It’s OK if you don’t know the
mass
Outer Structure of an Atom
• Multiple energy levels in the electron cloud completely surround the nucleus. Electrons follow a specific order to fill the energy levels.
Maximum of 2
electrons
Nucleus
Maximum of 8
electrons Maximum of 8
electrons*
*Applies to the first 18 elements only
Outer Structure of an Atom
• The electrons in the outermost energy level are called valence electrons
• We will go into more detail about the importance of valence electrons in our next unit.
Questions
What are valence electrons? Electrons in the outermost level
Each energy level can hold a specific number of electrons. For example, the 1st energy level (the level closet to the nucleus) can hold two electrons. The 2nd energy level can hold eight electrons, and the 3rd energy level can hold eight electrons.
Decoding Atom Informationfrom the Periodic Table
CCarbo
n
6
12.0
Atom’sSymbol
Atom’s Name
Atomic Number
Atomic Mass
Decoding Atom Informationfrom the Periodic Table
Carbon
12.012.0
Atomic number# of protons = # of electrons
Atomic mass = # of protons plus the # of neutrons
66
C
Atom Characteristics
The number of protons in the nucleus is the atomic number of that atom. Protons are used to identify elements.
The atomic number represents the number of protons (+) and is equal to the number of electrons (-).
Atom Characteristics
The atomic mass is the mass of the protons plus the mass of the neutrons.
Atomic mass is recorded in the SI units: atomic mass units (amu).
Protons and neutrons each are given an amu of 1.
Electrons have a mass of nearly zero.
How Small is an Atom
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I
Download: Atoms HD Lite
Video
Warm Up
Mimio Mobile
Lets Practice Drawing Atoms Carbon Neon
PEN
Apply Your Knowledge
Draw the information from the Element just like you see it on the Periodic Table
Then use PEN and APE MAN to draw each atom
Oxygen Boron Sodium
Apply Your Knowledge
With your shoulder partner match the term
with the correct place on the atom
Picture Check Take a picture of your atom and turn into
eBackPack
Atomic Structure Matching
Open Upad (Due by 8 TOMORROW) Using this App draw
Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Phosphorus Nitrogen Sulfur
Each element drawing should include 3 colors APE MAN Labels
Drawing Atomic Structures
Warm Up
Open Decoding Model in ebackpack
Open the document in uPad
With your shoulder partner you will rotate though the stations and fill out the chart You will be able to conclude the number of protons,
electrons, and neutrons using the petri dish. You will need a periodic table to fill out the Element
Name, Atomic #, and Atomic Mass How could you do that?
Decoding Models
Warm Up
What patterns did you discover?
Protons=Electrons Protons + Neutrons=Atomic Mass
How do models enhance the study of objects such as an atom? Helps you visualize
What are some limitation of this type of model? Size Scale Location of electrons
Decoding Models
The Atom Project
Atomic Structure
What is the smallest unit of matter? Atoms
What are the two main models of the atom we just learned about? Bohr and Electron Cloud
How are the two models different? The Bohr Model shows the electrons in fixed paths around the nucleus,
while the Electron Cloud Model shows that electrons are not in a fixed path.
What are the three subatomic particles? Electron, Proton, Neutron