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SOLARTHERMAL
TECHNOLOGIES
.ProfessorofRefrigeration&CleanEnergyTechnologies
India SpainWorkshoponRenewableEnergies
Sevilla(Spain)arc , ,
DireccinGeneraldeCooperacinInternacionalDepartment ofScience &Technology
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineeringIndianInstituteofTechnolo Madras
Chennai - India
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INDIA SPOWER
SCENARIO
n a s e wor s s x arges energy mar e an s per
capita consumption is expected to increase from 606 Kilo, .
Indias total power generation capacity on July 31, 2006
was 126,838 MW.
s, coa ase un s genera e , ;
hydropower generated 32,975 MW; gas based stations
6,193 MW; nuclear power generated 3,900 MW and
diesel generator generated 1,201 MW.
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India is in the solar belt of the world. High incidence of solar radiation,
geographic latitude, and demand pattern of energy provide appropriate
conditions for utilization of solar energy in the country.
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Solarresource
Technicalinfrastructure
Manpower
PolicyframeworkandGovernmentincentivesareinplace
Activitiestobestructuredtoachievethe oal
Source:IndiaMeteorologicalDept.SolarEnergyCenterHandbook
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e awa ar a e ru
Ministryof NewandRenewableEnergy
Governmentof
India
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InlaunchingIndiasNationalActionPlanonClimateChange
onJune
30,
2008,
the
Prime
Minister
of
India,
Dr.Manmohan Singhstated:
Our vision is to make Indias economic development energy
efficient. Over a period of time, we must pioneer a graduated shiftrom econom c act v ty ase on oss ue s to one ase on non
fossil fuels and from reliance on nonrenewable and depleting
sources o ener to renewable sources o ener . In this strate
the sun occupies centrestage, as it should, being literally the
original source of all energy. We will pool our scientific, technical
an manager a a en s, w su c en nanc a resources, o
develop solar energy as a source of abundant energy to power our
economy and to transform the lives of our people. Our success inthis endeavour will change the face of India. It would also enable
India to help change the destinies of people around the world.
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JawaharlalNehru
NationalSolar
Mission
Under the National Action Plan on Climate Change 8
Missions have been proposed. In the Prime Ministers words .
in promotion of solar energy technologies.
The Mission aims to achieve volume production, rapid
diffusion and deployment of solar technologies across thecoun ry a a sca e w c ea s o cos re uc on an a m ngto achieve grid parity by 2022.
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WhySolarforIndia?
Most parts of the country receive
Possible to utilize in grid connected
manner to meet growing demandsan cover deficit areas
Access and empowerment at grassroot level
Modular in nature, less gestationperiod, low maintenance and high
reliability
Abundant and clean source
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Phase I
(2010-13)
Target for
Phase 22013-17
Target for
Phase 32017-22
Grid solar powerincl. roof top
1,000 MW100 MW
4,000 MW 20,000 MW
Off-grid solara lications
200 MW 1,000 MW 2,000 MW
(incl. rural solar lights) 2 million 10 million 20 million
Solar collectors 7 million 15 million 20 millionsq meters sq meters sq meters
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costscomedownandthereafterrapidscaleup
Enablingpolicyandregulatoryframework SupportingUtilityscalepowergeneration xpan ngo gr app ca ons AcceleratingResearchandDevelopment
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Polic andRe ulator Framework
TarifffixedbyCentralElectricityRegulatoryCommission(CERC)forpurchase
CERChasannouncedtariff for201011:
. . . CSP Rs.15.31perunit(US$0.34perunit)
AnnualtariffreviewbyCERCfornewprojects
StateElectricity
Regulatory
Commissions
to
fix
tariff
for
direct
purchase
of
powerbyStateutilities
Solar s ecific RPO startin with 0.25% ro osed in 1st hase increasin to3%by2022tobefixedafterpolicychange
PolicyfortradableRECertificatefinalized.Available onCERCwebsite pilotto
start
PolicytoencouragesettingupofmanufacturingunitsinIndia
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sca
ncen ves
100% Foreign Direct Investment
Zero Customs & Excise Duties on solar cells, modules andmany raw materials
5% Customs and Excise duty on many other raw materials,
components and grid power projects Tax holiday for (i) setting up units in backward and
spec e areas; an gr power pro ec s
80% accelerated depreciation in the first year for certain
Grant for carrying out research and development and
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SolarPowerPurchasePolic 1
Inthefirst haseoftheMission1 000MWsolar ower connectedto33KVormoregrid)tobepurchasedbyNTPCVidyut Vyapar Nigam(NVVN)
500
MW
each
for
solar
thermal
and
PV
Permittedplantcapacityforaproject: 5MWforPVandupto100MWforsolarthermal
NVVNtopurchasesolarpowerfromdevelopers,bundle equivalentMWcapacityofthermalpowerandsellbundledpowertoutilitiesat the
un e pr ce s. . per , .
Developers
to
sign
PPA
with
NVVN
for
25
years
UtilitiescanmeettheirRPObypurchaseof solarpower
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SolarPowerPurchasePolicy(2)
100 MW capacity solar power projects connected to LT/11 KV grid
Commercial, institutional, industrial & other rooftops
Ground mounted & tailend grid connected projects
provide additional power specially for irrigation pumps andother loads in rural areas
Up to 20 MW capacity projects can be taken up in a State toencourage geographical spread
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Tariff fixed b State Electricit Re ulator Commission
Power purchase by State utilities, with 25 years PPA
Generation Based Incentive (GBI) to utilities by
Development Agency (IREDA) to reduce their burden
rate : tar xe y m nus not ona tar o s.5.5 per kWh (US$0.12), with 3% annual escalation
IREDA will start accepting applications for projects onlineon first come first served basis from 15th July, 2010
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Off gridSolarApplications
200MWcapacitysolarapplicationsinthefirstphase
RefinancebyIREDAandotherFIs.
Loans
at
5%annual
interest
rate
with
conditions
30%subsidyforselectapplications
90%subsidy
for
niche
applications
in
special
category
States
and inotherremoteanddifficultareas
Marketdrivenexpansionoftheprogramme.Additional
channels
for
supply
and
maintenance
being
involved
(RESCO,
, , ,GovernmentAgenciesandBanksetc.)
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OffGridSolarApplications
DetailedguidelinesavailableonthewebsiteoftheMinistry
Standards,quality,accreditationandmonitoringarrangements
Focuson
solarli hts s eciall inruralareas
rural
power
supply
Solarpowertoreplacediesel
Solarpowerfortelecomtowers
Solarwaterheaters
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R&DStrate
ResearchatAcademic/ResearchInstitutionsonmaterialsanddevices withlon term ers ective
AppliedResearch
on
existing
processes
and
developing
new ec no og es
materials,components
and
systems
Deve opmento Centerso Exce enceon erentaspectsofSolarEnergy.
SupportforIncubationandInnovation
Internationalcollaborations institutional/industrial
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overnment asapprove a u geto s. , crores 943million)forthefirstphaseoftheMissiontillMarch,
2013to
meet
the
re uirement
of
funds
for
GBI
ca ital
grantsandrefinancingofloans.
1,000MWgridconnectedprojectsaresupportedthroughun ngw t t erma power,w c wou ot erw se
requireabout
Rs.
75,000
crores (US$
16.3
billion)
to
urchasesolar ower
Forfurtherexpansionofprogramme,additionalfundswill
be
required. GovernmenthaddecidedtosetupCleanEnergyFund,which
willpartlysupportadditionalprojectsundertheMission
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JawaharlalNehruNationalSolarMissionoffers
Gridpowerprojects
Manufacturing
R&D
Enablingpolicy
and
regulatory
frame
work
in
place
AggressiveR&Dandlocalmanufacturingnecessarytoreducethecosttoachievegridparity
Partnershipsnecessarywithglobalstakeholders
Newandinnovativefinancingarrangementsrequired
. .
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LatestStatusof
Achievementsof
MNREContact
r. e an opa yay
Advisor;MNRE
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SolarDishStirlingEngine
Vellore
Institute
of
TechnologySTIRLINGENGINE CONCENTRATOR
Type:Singleacting,90VEngine
SweptVolume:160cm3
Gross
Power
Output:
9.8
kW
Diameter:8.5m
Projectedarea:56.7m2
Focal
length:
4.5
mNetPowerOutput:9.2 W
ReceiverGasTemperature:650C
WorkingGas:Helium
Concentrat on actor:2500
Reflectivity:94%
as ressure: ar Contact:Dr.D.Subhakar;[email protected]
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PANIITPROJECT
The Department of Science & Technology is supporting a project on SolarThermal Power generation, with participation from all IITs and the National
erma ower orporat on. s a part o t s pro ect, a storage ntegratethermal power plant (average power for 8 hours/day) will be setup.
This is based on direct steam generation using Fresnel and linear parabolic mirror.pressure, high temperature steam will be carried out, in steam accumulators.This will be supplemented by sensible storage in the supporting blocks ofcollector tubes. To a smaller extent, storage in a cascade of molten salt andphasechange materials will also be attempted.
For the generation of high temperature steam, inverted cavity type solarcollectors with evacuated tubes will be employed. Special coatings will beemp oye or ncreas ng so ar energy a sorpt on or to prevent eat osses.
A fully instrumented research facility will help in the monitoring of the plantperformance.
e p ant w a so nc u e a rec procat ng expan er type so ar power generat ondevice for auxiliary power and a small scale solar refrigeration unit for theinstrumentation panels
Contact:Prof.T.Sundararajan (IITMadras)
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SOLARWATERHEATINGSYSTEMS
The gross potential for SWHS in India has
been estimated to be 140 million sq. m. of
co ector area.
A total of 3.53 million sq. m. of collector
area has so far been installed in the
(sq.Mtr.ofcollectorarea)
coun ry or so ar wa er ea ng, o w c
about 1.55 million sq. m. has been
installed since 200506.
, ,
200203 1,00,000
200304 1,50,000
200405 2 00 000. .
the 11th Plan (200712) and a goal of 20
million sq. m for 2020.
2005
06
4,00,000200607 4,00,000
200708 4,50,000
As per The National Solar Mission, the
targets for deployment of SWHS has been
divided into three hases:
200809 5,60,000
200910 6,20,000
Total
35,30,000 7millionsq.m.forPhaseIi.e.20101315millionsq.m.forPhaseIIi.e.20131720millions .m.forPhaseIIIi.e.201722
Source:MinistryofNewandRenewableEnergy
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42,000lpd Hotwatersystemina 460m2SolarAirHeatingSystemfor
,
A
Variety
of
Solar
Cookers
are
in
Use
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A 160 m2 parabolic dish concentrator,
the first of its kind, for use in milk
pasteurization at a dairy at Latur,
Maharashtra and a 16 m2 parabolic
dish for steam cooking applicationsat Brahmkumari Shantivan Complex,
Abu Road in Rajasthan have been
installed.
A solar bowl concentrator connectedto a conventional oil fired boiler is
ns a e a a commun y c en n
Auroville. This solar cooker cooks
food for around 1000 people. The
Thermic fluid is used to transfer the
energy collected by the receiver and the
transferred energy will be stored in a
bowl concentrator of 15 m diameter
fixed on the ground and cylindrical
heat storage tank.
A large number of Schefler/dish type
at its focal point from one end.o ar oo ers ave een ns a e n
India.
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Current total installed cooling is 35000 Mwe forming 28.7% of the
.
Of the yearly capacity addition a staggering 25 to 30% of the power
generation is estimated for Cooling.
Post Harvest Produce being wasted and 1% only being processed.
GOALS
range of 1 TR to say 100 TR for applications in domestic, commercial
and industrial sectors..
perishable foods such as milk, fish, frui ts, vegetables, etc., especially in
rural and coastal areas.
To develo and romote small ortable refri erators for vaccinestorage in PHCs and also for domestic application in residential sector
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CURRENT SITUATION
A few demonstration projects on solar air conditioning are on in thecountry under the existing scheme of MNRE on solar steam generating
systems:
A 350 kW solar air conditioning system using Scheffler dishes is underinstallation at Muni Seva Ashram, near Vadodara with part support from MNRE.
run on wood f ired boi ler. The system is expected to save about 80% of the wood
being used.
A 300 kW TR solar air conditioning plant using Scheffler dishes has been
installed at TVS Suzuki factory near Chennai and is under testing.
collector is under use for last three years at M/s Mamata Energy, Ahmedabad.
A proposal for installing 500 kW solar air conditioning system at a hospital runy un c pa orpora on, ane us ng c e er s es as een rece ve or MNRE support. Installation work has already been started.
A 30 TR ca acit solar air conditionin lant usin Scheffler dishes is underinstallation at M/s Magnetic Mareli Power Train India Pvt., Gurgaon.
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ACTION PLAN TO FILL GAPS
Improvements in Scheffler technology to reduce its manual operations,optimize it performance and lower the cost.
Development of new designs of fully automatically tracked solarconcentrators
Development of smaller VAR machines (both wet and dry sorption) incapacity range of 1 to 15 TR with the involvement of Indian industr ies and
research institutions.
Optimum designing & integration of various components of solar airconditioning systems using available knowledge base.
Standardization of various components of existing technologies on solar
air conditioning and refrigeration.
Energy storage technologies (hot water, chil led water, phase changematerials, refrigerant storage etc.) need to be developed at commercial
.
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FurtherDetails
Contact: