8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
1/42
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
2/42
GICGIC
Operative Department
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
3/42
OverviewOverview
GIC
Composition
Properties
Manipulation
Types
Available
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
4/42
GlassIonomerCementGlassIonomerCement
Consistofpowderor liquid, water is mixedConsistofpowderor liquid, water is mixed
to produce a plastic massthatto produce a plastic massthat
subsequently setsto a rigid solidsubsequently setsto a rigid solid
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
5/42
InventorInventor
Glass inomerfirst described by Wilson andGlass inomerfirst described by Wilson and
Kent in 1971Kent in 1971
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
6/42
mainfeaturemainfeature
Minimal cavity preparation asthey bondMinimal cavity preparation asthey bond
adhesively totoothstructure.adhesively totoothstructure.
Release offluoride from the glassRelease offluoride from the glass
componentofthe cement.componentofthe cement.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
7/42
Synonyms:Synonyms:
Poly (alkenoate cement)Poly (alkenoate cement)
GIC glass inomer cementGIC glass inomer cement
ASPA (aluminoSilicate)Poly Acrylic AcidASPA (aluminoSilicate)Poly Acrylic Acid
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
8/42
Application:Application:--
Anterior aesthetic restorative material forAnterior aesthetic restorative material for
classIII cavities.classIII cavities.
For eroded areas and classFor eroded areas and class VV restorations.restorations.As luting agentAs luting agent
As liners and bases.As liners and bases.
For core build up.For core build up.To a limited extent as pit and fissureTo a limited extent as pit and fissure
sealants.sealants.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
9/42
Classification:Classification:--
Type IType I For lutingFor luting
Type IIType II For restorationFor restoration
Type IIIType III Liners and basesLiners and basesType IVType IV Fissure SealantsFissure Sealants
Type VType V Or thodontic cementOrthodontic cement
Type VIType VI Core build upCore build up
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
10/42
AvailableAvailable
Powderor liquid in bottlesPowderor liquid in bottles
Pre proportional powderor liquid inPre proportional powderor liquid in
capsulescapsulesLight cure systemLight cure system
Powderor distilled water (watersettablePowderor distilled water (watersettable
typetype
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
11/42
Composition:Composition:
PowderPowder
Fluro aluminosilicate glassFluro aluminosilicate glass
SilicaSilica (SiO2)(SiO2) 41.941.9
AluminaAlumina (Al2O3)(Al2O3) 28.628.6Aluminum fluorideAluminum fluoride 1.61.6
Calcium fluorideCalcium fluoride 15.715.7
Sodium fluorideSodium fluoride 9.39.3
Aluminum PhosphateAluminum Phosphate 3.83.8
Fluoride component acts as a Ceramic flux lanthanumFluoride component acts as a Ceramic flux lanthanumstrontium, barim or Zinc oxide addition providesstrontium, barim or Zinc oxide addition providesrediopacity.rediopacity.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
12/42
Composition:Composition:
Liquid:Liquid:
Aqueoussolutionofpoly acrylic acid orAqueoussolutionofpoly acrylic acid or
Poly acrylic acid inthe form ofcopolymersPoly acrylic acid inthe form ofcopolymerswith itaconic acid, Maleic acid.with itaconic acid, Maleic acid.
Tartaric acid insome productsto controlTartaric acid insome productsto control
setting characteristics and increasedsetting characteristics and increasedworking time.working time.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
13/42
Setting ReactionSetting Reaction
Acid Base ReactionsAcid Base Reactions
Three overlapping stages involved.Three overlapping stages involved.
DissolutionDissolutionGelationGelation
HardeningHardening
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
14/42
Setting ReactionSetting Reaction
Whenthe powder and liquid mix togetherWhenthe powder and liquid mix togetherion are released from the glassthe rateion are released from the glassthe rateat whichsalt matrix isformed. Calciumat whichsalt matrix isformed. Calcium
ion are more rapidly released thantheion are more rapidly released thanthealuminum ions, probably inthe form ofaluminum ions, probably inthe form ofcomplexes. Calcium poly salts cross linkcomplexes. Calcium poly salts cross linkthe poly anion chain causing hardeningthe poly anion chain causing hardeningofthe material. Over long period furtherofthe material. Over long period furtherhardening occurs as more ion bind tothehardening occurs as more ion bind tothepoly alkenote chain.poly alkenote chain.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
15/42
Setting timeSetting time
Type IType I 44--5 min5 min
Type II 7 minType II 7 min
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
16/42
PropertiesProperties
Effectson the Pulp:Effectson the Pulp:
Thishas been reported to cause someThishas been reported to cause someinflammatory response, which resolves with ininflammatory response, which resolves with inmonth.month.
The cementhas little effectonthe gingivalThe cementhas little effectonthe gingivaltissue.tissue.
Some luting cementhave reported to cause postSome luting cementhave reported to cause postoperative sensitivity. This appearsto be worseoperative sensitivity. This appearsto be worse
forthinner mixesofcement.forthinner mixesofcement.Anticariogenic properties resultfrom the releaseAnticariogenic properties resultfrom the release
offluoride by these cements.offluoride by these cements.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
17/42
PropertiesProperties
AdhesionAdhesion
Material adhere to enamul and dentine andMaterial adhere to enamul and dentine andbase metal casting alloys.base metal casting alloys.
Ithas been established that chemical bondingIthas been established that chemical bondingoccur betweenGIC and tooth enamel andoccur betweenGIC and tooth enamel anddentine. The exact mechanism isnotfullydentine. The exact mechanism isnotfullyunderstood. The bonding is due to reactionunderstood. The bonding is due to reactionbetweenthe carboxyl groupsofthe polyacidsbetweenthe carboxyl groupsofthe polyacids
and the calcium inthe enamel and dentine.and the calcium inthe enamel and dentine.The bond to enamel is alwayshigherthanthattoThe bond to enamel is alwayshigherthanthatto
dentine, probably due tothe greater inorganicdentine, probably due tothe greater inorganiccontentofenamel.contentofenamel.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
18/42
Manipulation:Manipulation:
Conditioning ofthe toothsurfaceConditioning ofthe toothsurface
Proper manipulationProper manipulation
Protectionofcement during settingProtectionofcement during settingFinishing + Fine diamond + polishingFinishing + Fine diamond + polishing
abrasive disc again inthe presence ofabrasive disc again inthe presence of
water.water.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
19/42
Metal ModifiedGIC:Metal ModifiedGIC:
were introduced to improvewere introduced to improve
the strength,the strength,
resistance to wear. To reduce fractureresistance to wear. To reduce fracturetoughnesstoughness
maintainthe potential for adhesion andmaintainthe potential for adhesion and
antianti--cariogenic property.cariogenic property.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
20/42
methodsmethods
Silver alloy admixed. Spherical amalgamSilver alloy admixed. Spherical amalgam
alloy powder is mixed withtype IIGICalloy powder is mixed withtype IIGIC
Powder (Miracle Mix)Powder (Miracle Mix)
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
21/42
Cement:Cement:
Silver particles are bonded to glassSilver particles are bonded to glass
particles. This is done by sintering ofaparticles. This is done by sintering ofa
mixture ofthe two powders at a highmixture ofthe two powders at a high
temperature (ketac silver)temperature (ketac silver)
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
22/42
Uses:Uses:
Restorationsofsmall classI cavities asRestorationsofsmall classI cavities as
an alternative to amalgam or compositean alternative to amalgam or composite
resins. They are particularly useful inresins. They are particularly useful in
young patients who are prone to caries.young patients who are prone to caries.
For core build up ofgrossly destructedFor core build up ofgrossly destructed
teeth.teeth.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
23/42
PropertiesProperties
The strengthofeithertype ofmetal modifiedThe strengthofeithertype ofmetal modified
cement 150 Mpa isnot greatly improved overcement 150 Mpa isnot greatly improved over
thatofconventional cement.thatofconventional cement.
The fracture toughnessofGIC, whetherThe fracture toughnessofGIC, whethermodified ornot is extremely low as comparedmodified ornot is extremely low as compared
to composite resin and amalgam.to composite resin and amalgam.
It isfar more resistantto wearthantype IIGIC.It isfar more resistantto wearthantype IIGIC.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
24/42
Anticrogienic property:Anticrogienic property:
Both metal modified GIChaveBoth metal modified GIChave
anticarogenic capability due to leaching ofanticarogenic capability due to leaching of
fluoride.fluoride.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
25/42
Esthetics:Esthetics:
These materials are grey in colourThese materials are grey in colour
because ofmetallic phases with inthem,because ofmetallic phases with inthem,
therefore they are unsuitable for use intherefore they are unsuitable for use in
anteriorteethanteriorteeth
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
26/42
Glass ionomer resin combinationGlass ionomer resin combination
materialsmaterials
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
27/42
Various NamesVarious Names
Compomer, Resin inomer, RMGI,Compomer, Resin inomer, RMGI,
Resin modified Glass ionomer,Resin modified Glass ionomer,
light cure Glass inomer cement,light cure Glass inomer cement,Dual care GIC.Dual care GIC.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
28/42
Classification:Classification:
Resin modified glass inomer cement e.g.Resin modified glass inomer cement e.g.
Fuji II L.C Vitamer, Photax fil.Fuji II L.C Vitamer, Photax fil.
PolyacidP
olyacid ModifiedModifiedcomposite.composite.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
29/42
Advantages:Advantages:
Ability to bond dentine and brandedAbility to bond dentine and branded
Fluoride released.Fluoride released.
Prolonged working time and rapid set.Prolonged working time and rapid set.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
30/42
Uses:Uses:--
RestorationsofClassRestorationsofClassII, IIIor, IIIor VV cavitiescavities
Base and linerBase and liner
Adhesive orthodontic bandsAdhesive orthodontic bandsRepairofamalgam core ofcuspsRepairofamalgam core ofcusps
Retrograde rootfillingRetrograde rootfilling
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
31/42
Supplied asSupplied as
Powder contains:Powder contains:
Ion leachable glasses (Silica abumina)Ion leachable glasses (Silica abumina)
Photoinitiatorsor chemical initiatoror both.Photoinitiatorsor chemical initiatoror both.
Polymerzable resin.Polymerzable resin.
Liquid contain:Liquid contain:--
Polyacrylic acid waterPolyacrylic acid water
Methacrylate monomerMethacrylate monomer
Hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomerHydroxyethyl methacrylate monomer
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
32/42
Manipulation:Manipulation:--
RMGI is mixed and applied afterRMGI is mixed and applied after
conditioning the tooth with poly acrylic acidconditioning the tooth with poly acrylic acid
10 + 0 25% poly acid modified composite10 + 0 25% poly acid modified composite
is placed after phosphoric acid etching,is placed after phosphoric acid etching,
bond agent application and light cured.bond agent application and light cured.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
33/42
PropertiesProperties
Strength, compressive strengthslightlyStrength, compressive strengthslightly
lower 105 Mpa, because ofplastic naturelower 105 Mpa, because ofplastic nature
ofthe resin component.ofthe resin component.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
34/42
PropertiesProperties
Hardness:Hardness:--
Hardness is comparable to conventional GIC.Hardness is comparable to conventional GIC.
Adhesion:Adhesion:
Bonding mechanism totoothstructure issimilarBonding mechanism totoothstructure issimilar
tothatofconventional GIC. Micro mechanicaltothatofconventional GIC. Micro mechanical
retention also plays rule in bonding process.retention also plays rule in bonding process.
These materials bond betterto composite resinThese materials bond betterto composite resinthanto conventional GIC.thanto conventional GIC.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
35/42
Micro leakage:Micro leakage:--
Greater amountofmicro leakage whenGreater amountofmicro leakage when
compared toGIC. They may be partly duecompared toGIC. They may be partly due
tothe polymerizationshrinkage and partlytothe polymerizationshrinkage and partly
due tothe reduced wetting ofthe tooth bydue tothe reduced wetting ofthe tooth by
the cement.the cement.
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
36/42
Anticargenic:Anticargenic:--
Significant anticariogenic affect becauseSignificant anticariogenic affect because
offluoride releaseoffluoride release
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
37/42
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
38/42
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
39/42
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
40/42
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
41/42
8/3/2019 021 GIC Cement
42/42