Equipment specific ECDIS trainingPrincipal types of Electronic Charts
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Introduction
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Training chapter objective
The student needs to be able to•Describe and separate Principal dypes of electronich charts
•Separate different official status of charts
•Understand various distribution methods for charts
•Describe under which condition a chart may be used in an ECDIS for primary navigation
Matrix Raster Vector
Private TX-97
Official ARCS ENC
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Depth20-30m
Depth10-20m
Depth 5-10m
Depth 0-5m Land+ + + +
20
10
50 Land
Chart displayed
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Vector
Raster
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Different types of Electronic Charts
Raster
traditional Graphics-oriented data Object-based data
Vector
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Raster Charts
Raster Charts (ARCS, Seafarer, BSB, NOS Geo....)
Scanned charts - an image!
Advantages:
• Inexpensive to produce
• Similar to paper chartsDisadvantages:
• ”Dead chart”, no Alarms • Limited zoom options• Requires large memory
capacity• Expensive to correct (a
new chart)• Only easy to read in
north-up orientation
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Vector Charts
Vector Charts (ENC, TX 97, C-Map 93...)
Digitalized paper charts- every object is defined and grouped in layers that can be selected within the set safety parameters.
Advantages:• Automatic alarm generation
• Optional information (customized settings)
• Zoom-able
• Easy to correct
• Requires little memory capacity (quick loading)
• Information can be added (files, pictures etc.)• Readability in all presentations (Head-up, North-up, Course-up)• Presentation according to the safety parameters of the own ship
Disadvantages:• Expensive and time demanding production
• Layout can be a bit different from paper charts
• Coding errors even in official ENCs
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Chart formats
RNC • ARCS• NOAA• SEAFARER
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Chart formats
S-57• PRIMAR• IC-ENC• JHA
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Private Chart Formats
• TX-97 Transas
• CM93C-Map/Jeppesen
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Chart formats
• DNC• VPF • NGA
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Availability of ENC Charts , April 2010
Principal types of Electronic
ENC distribution
Electronic chart distributionWith all charts being produced by national Hydrographic offices the distribution and updating are managed in different way
• Through the national hydrographic office itself
• Through “RENC”s• A RENC is a Regional ENC Co-coordinating
Centre. Each major geographical area of the world would have its own RENC. Each ENC-producing nation would send its data to the local RENC, who would then be responsible for validating and distributing its ENCs to end-users.
• Through various bundled services• Transas TADS• UKHO AVCS
Principal types of Electronic Charts
SENC and TADS
• When an ENC chart is loaded into the system, it becomes a SENC, a System Electronic Navigational Chart
• With TADS you can load pre-processed data which saves you a lot of time during the loading of the Base CDs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Base cd 1
Base cd 2
Base cd 3
Base cd 4
Base cd 5
Base cd 6
Base cd 7
Update cd
ELAP
SED
TIM
E IN
MIN
UTE
S
ENC/AVCSSENC/TADS
Principal types of Electronic Charts
Distinctions
ECSElectronic Chart
System
• Navigation AID• No substitute for
paper charts• All Chart formats
permitted (official and non-official)
• Status definition
ECDISElectronic Chart Display
and Information System
• Primary navigation system• Substitution of paper charts
permitted• Using ENC charts• Clear definition• If using non-official data,
ECDIS becomes an ECS
RCDSRaster Chart Display
System
• An ECDIS using official RNC charts
• Primary Navigation system if area is not covered by ENCs
• Back-up substitution of paper charts depends on Flag State
• If using non-official data, ECDIS becomes an ECS