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Roller Cone BitIntroduction and History
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Before Roller Cone Bits
Until internal combustion enginescame in the late 19th century, themain method for drilling rock wasmuscle power of man or animal.Rods were turned by hand, usingclamps attached to the rod. Therope and drop method invented inZigong, China used a steel rod or
piston raised and droppedvertically via a rope.
Slide 2
Ancient Drilling Rigs in Zigong, China
Percussion bits
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Before Roller Cone Bits
1845 - Fauvelle invented the rotarydrilling system. It was used in theearly years of the oil industry insome of the oil-producing countriesin Europe. The rotary drillingsystem was in general use in Texasin the early 1900s
Slide 3
Fish tail Bit
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Slide 4
A Little History
1859: Edwin Drakes Well - Titusville, PA
The first successful oil well that was drilled for the solepurpose of finding oil
Struck oil at 70 feet
Peak production was 20 barrels/day
Sold for $20/barrel
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First Roller Cone Bit Patent
Slide 5
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First Roller Cone Bit Patent
Slide 6
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Roller Cone History
1909 - Howard Hughes patentedthe roller cone rock bit (two cones)
1910 - Howard Hughes patentedthe three-cone roller cone rock bit
1925 - Cutting structures withIntermesh invented
Slide 7
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No intermesh vs. Intermesh
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No intermesh vs. Intermesh
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Roller Cone History
1928 - Use of tungsten carbide
hardfacing on bits begins
1939 - Offset roller cone bits firstused
Slide 10
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2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
Roller Cone History
1951 - Tungsten carbide insertsfirst used in roller cone bits
1963 - Sealed bearing roller conebits first used
Slide 11
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2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
Roller Cone History
1996 - Bullet Seal introduced
1996 - Twin seals (Gemini) wereintroduced to improve bearinglife in roller cone bits
Slide 12
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2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
Roller Cone History
1996 - Fully diamond enhancedinserts first used in roller conebits
1999 - Bit designs optimizedthrough computer drilling
simulations introduced
Slide 13
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2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
Roller Cone History
High Impact Resistance TCI
812 916 Dogbone Insert
2000 Tungsten Carbide Inserts with different grades and geometries todrill calcareous formations (SMITH BITS)
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Roller Cone History
2004 New generation of Two-Cone Bits. Using IDEAS to reducevibration signature that was presented in old designs
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2010 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
Roller Cone History
2008 Combination of carbide grades and insert geometries withimproved hydraulics to drill large holes (16) in hard calcareous
formations (Smith Bits)