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Good Design and Bad Design
Hsin-I Chang(Christine)
Ph.D. student Higher EducationEducational Policy & AdministrationUniversity of Minnesota, Twin Cities
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Good Design and Bad Design
Context and Focus
Design and Evaluate Criteria
Examples of Good and Bad Design
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Context and Focus
Considerations of designing websites for ESL/EFL students
Evaluation criteria for educational websites for ESL/EFL students
ESL/EFL (English as second/foreign language)
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Design and Evaluate Criteria
Content- Instructional
Purposes
- Intended Audience
Appropriateness
- Materials and
Curricula
- Tasks and Activities
Quality and Design- Appearance
- Audio & Video
- Reliability & Speed
- Navigating
- Engaging
- Validity
- Contact
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Content
Instructional Purposes
Intended Audience appropriateness
Materials and curricula
Tasks and Activities
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Content
Instructional Purposes:
- Should be clear
- Should be the basis for designing a website
- Intended objectives and skills should be addressed.
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Content
Intended Audience appropriateness:Who will be using this web site?- Age- Language level: Appropriate level or
proficiency focus (beginner/intermediate/advanced)
- Classroom or individual setting- Computer-use skills and comfort level
with computers and Internet navigation- Interests
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Content
Materials and curricula:
- Integration into course curricula
- Both instructional and authentic
- Enjoyment and interesting level for
students
- 5 Cs: Communication, Communities,
Connections, Cultures, Comparisons
(Standard for foreign language learning, National Language Organizations, 1993)
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5 Cs: Standard for Foreign Language Learning
Types of curricula experiences needed to enable students to achieve the standards.
Communication: is at the heart of language learning. Cultures: understand and learn to appreciate other
cultures. Connections: provides connections to additional
bodies of knowledge Comparisons: realization of multiple ways of viewing
the world Communities: participate in multilingual communities
around the world
(Standard for foreign language learning, National Language Organizations, 1993)
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Content
Tasks and Activities:
- Challenging and motivating
- Cognition involvement: Knowledge / Comprehension, Application / Analysis, Synthesis / Evaluation
(BLOOM'S TAXONOMY, 1956)
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BLOOM'S TAXONOMY, 1956
Bloom identified six levels within the cognitive domain, from the simple recall or recognition of facts, as the lowest level, through increasingly more complex and abstract mental levels, to the highest order which is classified as evaluation.
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Quality and Design
Appearance Audio & video Reliability & Speed Navigating Engaging Validity Contact
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Quality and Design
Appearance: text, color and graphics clear/unclear, helpful/distracting
Audio & video: clear/unclear, helpful/distracting
Reliability & Speed: availability, response-time, downloading and linking
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Quality and Design
Navigating: clear organization and directions (site map?), appropriate divisions and subheadings, useful links
Engaging: design captures and keeps attention
Validity: sources documented Contact/ Interaction: author and/or
source contact addresses provided
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Application/Reflection
Who will be using this web site? Mode: individual/class Language level:
beginner/intermediate/advanced Target language goals:
professional/academic/survival skills Target audience: nationality/age/interests,
comfort level with computers and Internet navigation
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Application/Reflection
In what kind of facility? Classroom Lab Home Is the web site instructionally appropriate for yo
ur students' needs? If not, why? Quality Content Type Intended Audience Adaptability Interactivity Other?
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Application/Reflection
For what purpose (curricular objectives) will you use the web site?
Present target language Present cultural information Prompt student discussion Teach a language skill Communication strategies Evaluate students Other?
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Application/Reflection
What teaching techniques would you use with this web site?
Pre-activities Post-activities Segment/whole Home/class/lab Viewing/listening/writing/...
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Application/Reflection
What need(s) does this web site fill
that cannot be met by using other
materials?
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Examples of Good and Bad Design
Theme: Movie Example 1
Like: - Design and overall presentation- Posters and clear site map- Resources
Dislike:- Without a very organized way to
find a movie- Without follow-up activities